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(共10张PPT)
第10讲 时态语态
高中英语基础知识系列
我们已经学过哪些时态？
每个时态的含义是什么？
不同时态下的被动语态的结构形式是什么？
导学问题
一般现在时
含义：能翻译成“经常”“总是” 或不变的动作或状态。动词形式为动词原形或第三人称单数。
时间状语：usually, often, always, sometimes, every day, from time to time, once a week, hardly, seldom, rarely等
On Monday morning it usually _______(take) me an hour to drive to work.
Water ________(boil) at 100 centigrade degrees.
The plane ________ (take) off at 11: 30 and ________ (arrive) in Shanghai at 1: 20.
He ______ (like) his bike, very much.
Don’t worry. Bill will help you look after your dog when you 　　　_________(be) away on business.
表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态, 与现在无关。常用yesterday, last year, in 1995, the other day等作时间状语，动词形式为过去式。
一般过去时
He _________(work) very hard last year.
Miss Zhang 　　　(订购)a dress online two weeks ago, but it hasn t arrived yet.
—How come you are late again —I　　　because my alarm clock didn’t go off.(oversleep)
When I 　　　(arrive) at the hotel, it was midnight.
现在进行时表示目前或现阶段正在进行的动作。时间状语如now, right now, at this moment, at the moment, at this time, look, listen; at present, these days, this week等。动词形式为are/is/am +doing
过去进行时表示过去某个时间或某段时间正在进行的动作。时间状语如 at 7:00 pm yesterday, this time yesterday, when the teacher pushed the door open; this morning，last evening, while I was sleeping, from nine to ten.动词形式为was/were +doing
进行时
He usually _______(write) a lot of letters, but he __________(not write) at present.
I _________ (watch)TV when someone knocked at the door.
—Why did the car hit the boy
—Because the driver 　　　 (talk)on the phone at that time.
现在完成时
过去发生的动作，延续到现在或对现在造成了影响。时间状语如：never, ever, before, already, just, yet, recently, so far, by now, up to now, for+一段时间，since, in the past, over the years.动词形式为have/has +过去分词
I _______ (live) in Ningbo for many years.
Since the pre-Qin period, Chengdu 56 _________ (be) an important cultural town in China. (2023.4宁波二模)
I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I (make) over the years.
①It is/has been+时间段+ since. . . 表示“自从……以来已经……”。
*It is/has been ten years since I graduated from university.
②This/It/That is the first/second/third. . . time that. . . 表示“这/那是(某人)第几次做某事”, that从句中要用现在完成时。
*This is the first time that I have been here.
被动语态
1 一般现在时 is/am/ are done
2 一般过去时 was/were done
3 一般将来时 will be done
4 现在进行时 is/am/are being done
5 过去进行时 was/were being done
6 现在完成时 have/has been done
A new road　　　(build)near my school next year.
Everybody　　　 (move)deeply after they heard the story.
When you　　　 (give)a difficult task, try to stick with it and finish it.
The shopping mall ______________ (close) since the accident happened.
Children should　　　(educate)to be honest from a young age.
小结
含义 状语 动词形式 被动语态
1 一般现在时 能翻译成“_____”“______” 或不变的动作或状态。 动词原形或____________ is/am/ are done
2 一般过去时 表示___________________发生的动作或存在的状态, 与现在无关。 过去式 _______________
3 一般将来时 将来某时要发生的动作或状态 will do/be going to do ______________
4 现在进行时 表示目前或_______正在进行的动作。 _______________ is/am/are being done
5 过去进行时 表示过去某个时间或_________正在进行的动作 _______________ was/were being done
6 现在完成时 过去发生的动作，延续到_____或对现在造成了______。 have/has +过去分词 _______________
Since 1920, the Olympic rings ____40____ (use) in every summer and winter Games.
Miss Zhang 　　　(order订购)a dress online two weeks ago, but it ______________(not arrive)yet.
I saw Jeff in the park. He　　　 (sit)on the grass and reading a book.
My mother　　　(be)a good example for me since I was young.
Last week Professor Li ____　　　(invite)to make a speech on Chinese traditional festivals.
Teenagers should 　　　 (educate) to take care of themselves from a young age.
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