资源简介

Unit 3 Fit for life
Welcome to the unit & Reading教学设计
科目：英语 课题：Welcome to the unit & Reading 课时：1课时
教学目标与核心素养：
知识目标：通过跳读、细读,归纳语篇(网站文章)的小标题，了解文本的主要信息和细节信息,培养学生获取文字信息的能力。
能力目标：了解后缀-(t)ics/-(o)logy,-(t)ic/-alist/-ian 的意思,学习运用后缀作为记忆辅助手段;学习as作为连词的连接功能，尝试将两个简单句改成复合句。
情感目标：理性看待基因组编辑技术，坚持科学精神。
教学重难点
教学重点：通过预测、阅读,获取文本信息,判断文章体裁，学习演讲稿的结构。
教学难点：赏析语篇的文体特征与修辞手法，能够理解文章的主旨大意，体会科学精神。
课前准备：多媒体，黑板，粉笔
教学过程：
一、Pre-reading
1. Greeting
2. Leading-in
教师活动：展示图片，提问问题，引发学生思考。
What jobs are shown in the pictures Write the letters in the boxes above.
图1-b;图2-d;图3-c;图4-a
学生活动：思考并回答问题。
Would you like to be a medical professional Why or why not
Can you describe an experience you had with a medical professional What was it like
While-reading
教师活动：引导学生思考下列问题，并通过文章标题猜测文章大意。
What advances in medical science have you heard about
I have heard about three-D printing that is used for printing parts of the body to replace those that are lost or injured beyond repair. For example, a leg or ear can be three-D printed to the precise measurements of the patient. Precision medicine is another medical advance I know about. This health care approach takes into consideration patients' genes, lifestyles and environments to find unique risk factors and develop personalized therapies. Both of these medical advances are incredible because they are tailor-made and therefore provide accurate and effective treatments for the patients.
What do you know about genes
I know that genes are found in the cells of all living things. Genes are very small and carry the DNA information which decides what we become. All living organisms have different genes; therefore, no two individuals are 100% alike, even though there may be similarities. At the DNA level, not even identical twins are the same. Scientists are studying genes to help prevent health problems from being passed on from parents to their children. They are also trying to find ways to treat diseases that are caused by bad genes.
学生活动：略读文章，完成活动A1。
Para.2: Genes play a critical role in shaping our lives.
Para.3: Genome editing can help with disease treatment and prevention.
Para.4: Many people are concerned about how to use genome editing appropriately.
Para.5: Despite the public argument, genome editing is one of the greatest inventions in the history of science.
学生活动：仔细阅读文章，完成下列问题。
（1）阅读第二段，用自己的话介绍基因组（genome）。
A genome is the complete set of genes of a cell or a living being. It contains various information which determines the characteristics and lifespan of a living being.
（2）阅读第三段，回答下面的问题。
How can genome editing help people fight against diseases
Because genes are related to diseases, geneticists can use the technology of genome editing to change the specific genetic materials which cause the diseases, thus helping in the fight against diseases.
（3）阅读第四段，回答下面的问题。
What consequences will genome editing bring
Genome editing may cause a series of consequences. It may allow geneticists to enhance healthy bodies and even create "designer babies", both of which can lead to moral condemnations. If the technology cannot be properly controlled and restricted, it may be misused.
学生活动：完成A2。
教师活动：引导学生完成P32 活动A2。
①What information does our personal genome carry
Our own personal genome carries all the information needed to make us grow and develop. It also contains information that helps determine our lifespan and affects our chances of contracting certain diseases.
②How can geneticists make changes to the genome
Geneticists can make changes to the genome, correcting, adding, deleting or replacing specific parts of the genetic material.
③How might genome editing make it possible to prevent diseases from developing
By correcting abnormal genes early on.
④What is a "designer baby"
We will be able to select specific characteristics for children before they are born, creating what some have called "designer babies".
⑤What does the lecturer compare uncontrolled genome editing to
A car out of control.
5. 教师活动：教师引导学生完成P18活动A3。
(1) How does the lecturer feel about genome editing Find evidence from the lecture transcript to support your opinion.
The lecturer feels very excited about genome editing. He describes it as the most "game-changing" among the many wonderful scientific developments and one of the greatest inventions in the history of science". However, the lecturer is also concerned that this technology might not be used appropriately. He lists a few moral issues before warning that we need to put appropriate controls in place to prevent genome editing from running wild and make sure it will work to our advantage.
2. The lecturer mentions that one day we will be able to create "designer babies". What do you think of "designer babies"
I do not think we should design babies unless it is because of serious physical or mental health concerns. There is no need to design a baby if its parents are perfectly healthy. Natural gene selection ensures diversity among our species, so if "designer babies" become the norm, the diversity level will drop. Over time, this could lead to the majority of people being born with similar intelligence levels, similar physical features and perhaps, even similar personalities. Humans could evolve into "super beings", which some people may believe to be good for us, but interfering with our natural evolution could result in disaster. I do not think we should take the chance.
3. What controls can we put in place to make sure that genome editing will work to our advantage
Governments around the world should work together to make laws and regulations about when genome editing can and cannot be used. First, these laws and regulations should cover various aspects of genome editing, such as ethical issues and security, and they may have to be introduced at multiple levels—global, national and even regional. Second, genome editing equipment needs to be strictly controlled so that it does not get into the wrong hands. Finally, governments, scientists, stakeholders and the public need to work together to enforce appropriate usage of genome editing. The application of these laws and regulations regarding genome editing will only be successful if all parties concerned cooperate.
三、After-reading
1. 教师活动：让学生完成B1。
参考答案：(1) Without doubt (2) identify (3) cell (4) wrestling with (5) pace (6) affect (7) means (8) fundamental
教师活动：让学生完成B2。
Suffixes Meanings Words
-(t)ics/-(o)logy the study of a subject genetics, statistics, economics, linguistics, sociology, climatology
-(t)ic/-al related to genetic, economic, linguistic, mathematical, political, musical
-ist/-ian a person who studies a subject geneticist, physicist, mathematician, statistician, politician, musician
教师活动：指导学生完成B3。
让学生阅读下句“ 'As' can be used in different structures to express different meanings, such as time and reason. As a linking word, it can make your information better organized.”找出语法点。
As many of you may already know, genes play a critical role in shaping our lives. Geneticists have been trying to identify which genes relate to which diseases, as they believe genome editing is an effective means of disease treatment and prevention.
As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace, however, questions arise about how to use it appropriately.
教师活动：让学生用“as”将下面的句子衔接起来。
You might have heard this before. Some genes make you more likely to develop certain diseases.
We need to have appropriate controls on genome editing. It can be dangerous.
New discoveries are being made. Geneticists gain a better understanding of our genes.
答案： (1) As you might have heard before, some genes make you more likely to develop certain diseases.
(2) We need to have appropriate controls on genome editing, as it can be dangerous.
(3) As new discoveries are being made, geneticists are gaining a better understanding of our genes.
学生活动：讨论P32活动A3的第二个问题。
The lecturer mentions that one day we will be able to create "designer babies". What do you think of "designer babies"
I do not think we should design babies unless it is because of serious physical or mental health concerns. There is no need to design a baby if its parents are perfectly healthy. Natural gene selection ensures diversity among our species, so if "designer babies" become the norm, the diversity level will drop. Over time, this could lead to the majority of people being born with similar intelligence levels, similar physical features and perhaps, even similar personalities. Humans could evolve into "super beings", which some people may believe to be good for us, but interfering with our natural evolution could result in disaster. I do not think we should take the chance.
教师活动：引导学生完成A3的第三个问题。
What controls can we put in place to make sure that genome editing will work to our advantage
Governments around the world should work together to make laws and regulations about when genome editing can and cannot be used. First, these laws and regulations should cover various aspects of genome editing, such as ethical issues and security, and they may have to be introduced at multiple levels—global, national and even regional. Second, genome editing equipment needs to be strictly controlled so that it does not get into the wrong hands. Finally, governments, scientists, stakeholders and the public need to work together to enforce appropriate usage of genome editing. The application of these laws and regulations regarding genome editing will only be successful if all parties concerned cooperate.
四、Summary
总结课上所学，梳理文章结构。
作业布置：
学生写一篇文章表达自己对于基因组编辑技术的看法

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