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2023-2024学年浙江省Z20联盟高三（上）第一次联考英语试卷
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）
A
The ebike has become an essential item, and even the King has been spotted riding one. According to the market research company Mintel, sales have almost tripled over the past five years. While ebikes have become increasingly commonplace, they are still undeniably expensive. You can pick up a perfectly adequate push bike for 300, but most ebikes cost nearly 2,000. Now, Cycling Electric, designed to help consumers choose an ebike, offers the following recommendations.
Best folding bike
Carbo Model X
Price: 2,799 | Weight: 13.3kg
Range: up to 34 miles
This is one of the most convenient bikes, from a little-known label. The lightweight Carbo X is the perfect example of convenience thanks to its carbon frame and belt drive, instead of a metal bike chain. This makes it lighter and less likely to get messy than an electric Brompton, with its more traditional, oily chain.
Most stylish
Temple Cycles Classic
Price: from 2,995 | Weight: 19kg
Range: up to 74 miles This Bristol-based brand is known for its elegant pushbikes, which are hand-built in the city. This is its electric version. It's a very sleek and functional commuter option and not too heavy. Temples have fewer proprietary (品牌专卖的) parts and so are serviceable in any bike shop. Stylish as they may be, the VanMoofs and the Cowboys can be a bit more complex to get back-up and service.
The money-no-object option
Riese & Müller Nevo4 GT Vario GX
Price: 5,380 | Weight: 28.4kg
Range: up to 93 miles
This is a prime example of the attention to detail delivering a high-quality experience in functionality, comfort and practicality—if you can afford it. It has the capacity to handle 25kg of luggage in a pannier, powerful road lights and a beautifully smooth motor.
1. What is the advantage of the Temples over other stylish ebike brands
A. They are more lightweight.
B. They have more functions.
C. They have easier access to service.
D. They are more comfortable.
2. Which ebike will a consumer probably choose, who cares most about an excellent experience
A. Carbo Model X.
B. The VanMoofs and the Cowboys.
C. Temple Cycles Classic.
D. Riese & Müller Nevo4 GT Vario GX.
3. Where is the text probably taken from
A. An online post. B. A magazine column.
C. A market research report. D. An official
B
Having spent more than a decade on the dance floor, ROME—Niccolo Filippi, a 23-year-old Italian dance performer, recently decided to explore Chinese culture and its traditional dance forms and believes that this experience will not only boost his career, but also broaden his horizons beyond the world of dance.
His interest in diversifying his skills grew after he stumbled upon a short video of traditional Chinese-styled dance on YouTube. "I saw it as an art that combines tradition and modernity, which was mostly the reason why I liked it," says Filippi.
Ever since, he has been closely following Chinese dance performers and watching numerous videos to learn more about the traditional style that he admires. "I prefer the traditional style because of its light movements. It also reflects my personality with elegance," he adds.
Filippi's chance came when he was invited to perform for a Chinese New Year celebration in the central Italian city of Florence. He has since fully committed himself to the art form, learning several pieces and putting his newfound passion into practice.
"The biggest difference that I found (compared to other disciplines) is the change of mood and emotional expressions among dances," says Filippi, adding that he needed to shift from the dynamic moves of hip-hop to the graceful and fluid movements of Chinese dance. Despite various obstacles, Filippi's efforts have not gone unnoticed. Two of his friends shared videos of his performances on social media, and the response was overwhelming. One video garnered 500, 000 views, while the other received 200, 000 views.
Filippi believes that learning about different cultures is priceless, and he sees it as a means of personal growth. "I like to think of a person as a book," he says. "Embracing different traditions and cultures, such as Chinese culture and many others, is like adding new chapters to my book, making it more diverse and wonderful."
4. What is the main reason why Filippi falls in love with traditional Chinese dance
A. Its potential to boost his career.
B. Its mix of traditional and modern elements.
C. Its graceful and light movements.
D. Its true reflection of his elegant personality.
5. How does the author illustrate the popularity of Filippi's videos
A. By listing numbers. B. By giving an example.
C. By sharing a story. D. By making a comparison.
6. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. Filippi thinks little of learning from other cultures.
B. People prefer to write down their past experiences.
C. Accepting various cultures boosts personal growth.
D. A book with chapters on traditions is more wonderful.
7. What is the main idea of the passage
A. Chinese-styled dance videos go viral on social media.
B. An Italian's dance journey towards specialization starts.
C. Filippi's desire for Chinese culture extends beyond dance.
D. An Italian dancer shows passion for Chinese-styled dance.
C
Consider the possibility that all human technology started with a mistake—or at least a lack of hand-eye coordination. In a new study published on Friday in Science Advances, Lydia Luncz and Tomos Proffitt, both at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, Germany, argue that mistakenly created flakes(薄片) may have been our ancient ancestors' or other now-extinct early human relatives' first step toward creating the sharp-edged tools that they used to butcher animals and cut edible plants.
To do their research, Luncz and Proffitt traveled to an abandoned oil palm plantation near Thailand's Phang Nga Bay and collected more than 1, 100 pieces of nut-cracking stones used by a troop of long-tailed macaques (猕猴). Macaques crack open oil palm nuts by placing them on a flat stone and striking their shell with another stone. These monkeys often miss the nut and accidentally break the stones, producing sharp flakes. Luncz and Proffitt analyzed these stones, which revealed a surprising fact: The flakes that the macaques unintentionally produced looked a lot like the oldest stone tools that were intentionally made by hominins (古人类).
Macaques don't use the sharp flakes they create for anything, Luncz adds, noting that the monkeys have sharp teeth and don't need cutting tools. The similar ancient stone tools collected from some of the earliest known sites, however, show evidence of being used for cutting tasks. For example, in Oldowan, a site dating between 3.3 million and 1.5 million years ago, researchers analyzed use-wear patterns on the tools and found that some of the flakes showed damage along their edges, indicating that they had been used for cutting. Cut marks on some fossils revealed that hominins had used stone tools for butchering the animals, making it clear that the sharp stone tools were anything but unintentional by-products of other pounding activities.
Despite the findings, to reveal the mechanism for the emergence of flake technology, researchers still need to learn how hominins made the leap from accidentally producing sharp flakes to picking them up and using them. Luncz and Proffitt hope to find the missing link in further studies.
8. What can we learn from paragraph 2
A. The two researchers went to Thailand and collected 1, 100 flakes.
B. Long-tailed macaques used the flakes to crack open oil palm nuts.
C. Macaques deliberately produced flakes for cutting by breaking stones.
D. The flakes produced by macaques were similar to hominins' stone tools.
9. Why does the author mention the Oldowan site in paragraph 3
A. To provide specific proof. B. To clarify a complex concept.
C. To present an interesting fact. D. To make a detailed comparison.
10. What will Luncz and Proffitt probably focus on in their future study
A. Why macaques create flakes.
B. Why hominins used stone tools.
C. How macaques cut food with flakes.
D. How hominins began using flakes.
11. What is the best title of the passage
A. A mistake: the origin of human technology.
B. Flake technology: from macaques to hominins.
C. Pounding activities: on human evolutionary course.
D. A missing link: long-tailed macaques create flakes.
D
MICROSOFT says it has used the natural language AI ChatGPT, created by the company OpenAI, to control a range of robots with simple text commands.
The chatbot was trained on a vast amount of data, including source code. It has previously demonstrated the ability to write software based on text and even to fix errors in existing code. Microsoft has now used the AI to take text commands from humans and interpret them into code that can control robots directly. In one test, ChatGPT wrote code to instruct a robotic arm to create a Microsoft logo from wooden blocks. In another, it steered a drone to reach a point while avoiding obstacles. The research was intended "to see if ChatGPT can think beyond text, and reason about the physical world to help with robotics tasks".
ChatGPT isn't in direct, real-time control of the robot, but simply creates the code that controls it. Microsoft said in its blog post that ChatGPT output shouldn't be applied directly to a robot without "careful analysis", but experts wan that it is risky to even begin thinking about placing AI in control of physical machines.
Mark Coeckelbergh at the University of Vienna, Austria, says that regulations may be needed in order to set out where AI can be used and who is responsible should things go wrong. "It's a very dangerous thing to just say 'let's give control of these computers to AI'," says Coeckelbergh. "The problem with contemporary artificial intelligence is that it's not transparent to the user. That's a huge problem."
Others were sceptical about the ability of language models to program robots for complex tasks. Kathleen Richardson at De Montfort University Leicester, UK, says that AI language models are convincing mimics (模仿者), but that their real ability-including their adaptability to control robots-is often exaggerated. "I think Microsoft, and most people who design robots, have too much confidence in what they can do," she says.
12. Which function doesn't belong to ChatGPT according to MICROSOFT
A. Create code. B. Correct code errors.
C. Write software. D. Control robots directly.
13. What can we infer from paragraph 3
A. Experts agree that we can apply AI to code analysis.
B. Experts warn against the idea of using AI to control robots.
C. Microsoft believes ChatGPT output should be used indirectly.
D. ChatGPT output has been widely applied after careful analysis.
14. What does the underlined word "exaggerated" in the last paragraph mean
A. Neglected. B. Simplified. C. Overestimated. D. Praised.
15. What is the author's attitude towards the ability of ChatGPT to control robots
A. Objective. B. Favorable. C. Critical. D. Indifferent.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
Most of us assume those hyper-achievers who are always able to squeeze in their workout, eat healthy foods and pick their kids up on time must have superhuman self-control. But science points to a different answer: (16) The only catch is that building good habits takes effort and insight. Thankfully, here are a few research—backed steps that can set you on the path to where you want to be.
1. Set a specific goal
The way you define the goal you hope to turn into a habit does matter. Goals like "meditate regularly" are too abstract, research has shown. (17) Don't say "I'll meditate regularly." Say, "I'll meditate for 15 minutes each day." This is actually key to habit formation, making the task easy to carry out, but it's often overlooked.
2. Create a detailed, cue-based plan
(18) Scientists have proven that you'll make more progress toward your goal if you decide not just what you'll do, but when and where you'll be cued to do it. Making this kind of plan reduces the chances you'll forget to follow through because the when and where in your plan will serve as cues to action.
A plan like "I'll study Spanish for 30 minutes every weekday" is OK. But a detailed, cue-based plan like "Every workday after my last meeting, I'll spend 30 minutes studying Spanish in my office" is more likely to stick as a habit.
3. (19)
We're strongly influenced by the behaviors of the people around us, evidence shows. Want to start running regularly You're probably better off joining an established running club than asking a few friends who aren't yet in the habit of jogging to get in shape with you.
However, it's important not to get too crazy—if you try to train with marathoners when you're just hoping to work up to a 5K, it can be discouraging.
4. Make it fun to repeat
Research has shown you'll persist longer and ultimately achieve more if you focus on finding ways to make goal pursuit fun. One excellent way is to try "temptation bundling". Research shows that temptation bundling improves follow-through; it transforms goal pursuit into a source of pleasure, not pain. (20)
A. Find the right kind of social support.
B. Tell your friends and family about your goals.
C. What we mistake for willpower is often a natural outcome of habit.
D. You'll benefit from being more specific about what exactly you aim to do and how often.
E. Having a bite-size objective makes it less daunting to get started and easier to see your progress.
F. Now you have established a specific goal, it's time to think about what will cue you to follow through.
G. For example, watch your favorite show while at the gym or enjoy a beloved podcast while cooking healthy meals.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共22.5分）
Tidying your desk, watering your plants, folding clothes—these household chores are hardly the height of pleasure. Yet I often find myself (21) these little tasks.
If I'm stuck in writer's block with a deadline (22) , I'll have to clear up the papers placed around my office—and it's sometimes the most (23) I feel all day.
I'm not (24) in this. As we faced the stresses of the pandemic, many people reported finding renewed interest in (25) their homes as a way of coping with uncertainty.
Psychologists suggest there are many potential mechanisms (机制) that can explain the pleasure from these tasks and their benefits-these may well encourage you to (26) these odd jobs more often.
Little chores may be useful because they (27) the mind, leading us to devote fewer resources to the things that (28) us. Even if we struggle with activities that are meant to help us relax, we may find household tasks can help us appreciate the here and now. But this depends on where we place our (29) .
In one of the few studies to examine the mental health benefits of washing the dishes, researchers at Florida State University divided (30) into two groups. Half read a text that encouraged them to (31) focus their thoughts on the activity. "While washing the dishes, one should be completely (32) of the fact that one is washing the dishes," they were told. The rest read factual instructions on how to do washing up without being encouraged to focus their awareness on the activity.
Afterwards, the participants were asked to take a questionnaire about their (33) . Those who had fully engaged with the experience reported a significantly better mood. This included (34) nervousness and even a sense of "inspiration", as if the simple activity had (35) their minds.
21. A. ignoring B. enjoying C. avoiding D. simplifying
22. A. agreed B. established C. passing D. approaching
23. A. relaxed B. bored C. worried D. annoyed
24. A. confident B. fit C. alone D. stuck
25. A. opening up B. setting up C. returning to D. looking after
26. A. deal with B. give up C. learn about D. engage in
27. A. occupy B. broaden C. motivate D. challenge
28. A. interest B. bother C. delight D. surprise
29. A. focus B. hope C. emphasis D. happiness
30. A. dishes B. households C. participants D. tasks
31. A. entirely B. quickly C. mainly D. initially
32. A. sure B. proud C. glad D. aware
33. A. interests B. abilities C. feelings D. habits
34. A. continued B. increased C. unexplained D. reduced
35. A. slipped B. refreshed C. developed D. exhausted
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. The Confucian Analects or The Analects (论语) is a collection of the sayings and teachings of Confucius and his disciples (门徒). It (1) (compile) in the early Warring States Period, over 70 years after the death of Confucius, from the notes that his disciples took according to the answers (2) their questions.
The present-day Analects is based on the Lu version compiled during the Han Dynasty and embodies, (3) Confucian concept of ren or humanity or benevolence. Ren is rich in content, and varied in form.
The core of the concept is "The benevolent love of others" or universal love, (4) is the basic virtue of a gentleman of noble character. Confucius believes that being benevolent does not mean (5) (be) without principles. One should be clear about what (6) (love) or hate. Ren comes from learning and self-cultivation: it can be seen from a person's appearance, To be sure, li or rites and yue or music are important. (7) , ren is the No. 1 principle of being a decent man. It is actually the essence of li and yue. Without ren, li or yue would be (8) (meaning).
Apart from ren, Confucius put forward another concept, which is yi or righteousness. Yi is the codes of conduct under the (9) (guide) of ren. "The virtuous man cherishes a respect for the law, (10) the vile (邪恶的) man cherishes generous treatment."
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、任务型读写（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
37. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
A Four-legged Guardian Angel
Snow had just melted off the ground that April day at our house in Regina Beach, Saskatchewan. I had just cleaned up the pool in preparation for selling the house. The year before, I had lost my job with the provincial government, and now our financial situation was grim. In despair, I had finally put the home on the market, and a real estate agent was due to show up later that day. Even worse, I would have to give up my beloved Great Dane (大丹犬), Brigitte, because I could no longer afford the cost of feeding it. The thought of losing the dog and our beautiful home was almost more than I could bear.
Deep in despair, I sat typing up resumes and cover letters. Out of the corner of my eye I could see my thirteen-month-old son, Forrest, as he lay on the carpet, playing near our big, gentle nanny-dog, Brigitte. It seemed as if Brigitte was always meant to be in this family and she turned out to be a perfect companion.
Brigitte came to our house on Christmas eve when the doorbell rang and I was sure some of my Christmas packages had arrived. I ran to the door and swung it open, but no one was there. I sensed something and looked down, only to find a beautiful Great Dane sitting there, looking up at me with big, intelligent eyes. There was no way that she could have rung the doorbell by herself, was there Perhaps, someone had found the puppy somewhere and left her there, and then rang the doorbell and ran away. They accurately guessed I would welcome an additional family member and take care of her.
Thinking of these, I couldn't help heaving a sigh and went straight back to work. However, I hadn't typed more than two sentences when Brigitte began barking furiously and running back and forth to the sliding glass door overlooking our pool.
I raced to see what was happening and noticed that the sliding door was slightly open. Suddenly, I realized Forrest was nowhere to be seen. In panic, I opened the door and ran outside.
注意:
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
There I was surprised to see Brigitte, who was terrified of water, dive into the pool.


Finally, the doctor said Forrest was all right and could be released from hospital.


六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
38. 假定你是校学生会主席李华, 你校将于下周开展以“Labor is the Most Beautiful”为主题的劳动周活动，请你以学生会的名义发起倡议，内容包括：
1. 学生目前对劳动的态度；
2. 劳动的意义；
3. 呼吁参加。
注意:
1. 词数80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear fellow students,



The Student Union
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】C、D、B
【解析】【文章大意】电动自行车已经成为一种必需品，在过去的五年里，销售额几乎增长了两倍。虽然电动自行车变得越来越普遍，但不可否认的是，它们仍然很贵。本文介绍了Cycling Electric所推荐的三款各具特色的电动自行车。
1. 根据第二款电动自行车的介绍Temples have fewer proprietary (品牌专卖的)parts and so are serviceable in any bike shop.可知，Temples的专属零部件更少，因此可在任何自行车店得到维修服务。而另两款VanMoofs和Cowboys虽然也比较时尚, 但是他们要得到后续支持和服务会更加复杂，故选C。
2. 根据第三款电动自行车介绍的第一句话This is a prime example of the attention to detail delivering a high-quality experience in functionality, comfort and practicality—if you can afford it.可知，这是一个注重细节的典型例子，在功能性、舒适性和实用性方面提供高质量的体验——如果你负担得起的话，故选D。
3. 通读全文，本文介绍了Cycling Electric所推荐的三款各具特色的电动自行车，应出自生活杂志专栏，故选B。
4~7.【答案】B、A、C、D
【解析】【文章大意】本文介绍了一位意大利舞者对传统中国风舞蹈的喜爱与热情。
1. 根据文章第二段最后一句话I saw it as an art that combines tradition and modernity, which was mostly the reason why I liked it.（我认为它是一种传统与现代相结合的艺术，这也是我喜欢它的主要原因）可知，Filippi爱上中国传统舞蹈的主要原因是因为传统中国风舞蹈是传统和现代的结合，故选B。
2. 根据文章第五段最后一句话 One video garnered 500, 000 views, while the other received 200, 000 views.（其中一个视频获得了50万次观看，而另一个则获得了20万次观看。）可知，作者采用列数字的方式说明Filippi的视频点击量高，受人们欢迎，故选A。
3. 根据文章最后一段内容（Filippi认为学习不同的文化是无价的，他认为这是个人成长的一种方式。“我喜欢把一个人想象成一本书，”他说。“拥抱不同的传统和文化，比如中国文化和其他许多国家的文化，就像给我的书添加了新的章节，使它更加多样化和精彩。”）可知， Filippi相信了解不同的文化是无价的，把它看做是一种个人成长方式，故选C。
4. 本文介绍了一位意大利舞者对传统中国风舞蹈的喜爱与热情，故选D。
8~11.【答案】D、A、D、B
【解析】【文章大意】通读全文可知，本篇是一篇说明文，主要讲解了使用石头时意外产生薄片的猕猴可以告诉我们早期人类使用工具的情况。
1. 根据文章第二段最后一句he flakes that the macaques unintentionally produced looked a lot like the oldest stone tools that were intentionally made by hominins (古人类).（他说，猕猴无意中制造的石器看起来很像人类有意制造的最古老的石器。）可知，这些猕猴制造的尖锐薄片和人类的石器工具很像，故选D。
2. 根据文章第三段For example, in Oldowan, a site dating between 3. 3 million and 1. 5 million years ago... making it clear that the sharp stone tools were anything but unintentional by-products of other pounding activities.（例如， 300万至 150万年前的奥尔都瓦遗址，研究人员分析了这些工具的使用磨损模式，发现一些薄片的边缘有损伤，表明它们曾被用来切割。一些化石上的切割痕迹表明，人类曾使用石器来屠宰动物，这清楚地表明，锋利的石器绝不是其他重击活动无意中产生的副产品。）可知，事例是为了提供具体证据，故选A。
3. 根据文章最后一段内容（尽管有了这些发现，为了揭示薄片技术出现的机制，研究人员仍然需要了解人类是如何从偶然产生尖锐的薄片到捡起并使用它们的。伦茨和普罗菲特希望在进一步的研究中找到缺失的环节。）可知，伦茨和普罗菲特希望在接下来的研究中查明古人类是如何开始使用薄片的。故选 D。
4. 通读全文可知，本篇是一篇说明文，主要讲解了使用石头时意外产生薄片的猕猴可以告诉我们早期人类使用工具的情况，故选B。
12~15.【答案】D、B、C、A
【解析】【文章大意】作者介绍了微软官方对于ChatGPT操控机器人的言论，客观引用了各界观点。
1. 根据文章第二段It has previously demonstrated the ability to write software based on text and even to fix errors in existing code. Microsoft has now used the AI to take text commands from humans and interpret them into code that can control robots directly.（它 (ChatGPT) 之前已经展示了基于文本编写软件的能力，甚至可以修复现有代码中的错误。微软现在已经使用人工智能从人类那里获取文本命令，并将其翻译成可以直接控制机器人的代码。）可知，ChatGPT通过代码间接控制机器人，而不是直接，故选D。
2. 根据文章第三段Microsoft said in its blog post that ChatGPT output shouldn't be applied directly to a robot without "careful analysis", but experts wan that it is risky to even begin thinking about placing AI in control of physical machines.（微软在其博客文章中表示，在没有‘谨慎分析’的情况下，不应该将 ChatGPT 输出的代码直接部署到机器人上，但专家警告称，甚至开始考虑让人工智能控制物理机器都是有风险的。）可知，专家反对使用人工智能来控制机器人的想法，故选 B。
3. 根据文章最后一段Kathleen Richardson at De Montfort University Leicester, UK,... their adaptability to control robots-is often exaggerated. "I think Microsoft, and most people who design robots, have too much confidence in what they can do," she says.（英国莱斯特德蒙福特大学的凯瑟琳·理查森说，人工智能语言模型是令人信服的模仿者，但它们的真正能力——包括控制机器人的适应性——往往被夸大了。她说:“我认为，微软和大多数设计机器人的人，对自己的能力过于自信。”）可知，凯瑟琳·理查森认为微软和大多数设计机器人的人，对自己的能力过于自信，即真正能力被夸大。exaggerated意为“夸大”，故选C。
4. 通读全文，作者介绍了微软官方对于ChatGPT操控机器人的言论，客观引用了各界观点，并未发表个人想法，故选A。
16~20.【答案】C、D、F、A、G
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了建立好习惯的四个步骤：设定具体目标、制定详细计划、让重复变得有趣、找到合适的团队。文章指出，好习惯的养成需要付出努力，但一旦养成，就不需要太多的意志力来坚持。
1. 根据前文Most of us assume those hyper-achievers who are always able to squeeze in their workout, eat healthy foods and pick their kids up on time must have superhuman self-control. But science points to a different answer（我们大多数人都认为，那些总能挤出时间锻炼、吃健康食品、按时接孩子的超级成功者一定有超人的自制力。但科学给出了一个不同的答案）可知，此空应给出自制力以外的答案，以及根据后文均在讨论习惯，可知C项（我们误认为意志力的东西往往是习惯的自然结果。）符合上下文逻辑，故选C。
2. 由本段小标题Set a specific goal可知，应设定具体明确的目标， D项中“specific”一词与小标题呼应，故选D。
3. 此空为过渡句，由第一步设定具体目标过渡至第二步设计详细且基于线索的计划，且下文说Making this kind of plan reduces the chances you'll forget to follow through because the when and where in your plan will serve as cues to action.（制定这样的计划可以减少你忘记坚持到底的机会，因为计划中的时间和地点将成为行动的线索。）可知，制定详细且基于线索的计划可以提醒你不会忘记并且坚持到底，F项（现在你已经确立了一个具体的目标，是时候想想什么会提示你坚持到底了。）可作为过渡句，故选F。
4. 根据本段内容We're strongly influenced by the behaviors of the people around us, evidence shows.（有证据表明，我们受到周围人行为的强烈影响。）可知，主要介绍应找到合适的社会支持，A项（寻找合适的社会支持。）可作为本段的主旨句，故选A。
5. 根据本段小标题Make it fun to repeat可知本段主要围绕“fun”展开，与G项For example, watch your favorite show while at the gym or enjoy a beloved podcast while cooking healthy meals.（例如，在健身房看你最喜欢的节目，或者在做健康的饭菜时享受你喜欢的播客。）例子中“favorite”和＂beloved”两词对应，故选G。
21~35.【答案】B、D、A、C、D、D、A、B、A、C、A、D、C、D、B
【解析】【文章大意】整理办公桌、浇花、叠衣服——这些家务事都算不上快乐。然而，作者却发现很享受这些小任务。研究表明小杂务可能是有用的，因为它们占据了我们的思想，使我们把更少的资源投入到困扰我们的事情上。
1. 句意：然而，我经常发现自己很享受这些小任务。A.ignoring忽视；B.enjoying享受；C.avoiding避免；D.simplifying简化。根据第一句话和转折词“Yet”可知，做家务活并不是一件很愉快的事情，但“我”却经常享受这些小任务，故选B。
2. 句意：如果截稿日期临近，我陷入了写作的瓶颈，我就得清理办公室里的文件——有时这是我一天中最放松的时候。A.agreed同意；B.established建立；C.passing通过；D.approaching临近。联系 a deadline可知，是临近截稿日期，故选D。
3. 句意：如果截稿日期临近，我陷入了写作的瓶颈，我就得清理办公室里的文件——有时这是我一天中最放松的时候。A.relaxed放松的；B.bored烦躁的；C.worried担心的；D.annoyed生气的。联系上文Yet I often find myself (1) these little tasks.可知，作者喜欢整理，所以是放松的事情，故选A。
4. 句意：在这件事上我并不唯一。A.confident自信的；B.fit健康的；C.alone单独的，唯一的；D.stuck卡住的。联系下文“many people reported finding renewed interest...”可知，“我”并不是唯一一个觉得做一些家务感到愉悦的人，故选 C。
5. 句意：他们对照顾自己的家重新产生了兴趣，以此作为应对不确定性的一种方式。A.opening up开放；B.setting up建立；C.returning to回到；D.looking after照顾。联系上文Tidying your desk, watering your plants, folding clothes可知，这些都是照顾自己的家，故选D。
6. 句意：心理学家认为，有许多潜在的机制可以解释从这些任务中获得的乐趣和好处——这些机制很可能会鼓励你更频繁地从事这些零工。A.deal with处理；B.give up放弃；C.learn about了解；D.engage in从事。联系these odd jobs可知，从事这些零工，符合句意，故选D。
7. 句意：小杂务可能是有用的，因为它们占据了我们的思想，使我们把更少的资源投入到困扰我们的事情上。A.occupy占据；B.broaden扩大；C.motivate激励；D.challenge挑战。由下文＂leading us to devote fewer resources to the things＂可知，家务的益处在于它们会占据大脑，减少其他事情对我们的影响，故选A。
8. 句意：小杂务可能是有用的，因为它们占据了我们的思想，使我们把更少的资源投入到困扰我们的事情上。A.interest使感兴趣；B.bother困扰；C.delight使高兴；D.surprise给……惊喜。联系上文“If I'm stuck in writer's block with a deadline (2) , I'll have to clear up the papers...”并结合语境可知，家务可以分散我们对困扰我们的事情的注意力，故选B。
9. 句意：但这取决于我们把注意力放在哪里。A.focus注意力；B.hope希望；C.emphasis强调；D.happiness快乐。联系下文提及的研究Half read a text that encouraged them to (11) focus their thoughts on the activity.可知，我们是否能享受当下取决于我们将注意力放在何处，故选A。
10. 句意：在为数不多的几项调查洗碗对心理健康益处的研究中，佛罗里达州立大学的研究人员将参与者分为两组。A.dishes菜；B.households家庭；C.participants参与者；D.tasks任务。联系下文Afterwards, the participants可知，研究人员将参与者分成两组，进行对比实验，故选C。
11. 句意：其中一半人读了一篇鼓励他们把注意力完全集中在活动上的文章。A.entirely完全地；B.quickly快地；C.mainly主要地；D.initially最初。由下文“completely”可知，entirely完全地，符合上下文，故选A。
12. 句意：他们被告知：“在洗碗的时候，人们应该完全意识到自己在洗碗。”A.sure确信的；B.proud骄傲的；C.glad高兴的；D.aware意识到的。联系上下文可知，在洗碗过程中，被试者需要完全意识到自己在洗碗，即将注意力完全集中在洗碗活动上，故选D。
13. 句意：之后，参与者被要求填写一份关于他们感受的问卷。A.interests兴趣；B.abilities能力；C.feelings感觉；D.habits习惯。联系下文mood可知，问卷调查是关于被试者情绪变化的，故选C。
14. 句意：这包括减少紧张，甚至有一种“灵感”感，就好像这个简单的活动让他们的头脑焕然一新。A.continued继续；B.increased增加；C.unexplained原因不明的；D.reduced减少。联系上下文可知，完全沉浸在洗碗活动中的被试者情绪明显改善，意味着紧张情绪减少，故选D。
15. 句意：这包括减少紧张，甚至有一种“灵感”感，就好像这个简单的活动让他们的头脑焕然一新。A.slipped滑了一跤；B.refreshed焕然一新；C.developed发展；D.exhausted使精疲力尽。联系上文and it's sometimes the most (3) I feel all day.可知，简单的活动让被试者的大脑焕然一新，故选B。
36.【答案】【小题1】
was compiled
【小题2】
to
【小题3】
the
【小题4】
which
【小题5】
being
【小题6】
to love
【小题7】
However/Yet
【小题8】
meaningless
【小题9】
guidance
【小题10】
while
【解析】1. 句意：它是在战国早期，孔子死后70多年，根据他的弟子根据他们的问题的答案所做的笔记编撰而成的。由时间状语in the early Warring States Period可知，此句应为一般过去时态；再由句意可知，应采用被动语态，故填was compiled。
2. 句意：它是在战国早期，孔子死后70多年，根据他的弟子根据他们的问题的答案所做的笔记编撰而成的。answers to意为“…的答案” , 为固定搭配，故填to。
3. 句意：今天的《论语》是根据汉代编纂的鲁本改编而成，体现了儒家的仁或人性或仁慈的概念。根据句意可知，“体现了儒家的仁或人性或仁慈的概念”，应特指，故填the。
4. 句意：这一理念的核心是“仁者见仁”或“博爱”，这是高尚君子的基本美德。考查定语从句关系代词。此处为非限制性定语从句, 关系代词在从句中作主语，指代前文"The benevolent love of others" or universal love，故填which。
5. 句意：孔子认为，仁者不等于无原则。mean doing意为“意味着…”，故填being。
6. 句意：一个人应该清楚地知道爱什么或恨什么。疑问词加上动词不定式结构，作介词about的宾语，故填to love。
7. 句意：然而，仁是成为君子的首要原则。根据前后文句意“礼乐当然是重要的，但是仁是成为君子的首要原则”，此处应为转折关系，故填However/Yet。
8. 句意：没有仁，礼或乐就会没有意义。根据句意，此处为 meaningless（没有意义），故填meaningless。
9. 句意：“礼”是“仁”指导下的行为准则。under the guidance of在……的指导下，为固定搭配，故填guidance。
10. 句意：君子怀刑，小人怀惠。根据句意，应为对比关系，用while，故填while。
37.【答案】 There I was surprised to see Brigitte, who was terrified of water, dive into the pool. Then to my horror, I caught sight of Forrest's yellow sleeper. Brigitte was bravely doing her best to keep him afloat by holding on to his sleeper with her mouth. At the same time, she was desperately trying to swim to the shallow end. Only then did I realize that Forrest had somehow opened the door, wandered out and fallen into the pool. In a split second, I dove in, lifted my precious baby out and carried him inside. Hands shaking, I called 911 and we were rushed to the hospital immediately, where the doctor kept him for observation for one night.
Finally, the doctor said Forrest was all right and could be released from hospital. Back home, once Brigitte saw him, she barked with apparent joy and wouldn't let Forrest out of her sight. In time she settled down, but remained dedicated to Forrest and followed him everywhere, concerned about his safety. Even when Forrest was asleep, Brigitte crammed herself under the crib, keeping a vigil. Our dog was indeed an angel, erasing any despair I might have had about losing our home. A house could always be replaced, but knowing we had each other around was the greatest blessing of all. I was grateful she was part of our lives, whom I would never give up.
【解析】一、文意梳理
【原文大意】本文以事件的发展为线索，主要讲的是作者准备卖掉房子，放弃心爱的大丹犬布丽吉特，因为作者失业没钱了。作者很难过，不禁回忆起收养大丹犬布丽吉特的过程。这时，布丽吉特开始狂吠起来，作者的孩子福雷斯特不见了。
【段落续写】
由第一段首句内容“在那里，我惊讶地看到害怕水的布丽吉特跳进了游泳池。”可知，第一段可描述布丽吉特勇救福雷斯特，作者将孩子送往医院的过程。
由第二段首句内容“最后，医生说福雷斯特没事，可以出院了。”可知，第二段描述出院了后，布丽吉特形影不离地跟着福雷斯特，作者决定永远不会放弃布丽吉特。
二、线索厘清
【续写线索】
福雷斯特救福雷斯特——送往医院——形影不离——天使——永不放弃
【词汇激活】
行为类
①看见： catch sight of sth./e into (one's) view
②送往医院：rush to the hospital/send to the hospital/take to the hospital
情绪类
①快乐：joy/delight/happy/thrill
②感激：be grateful/be thankful/owe sb. big time
三、范文鉴赏
【高分句式】
①Only then did I realize that Forrest had somehow opened the door, wandered out and fallen into the pool.（倒装）
②I was grateful she was part of our lives, whom I would never give up.（whom引导的非限制性定语从句）
38.【答案】Dear fellow students,
①Currently, labor education has been increasingly attached great importance to, but some students just bury themselves in books, believing that labor is a waste of time. However, it is necessary for us to do it.
Actually, time spent laboring is rewarding. It can promote our practical skills, strong will, unity and cooperation. ②Meanwhile, we will also be given the precious chances to contribute our share and rewarded with a spiritual fulfillment.
Therefore, actively engage in labor and take our obligation both at home and at school. It will turn out to be very beneficial and essential.
The Student Union
【解析】【思路点拨】
本文为一篇应用文写作，话题为假定你是校学生会主席李华, 你校将于下周开展以“Labor is the Most Beautiful”为主题的劳动周活动，请你以学生会的名义写一封倡议书。写作时应注意词汇的选择和句式的准确使用，可适当添加一定的衔接词，以使行文连贯。
【结构布局】
引言：学生目前对劳动的态度
中心：劳动的意义
结尾：呼吁参加
【高分词汇】
①a spiritual fulfillment精神上的满足
②beneficial and essential有益的和必要的
【高分句型】
①Currently, labor education has been increasingly attached great importance to, but some students just bury themselves in books, believing that labor is a waste of time.（动词-ing形式作状语；that引导的宾语从句）
②Meanwhile, we will also be given the precious chances to contribute our share and rewarded with a spiritual fulfillment.（动词不定式作状语）
【拓展词汇】
①appeal呼吁，恳求
②significant有意义的
③call on呼吁，号召
【拓展句型】
① Confronted with..., we should take a series of effective measure to do sth.面对……，我们应该采取一系列行之有效的方法来……
②I'm appealing to all of you to do sth. as a way to fight with/against sth.我呼吁大家做某事来作为抵制某事的一种方式。
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