新概念英语第二册Lesson 50 Taken for a ride 乘车兜风 讲义

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新概念英语第二册Lesson 50 Taken for a ride 乘车兜风 讲义

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新概念英语第二册第50课
Lesson 50 Taken for a ride 乘车兜风
I love travelling in the country, but I don't like losing my way.
I went on an excursion recently, but my trip took me longer than I expected.
'I'm going to Woodford Green,' I said to the conductor as I got on the bus, 'but I don't know where it is.'
'I'll tell you where to get off.' answered the conductor.
I sat in the front of the bus to get a good view of the countryside. After some time, the bus stopped. Looking round, I realized with a shock that I was the only passenger left on the bus.
'You'll have to get off here,' the conductor said. 'This is as far as we go.'
'Is this Woodford Green ' I asked.
'Oh dear,' said the conductor suddenly. 'I forgot to put you off.'
'It doesn't matter,' I said. 'I'll get off here.'
'We're going back now,' said the conductor.
'Well, in that case, I prefer to stay on the bus,' I answered.
New words and expressions 生词和短语
ride n. 旅行
excursion n. 远足
conductor n. 售票员
view n. 景色
参考译文
我喜欢在乡间旅行,但却不愿意迷路。最近我作了一次短途旅行,但这次旅行所花费的时间比我预计的要长。
“我要去伍德福德草地,”我一上车就对售票员说,“但我不知道它在那儿。”
“我来告诉您在哪儿下车,”售票员回答说。
我坐在汽车的前部,以便饱览农村风光。过了一些时候,车停了。我环视了一下身旁,惊奇地发现车里就只剩我一个乘客了。
“您得在这里下车,”售票员说,“我们的车就到此为止了。”
“这里是伍德福德草地吗?”我问道。
“哎呀,”售票员突然说,“我忘了让您下车了。”
“没关系,”我说,“我就在这儿下吧。”
“我们现在要返回去,”售票员说。
“好吧,既然如此,我还是留在车上吧。”我回答说。
课文解释
1. Taken for a ride 乘车兜风
这个短语是标题。有些人可能对这个短语的结构或含义不清楚,这里给大家解释一下。take…for...的意思是“把…看作…”或“错误地理解为”。例如:

Don’t take silence for approval. 别把沉默当作是同意。
I took you for your brother. 我误把你看作是你的兄弟了。

因此,taken for a ride实际上是The excursion was taken for a ride. (那次短途旅行被当作是一次乘车兜风。)的省略写法。这种省略的写法通常会用在标题或书名中。

英文中take是个使用频率非常高的常用词,其具体的含义也随着不同的语境而有相应的变化。take sb. for a ride可以指“开车带某人出去兜风”或“欺骗某人”。另外,taken或taken for也有上当的意思。例如:

He took the family for a ride/drive in his new car.
他用新车带家人出去兜风。
An author tried to take his publisher for a ride.
一个作者试图欺骗他的出版商。
Look at this shirt! I was taken (for).
瞧这件衬衣。我上当了。

2. I went on an excursion recently, but my trip took me longer than I expected.
最近我作了一次短途旅行,但这次旅行所花费的时间比我预 计的要长。
1) 这里的动词go是“旅行、到某个地方”的意思;go on an excursion(或:make an excursion)指“去远足”。类似的还可以用:go on/make a journey/trip/outing等。例如:
He went on holiday last month.
他上个月去度假了。
I’ll go on an exchange visit to Paris. 我将到巴黎交流参观。
2)take在这句话的含义为“花费(时间)”。请大家注意的是,take表示这种含义时,主语通常不用人,而用某件事,并且经常用it作为形式主语的结构。例如:

It will take a long time and energy to compile a dictionary.
编撰一本字典要耗费很多的时间和精力。
But such efforts take a lot of time and energy.
但是这样的努力非常耗时和耗费精力。
It has taken 17 years for the band to produce a new record.
这个乐队花了17年时间打造一张新的专辑。

为了帮大家复习以前学过的语法内容,这里给大家提一个小问题:这句话是个并列句。在这个并列句的后一个分句中包含了一个什么类型的状语从句?(答案见“课文点评”的后面)
3.“I'll tell you where to get off,”answered the conductor.
“我来告诉您在哪儿下车,”售票员回答说。
1) 这是一句直接引语。在这个直接引语中有一个常用结构:特殊疑问词+动词不定式短语(这里的特殊疑问词实际上起着连接副词的功能)。这种结构有以下几个主要的特点:

l 疑问词通常为:who, whom, whose, what, which(疑问代词或连接代词)以及when, where, how(疑问副词或连接副词);另外连词whether也适用这种结构。

l 这种结构相当于一个名词性从句,在句子中可以用作:主语、宾语(常接在forget, find out, discuss, decide, know, learn, remember, tell, teach, wonder等动词之后)、介词宾语、表语和同位语。例如:

Where to live is a problem.
在哪儿生活是个问题。(作主语)
Do you know how to play bridge
你知道怎么打桥牌吗?(作宾语)
He will advise you what to do.
他会告诉你做什么。(作双宾语中的直接宾语)
She has no idea of how to answer the question.
她不知道如何回答这个问题。(作介词宾语)
The problem is where to find financial aid.
问题是哪儿可以找到资金上的援助。(作表语)
The question whether to confess troubled the girl.
是否要坦白,这个问题困扰着这个女孩。(作同位语)

l 这种结构常常用来替代宾语从句:

宾语从句:I will tell you where you can get off.
简单句: I will tell you where to get off.
宾语从句:Can you tell me how I can get there?
简单句: Can you tell me how to get there?
宾语从句:Can you tell me what I should do?
简单句: Can you tell me what to do

l 按照英文的习惯,why后面不直接跟动词不定式。
误:I don’t know why to choose that book.
正:I don’t know why you choose that book.

2) get off与 get on为一对反义词,最常见的含义指“(从公共交
通工具上)下来”(get on则指“登上交通工具”)。例如:
They got off the bus and walked away.
他们从公交车上下来,然后走开了。
No one got on/ off (the bus)at the last bus stop.
在上个公共汽车站没有人上/下车。
另外,get off还可用来表达一些其它的意思,如:出发、逃脱惩罚、入睡、停工/下班,等。例如:
We'll try and get off straight after lunch.
我们尽量吃过午饭就出发。
In the end he got off because there wasn't enough evidence against him.
最后因为证据不足,他没有受到惩罚。
It took us ages to get the baby off.
我们好久才把宝宝哄睡着。
When do you get off (work) 你们什么时候下班?
4.I sat in the front of the bus to get a good view of the countryside.
我坐在汽车的前部,以便饱览农村风光。
1) 短语in the front of指“在(某一事物的内部的)前部”。例如:
He's sitting in the front of the car with the driver.
他与司机一起坐在汽车的前部。
I'd like to sit in the front of the plane. 我要坐在飞机前部。

而短语in front of则表示“在(某物或某个地点外部的)前面”。关于这两个短语在含义上的区别,之前的课后练习中(Lesson 33课后练习中“多项选择题”第9题的解题分析)也给大家介绍过。为了考查一下大家是否已经真正理解,这里给大家出个小问题:

在本句话中,是否可以用in front of 来替换in the front of?(答案见“课文点评的后面”)
2)句中的名词view在这里的含义为“视线、视野”。have/get a view of sth.指“能看到某物”。view前加上形容词good用来强调,表示“可以很好地看到”。例如:
He stood up to get a better view of the blackboard.
为了更清楚地看到黑板上的内容,他站了起来。

3)这句话是个简单句。不定式短语to get…the countryside在句子中用作目的状语。

这里再给大家提个小问题:
这句话如何改变为一个带有目的状语从句的复合句?(答案见“课文点评”的后面)
如果对于简单句和复合句以及并列句之间的转换方法还不是很熟悉的话,请大家再温习一遍Lesson 49中的语法内容。

5.This is as far as we go. 我们的车就到此为止了。
这句话的字面意思是:这个地方和我们能去的地方一样远,其要表达的意思就是“我们(的车)最远也就到这里了”。

as far as形式上是个原级比较(关于比较状语从句的详细介绍,大家可同时参看Lesson 32的相关语法内容),意思是“和…一样远”。现在已经演化成一个固定的用法,还可以用来表示“到…程度/限度”或“就…的程度而言”。例如:
I will help you as far as I can. 我会尽我所能地帮助你。
The desert continued as far as the eye could see.
沙漠一直伸展到视线的尽头。
As far as I know, he will be away for three months.
据我所知, 他将离开三个月.
As far as I am concerned, I'm not against your plan.
就我而言,我并不反对你的计划。

6.I forgot to put you off. 我忘了让您下车了。
1) forget to do sth. 意思是“忘了(要去或应该)做某事”;而forget doing sth.则指的是“忘了(曾经或已经)做过某事”。例如:
I forgot to ask him for his address. 我忘记向他要地址。
I'll never forget hearing this piece of music for the first time.
我永远不会忘记第一次听到这首曲子的情景。

2) 短语动词put off有多种含义。在本句中指的是“停下来让某人从车、船等下去”。例如:
They put me off at a small station.
他们让我在一个小站下了车。

这个短语动词还有其它常用的含义,如:推迟、敷衍/搪塞、使反感或对…失去兴趣。例如:

The Association has put the event off until October.
协会已把这次活动推迟至10月。
I'm not going to be put off with that excuse.
我不会被那个借口敷衍过去的.。
A hero is never put off by difficulties. 困难难不倒英雄汉。
People are put off by her strident voice.
人们对她刺耳的嗓音感到十分厌恶。

7.Well, in that case,I prefer to stay on the bus.
好吧,既然如此,我还是留在车上吧。
1) well单独使用时通常用作感叹词,可以表示同意、顺从、踌躇等情感,有时则仅起连接作用,相当于汉语的“嗯”、“噢”、“喔”等。关于感叹词well的用法讲解,大家可同时参看第一册Lesson 81的相关课文解释的内容。
2) 短语in that/this case表示“既然是那/这样”、“假使那/这样的话”。例如:
In that case, I'll go. 要是那么着, 那我就去吧.
He is said to be not at home. In that case, we shall not go there.
听说他不在家, 那么我们不去了.

3) prefer to do sth. 意思是“宁愿做某事”或“更喜欢做某事”。
The donor prefers to remain anonymous.
捐赠者希望不披露姓名。
I prefer not to think about it. 我不想考虑此事。
I would prefer to spend the weekend at home rather than drive all the way to your mother's.
我觉得与其开车跑那么远到你母亲那里去度周末,还不如呆在家 里。

关于prefer这个词的其它用法,大家可同时参看Lesson 31课后练习(作文)中的相关解释内容。


课文点评:作者想要乘公交车去某个地方,却因为不知道在哪儿下车,而售票员又忘了告诉他,所以只好呆在车上再返回。但作者显然心态还算平和,就把这次出行当作是一次乘车兜风。假如车是原路返回的话,实际上他还是可以让售票员再记得提醒一次,在要去的那一站下车的。当然,如果车并非原路返回,那就只能等下一次了。

问题1)答案:在后一个并列分句中包含了一个比较状语从句。关于这种状语从句的详细介绍,大家可同时参看Lesson 32中的语法内容。
问题2)答案:不能用in front of来替换本句话中的in the front of。因为in the front of the bus表示的是“坐在汽车里面的前
部”,而in front of the bus表示的是“坐在汽车(外面的)前面”。两个短语虽然只差一个定冠词,但所表示的位置不同。
问题3)答案:I sat in the front of the bus in order that I could get a good view of the countryside. 或:
I sat in the front of the bus so that I could get a good view of the countryside.

本课语法

一般现在时(表示习惯性的动作或状态)
1. 在第26课的语法内容中,我们给大家详细介绍了:
1) 采用一般现在时的几种常见的情况;
2) 通常采用一般现在时而不用进行时态的常用动词(以及该种动词的大致分类)

关于一般现在时的具体讲解,大家可同时参看该课的语法内容。

2. 在那些通常用于一般现在时而不用于进行时的动词中,除了在第26课中书后提到了表示外观、思想、感觉等的词,如:appear,appreciate, believe…think, understand等,另外有些表示所属关系以及喜好、憎恶、需要等感情的动词通常也只用于一般现在时而不用于进行时。这些动词(本课书后列出的)包括:

belong to(属于), consist of(由…组成), contain(装有,容纳), desire(希望), detest(憎恶), dislike(不喜欢), hate(憎恨,厌恶), hope(希望,指望), love(热爱,喜爱), matter(有关系,有影响), mean(意思是,意指), mind(介意,在意), need(需要), want(需要,想要), wish(想要,希望)等。它们往往表示的是某种状态而不是具体的动作。
The car belongs to Dan.
那辆车是丹的。(不可用进行时)
A large network may consist of over one million computers.
一个大型网络有可能包含一百多万台计算机。

The bag contained a Christmas card.
这个包里装着一张圣诞卡。
The minister desires to see you. 部长希望见你。

I detest people who tell lies. 我恨说谎的人。
We don't serve liver often because so many people dislike it.
我们不常做肝这道菜,因为很多人吃不惯。

I hate to trouble you, but could I use your phone
我不愿麻烦你,但我能用一下你的电话吗?
I hope I haven't said anything to upset you.
但愿我没有说过让你不高兴的话。

I love my country as you love yours.
我热爱我的祖国,就像你热爱你的祖国一样。
A lot of food goes on the floor but that doesn't matter.
许多食品掉在地板上,不过也没什么关系。

In modern Welsh, 'glas' means 'blue'.
在现代威尔士语中,glas 意为“蓝色”。
I hope you don't mind the noise. 希望你不介意这声音。
Do you need any help 你需要帮忙吗?
Ian knows exactly what he wants in life.
伊恩很清楚他需要什么样的生活。
I wish I were taller. 我要是个子高一些就好了。

本课词组/短语/句型
下面是本课中出现的一些常用短语、固定搭配或句型等(必须熟记)。为了大家复习方便,整理如下:

take…for… 把…当作…
be taken for a ride 被欺骗
I love travelling in the country, but I don’t like losing my way.
我喜欢在乡间旅行,但却不愿意迷路。
lose one’s way 迷路
I went on an excursion recently, but my trip took me longer than I expected.
最近我作了一次短途旅行,但这次旅行所花费的时间比我预计的要长。
go on an excursion 作一次短距离的旅行
longer than I expected 比我预计的要长
get on/off the bus 上/下公共汽车
I’m going to Woodford Green, but I don’t know where it is.
我要去伍德福德草地,但我不知道它在哪儿。
I sat in the front of the bus to get a good view of the countryside.
我坐在汽车的前部,以便饱览农村风光。
in the front of… 在…的前部
get a good view of… 一览无余;很好地看到…
after some time 一段时间之后
Looking round, I realized with a shock that I was the only passenger left on the bus.
我环视了一下身旁,惊奇地发现车里就只剩下我一个乘客了。
look round 环顾,举目四望
with a shock 吃惊地;震惊地
This is as far as we go. 我们的车就到此为止了。
I forgot to put you off. 我忘了让您下车了。
Well, in that case, I prefer to stay on the bus.
好吧,既然如此,我还是留在车上吧。
in that case 既然那样;如果那样的话
prefer to do sth. 宁愿做某事;更愿意做某事

重点词汇

1.ride (rode; ridden)
1) 骑(马、自行车或摩托车)
I saw a girl riding a horse. 我看见一个骑马的女孩。
Riding a bike is great exercise. 骑自行车是很好的运动。
Two men riding on motorcycles opened fire on him.
两个骑摩托车的男人向他开了枪。

2) 搭乘,乘坐(交通工具):
He prefers travelling on the tube to riding in a limousine.
他更愿意乘地铁出行,不愿坐豪华轿车。

Many of our people ride in the buses at rush hours.
我们之中有许多人要在最拥挤的时候搭乘公共汽车。
注意:对于car, train, lorry等交通工具,如果本人是司机,尽量不要说ride(a car),最好用drive。例如:
It was her turn to drive a car. 该轮到她开车了。

3) n. (骑马、自行车或乘车的)旅行、旅程:
She took some friends for a ride in the family car.
她开着自己的家庭轿车载着几个朋友出去兜了一圈。
Would you like to go for a ride 你想出去兜风吗?

4) sb. be taken for a ride 上当受骗,被欺骗:
When he had not returned with my money an hour later I realized that I had been taken for a ride.
1个小时后他没有带着我的钱回来,我才意识到自己上当受骗 了。

2. lose, loose与miss
1) lose(lost;lost)通常用作及物动词,可以表示“遗失、丢失”、“输掉(比赛、战斗、争论等)”、“丧失、失去”、“错过、浪费”等含义。例如:
Miss Wang lost her keys. 王小姐把钥匙丢了。
A C Milan lost the Italian Cup Final.
AC米兰队输掉了意大利杯决赛。
Vivien lost her job when the company moved to another city.
公司搬到了另一个城市,薇薇安便失业了。
Ms.Meng had lost the use of her legs.
孟女士双腿的功能已经丧失。
Vivien lost her baby in the car accident.
薇薇安在那场车祸中失去了她的孩子。
If you don't do it soon you're going to lose the opportunity.
不赶紧行动就没机会了。

2) loose虽然与lose只多了一个字母,比较相似,但其意义与用法却有很大区别。这个词多用作形容词,表示“松动的、未固定牢的”、“(衣服)宽松的、肥大的”、“(头发)披散的、散开的”,等。例如:

Two wooden beams had come loose from the ceiling.
房顶上有两根木梁已经松动。
During the night, somebody had cut the boat loose from its moorings.
有人在夜间砍断了泊船的缆绳。
Wear loose clothes as they're more comfortable.
穿宽松的衣服,这样会更舒服。
She usually wears her hair loose. 她通常披散着头发。

3) miss用作动词时通常作及物动词,可以表示“想念”、“错过”、“未能达到”、“缺(课等)”等多种含义。例如:
The Turners left the district last year and we really miss them.
特纳一家去年离开了这个地区,我们真的很想念他们。
She missed her train. 她误了她的火车。
The arrow missed the target. 那支箭没有射中靶子。
He missed school for a week. 他一周没有上学了。

2.expect与wait for
1) 动词expect有多种含义,可以表示“预期、预料”、“盼望、等待”、“指望、期望”,等。它侧重表示的是人的心理状态(心中预期或认为某事会发生),而不是指某个具体的动作。例如:

Many people were expecting (that) the peace talks would break down.
许多人预料和平谈判会破裂。
She expects to fail the exam. 她估计自己无法通过考试。

I am expecting several important letters but nothing has arrived.
我正在等几封重要的信件,可是一封都没到。
He expected his contribution to be repaid with interest.
他盼望他的付出能够有所回报。

Don't expect an instant cure. 别指望立即治愈。
You cannot expect to like all the people you will work with.
不要指望你会喜欢所有和你共事的人。

2) wait for这个动词短语主要指的是“等待”这个动作本身,后面接sth.或sb.。例如:
Check us in at the hotel and wait for my call.
去宾馆替我们办理好入住手续,然后等我的电话。
Now we wait for them to turn in their essays.
现在我们等着他们交上作文。
They were very obliging and offered to wait for us.
他们非常热情,主动提出等候我们。

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