资源简介 新教材人教版 英语必修第一册 WELCOME UNITWELCOME UNIT高频词汇 知识点清单WELCOME UNIT目录高频词汇精讲1. exchange n. 交换;交流 vt. 交换;交流;交易;兑换2. design n. 设计;设计方案;打算,目的 vt. 设计;筹划3. anxious adj. 焦虑的;不安的4. annoyed adj. 恼怒的;生气的5. frightened adj. 惊吓的;害怕的6. impression n. 印象;感想7. concentrate vi. & vt. 集中(注意力);聚精会神8. confident adj. 自信的;有把握的9. look forward to盼望;期待10. curious adj. 好奇的;求知欲强的高频词汇积累结构1. What if. . . 要是……会怎么样呢 结构2. find+宾语+宾语补足语结构3. either. . . or. . . 要么……要么……句子成分和基本句型一、句子成分1. 主语2. 谓语3. 表语4. 宾语5. 宾语补足语6. 定语7. 状语8. 同位语二、八种基本句型1. 主语+谓语(SV)2. 主语+系动词+表语(SP)3. 主语+谓语+宾语(SVO)4. 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语(S V IO DO)5. 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语(SVOC)6. 主语+谓语+状语(SVA)7. 主语+谓语+宾语+状语(SVOA)8. There be句型高频词汇精讲1. exchange n. 交换;交流 vt. 交换;交流;交易;兑换I'm an exchange student from the UK. 我是一名来自英国的交换生。(教材P2)情景导学Carpooling is when a driver offers to take passengers in exchange for some money for petrol.拼车就是司机主动提出载客来换取一些汽油费。(China Daily)What if we exchange more feelings and ideas with our parents at home 如果在家和我们的父母多交流情感和思想会怎么样呢 (写作—亲子沟通)You can exchange your money for dollars in the hotel.你可以在旅馆里将你的钱换成美元。用法归纳名①in exchange for 作为对……的交换②exchange students交换生动③exchange sth. with sb. 与某人交流/交换某物④exchange A for B把A兑换成/更换成B⑤exchange ideas交流思想词汇拓展exchangeable adj. 可交换的;可交易的;可兑换的;可更换的情景助记exchange的不同词义2. design n. 设计;设计方案;打算,目的 vt. 设计;筹划情景导学Do you think the building was burnt down by accident or by design 你认为这座建筑物是被意外烧毁的还是被故意烧毁的 Many columns of the English newspaper Youth are specially designed for senior high school students and they are designed to enrich our campus life.英文报Youth中的许多栏目是专门为高中生设计的,旨在丰富我们的校园生活 (2021全国新高考Ⅰ)用法归纳名① by design(=on purpose)故意地;有意地动②be designed for sth. /sb. 为某事/某物/某人设计的(主动语态design sth. for . . . )③be designed to do sth. 被设计用来做某事;目的是做某事(主动语态design sth. to do sth. )④be designed as. . . 被设计成……词汇拓展designer n. 设计师,设计者a fashion designer时装设计师3. anxious adj. 焦虑的;不安的I’m not outgoing so I'm a little anxious right now.我不外向,所以我现在有点焦虑。(教材P4)情景导学With the exam coming up, the teacher is anxious for the sick student.考试临近,老师担心那个生病的学生。We are anxious that we have no time to take notes. 我们担心我们没有时间记笔记。On seeing their father, the twins, who were anxious to get help, looked up at him with their eyesfilled with tears. 一看到他们的父亲,这对渴望得到帮助的双胞胎就热泪盈眶地抬头望着他。(读后续写—动作、神态描写)With graduation coming up, college students feel anxious about their future and are anxious fora well-paid job as soon as possible. 毕业临近,大学生们对未来感到焦虑,渴望尽快找到一份高薪的工作。用法归纳①be anxious to do sth. 渴望做某事②feel/be anxious about sth. 为某事忧虑/担心③feel/be anxious for sb. 为某人忧虑/担心④be anxious for sth. 非常希望得到某物⑤be anxious+ that 从句 担心/渴望……词汇拓展①anxiously adv. 焦虑地;忧虑地②anxiety n. 焦虑;渴望feelings of anxiety焦虑的情绪4. annoyed adj. 恼怒的;生气的情景导学We are often annoyed at/about/by lots of boring advertisements on the Internet.我们经常因互联网上很多无聊的广告而感到恼火。From the look on his face, I obviously feel he is very annoyed with/at me.从他脸上的表情,我明显感觉到他对我很恼火。I feel annoyed to find that I have to pay an extra charge for the breakfast.我发现我要为早餐额外付费,这让我很恼火。We were annoyed that he stormed out of the room and slammed the door without saying anything. 我们生气的是他气冲冲地走出房间,一声不吭地把门砰地关上。(读后续写—动作描写)用法归纳①be annoyed with/at sb. 生某人的气②be annoyed at/about/by sth. 因某事生气③feel/be annoyed to find/see. . . 因发现/看到……而恼火 ④be annoyed+ that 从句 恼怒的是……词汇拓展①annoy vt. 使恼怒;打扰It annoys/annoyed sb. to do sth. 做某事使某人恼火It annoys/annoyed sb. +that/when从句 使某人恼怒的是…… It annoys me to see people standing by in front of old people falling down.我看见人们面对跌倒的老人袖手旁观就心里不痛快。 It annoyed customers when they paid at such a high price but bought poor products.让顾客生气的是他们花了大价钱买到的东西却是劣质产品。(写作—投诉信)②annoying adj. 令人恼怒的;令人生气的③annoyance n. 烦恼;生气易混辨析annoyed 指人“感到恼怒的;感到生气的”,指人的主观感受,主要修饰人或人的表情、语气等annoying 指事物本身具有令人烦恼的特点,表示“令人恼怒的”5. frightened adj. 惊吓的;害怕的情景导学Jenny was frightened to walk through the forest, with her heart racing uncontrollably.珍妮不敢穿越森林,她的心脏难以控制地急速跳动起来。(读后续写—心理描写)I was frightened of being left alone in the house. 我害怕一个人被留在房子里。The little boy was nearly frightened to death, with his hands covering his ears and his mouth wide open. 小男孩快被吓死了,双手捂着耳朵,嘴巴张得大大的。(读后续写—动作描写)Many schools are frightened that smart phones might influence students' normal study.很多学校害怕智能手机可能影响学生的正常学习。(写作—手机的利弊)用法归纳①be frightened to do sth. 不敢做某事②be frightened of (doing) sth. 害怕做某事/害怕某事物③be frightened to death 被吓得要死④be frightened+ that 从句 害怕……词汇拓展①frighten v. 使惊吓;使惊恐frighten sb. into doing sth. 把某人吓得做某事frighten away/off把……吓跑;把……吓得不敢(做某事)②frightening adj. 可怕的;令人害怕的(常修饰物) The frightening scene in the film frightened her into crying. 电影中那可怕的一幕把她吓哭了。③fright n. 惊吓,恐怖;使人惊吓的经历易混辨析be frightened to do sth. 指不敢去做某件事情,通常指一次具体的行为be frightened of doing sth. 指习惯性地害怕做某件事情,偏向于表示通常的情况6. impression n. 印象;感想I want to make a good first impression. 我想(给人)留下一个好的第一印象。(教材P4)情景导学My English teacher makes/leaves a good impression on us by her rich knowledge and humorouslanguage. 我的英语老师以丰富的知识和幽默的语言给我们留下很好的印象。(写作—钦佩的人)用法归纳leave/make/create a/an. . . impression on sb. 给某人留下一个……的印象词汇拓展①impress vt. 使钦佩;给……留下深刻的好印象 vi. 留下印象;引人注目impress sb. by/with sth. 用某物/某事给某人留下深刻的好印象(被动语态be impressed by/with. . . 对……印象深刻;钦佩……)impress sth. on/upon sb. 使某人意识到某事的重要性或严重性等 After hearing Steve's playing, Naomi was deeply impressed by his music.听完史蒂夫的演奏后,内奥米对他的音乐印象深刻。(2019江苏) My teacher impressed the need for quick action upon/on us.我的老师让我们认识到快速采取行动的必要性。②impressive adj. 给人深刻印象的;令人敬佩的7. concentrate vi. & vt. 集中(注意力);聚精会神I couldn't concentrate on the experiment. 我无法集中注意力做实验。(教材P4)情景导学My English teacher is always encouraging us to concentrate our energy on our study for our dreams. 我的英语老师总是激励我们为了梦想把精力集中在学习上。(写作—钦佩的人)If you concentrate on studying English, you will master the language.如果你将精力集中在英语学习上,你就会掌握这门语言。(写作—英语学习)用法归纳①concentrate one's mind/attention/energy/efforts on (doing)sth.集中注意力/精力于某事;集中注意力/精力做某事②concentrate on (doing) sth. 集中时间做某事,全神贯注于某事词汇拓展concentration n. 专心;专注;关注;重视;集中;浓度concentration on(doing)sth. 对(做)某事的关注 There is a need for greater concentration on environmental issues.有必要更加关注环境问题。 (写作—环境保护)8. confident adj. 自信的;有把握的I feel much more confident than I felt this morning. 我感觉比今天早上自信多了。(教材P4)情景导学Tom, a new student at a school, is confident of making more friends.汤姆,一所学校的新生,有把握会交更多的朋友。I'm confident that I can help them better understand Chinese culture.我肯定可以帮助他们更好地了解中国文化。(写作—申请信)Ann is confident about her ability to become a designer in the near future.安相信自己有能力在不久的将来成为一名设计师。用法归纳①be confident about . . . 对……有信心②be confident of /about (doing) sth. 确信(能做)某事;对(做)……有把握③be confident+ that 从句 确信/肯定……词汇拓展①confidently adv. 有信心地②confidence n. 信心;把握with confidence 自信地;有把握地have(every)confidence in sb. /sth. 对某人/某事有(充分的)信心build up one's confidence建立某人的自信心 She has every confidence in her students' abilities. 她完全相信她的学生的能力。 To our surprise, he built up his confidence by taking part in the speech contest.令我们吃惊的是,他通过参加演讲比赛树立了自信心。9. look forward to盼望;期待Tom is looking forward to meeting the new exchange student.汤姆正盼望着见到这位新来的交换生。(教材P6)情景导学I'm looking forward to your early reply. 我期待着你的早日回复。(写作—结束语)用法归纳look forward to+名词/代词/动名词,其中to是 介 词。词汇拓展含介词to的短语还有:lead to导致;引起pay attention to注意stick to坚持contribute to有助于;促成get down to开始做;开始认真注意(或对待)某事be used to习惯于adapt (oneself) to适应(新情况)be devoted to献身于/致力于情景助记look短语 The person I look up to most is my English teacher, whose lecture is always interesting and meaningful.我最尊敬的人是我的英语老师,他/她的课总是很有趣且很有意义。 Don't look down on the children, as all of them can play musical instruments.不要瞧不起这些孩子,因为他们都会演奏乐器。 Live each day fully and you will look back on a life that made a difference.充实地过好每一天,当你回首人生,将会发现自己没有虚度年华。(写作—结尾升华)10. curious adj. 好奇的;求知欲强的I'm curious about everything. 我对一切都感到好奇。(教材P8)情景导学He was curious to know the fact about the UFO. 他真想知道不明飞行物的真相。She was curious about how the experts did it. 她好奇专家是如何做到的。(2020天津)It was curious that no one noticed the boy. 没有人注意到这个男孩,这很反常。用法归纳①be curious about . . . 对……感到好奇②be curious to do sth. 真想做某事③It is/was curious+ that 从句 ……是不寻常的。词汇拓展curiosity n. 好奇心out of curiosity出于好奇with curiosity=curiously adv. 好奇地 Just out of curiosity, she opened the letter. 她只是出于好奇打开了这封信。 She was looking at me with curiosity/curiously. 她好奇地看着我。高频词汇积累词汇 释义 用法&拓展lecture n. 讲座;讲课;教训vi. (开)讲座;讲课vt. 训斥(生义) attend a lecture 听课;听讲座deliver/give a lecture作演讲,作讲座register vt. & vi. 登记;注册 register for English classes注册英语课程registration n. 登记;注册;挂号nation n. 国家;民族;国民 national adj. 国家的;民族的 nationality n. 国籍;民族formal adj. 正式的;正规的 formally adv. 正式地;正规地反:informal adj. 非正式的senior adj. 级别(或地位)高的n. 较年长的人 be senior to. . . 比……职位高反:junior adj. 级别(或地位)低的 n. 职位较低者;青少年outgoing adj. 爱交际的;外向的 an outgoing personality 外向的性格leave. . . alone 不打扰;不惊动;不碰;不移动 leave me alone别打扰我leave her things alone 别碰她的东西awkward adj. 令人尴尬的;难对付的 awkwardly adv. 尴尬地awkwardness n. 尴尬explore vt. & vi. 探索;勘探 explore. . . for sth. 在……探索/勘探某物exploration n. 勘探explorer n. 勘探者organise vt. 组织;筹备;安排;组建vi. 组建;成立 organiser n. 组织者organisation n. 组织;团体;机构goal n. 目标;球门;射门(生义) achieve/attain/reach a goal 达到目标keep goal 守球门improve vi. & vt. 改进;改善 improvement n. 改善company n. 公司;商行;陪伴 keep pany 陪伴某人in company with sb. 和某人一起personality n. 性格;个性;名人(生义) a TV/sports personality电视圈/体育界名人近:character n. 个性;性格celebrity n. 名人结构1. What if. . . 要是……会怎么样呢 What if no one talks to me 要是没人跟我说话怎么办呢 (教材P4)情景导学What if we go on a trip to the Great Wall 我们去长城旅行怎么样 What if the only way of getting news from faraway friends was writing letters that took ages to bedelivered 要是只有通过写信并经过漫长的等待才能得知远方朋友的消息,会怎么样呢 (外研必修一)用法归纳What if. . . =What would happen if. . . 主要有以下两个用法:①表示假设常用于询问不愉快的事发生后的结果,意为“ 要是……怎么办/怎么样 ”,其后句子可用陈述语气(用一般现在时),也可用虚拟语气(用一般过去时或“should+动词原形”)。②用于提出建议What if. . . 用于提出建议时,意思是“ ……怎么样/如何 ”。结构2. find+宾语+宾语补足语I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful.我觉得我的大多数同学和老师都很友好且乐于助人。(教材P4)情景导学I find Chinese classics to be charming. 我发现中国名著很有魅力。(写作—中国名著)When he woke up, he found himself in hospital. 当他醒来时,他发现自己在医院里。When I studied abroad, I found myself living in a completely strange culture.当我出国留学时,我发现自己生活在一个完全陌生的文化中。(表示主动或正在进行)About a month ago, I was sailing, and towards night I found myself carried out to sea by astrong wind. 大约一个月前,我正在航行,傍晚时分,我发现自己被一阵强风刮到了大海上。(表示被动或完成) (人教必修三)用法归纳find+宾语(名词或代词)+宾语补足语的构成:结构拓展①当不定式短语作宾语时,为了保持句子的结构平衡,通常用it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语放在宾语补足语后面。构成“find+it+宾语补足语+真正的宾语”结构。 However, you will find it difficult to be smart online learners for some students without selfcontrol or learning goals. 然而,你会发现对于一些没有自制力也没有学习目标的学生来说做一个聪明的在线学习者是困难的。(2021全国乙)②若“find+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动形式,则原来的宾语变为主语,宾语补足语变为主语补足语。 The cook was fired as he was found smoking in the kitchen. 这个厨师因被发现在厨房吸烟而被开除了。结构3. either. . . or. . . 要么……要么……If I'm not in class, I'm either in the library or in the computer lab.如果我不上课,我要么在图书馆,要么在计算机实验室。(教材P8)情景导学Either you or I am wrong. 不是你错了,就是我错了。I'll take either the hat or the shoes. 我要么就选那顶帽子,要么就选那双鞋。People can either give Chinese knots as gifts to friends or hang them in their houses.人们可以把中国结作为礼物送给朋友,也可以挂在家里。Documentaries about China,produced either in China or in other countries,are becomingincreasingly popular among foreigners.关于中国的纪录片,无论是在中国还是在其他国家制作的,在外国人中都越来越受欢迎。(2020江苏)Either I follow you or I wait for you outside. 我要么跟着你要么在外面等你。用法归纳①either. . . or. . . 意为“要么……要么……;不是……就是……;或者……或者……”,常用来连接两个 主语 、 谓语 、表语、 宾语 、 状语 等成分,有时也用来连接两个 分句 。②若连接两个主语,谓语动词应与 邻近 的主语在人称和数上保持一致,即遵循“就近原则”。结构拓展遵循“就近原则”的连词或结构还有neither. . . nor. . . 、not only. . . but also. . . 、not. . . but. . . 、or、there be句型等。 Neither he nor his children like staying at home on weekends.他和他的孩子们都不喜欢周末待在家里。Sentence 1译文 今天上午,我担心没有人会和我说话。Sentence 2译文 我想念我初中的朋友,但我相信我会在这里结交新朋友,而且在高中有很多要去探索的东西。Sentence 3译文 我感觉比今天早上自信多了。句子成分和基本句型一、句子成分构成句子的各个部分称为句子成分。句子成分有主要成分与次要成分之分。主要成分有主语(Subject)和谓语(Verb),次要成分有表语(Predicative)、宾语(Object)、定语(Attributive)、状语(Adverbial)、补足语(Complement)和同位语(Appositive)。1. 主语情景导学The students are playing volleyball now.To read in the sun is bad for your eyes.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.Smoking does harm to our health.用法归纳主语表示句子所要说明或描述的人或事物,一般为① 名词(短语) 、代词、数词、动名词(短语)、② 不定式(短语) 或从句等。2. 谓语情景导学You may keep the book for two weeks at most.He didn't listen to my advice.用法归纳谓语表示主语的行为动作或所处的状态,由动词(短语)充当。3. 表语情景导学I'm an astronaut.She looks pale.My job is teaching English.用法归纳表语说明主语的身份、特征、状态、内容等,在③ 系动词 (be、become、get、look、grow、turn、seem等)之后,可以由④ 名词(短语) 、代词、形容词、不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)、介词短语及从句等充当。4. 宾语情景导学He wrote a play.She enjoys living in China.He insists on finishing the task ahead of time.用法归纳宾语表示动作的对象、行为的承受者或动作的结果,一般位于⑤ 及物动词 或⑥ 介词 后面。宾语分为单宾语、双宾语、复合宾语等。双宾语指直接宾语和间接宾语。复合宾语为“宾语+宾语补足语”。宾语可以由名词(短语)、代词、数词、名词化的形容词(the+形容词)、不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)、从句等充当。5. 宾语补足语情景导学New technologies make life easy and convenient.用法归纳有些及物动词除有一个宾语外,还要有一个宾语补足语,才能使句子的意义完整。宾语补足语可由名词(短语)、⑦ 形容词(短语) 、副词、不定式(短语)、分词(短语)或介词短语等充当。一般结构:及物动词(如make、see、find等)+宾语+宾语补足语。特别提醒“make/see/find/. . . sb. do sth. ”结构中的do为省略不定式符号to的不定式,变为被动形式时,to要还原,即sb. be made/seen/found to do sth. 。He was seen to enter the classroom.6. 定语情景导学The black bike is mine.They made paper flowers.The boy in the classroom is Jack.Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.用法归纳定语是修饰名词或代词的成分。定语就其与被修饰词的位置来看,可分为前置定语和后置定语。可以充当前置定语的有形容词、代词、数词、名词、分词等;可以充当后置定语的有形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式(短语)、分词(短语)、从句等。7. 状语情景导学It's quite cold outside.Luckily, the patient was saved in the hospital.She is lying in bed thinking.When I was young, I often listened to the radio.用法归纳修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子,说明动作或状态特征的句子成分称为状语。可以充当状语的有⑧ 副词 、⑨ 介词短语 、不定式、现在分词、过去分词、从句等。有时形容词也可作状语。8. 同位语情景导学We have two children, a boy and a girl.The news that he had passed the exam delighted his mother.用法归纳同位语通常位于名词或代词之后,对该词作进一步解释说明。可以作同位语的有⑩ 名词(短语) 、代词、数词、 从句 等。二、八种基本句型1. 主语+谓语(SV)情景导学The car won't start.They laughed.用法归纳此类句型有一个共同特点:句子的谓语动词都是 不及物动词 ,能表达完整的意思。2. 主语+系动词+表语(SP)情景导学The flowers smell sweet.Tom looks thin.用法归纳一些系动词单独作谓语不能表达一个完整的意思,需要接上表明主语身份或状态的 表语 构成复合谓语。3. 主语+谓语+宾语(SVO)情景导学They ate what was left over.She hates spiders.He admitted that he had made a mistake.用法归纳此类句型中谓语动词为及物动词(短语),不能单独表达完整的意思,后面必须加一个 宾语 ,即动作的承受者。4. 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语(S V IO DO)情景导学She cooked her husband a delicious meal. =She cooked a delicious meal for her husband.He gives your mother the letter. =He gives the letter to your mother.用法归纳有些及物动词可以有两个宾语。通常情况下间接宾语(多指人)在前,直接宾语(多指物)在后;有时也可把间接宾语置于直接宾语后,此时间接宾语前需加介词 for 或to。 常用to引出间接宾语的动词有pass、give、hand、lend、return、show、bring(提供)、take、sell、teach、write、sing、read等;常用for引出间接宾语的动词有buy、get、make、cook、order、find、save等。5. 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语(SVOC)情景导学They made her happy.She kept us waiting for her answer for over a week.用法归纳有些及物动词只跟一个宾语不能表达完整的意思,需要用宾语补足语对宾语进行补充说明。宾语补足语可以由名词、 形容词 、副词、介词短语、不定式(短语)、分词(短语)等充当。 常接复合宾语的动词有let、make、keep、see、watch、hear、help、find、ask、want、like、hate等。6. 主语+谓语+状语(SVA)情景导学The children stayed in the room.John has gone to buy books.用法归纳该句型中谓语为不及物动词,需要跟状语对其进行补充说明或限定。状语常常是副词、介词短语、非谓语动词等。7. 主语+谓语+宾语+状语(SVOA)情景导学They know us very well.They put the dish here.用法归纳句子谓语为及物动词,跟宾语后有时句意还不完整,需要跟状语进行补充说明或限定。状语常常是副词、介词短语、非谓语动词等。8. There be句型情景导学There is a book on the table.There are some apples and a pear in the bowl.There was a sports meeting in our school yesterday.用法归纳There be后面的名词是句子的主语,其中be动词可以替换为live、lie、stand、exist、appear等。特别提醒①在There be句型中,be的单复数与离它最近的名词的单复数保持一致,并且There be句型可以有不同的时态。②There be表示“存在;有”。这里的there没有实际意义,不可与副词there(在那里)混淆。即时巩固Ⅰ. 写出下列句子的基本句型S:主语 V:谓语 O:宾语 P:表语A:状语 IO:间接宾语 DO:直接宾语 C:补足语1. The show will start. SV 2. The boy is listening to music at home. SVOA 3. Tom looks very anxious. SP 4. I found your bag. SVO 5. The teacher handed me a book. SV IO DO 6. My dream will come true in the future. SVA 7. There are some apples on the table. There be句型 8. He noticed a man enter the room. SVOC Ⅱ. 完成句子1. 我们下周六将组织一场会议。We will organize a meeting next Saturday. (SVOA)2. 老师教她一些学习策略。The teacher teaches her some learning strategies . (S V IO DO)3. 无论发生什么事,他总保持自信。No matter what happens, he always stays confident . (SP)4. 当她走进教室时,她发现一些学生在做笔记。When she entered the classroom, she found some students taking notes . (SVOC)5. 书桌上有很多教学卡片。There are many flash cards on the desk. (there be. . . ) 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览