资源简介

(共59张PPT)
Welcome to our English class
七选五 任务型阅读解题技巧
（Gap-filling）
基于主旨大意的任务型阅读解题指导
题型解读
选材特点：300词左右的说明文或议论文，正文240词左右，选项60词左右
设空类型：标题类、段落主题句类、过渡句类、细节类
选项特点：完整句子，按长度排列。
考察重点
主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。(考试说明)
Main idea of the text
Logic of the context
（Gap-filling）
Part I Experiencing
Part II Sharing
Part III Applying (应用)
Part IV Summarizing (总结)
Part V Enhancing (提高)
1.How to get the main idea of the a text
The title
The first paragraph
The last paragraph
2.How to get the main idea of each
paragraph
The first sentence (topic sentence)
The last sentence (topic sentence)
Main idea of the text:
Five suggestions for a lifetime of healthy
eyesight
Topic sentence of each paragraph:
Schedule yearly exams
Here are five suggestions for a lifetime of healthy eyesight.
P.1:
P.4:
P.2:
P.3:
P.5:
Protect against UV rays.
___________.
Give your eyes a break.
P.6:
Practice safe wear and care of contact lenses.
·Schedule yearly exams. 36 Experts advise parents to bring babies 6-12 months of age to the doctor for careful check. The good news is that millions of children now can have yearly eye exams and following treatment, including eyeglasses.
A. Eat your greens.
B. Eye care should begin early in life.
G. Parents usually don’t care about their own eyesight.
Sharing and discussing
干扰项
Top sentence
人生的早期=6到12个月的婴儿（同范畴）
From my experience, there are three main reasons why people don’t cook more often: ability, money, and time. 36 Money is a topic I’ll save for another day. So today I want to give, you some wisdom about how to make the most of them time you spend in the kitchen. Here are three tips for great cooking on a tight schedule:
Try new things.
Ability is easily improved.
G. A little time planning ahead can same a lot of work later on.
干扰项
同词复现
top sentence
Summary: 七选五解题技巧1：
词汇复现
1）复现：作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述。
复现关系：原词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现、派生词复现等。
2）同范畴词：是指跟此词汇相关或同一领域的词汇在文章中共同出现。你可以在选项中找到与此词汇最接近的词，从而达到快而准。
·Protect against UV rays(紫外线). Long-term stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes. No matter what the season is, it’s extremely important to wear sunglasses. 37
B. Eye care should begin early in life.
C. They can properly protect your eyes.
top sentence
代词线索
·Give your eyes a break. Two-thirds of Americans spend up to seven hours a day using computers or other digital products. 37 Experts recommend that people practice the 20/20/20 rule: every 20 minutes, take a 20-second break and look at something 20 feet away.
F. Always follow the doctor’s advice for appropriate wear.
G. This frequent eye activity increase the risk for eye tiredness
top sentence
代词线索
干扰项
Summary: 七选五解题技巧2：
代词提示
代词是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。
it:单数名词或整个句子；
they/them:复数名词；
one:单数可数名词；
that:不可数名词或句子；
this:单数名词或句子；
these/those:前句的复数名词。
· 39 As part of a healthy diet, eat more fruits and vegetables each day. Vitamins (维生素) C and E help protect eyesight and promote dye health.
A. Eat your greens.
D. Stay in good shape by taking more vitamins.
top sentence
篇章结构
干扰项
小标题，简明
P.5:
_____39______.
Schedule yearly exams
P.4:
P.2:
P.3:
Protect against UV rays.
Give your eyes a break.
From my experience, there are three main reasons why people don’t cook more often: ability, money, and time. 36 Money is a topic I’ll save for another day. So today I want to give, you some wisdom about how to make the most of them time you spend in the kitchen. Here are three tips for great cooking on a tight schedule:
Try new things.
Ability is easily improved.
G. A little time planning ahead can same a lot of work later on.
干扰项
同词复现
top sentence
Summary: 七选五解题技巧3：
1）考察空为小标题，则根据所在小段落的内容进行总结归纳。注意标题的简洁性！
2）若考察空非小标题，则根据试题所在位置确定不同的解题策略
①如果问题在段首
通常是段落主题句。根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题。 ②如果问题在段尾
通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。
·Practice safe wear and care of cantact lenses (隐形眼镜). Many Americans use contact lenses to improve their eyesight. While some follow the medical guidance for wearing contact lenses, many are breaking the rules and putting their eyesight at risk. 40＿ otherwise, you may have problems such as red eyes, pain in the eyes, or a more serious condition.
F. Always follow the doctor’s advice for appropriate wear.
G. This frequent eye activity increase the risk for eye tiredness.
top sentence
代词线索
转折关系
Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away. __40__
E. It involves slow, steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentive.
F. Daydreams are often very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams, which may be hard to understand.
G. Therefore, it’s a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you’re in the daydream zone.
因果关系
过渡性句子可以从细节逻辑上判断可分为：
A, 并列关系：First(ly),Second(ly),...；First, then/next,...；In the first place， in the second place...;for one thing,for another thing ,...；then /next ,finally/last 等。
B, 递进关系：besidefurther ,furthermore ,moreover ,what’s more , in addition ,as well , to make matters worse ,not ...but... ,not only ...but also等。
C, 解释例证关系：for example ,for instance ,in fact/as a matter of fact ,actually ,in other words /that is to say 等
Summary: 七选五解题技巧4（逻辑关系）：
D, 因果关系： so /therefore ,thus ,consequently(结果） ,as a result (of), so/ such ...that ...,so that ...等
E, 转折对比关系：but, however , yet ,while /though ,or /otherwise ,on the contrary ,instead, nevertheless（然而）, still ,yet, on the contrary ,in contrast / comparison 等
F, 概况归纳关系：in short , in brief , in summary ,generally speaking ,in general , to conclude ,in conclusion, in a word ,on the whole , to sum up 等。
Enhancing the skills by Practicing
纯空格试题
考点: 连词
两个句子间没有句号或分号，也没有连词，空格填 _____。分析句子结构, 由句子之间的逻辑关系来决定是_________还是_________；分清主句与从句,弄清从句在整个句子中作何种成分，确定是_________、__________ 还是__________.
连词
并列连词
从属连词
定语从句
名词性从句
状语从句
Practice Makes Perfect!
fill in the blank
七选五高考题型
给出一篇缺少5个句子的文章，对应有7个选项，要求同学们根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。
考试题型
考察重点
主要考察考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。（考试说明）
七选五解题技巧
方法
看文章结构
找关键词
找逻辑关系
排除法
Step 1 Structure
文章结构
Be an inventor
The biggest secret about inventing is that anybody can do it! Perhaps this sounds crazy, but it’s true. Maybe you have the wrong idea about inventing, so read on to discover the truth.
What to expect at high school
Are you super worried about what to expect at high school Well, guess what Everyone is! The following tips will help guide you safely through your first day!
Spring picnic
With spring in full swing, there’s no better way to celebrate the season than with a picnic.
大标题
大标题——短小精悍，大写
1
小标题——短小精悍，结构一致
Be on time
When meeting someone for ….
Introduce yourself and ask for names
Make sure you properly….
Smile!
It’s the easiest way to let someone know that you’re nice!
Be fun! …
Listen! …
小标题
2
Smile!
It’s the easiest way to let someone know that you’re nice!
Be fun! …
Listen! …
_____
Ask people who take classes with your questions about what they study today.
A. Change!
B. Ask a question!
C. Class work is a great icebreaker.
D. Say “hello” and see what happens.
E. And don’t just talk about yourself all the time.
F. Even the shyest person can manage a little smile.
G. We all prefer spending time with people who make us feel happy.
B
2
Be fun!
________ Think about the people you most enjoy being with—usually they are always on the up and up. Being fun makes people happy and brightens the way they think of you. It makes you seem like you truly love life and you can deal with any problems that you have to face.
Change!
Ask a question!
Classwork is a great icebreaker.
Say “hello” and see what happens.
And don’t just talk about yourself all the time.
Even the shyest person can manage a little smile.
We all prefer spending time with people who make us feel happy.
G
段首——概括文段，与小标题相呼应。
3
How fast can a home remodeling(改造)
project be completed ______ At least, that’s the time requirement of the popular TV show called Trading Spaces.
About 48 hours.
Wow! That’s great!
But you didn’t see that on the show.
They loved redecorating their neighbors’ place.
It sometimes takes several months to remodel a home.
But one couple in Portland, Oregon, hated their new room.
The people who appear on the show are actors and they enjoy the experience.
4
A
段中——
承上启下
They work a lot more.
Almost every extremely successful person works more hours than the average person—a lot more. They have long lists of things they want to get done. __________
They avoid the crowds.
They are never too proud.
Decide where you want to end up.
So they have to put in lots of time.
Keep in mind selling isn’t controlling.
Successful people don’t try to win just one race.
But you’ll work a lot harder if there is no other choice.
5
D
段尾——总结，承上启下
小结一 Structure 文章结 构
大标题
小标题
段首
段中
段尾
1
5
4
3
2
Step 2 Key words
关键词
1
Before you shake hands with somebody, make sure that your hands are clean. The handshake should not be too strong or weak. Most people use their right hands, unless they have a reason to use the left.____
…
It could be a similar taste in clothes or a common hobby.
You’ll be in serious trouble if you leave them with a bad impression.
However, don’t have your left hand in your pockets because this appears impolite.
C
同词重复
2
A birthday surprise
Nathan woke up early and raced into the kitchen. He saw his family preparing their breakfast just like every other day._____
Where was his birthday cake Did his family forget his special day
…
And there was nobody.
Where were his birthday presents
All he saw was a not no the ground.
B
同构复现
3-4
Don’t forget to wear a helmet(头盔)
Whether you’re a beginner or an expert, you’re going to fall, and sometimes you’re going to fall hard. “I went down to one run that was pretty hard,” Nate, a skiing learner, says, “_3 ”
You don’t have to buy a lot of expensive and new gear(装备)
Some skiers who owned nice winter jackets couldn’t go on the trip. 4 “I have a neighbor who let me borrow some of his gear. That was very helpful,” says 13-year-old Matt Rizer.
Don’t worry about falling.
I felt like I was learning pretty quickly.
I fell down and I was glad I was wearing a helmet.
Don’t think that you ski well enough not to wear a helmet.
So they lent their clothes to other skiers.
C
E
同畴词
同构词
同构词
fall – fell （不同时态）
beauty – beautiful
act – action （不同词性）
mate – roommate
police – policeman （相同词根）
同畴词 （畴：范畴）
jacket(夹克) clothes (衣服)
夹克是衣服中的一种。
如：fruit： apple, orange, banana…
furniture(家具)： bed, table, armchair…
sports: running, swimming, jumping…
类别
具体
5
Sometimes kids are glad to hear a “no” from their parents.______
There are two types of parents love.
It seems a happy feeling to get out of parents’ control.
近义词
B
When we change our jobs or schools, it often leaves us without a friend. _____ But for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage.
Making new friends comes easy for some people.
For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch.
6
A
反义词
小结三 Key words 关键词
同词重复
同构复现（相同句型结构，相同词不同结构）
同畴词
近义词
反义词
……
Tip: 就近原则
Step 3 Logical relationship
逻辑关系
1. ___ However, the real movie capital is Mumbai(孟买市), in India.
A. Sometimes they even write the script by hand.
B. Most people think the capital of the movie is Hollywood, in the USA.
B
转折
2. ____ This is because some people have certain qualities, which others do not.
A. Some people succeed, while others may not.
B. As the famous saying goes, “No pains, no gains.”
A
因果
3._____ In the other words, when you are in love with someone, you may refuse to see anything bad about that person.
A. Another proverb says “Love is blind.”
B. Proverbs are found in most cultures and are often very old.
A
解释
4. Taking good notes is a time saving skill that will help you to become a better student in several ways.____ Second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test.
A. You must write your notes on separate paper.
B. First, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember.
B
并列（顺序）
小结三 Logical Relationship
逻辑关系
转折
因果
解释
并列（顺序）
……
常见的逻辑关系词
并列：
also, too, then, and, as well as,
not only…but also…, first, second, firstly, next, for one thing, for another thing…, either…or, neither…nor…
因果：
for, because, because of, such, since, as, therefore, thus, hence, accordingly,
as a result, consequently, so…
转折：
however, nevertheless, nonetheless, still, though, yet, in spite of, at any rate, in any case, on the contrary, in contrast, by contrast, in comparison, by comparison, conversely, otherwise, but, while….
解释：
in fact, actually, for example, in other words, as a matter of fact, that is to say….
递进：
further, furthermore, more over, what’s more, besides, in addition, not only…but also…
Step 4 排除法
(市一模) Focus on what you love to do together. The gift you choose should tell a story…
Think about their interests and hobbies. The gift you choose should be something that is close to his or her heart…
__38_ You will want to strike the right balance between a gift that is popular but also unique to them…
Check out what is hot.
Stay within your budget.
So, can you find them as a gift that is memorable and yet practical enough to be used daily
排除法与其
他方法相结合
Let’s review 回顾
Methods 方法
Steps 步骤
Let’s try!
Tips for Cooking on a Tight Schedule
From my experience, there are three main reasons why people don’t cook more often: ability, money and time, ____36__Money is a topic I’ll save for another day. So today I want to give you some wisdom about how to make the most of the time you spend in the kitchen. Here are three tips for great cooking on a tight schedule:
Think ahead. The moments when I think cooking is a pain are when I’m already hungry and there is nothing ready to eat. So think about of the coming week. When will you have time to cook Do you have the right materials ready ____37____
Make your time worth it. When you do find time to cook a meal, make the most of it and save yourself time later on. Are you making one loaf of bread ___38___ it takes around the same amount of time to make more of something. So save yourself the effort for a future meal.
____39____ This may surprise you, but one of the best tools for making cooking worth your time is experimentation. It gives you the chance to hit upon new ideas and recipes that can work well with your appetite and schedule. The more you learn and the more you try, the more ability you have to take control of your food and your schedule.
Hopefully that gives you a good start. ____40___ and don’t let a busy schedule discourage you from making some great changes in the way you eat and live!
A. Try new things.
B. Ability is easily improved.
C. Make three or four instead.
D. Understand your food better.
E. Cooking is a burden for many people.
F. Let cooking and living simply be a joy rather than a burden.
G. A little time planning ahead can save a lot of work later on.
Keys: BGCAF
The end!

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