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2023-2024学年天津市高三（上）全真模拟英语试卷
一、单选题（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
1. Annie Salmon，disabled，is attended throughout her school days by a nurse _______ to guard her.（　　）
A. to appoint B. appointing
C. appointed D. having appointed
2. —Do you mind if I go out this evening
—I don't mind what you do ______ you let me know ahead of time.
A. ever since B. in case C. as long as D. even though
3. Not only can the environment of a country suffer from the sudden growth of tourism but the people also rapidly feel its ______.（　　）
A. benefits B. contribution C. demand D. effects
4. Our ancestors enjoyed the healing power of nature，and now scientists are starting to ______.（　　）
A. hold back B. move on C. catch up D. get across
5. Emoji can help communication feel friendlier，and ______ a serious note can be softened with an encouraging smile.（　　）
A. even B. still C. also D. yet
6. —Are you feeling any better，Lucy？
—Yes.The medicine the doctor gave me brought ________ to my headache.（　　）
A. safety B. shelter C. relief D. defense
7. The core of life education at school lies in guiding students to______manage relationships.（　　）
A. slightly B. originally C. temporarily D. properly
8. I have been convinced that the print media are usually more ______ and more reliable than television.（　　）
A. precious B. efficient C. relevant D. accurate
9. In order to make her 45th birthday impressive，I intend to buy her a wonderful present，_________that is not expensive but very meaningful.（　　）
A. it B. one C. the one D. this
10. He suddenly spotted an old friend across the room，so he pushed his way ______ the crowd of people to get to her.（　　）
A. beyond B. through C. down D. against
11. —Can you have a meal served outside the cafe？
—I don't think so，but ______.（　　）
A. it's not your business B. it sounds like a good idea
C. I couldn't agree more D. don't jump to conclusions
12. —Ethan is asking whether he must attend the meeting tomorrow.
—Well，he if he has something else to do.（　　）
A. mustn't B. needn't C. shouldn't D. can't
13. A Beijing girl Shang Lin made up her mind to join the army ________ acting；she gained 10 kg in order to become a soldier.（　　）
A. in case of B. in place of
C. on behalf of D. in exchange for
14. ---How is the man injured in the earthquake？
---The doctor said if ________in a proper way，he was likely to be saved.（　　）
A. treated B. treating C. is treated D. to be treated
15. ---Mary，will you please guide the new comer to the office？
---______.I am free now.（　　）
A. By all means B. By no means C. I'll take it D. My pleasure
二、阅读理解（本大题共20小题，共50.0分）
A
National Music Theater Competition
The 2024 National Music Theater Competition （NMTC） will be held.It was launched in 2011 as the first national competition for the emerging professional music theater soloist （独唱者）.NMTC has provided industry connections for past competitors and winners that have led to their success on Broadway and other venues.
Prizes （each prize only for a person）
The champion： ﹩5，000 plus a concert at the next national conference of National Association of Teachers of Singing （NATS），a ﹩1，000 Gift Certificate from Hal Leonard，a Career Management Services package from Stage Door Connections.
The runner-up： ﹩2，500 plus a ﹩500 Gift Certificate from Hal Leonard.
The third place：Louise Lerch Prize； ﹩1，000 cash prize.
The fourth place：Bill Hayes Prize； ﹩750 cash prize.
Qualification
Singers aged from 20 to 28 as of September 15，2023.
Entrance Procedure
Application requires a fee of ﹩900，but for these students of NATS members the fee is ﹩75.Application fees due to cancellation by the applicant won't be returned.All application materials must be submitted by September 15，2023.If you are planning to submit your application for the online round，you must complete the submission by September 15，2023，but you'll have 30 days after the deadline to upload your audition （试唱） videos.Late or incomplete applications will not be considered.
Where to Audition
The preliminary （预选的） round
Live auditions：November 1 to 10，2023 in New York City.
Online auditions：Video submission deadline is October 15，2023.
Semifinal and final rounds
Live auditions：The semifinal round：January 3 to 9，2024；the final round：January 15 to 20，2024.
The semifinal and final rounds will be held in New York City as part of the 2024 NATS Winter Workshop.
16. Why was the National Music Theater Competition launched？ ______
A. To make people like music. B. To promote the leisure industry.
C. To popularize Broadway musicals. D. To seek promising talents.
17. What will the person coming second in the competition get？ ______
A. A ﹩500 Gift Certificate and Louise Lerch Prize.
B. ﹩2，500 in prize money and a Gift Certificate.
C. A Career Management Services package.
D. A chance to perform at a concert.
18. Which of the following is a necessity for participating in the competition？ ______
A. Being at least 28 years old.
B. Applying for membership of NATS.
C. Submitting application materials on time.
D. Uploading audition videos by September 15.
19. What do you know about the competition？ ______
A. Competitors can enter the semifinal round on January 18，2024.
B. Both online and live auditions are available in any round.
C. There are three rounds in the competition in total.
D. Application submission deadline is October 15，2023.
20. What's the author's purpose of writing the text？ ______
A. To call on people to explore their potential in music.
B. To attract young singers to apply for the competition.
C. To appeal to young singers to become NATS members.
D. To encourage people to enter the musical industry.
B
Seeing the text from Kathy：A family picnic this weekend？I found my hands began to sweat；my heart beat hard.I wanted to yell， "No!Why would you suggest that？I thought we were friends!" I hated picnics.
My hatred of them began as a child.I always got car-sick and it was hot all the way.Air conditioning in vehicles was pretty much unheard of in 1980s Birmingham，and my mother insisted on having all the windows closed because of the unpleasant smell of gas.We would arrive at some faraway destination，usually a car park with a field attached next to a plant，and unpack tasteless and sandwiches，nearly cold sausage rolls and disgusting salads.There were never any toilets，so we had to "go" behind a bush；the memory of being discovered by a random dog-walker still embarrasses me from time to time.My mother sat in a relaxed way on a rug （小毯子） while we girls were playing nearby or maybe lying next to her.But for me this was a time when I suffered a lot.It was frightening to be attacked by ants or spot a dead rabbit in the grass.
As an adult I'd avoided all picnics，but this time I couldn't.I just said yes，without letting Kathy sense my true feeling about them.She is my best friend and sometimes you must make sacrifices for people you like a lot. "I'll bring the food，and you bring the drink，" she said.
My ridiculously enthusiastic family and I arrived at the picnic site.My expectations were low.Kathy and her husband Dave unloaded folding tables，chairs，a table cloth and ...a cool box of delicious food mostly purchased from a local deli （熟食店），which does all manner of pre-prepared salads and cold cuts.There was fresh bread，olives，even candles to keep away insects，music，and wine.It was completely delightful.There may have been children playing around too，even if one of them did find a dead bird （told you!）.I am now a picnic enthusiast and we're planning another.I'm even reading up on picnic recipes for it!
21. What was the author's attitude towards Kathy's suggestion according to the first paragraph？ ______
A. Supportive B. Opposed C. Indifferent D. Embarrassed
22. What can be inferred from the author's childhood picnics？ ______
A. The food was delightful.
B. She enjoyed the journey.
C. She thought the wild unpleasing.
D. She could talk with her mother alone.
23. Why did the author accept Kathy's picnic invitation？ ______
A. Because she liked the picnic place.
B. Because her family wanted to have the picnic.
C. Because she didn't want to hurt Kathy's feelings.
D. Because Kathy promised her a good picnic.
24. What can we infer about Kathy and her husband？ ______
A. They are great picnic organizer. B. They have good manners.
C. They are animal-friendly people. D. They made careless of the picnic.
25. Why did the author write the text？ ______
A. To remember an unforgettable trip.
B. To record her memories of family picnics.
C. To express her thanks to her friend Kathy.
D. To describe her changed attitude to picnics
C
In 2016，the world's population cast aside 49 million tons of electronic waste，known as e-waste.It has been calculated that this number will grow to more than 60 million tons by 2021.
What is causing the upsurge （激增） in e-waste？Technology is becoming more and more widespread，covering almost every aspect of our lives.Meanwhile，the lifespan of devices is getting shorter—many products will be thrown away once their batteries die，to be replaced by new panies intentionally plan the obsolescence （过时） of their goods by updating the design or software and discontinuing support for older models，so that now it is usually cheaper and easier to buy a new product than to repair an old one.Since prices are falling，electronic devices are in demand around the world.
As more people buy electronic equipment，manufacturers （制造商） are beginning to face shortages of the raw materials needed to make their products，so recycling and reusing materials from discarded （扔掉的） products and waste makes economic and environmental sense.
Recycling e-waste is practiced both formally and informally.Proper or formal e-waste recycling usually involves taking apart the electronics，separating and sorting through the materials and cleaning panies must obey health and safety rules to reduce the health and environmental hazards of handling e-waste by using pollution-control technologies.All this makes formal recycling expensive.Informal recycling is typically unlicensed and uncontrolled.At informal recycling workshops，men and women recover valuable materials by burning devices to melt away non-valuable materials.Usually they do not wear protective equipment and lack any awareness that they are handling dangerous materials.
With the amount of e-waste growing around the world，recycling alone will not be enough to solve the problem.In order to reduce e-waste，manufacturers need to design electronics that are safer，and more durable，repairable and recyclable.The best thing you can do is resist buying a new device until you really need it.Try to get your old product repaired if possible and，if it can't be fixed，resell or recycle it responsibly.Before you recycle your device，put any broken parts in separate containers and close these tightly to prevent chemicals from leaking.Wear latex gloves and a mask if you're handling something that's broken.
26. Which of the following is a reason for e-waste's sharp increasing？ ______
A. The falling of devices' quality.
B. The results of updating devices.
C. The methods of recycling e-waste.
D. The shortage of protective equipment.
27. What makes recycling e-waste meaningful according to the text？ ______
A. Increasing the variety of electronic products.
B. Lowering the costs of technology innovation.
C. Relieving the lack of the raw materials.
D. Improving the poor quality of e-devices.
28. What is the meaning of the underlined word "hazards" in paragraph 4？ ______
A. Influence. B. Harm. C. Limits. D. Costs.
29. What can we know about informal recycling workshops from paragraph 4？ ______
A. They are blamed for shortening the lifespan of devices.
B. Their ways of reusing waste are sometimes encouraged.
C. They aim to discover rare materials from waste for new products.
D. Their workers are unaware of the danger from dealing with devices.
30. What does the author want to convey in the last paragraph？ ______
A. Everyone should take action to reduce e-waste.
B. Companies should be mainly responsible for reducing e-waste.
C. Fixing a device could cause more pollution than buying a new one.
D. E-waste could be broken down by burying it underground for a long time.
D
Human beings have always had an ability to attend to several things at once.Nor is electronic multitasking entirely new!We've been driving while listening to car radios since they became popular in the 1930s.But there is no doubt that multitasking has reached a kind of warp speed in the era of Web-enabled computers，when it has become routine to conduct several IM（即时通讯） conversations.watch TV and use the computer all at once.
But what's the impact of this media consumption？And how are these multitasking devices changing how kids learn，reason and communicate with one another？Social scientists and educators are just beginning to deal with these questions，but the researchers already have some strong opinions.
Although multitasking kids may be better prepared in some ways for today's fast-paced work placed，many scientists are positively alarmed by the trend.Kids that are instant messaging while doing homework，playing games online and watching TV，aren't going to do well in the long run.On the positive side，multitasking students tend to be extraordinarily good at finding and using information.And probably because modern children childhood centers around visual（视觉的） rather than print media，they are especially skilled at analyzing visual data and images.
Many educators and psychologists say parents need to actively insure that their teenagers break free of uncontrollable engagement with screens and spend time in the physical company of human beings—a growing challenge not just because technology offers such a handy option but because so many teenagers and college students say over-committed（任务过量的） schedules drives much of their multitasking.
Just as important is for parents and educator to teach kids that it's valuable.even essential.to occasionally slow down，unplugs and take time to enjoy life beyond the screen.
31. What is the main idea of this passage？ ______
A. How is multitasking defined in the information age？
B. How do people see new technology and the social change it brings about？
C. How does technology change modern family life？
D. What's the impact of multitasking on young people？
32. The expression " warp speed " in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to ______ .
A. low speed B. high speed
C. steady speed D. too much time alone
33. According to some teenagers and college students，what causes their multitasking？ ______
A. Too much tasks and arrangements. B. Too much time alone.
C. Inability to focus. D. Fear of being neglected.
34. According to the passage，which of the following statement is TRUE？ ______
A. Humans have begun to engage in the multitasking behaviors since the information age.
B. Multitasking is a critical skill that students are required to learn at school.
C. Only parents can help their kids to get rid of the multitasking habits.
D. Multitasking may prepare students for the reality of today's fast-paced work environment.
35. What do educators and psychologist advise parents to do about their multitasking kids？ ______
A. To cut off home internet connection.
B. To seek medical treatment.
C. To encourage their kids to have some social life.
D. To help their kids to set personal goals.
三、完形填空（本大题共8小题，共30.0分）
A little girl lived in a simple and poor house on a hill．Usually she(36)play in the small garden．She could see over the garden fence and across the valley a wonderful house with shining golden windows high on another hill．(37)she loved her parents and her family，she desired to live in such a house and(38)all day about how wonderful and exciting (39)must feel to live there．
At the age when she gained some (40)skill and sensibility（识别力），she(41)her mother for a bike ride (42)the garden．Her mother finally allowed her to go，(43)her keeping close to the house and not (44)too far．The day was beautiful．The little girl knew(45)where she was heading!(46)the hill and across the valley，she rode to the(47)of the golden house．
36. ______ she got off her bike and put it against the gate post，she focused on the path （14） ______ to the house and then on the house itself．She was very disappointed when she（15） ______ that all the windows were （16） ______ and rather dirty．
So（17） ______ and heart-broken，she didn't go any further．She（18） ______ ，and all of a sudden she saw an amazing （19） ______ ．There on the other side of the valley was a little house and its windows were golden．Looking at her little home，she（20） ______ that she had been living in her golden house filled with love and care．Everything she dreamed was right there in front of her house．
（1）A． might B． should C． would D． must
（2）A． Unless B． Although C． Since D． But
（3）A． dreamed B． worried C． asked D． shouted
（4）A． this B． that C． it D． which
（5）A． different B． scientific C． musical D． basic
（6）A． begged B． blamed C． invited D． paid
（7）A． inside B． outside C． through D． along
（8）A． insisting on B． relying on C． arguing about D． wondering about
（9）A． traveling B． running C． riding D． walking
（10）A． madly B． rapidly C． exactly D． possibly
（11）A． Over B． Down C． Around D． Beside
（12）A． windows B． steps C． center D． gate
（13）A． Until B． As C． While D． Because
37. A. getting B. introducing C. leading D. moving
38. A. felt B. learned C. concluded D. found
39. A. transported B. bright C. plain D. wide
40. A. anxious B. angry C. serious D. sad
41. A. turned around B. cheered up C. settled down D. dropped in
42. A. hill B. valley C. background D. sight
43. A. imagined B. decided C. realized D. guessed
四、阅读表达（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
44. Life on the street is a constant struggle for homeless people.In extreme weather conditions，that struggle becomes even more difficult.Recently，homeless people across Chicago faced freezing to death if they couldn't find shelter for the night.
Thankfully，one local woman refused to let that happen.On January 30，34-year-old Candice Payne，a local managing broker，was lucky enough to have shelter from the dangerous conditions."It was -20℃，and I knew they were going to be sleeping on ice and I had to do something，"said Payne.Payne started brainstorming different ways she could possibly help.Finally，she decided to see if there were any rooms available at local inns and hotels that she could get to help those stuck on the street.
For Payne，her mission was personal.According to Payne，her husband，Carlos Callahan，had lived on the street at one point in his life.Based on his experience，Payne knew that the homeless people still living on the street desperately needed help and she wanted to step up.
However，when Payne explained what she was trying to do，many of the local hotels refused to allow her to pay for the rooms as they didn't want homeless people to stay in their rooms."No one wanted them，but one hotel，the Amber Inn，was nice enough to allow me to buy the rooms，"said Payne.
Payne's selfless act made news across the country.However，she insisted she had never done it for attention."I am a regular person，"said Payne，who spent thousands of dollars of her own money to help complete strangers."It all sounded like a rich person did this，but I'm just a little black girl from the South Side."
(1) What was the biggest problem homeless people had when extreme weather came？（no more than 10 words） ______
(2) Why was Candice Payne determined to help homeless people？（no more than 10 words） ______
(3) How did Candice Payne help the homeless people？（no more than 8 words） ______
(4) What does the underlined part mean in the last paragraph？（no more than 3 words） ______
(5) What do you think of Payne？Please give your reasons.（no more than 20 words） ______
五、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
45. 假设你是晨光中学的学生李津。你的英国笔友Chris的学校将要举办一场"Amazing China"中国展活动，在筹备过程中，他写信向你寻求建议。请根据以下提示给他写一封回信。
（1）建议他介绍一种有关中国文化的活动（如中国诗词大会、中国戏曲表演等）；
（2）给出建议该活动的理由；
（3）表达美好祝愿。
注意：
（1）词数不少于100；
（2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；
（3）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：
中国诗词大会Chinese Poetry Competition
中国戏曲表演Chinese Opera Performance
Dear Chris，
_______
Yours， Li Jin
答案和解析
1.【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词用法．a nurse与appoint（任命）之间是被动关系，故用过去分词短语作的定语，从而排除B选项，to do 表示动作还未发生，排除A选项，having done现在分词的完成式一般不作定语用．
句意：残疾的Annie Salmon 在整个上学期间都是由一名被指定的护士来照顾她的．
解答此类题目首先要分析出分词在句子做后置定语的用法，然后判断分词与所修饰的名词是什么关系，如果是主动用doing，被动用done，to do表示动作还没发生．
2.【答案】C
【解析】考查从属连词辨析。句意：——我今晚出去你介意吗？——只要你提前让我知道，我不介意你做什么。ever since自从；in case以防，万一；as long as只要； even though即使。根据语境，“只要”你提前让我知道，我就不介意，故选C。
3.【答案】D
【解析】A.benefits益处；B.contribution贡献；C.demand要求；D.effects影响。根据句意"国家的环境不仅会因为旅游业的突然增长而受到影响，而且人民也会很快地感受到它的影响。"空处意思应该是"影响"，D项正确。
故选：D。
国家的环境不仅会因为旅游业的突然增长而受到影响，而且人民也会很快地感受到它的影响。
考查名词的词义辨析，弄清楚各个名词的词义，准确地翻译句子及备选答案，然后选择最符合题意的选项。
4.【答案】C
【解析】A.hold back阻碍；B.move on继续前进；C.catch up赶上；D.get across被人了解。根据句意"我们的祖先曾享受过大自然的治愈力量，现在科学家们开始迎头赶上。"空处意思应该是"赶上"，C项正确。
故选：C。
我们的祖先曾享受过大自然的治愈力量，现在科学家们开始迎头赶上。
考查动词短语词义辨析。弄清楚各个动词短语的词义，准确地翻译句子及备选答案，然后选择最符合题意的选项。
5.【答案】A
【解析】A.even甚至；B.still仍然；C.also也；D.yet仍然。根据句意"表情符号能使沟通变得更友好，甚至严肃的语气也能用一个鼓励的微笑得以缓和。"空处意思应该是"甚至"，A项正确。
故选：A。
表情符号能使沟通变得更友好，甚至严肃的语气也能用一个鼓励的微笑得以缓和。
考查副词词义辨析，弄清楚各个副词的含义并区别各个副词之间的差异，了解某些副词的特殊用法，然后结合语境选择正确答案。
6.【答案】C
【解析】A.safety安全；B.shelter庇护；C.relief减轻；D.defense防卫。根据句意"--你感觉好点了吗，露西？ --是的。医生给我吃的药减轻了我的头痛。"空处意思应该是"减轻"，C项正确。
故选：C。
--你感觉好点了吗，露西？
--是的。医生给我吃的药减轻了我的头痛。
考查名词的词义辨析，弄清楚各个名词的词义，准确地翻译句子及备选答案，然后选择最符合题意的选项。
7.【答案】D
【解析】A.slightly稍微；B.originally起初；C.temporarily暂时地；D.properly正确地。根据句意"学校生活教育的核心在于引导学生恰当处理人际关系。"空处意思应该是"恰当地"，D项正确。
故选：D。
学校生活教育的核心在于引导学生恰当处理人际关系。
考查副词词义辨析，弄清楚各个副词的含义并区别各个副词之间的差异，了解某些副词的特殊用法，然后结合语境选择正确答案。
8.【答案】D
【解析】A.precious宝贵的；B.efficient有效的；C.relevant相关的；D.accurate准确的。根据句意可知，此处为形容词accurate"准确的"作表语，满足句意要求。
故选：D。
我一直相信印刷媒体通常比电视更准确、更可靠。
解题时要区分清选择项的含义与区别，再联系句意进行判断，从而选出正确答案。考生做此类题型，要分析句子结构，理解句意，考虑语境，选择恰当词。切忌：粗心大意，惯性判断。要注意细心分析验证，得出答案。
9.【答案】B
【解析】A.it它，指代上文的同名同物；B.one可以替代表泛指的单数名词，同名异物；C.the one可以替代表特指的单数名词，同名异物；D.this这个，为指示代词，一般不指代上文提到的事物。分析句子可知，that引导定语从句，横线处为先行词，横线处指代上文提到的a wonderful present，为表示泛指的单数名词，且不是同一个物品，应用代词one。
故选：B。
为了给她45岁的生日留下深刻的印象，我打算给她买一份精美的礼物，一份不贵但很有意义的礼物。
本题考查简单不定代词，one/the one/that/those替代上文出现的事物为常考考点，要认真区别用法并结合语境正确作答。
10.【答案】B
【解析】A.beyond超过；B.through穿过；C.down 沿着……而下；D.against反对。根据句意"他突然发现房间对面有一位老朋友，于是他从人群中挤过去。"空处意思应该是"穿过"，B项正确。
故选：B。
他突然发现房间对面有一位老朋友，于是他从人群中挤过去。
考查介词，弄清楚各个介词的含义并区别各个介词之间的差异，了解某些介词的特殊用法，然后结合语境选择正确答案。
11.【答案】B
【解析】A.it's not your business不关你的事情；B.it sounds like a good idea听起来是个好主意；C.I couldn't agree more再同意不过了；D.don't jump to conclusions不要贸然下结论。根据句意"我不这么认为，但是听起来是个好主意"可知用it sounds like a good idea。
故选：B。
---你能在咖啡馆外面用餐吗？
---我不这么认为，但是听起来是个好主意。
解题时要区分清选择项的含义与区别，再联系句意进行判断，从而选出正确答案。考生做此类题型，要分析句子结构，理解句意，考虑语境，选择恰当词。切忌：粗心大意，惯性判断。要注意细心分析验证，得出答案。
12.【答案】B
【解析】题干是一个对话，主要考查针对问句中情态动词must的回答，根据答语中的关键信息"if he has something else to do"可知他不必去，所以空格中要填needn't。选项A.mustn't：禁止；选项C.shouldn't：不应该；选项D.can't不能，很明显不符合题意。
故选：B。
——伊桑问是否他必须参加明天的会议。
——嗯，如果他有别的事情要做就不必了。
首先分析题干，弄清楚题干想要表达的意思，然后找出句子主干，分析空格部分在题干中的功能，从题干中寻找关键信息，根据关键信息确定准确答案。
13.【答案】B
【解析】A.in case of防备；B.in place of代替，取代；C.on behalf of代表；D.in exchange for交换。根据句意"北京女孩尚琳决定从军而不是演戏，为了当兵，她增重了10公斤。"空处意思应该是"代替，取代"，B项正确。
故选：B。
北京女孩尚琳决定从军而不是演戏，为了当兵，她增重了10公斤。
考查介词短语，弄清楚各个介词短语的含义并区别各个介词短语之间的差异，了解某些介词短语的特殊用法，然后结合语境选择正确答案。
14.【答案】A
【解析】答案：A，考查动词，treat与句子主语之间构成被动关系，相当于if he was treated in a proper way．结合句意，医生说如果能得到合适的治疗，他有可能会救过来．
故选：A．
-地震中受伤的那个人怎么样了？
-医生说如果能得到合适的治疗，他有可能会救过来．
本题题型为单词填空．在选择给定词语时，再考虑大意的前提下，还应该注意句子所用的时态，以及所填写的词在句子中的位置．通过这些判断，适当改变词汇形式，以符合题目要求．
15.【答案】A
【解析】A.By all means当然可以；B.By no means决不；C.I'll take it我买了；D.My pleasure别客气。根据句意"--玛丽，请你把新来的人领到办公室好吗？ --当然可以。我现在有空。"空处意思应该是"当然可以"，A项正确。
故选：A。
--玛丽，请你把新来的人领到办公室好吗？
--当然可以。我现在有空。
语言交际是灵活多变的，要注意根据语言环境具体问题具体分析。要做好这类题，需从以下三个方面着手：1.仔细审题，明确大意：首先要仔细审题，即在对话不完整的情况下，尽量弄懂该篇对话的大意和情景（如购物、看病、问路和应答、约会、口语应用等）。2.分析对话，试填答案：在解题过程中，要根据具体语境和上下文，分析对话中所缺部分、判断所缺的句子。3.全文复读，融会贯通：在试填好答案之后，应从头至尾再把对话读一遍，按照对话情境，中心内容，推理判断。
16~20.【答案】D、B、C、C、B
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段It was launched in 2011 as the first national competition for the emerging professional music theater soloist （独唱者）.NMTC has provided industry connections for past competitors and winners that have led to their success on Broadway and other venues.（它于2011年推出，是第一届全国性的新兴职业音乐剧院独奏比赛。NMTC为过去的竞争对手和获胜者提供了行业联系，这使他们在百老汇和其他场所取得了成功）可推知，举办全国音乐戏剧比赛的目的是寻找有音乐天赋的人。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据Prizes （each prize only for a person）部分的The runner-up：＄ 2，500 plus a ＄500 Gift Certificate from Hal Leonard.（亚军：2500美元外加Hal Leonard赠送的500美元礼券）可知，第二名会获得2500美元的奖金和500美元礼券。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据Entrance Procedure部分All application materials must be submitted by September 15，2023.（所有申请材料必须在2023年9月15日前提交）可知，参加比赛的要求之一是按时提交申请材料。故选C。
（4）细节理解题。根据Where to Audition部分The preliminary （预选的） round（预选赛）和Semifinal and final rounds（半决赛和决赛）可知，比赛总共有三轮。故选C。
（5）推理判断题。根据第一段的The 2024 National Music Theater Competition （NMTC） will be held.It was launched in 2011 as the first national competition for the emerging professional music theater soloist （独唱者）.NMTC has provided industry connections for past competitors and winners that have led to their success on Broadway and other venues.（2024年全国音乐剧院大赛（NMTC）将举行。它于2011年推出，是第一届全国性的新兴职业音乐剧院独奏比赛。NMTC为过去的竞争对手和获胜者提供了行业联系，这使他们在百老汇和其他场所取得了成功）和Qualification部分Singers aged from 20 to 28 as of September 15，2023.（截至2023年9月15日，年龄在20岁至28岁之间的歌手）并结合Prizes部分的叙述推知，作者写作本文的目的是吸引年轻歌手来参加比赛。故选B。
本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了全国音乐戏剧大赛。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
21~25.【答案】B、C、C、A、D
【解析】（1）观点态度题。根据第一段I found my hands began to sweat；my heart beat hard.I wanted to yell， "No!Why would you suggest that？I thought we were friends!" I hated picnics.（我发现我的手开始出汗；我的心跳得很厉害。我想大喊："不！你为什么这么建议？我以为我们是朋友！"我讨厌野餐。）可知，作者讨厌野餐，不明白凯西为什么要建议去野餐，由此可知，作者对凯西的建议持反对态度。故选B项。
（2）推理判断题。根据第二段There were never any toilets，so we had to "go" behind a bush；the memory of being discovered by a random dog-walker still embarrasses me from time to time. （从来没有厕所，所以我们不得不"走"到灌木丛后面；被一个遛狗者发现的记忆仍然不时让我感到尴尬。）和But for me this was a time when I suffered a lot.It was frightening to be attacked by ants or spot a dead rabbit in the grass.（但对我来说，这是一个让我痛苦的时刻。被蚂蚁袭击或在草丛中发现一只死兔子都很可怕。）可知，作者讨厌野外环境，没有厕所，令人尴尬，怕被蚂蚁袭击或在草丛中发现一只死兔子，由此可知，从作者童年的野餐经历中可以推断出她认为野外环境令人不快。故选C项。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段As an adult I'd avoided all picnics，but this time I couldn't.I just said yes，without letting Kathy sense my true feeling about them.She is my best friend and sometimes you must make sacrifices for people you like a lot.（作为一个成年人，我避免了所有的野餐，但这次我不能。我只是答应了，没有让凯西感受到我对野餐的真实感受。她是我最好的朋友，有时你必须为你非常喜欢的人做出牺牲。）可知，凯西是作者最好的朋友，所以作者不想伤害她的感情，愿意为她做出牺牲，答应了野餐邀请，由此可知，作者接受了凯西的野餐邀请，因为她不想伤害凯西的感情。A．Because she liked the picnic place.因为她喜欢野餐的地方；B．Because her family wanted to have the picnic.因为她的家人想要野餐；C．Because she didn't want to hurt Kathy's feelings.因为她不想伤害凯西的感情；D．Because Kathy promised her a good picnic.因为凯西答应让她好好野餐。故选C项。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段There was fresh bread，olives，even candles to keep away insects，music，and wine.It was completely delightful.There may have been children playing around too，even if one of them did find a dead bird （told you!）.I am now a picnic enthusiast and we're planning another.（那里有新鲜的面包、橄榄，甚至还有用来防虫的蜡烛、音乐和葡萄酒。这真是令人愉快。可能也有孩子在附近玩耍，即使其中一个确实发现了一只死鸟（告诉过你！）。我现在是一个野餐爱好者，我们正在计划另一个野餐。）可知，凯西夫妇为野餐准备了丰富的食物、甚至还有用来防虫的蜡烛，选择的野餐地点也很惬意，让作者感到愉快，由此可知，凯西和她的丈夫是很棒的野餐组织者。故选A项。
（5）推理判断题。根据第一段I found my hands began to sweat；my heart beat hard.I wanted to yell， "No!Why would you suggest that？I thought we were friends!" I hated picnics."（我发现我的手开始出汗；我的心跳得很厉害。我想大喊："不！你为什么这么建议？我以为我们是朋友！"我讨厌野餐。）和最后一段关键句I am now a picnic enthusiast and we're planning another."（我现在是一个野餐爱好者，我们正在计划另一个野餐。）可知，文章讲述了作者因为童年野餐不愉快的经历，不喜欢野餐，但在朋友组织的一次野餐中，她感受到了野餐的乐趣，并成为了一个野餐爱好者，由此可知，作者写这篇文章是为了描述她改变了对野餐的态度。A．To remember an unforgettable trip.记住一次难忘的旅行；B．To record her memories of family picnics.记录下她家庭野餐的记忆；C．To express her thanks to her friend Kathy.来表达她对她朋友凯西的感谢；D．To describe her changed attitude to picnics描述她对野餐态度的改变。故选D项。
短文主要写了作者对野餐的厌恶和恐惧，以及作者在朋友的邀请下不得不参加野餐的经历。作者从小就对野餐感到厌恶，因为经常晕车，而且没有空调，还要在没有厕所的地方解决生理需求。作者成年后一直避免参加野餐，但这次作者为了朋友的缘故勉强答应了。然而，这次野餐的经历完全改变了作者对野餐的看法，现在作者已经成为一个野餐的爱好者，并计划参加更多的野餐活动。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
26~30.【答案】B、C、B、D、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段What is causing the upsurge （激增）in e-waste？Technology is becoming more and more widespread，covering almost every aspect of our lives.Meanwhile，the lifespan of devices is getting shorter - many products will be thrown away once their batteries die，to be replaced by new devices.（是什么导致了电子垃圾的激增？技术越来越普及，几乎覆盖了我们生活的方方面面。与此同时，设备的寿命越来越短--许多产品一旦电池耗尽，就会被扔掉，换成新的设备。）可知电子垃圾急剧增加的原因是更新设备的结果。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段As more people buy electronic equipment，manufacturers（制造商）are beginning to face shortages of the raw material needed to make their products，so recycling and reusing materials from discarded（废弃的）products and waste makes economic and environmental sense.（随着越来越多的人购买电子设备，制造商开始面临生产其产品所需原材料的短缺，因此从废弃产品和废物中回收和再利用材料具有经济和环保意义）可知，缺乏原材料使得回收电子垃圾变得有意义，故选C。
（3）词义猜测题。根据第四段Companies must obey health and safety rules to reduce the health and environmental hazards of handling e-waste by using pollution-control technologies.（公司必须遵守健康和安全规则，通过使用污染控制技术来减少处理电子垃圾对健康和环境的危害。）可知"hazards"意思是"危害"，结合选项：A．Influence影响；B．Harm伤害；C．Limits限制；D．Costs成本。故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据第四段Usually they do not wear protective equipment and lack any awareness that they are handling dangerous materials.（他们通常不穿戴防护设备，也不知道自己在处理危险品。）可知非正式回收车间的工人没有意识到处理设备的危险。故选D。
（5）推理判断题。根据最后一段With the amount of e-waste growing around the world，recycling alone will not be enough to solve the problem.In order to reduce e-waste，manufacturers need to design electronics that are safer，and more durable，repairable and recyclable.The best thing you can do is resist buying a new device until you really need it.（随着全球电子垃圾数量的不断增加，光是回收利用还不足以解决这个问题。为了减少电子垃圾，制造商需要设计更安全、更耐用、可修复和可回收的电子产品。你能做的最好的事情就是在你真的需要它之前，抵制购买新设备。）可知大家都要采取行动减少电子垃圾。故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了电子垃圾的现状，电子垃圾的激增的原因，和解决的办法。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
31~35.【答案】D、B、A、D、C
【解析】（1）主旨大意题。根据文章第二段But what's the impact of this media consumption？And how are these multitasking devices changing how kids learn，reason and communicate with one another？（但是这种媒体消费的影响是什么呢？这些多重任务设备如何改变孩子的学习、推理和交流方式呢？）可知，本文主要讲述的是多重任务对孩子的影响。故选D。
（2）词句猜测题。根据划线短语"warp speed"的后文内容when it has become routine to conduct several IM （即时通讯） conversations，watch TV and use the computer all at once.（同时进行几次即时通讯对话、看电视和使用电脑已成为惯例）可知，多重任务处理已经成为了惯例，故此处的"warp speed"与B项"高速"意思相近，A.low speed低速；B.high speed高速；C.steady speed稳定的速度；D.too much time alone太多时间独处。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段a growing challenge not just because technology offers such a handy option but because many teenagers and college students say over-committed （任务过量的） schedules drives much of their multitasking.（这是一个越来越大的挑战，不仅仅因为科技提供了如此方便的选择，还因为许多青少年和大学生表示过度任务的日程安排在很大程度上推动了他们的多任务处理）可知，导致青少年和大学生多重任务处理是因为他们每天太多的任务和安排。故选A。
（4）细节理解题。根据文章第三段Although multitasking kids may be better prepared in some ways for today's fast-paced work placed，many scientists are positively alarmed by the trend.（尽管在谋学方面，多任务处理的孩子可能会为当今快节奏的工作做好更好的准备，但许多科学家对这一趋势感到震惊）可知，多重任务处理的孩子可以为当今快节奏的工作环境做好准备。故选D。
（5）细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段Many educators and psychologists say parents need to actively insure that their teenagers break free of uncontrollable engagement with screens and spend time in the physical company of human beings （许多教育工作者和心理学家表示，父母需要积极确保他们的青少年摆脱对屏幕的无法控制的接触，花时间与人在一起接触）可知，教育工作者和心理学家建议父母应该鼓励孩子摆脱屏幕，多与人接触，有一些社交生活。故选C。
本文为一篇说明文。文章讲述了在当今网络计算机时代，出现了多重任务处理的现象，文章主要讲述了多重任务对于孩子的影响。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
36~43.【答案】C、B、A、C、D、A、B、A
【解析】41-45CBACD 46-50ABACC 51-55BDBCD 56-60CDADC
41．C．考查句意理解．would表示"过去常常"．根据句意可知她经常在花园玩球；故选C
42．B．考查句意理解．句意：尽管她爱父母和家人，但她渴望住在那样的房子里并整天都在做梦住在那里一定会感觉多么美好和兴奋．根据前后句关系判断．Unless除非；although尽管，虽然；since既然，自从；but但是．
43．A 考查动词辨析．根据句意尽管她爱父母和家人，但她渴望住在那样的房子里并整天都在做梦住在那里一定会感觉多么美好和兴奋进行判断，此处是"梦想"．dream about梦想；be worried about担忧；ask about询问；shout大喊，不与abut连用．
44．C 考查名词辨析．about后是宾语从句，从句中缺少形式主语，只有it可作形式主语．
45．D 考查形容词辨析．different不同的；scientific科学的；musical音乐的；basic基本的．basic skill and sensibility基本的技能和识别力．
46．A 考查动词辨析．beg乞求；blam责备；invite邀请；pay支付，付钱．根据句意应是"乞求母亲进行一次骑自行车兜风"．
47．B 考查句意理解．因为garden不是自己的，故只能在花园外进行兜风．inside在…的里面；outside在…的外面；through通过；along沿着．
48．A 考查动词短语辨析．句意：她妈妈最后允许她去，坚持要求要不要远离房子，不要走太远．insist on坚持要求；rely on依赖；argue about争论；wonder about困惑不解．因为小女孩的年龄尚小，母亲肯定会要求孩子不要远离家．
49．C 考查动词辨析．根据a bike ride判断答案她是骑车的．
52．C 考查副词辨析．句意：小女孩确切地知道自己要去哪里．madly发疯地；rapidly快速地；exactly确切地、清楚地；possibly可能地．exactly know清楚地知道
51．B 考查句意理解．over在…的正上方，超越；down沿着，向下；around在…周围，围绕；beside在…的旁边．根据空后的valley，判断是"沿着小山向下"．
52．D 考查名词辨析．根据下一段的首句中的the gate post判断．
53．B 考查句意理解．句意：当她下自行车，并把车子靠在门框上时，她注意到这条道通向…．As"当…时候"，引导时间状语从句，while"在…期间"，引导时间状语从句时，从句的谓语动词必须是延续性的动词，此处的get off是非延续性动词，故选B．
54．C 考查动词辨析．当她下自行车，并把车子靠在门框上时，她注意到这条道通向…．．lead to通向，导致；get to到达；introduce to介绍；move to移向．
55．D 考查动词辨析．feel感觉；learn学会，知道；conclude得出结论；find发现．根据空前的disappointed感到失望的进行判断，仅仅是"发现"．
56．C 考查形容词辨析．transparent 透明；bright明亮的；plain平淡无奇的，朴素的，家常的；wide宽阔的．根据前面的disappointed和后文的dirty判断．
57．D 考查形容词辨析．根据上段的最后一句话中的dirty和broken以及空后的heartbroken判断．anxious焦急的；angry生气的；serious严肃的，认真的；sad悲伤的．
58．A 考查动词短语辨析．turned around转过身来；cheered up加油；settled down 安顿下来；dropped in顺便拜访．根据后文中的the other side判断是"转过身来"．
59．D 考查名词辨析．sight用眼可以看到的景象；background背景；valley山谷；hill小山．虽然前文中有valley和hill，但此处是"an amazing sight"令人惊喜的景象．
60．C 考查动词辨析．imagined想象；decided决定；realized意识到；guessed猜测．根据文章最后一句话的结论，应该是"认识到"．
本文主要叙述一位小姑娘梦想成真，感知幸福的故事．小姑娘梦想住在一处好房子里，人们都在寻梦，其实幸福就在自己的不远处，甚至就在自己的眼底下，而自己却浑然不知．
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意，一篇完形填空的文章会有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一遍，才能大概了解文章内容，千万不要看一句，做一句．其次要逐句分析，前后一致，选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等．这篇完型要多注意：填空时多联系上下文，注意固定搭配，答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确．
44.【答案】【小题1】They faced freezing to death without shelter for the night.或They may freeze to death staying outside for the night.
【小题2】She knew homeless people's struggle from her husband's past experience.或She knew the homeless desperately needed help.
【小题3】By buying hotel rooms for them.或By paying for hotel rooms for them.或She paid for/bought hotel rooms for them.
【小题4】Was known.或Became famous.或Drew public's attention。
【小题5】She is a warm-hearted person，because she cares about homeless people and tries her best to help them.
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句Recently，homeless people across Chicago faced freezing to death if they couldn't find shelter for the night.（最近，艺加哥各地的无家可归者如果找不到过夜的地方，就会面临被冻死的危险）可知，芝加哥各地的无家可归者面临的最大的问题就是如果夜里找不到过夜的地方，就会被冻死。故答案为They faced freezing to death without shelter for the night.或They may freeze to death staying outside for the night.
（2）推理判断题。根据文章第三段For Payne，her mission was personal.According to Payne，her husband，Carlos Callahan，had lived on the street at one point in his life.Based on his experience，Payne knew that the homeless people still living on the street desperately needed help and she wanted to step up.（对佩恩来说，她的使命是个人的。据佩恩说，她的丈夫卡洛斯 卡拉汉一生中曾流落街头。根据他的经历，佩恩知道仍生活在街头的无家可归者迫切需要帮助，她想挺身而出。）可知，Payne之所以决定帮助这些无家可归的人，是因为从自己的丈夫之前的经历中，Payne知道这些人如果得不到帮助就很难存活下来。故答案为She knew homeless people's struggle from her husband's past experience.或She knew the homeless desperately needed help.
（3）细节理解题。根据文章第四段However，when Payne explained what she was trying to do，many of the local hotels refused to allow her to pay for the rooms as they didn't want homeless people to stay in their rooms."No one wanted them，but one hotel，the Amber Inn，was nice enough to allow me to buy the rooms，"said Payne.（然而，当佩恩解释她的意图时，当地的许多酒店拒绝让她支付房费，因为他们不想让无家可归的人住在他们的房间里。佩恩说："没有人想要他们，但有一家叫Amber Inn的酒店很好，让我买下了房间。"）可知，佩恩打算通过在旅馆买下房间或支付房费来提供给无家可归的人居住过夜从而帮助他们。故答案为By buying hotel rooms for them.或By paying for hotel rooms for them.或She paid for/bought hotel rooms for them.
（4）词句猜测题。根据后面句子However，she insisted she had never done it for attention.（然而，她坚称自己这么做绝不是为了引起注意）中的however可知，前后存在转折关系。由此推断，划线词所在句子表达的意思是"佩恩的无私行为在全国范围内获得了关注"。因此，划线单词表示"出名；获得关注"。故答案为Was known.或Became famous.或Drew public's attention.
（5）开放题。阅读全文可知，本文主要讲述了一位普通的芝加哥女士佩恩受到她的丈夫的经历的触动，为防止无家可归者在大街上被冻死，决定为他们订旅馆房间的故事。由此判断，佩恩是一个热心人，她关心那些无家可归者并尽自己的最大努力帮助他们。故答案为She is a warm-hearted person，because she cares about homeless people and tries her best to help them.
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位普通的芝加哥女士受到她的丈夫的经历的触动，为防止无家可归者在大街上被冻死，决定为他们订旅馆的房间。她的无私善举传遍全国。
阅读表达，要求学生在阅读理解的基础上，根据短文后的题目，在文中找到相关的内容，并用简洁、准确的句子，将理解的内容，书面表达出来。做题时，注意表达的内容不要超出规定的字数。
45.【答案】Dear Chris，
Learning that you are preparing for the China Exhibition named "Amazing China"，I'm writing to suggest that you introduce the Chinese Poetry Competition.【高分句型一】It has been successfully held for several times at CCTV.（建议他介绍一种有关中国文化的活动）
On the one hand，there are many foreigners who are interested in ancient Chinese poetry，so I believe this topic will attract the attention of the teachers and students of your school，making them learn more about Chinese traditional culture through this activity.【高分句型二】On the other hand，I am very familiar with poetry and can offer you help when necessary.（给出建议该活动的理由）
I sincerely hope that the event will be a successful one.Looking forward to your good news.（表达美好祝愿）
Yours， Li Jin
【解析】高分句型一：Learning that you are preparing for the China Exhibition named "Amazing China"，I'm writing to suggest that you introduce the Chinese Poetry Conference.
翻译：得知你们正在筹备"神奇中国"中国展，我写信是想建议你们介绍一下中国诗歌大会。
分析：本句运用了that引导的宾语从句和过去分词named "Amazing China"作定语。
高分句型二：On the one hand，there are many foreigners who are interested in ancient Chinese poetry，so I believe this topic will attract the attention of the teachers and students of your school，making them learn more about Chinese traditional culture through this activity.
翻译：一方面，有很多外国人对中国古代诗歌感兴趣，所以我相信这个话题会引起贵校师生的注意，让他们通过这次活动更多地了解中国传统文化。
分析：本句运用了who引导的定语从句。
这是一篇书信类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
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