资源简介

(共93张PPT)
应用文专题
学习目标
一、掌握各种类型应用文的写作思路
二、积累相关类型应用文的有用表达
类型
（一）新闻报道
（二）通知
（三）留言条
（四）演讲稿
（五）倡议
（八）介绍性短文
（六）日记
一、信件类（去信和回信）
二、短文类
（七）启事
一、信件类
信件是一种提供信息交换的通信方式，常有称呼、正文、结束语、姓名和日期等。在写信件时，须具备以下几点内容：
1. 自我介绍或写信的背景和目的。
2. 邮件的具体内容。
3. 表明期望或客套话。
（一）写作思路
（二）有用表达
第一段：四大内容
1.问候：(提示：熟人或朋友用，不熟的人不用。)
你还好吗？
(2)近况如何？
(3)最近过得如何？
2.自我介绍：(提示：熟人或朋友不用，不熟的人要。)
(1)我叫李华，今年17岁，就读于XXX中学。
(2)我是李华，我们学校的学生会主席。
How are you doing
How is everything going with you recently
How is life treating you
I am Li Hua, a 17-year-old student currently studying in XXX middle school.
I am Li Hua, chairman of Students’ Union in our school.
(3)我是李华，来自中国/你的学生。
I am Li Hua, a student from China/ of yours.
3. 写信背景和目的：
表示缘由。
(2) 我在你的报纸/微博/网站/信中看到...... :
(3) 表达某种目的。
(4)从文中了解到什么信息。
Since I was unhappy with the experience of living in your hotel, I am writing to ....
I’ve read/learned in your WeChat moments/newspaper/ micro-blog/website/last letter that...,so I am writing to...
With the purpose of… /Aimed at doing… /In order to do sth., I am writing to ...
Knowing/Learning/Hearing that you show great interest in/you are interested in ..., I am writing to ...
各类信件关键词
(1) 申请/求职/应聘信: apply for the job/position.
(2) 感谢信: show my heartfelt gratitude to you.
(3) 邀请信: invite you to join the....(as our guest/ judge/ instructor).
(4) 建议信: give you some useful suggestions (on how to do sth.).
(5) 求助信: ask you to do me a favor.
(6) 道歉信: show my heartfelt apology to you
(7) 告知信: tell you about sth./inform you of sth..
(8) 约稿信: ask you to write an article for sb./sth..
(9) 询问信: obtain/inquire more detailed information about ....
(10) 推荐信: recommend sth./sb.to you.
(11) 祝福/贺信: wish/congratulate sb. sth..
(12) 招聘信: recruit/look for/need a +职业+to do sth.
(13) 投诉信: complain about sth..
(14) 慰问信: I am deeply sorry to hear that…
第二段：具体问题具体分析
罗列要点
主题句。First and foremost,...Additionally,...Last but not least,...
(2) 时间顺序
At first,…. Then, … Finally,…
(3) 话题过渡
By the way,
罗列要点: 主题句。First and foremost,... Additionally/Besides,... Last but not least,...
【例1申请信】
There are three main reasons why I am fit for the position/job. First and foremost, people often say that I am a knowleagble person, for I am crazy about reading./having lived in Boston for half a year as an exchange student, I am undoubtedly good at english speaking and writing.(知识面/语言能力). Additionally, as the captain of our school basketball team, I enjoy working with others and I am always ready to help others.(团队精神和乐于助人).Last but not least, I once worked as a volunteer in China Daily, consequently, I have enough relevant experience. (工作经历).
【例2感谢信】
When I recall those days, I just can't help thinking of you/ what you have done for me. It was so kind of you to help improve my spoken English by chatting with me all the time.(对方做的第一件事). Besides, you introduced several excellent books to me(对方做的第二件事) , which are not only meaningful but also entertaining. Nothing will be able to erase our wonderful memories, and I will cherish them forever.
【例3建议信】
The following suggestions carried out, things would probably become much better. First and foremost, you should/are supposed to chat more with others.(建议1). Additionally, you may as well often help others with their study.(建议2). Last but not least, if I were you, I would take part in more after school activities.(建议3).
【例4求助信】
I wish you would be so kind as to give me some suggestions/help on the following problems. To begin with, I have trouble in doing sth.(困难1),which has annoyed me for quite a long time. Moreover, I find it extremely hard for me to do sth.(困难2), for personally I lack the very basic experience on this matter. Finally, Doing sth. is another terrible headache for me.(困难3)
【例5 邀请信】
Here are some details for the activities. To begin with, the theme of the contest is "human and the nature", which is undoubtedly not only entertaining but also instructive. (活动主题或活动目的) Moreover, it will be in room 501 from 2:00 to 5:00 on the afternoon of June 15th.(活动的地点和时间) What's more, ten outstanding competitors will take part in the contest.(活动人员) Finally, if you need any further information, please call me at 44876655. (其他信息)
(2) 时间顺序At first,…. Then, … Finally/At last,…（同样适用于活动经历等非信件类短文里）
【例1(交通安全教育)讲座的经过】
At first, the officer presented us with some typical cases of traffic accidents, which greatly shocked the students present. Then, the officer analyzed what led to the accidents and stressed the importance of following traffic rules. Finally, he interpreted the traffic regulations in different ways.
(3) 话题过渡 By the way
1.感谢Tom对你英语学习的帮助。
2.询问Mr. Smith的近况并索要其联系方式。
3.邀请Tom来中国过春节。
Whenever I recall those days, I just can’t help thinking of you. It was so kind of you to help improve my spoken English by chatting with me all the time. Besides, you introduced several excellent books to me, which are not only meaningful but also entertaining. Nothing would be able to erase our wonderful memories and I will cherish them forever.
By the way, how is everything going with our teacher, Mr Smith Would you be so kind as to tell me his Twitter or his Facebook I have some questions to ask him.
Besides, the Spring Festival is around the corner! I know you are really interested in our culture; consequently, I, on behalf of my whole family, would like to invite you to come as our guest. Please drop me a line or send me a text message to let me know your decision soon. I am looking forward to your reply.
(1) 申请/求职/应聘信: Hopefully the chance would be offered to me. If chosen/elected, I would dedicate all my energy and wisdom to the company/activity/club/class.
(2) 感谢信: I, on behalf of my whole family/class/school, would like to thank you again for what you have done for me/us.
(3) 邀请信: I’d be more than delighted if you could come.
(4) 建议信: Hopefully these suggestions will be of great help to you.
(5) 求助信: Hopefully your kind and timely help would be offered to me. I'm sure you can solve your problem before long.
(6) 道歉信: Hopefully you would accept my sincere apology.
(7) 告知信: If you have any questions，please let me know．
(8) 约稿信: Hope to hear from you soon.
(9) 询问信: I would appreciate it if you could tell me more information about…
第三段：呼应首句+期待
(11) 祝福/贺信: Best wishes to you and your family！/ We sincerely wish you a quick recovery
(12) 招聘信: More details will be discussed during the interview.
(13) 投诉信: I sincerely hope you can investigate this incident and proper measures should be taken to prevent such an incident happening again.
(14) 慰问信: Best wishes!
邀请信包括宴会、舞会、晚餐、婚礼等各种邀请信件。要求叙事一定要清楚、明白，要写清楚三个方面的内容：
1. 邀请对方参加活动的具体内容、时间和地点。
2. 邀请对方的原因。
3. 期待对方接受邀请。
（一）写作思路
1.邀请信 (Letters of invitation)
信件写作思路和范文
（二）范文
假定你是李华，你校将举办音乐节。请写封邮件邀请你的英国朋友Allen参加，内容包括：
1．时间；
2．活动安排；
3．欢迎他表演节目。
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Allen,
How is everything going Our school will hold a music festival next Sunday morning in the school hall. Since you take much interest in music, I’m writing to invite you to join us.
As scheduled, the opening ceremony will start at 9:00 am, and the schoolmaster will deliver a speech. Additionally, there will be various fantastic performances played by talented students. Furthermore, you are definitely welcome to show up on stage, which will add color and fun to our festival.
I’d be more than delighted if you could come. Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
咨询信是写信人对某方面的信息感兴趣，希望了解详细信息的信件。通常包括三部分内容：
1. 说明自己的计划或目的，也就是询问信息的原因。
2. 征询具体信息。
3. 期待回复并表示感谢。
2.咨询信 (Letters of inquiry)
（一）写作思路
（二）范文
假定你是李华，计划暑假期间去英国学习英语，为期六周。下面的广告引起了你的注意，请给该校写封信，询问有关情况（箭头所指内容）
注意：1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
3．参考词汇：住宿-accommodation
Dear Sir / Madam,
I am a student in China and I plan to go to Britain to attend
a summer school during the vacation．I've seen your ad，and
I'd like to know something more about your six-week English
course．
First，when will the course start and how many class
hours are there per week Besides，I wish there would not be
too many students in a class．I'd also like to know how much I
have to pay for the course and whether accommodation is
included．Would there be host family or university dormitory
I am looking forward to your early reply．
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
求助信是当个人遇到一些自己无法解决的问题或困难时向别人请求帮助的一种书信。通常包括三部分内容：
1. 表明写信目的，请求帮助。
2. 要清晰陈述请求帮助的具体内容。
3. 希望得到帮助。
注意语气委婉、真诚，并要向收信人表示感谢。
3.求助信 (Letters of asking for help)
（一）写作思路
（二）范文
假定你是李华，你和同学根据英语课文改编了一个短剧。给外教Miss Evans写封邮件，请她帮忙指导。邮件内容包括:
1. 剧情简介；
2. 指导内容；
3. 商定时间地点。
Dear Miss Evans,
I’m writing to ask for your guidance on a short play, which is adapted from one of our texts.
The text we have chosen is titled “Wildlife Protection”. It tells a story about a girl named Daisy, who talks with some wild animals and makes up her mind to help protect the environment. We need you to give us some expert guidance on dialogue between characters, body-action, plot, setting, and so on. Could we meet in our school art hall at 8:00 am this Sunday if it is convenient for you
I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
求职信是写信人就某一职位向收信人提出请求的信件。求职信的语言属于正式用语，要用词简洁准确，语气礼貌自信，所给信息要具有可信度。通常包括三部分内容：
1. 要阐述清楚招聘信息的来源与所申请的职位。
2. 简述个人信息。
3. 强调自己的能力并请求给予面试机会。
4.求职信 (Letters of application)
（一）写作思路
（二）范文
假定你是李华，暑假在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展览。请写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：
1. 写信目的；
2. 个人优势；
3. 能做的事情。
Dear Sir or Madam,
I am a Chinese student named Li Hua, who is studying in London during the summer vacation. Knowing that the local art gallery will hold an exhibition of Chinese paintings, I am writing to apply for volunteering.
As a student who has learned Chinese painting since 5 years old, I am very pleased to have an opportunity to introduce Chinese paintings to foreigners. Besides, my fluent spoken English and rich knowledge about Chinese paintings will help visitors understand the meaning behind each painting deeply.
I will appreciate it if I could be given the opportunity. Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
建议信是向别人提出合理的建议，让对方接受自己的想法、主张，解决有关问题。建议信不是投诉信，观点要合情合理，注意礼貌当先。同时，建议信要简洁明确、理由充足，具有合理性和说服力。通常包括以下三部分内容：
1. 说明写信目的;
2. 提出建议与改进措施并给予忠告;
3. 表达希望采纳建议并期盼回复。
5.建议信 (Letters of suggestion)
（一）写作思路
（二）范文
【模拟真题：学习汉语的建议】
假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Sarah的学校开设了汉语课，她打算报名，希望你就如何才能学好汉语给她一点建议。请你根据下列要点写封回信。
1. 对她学习汉语表示鼓励。
2. 外语学习的意义。
3. 你的建议。
Dear Sarah,
Knowing your school offers Chinese courses, I think it is a good idea for you to choose them.
As far as I’m concerned, learning a foreign language makes us have an access to a different culture. It can also help you communicate with people easily.
When it comes to learning Chinese well, here are a few effective learning methods. Firstly, you cannot succeed without interest or perseverance. In addition, it’s very important to listen to the teacher carefully in class. But the most importantly, practice it whenever and wherever you have a chance. Only in this way can you learn Chinese successfully.
Best wishes.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
感谢信是指在日常学习和生活中，当收到馈赠、邀请、赴宴、照顾、慰问、祝贺时，给对方道谢的信件。感谢信应写得真诚、具体、及时。通常包括以下三部分内容：
1.感谢的原因→对方给予的帮助或礼物;
2.对方的作用和对自己的意义→给出细节;
3.再次致谢。
6.感谢信 (Letters of appreciation)
（一）写作思路
（二）范文
假定你是李华，经常帮助你学习英语的朋友Alex即将返回自己的国家。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.表示感谢；
2.回顾Alex对你的帮助；
3.临别祝愿。
Dear Alex,
Hearing your departure, I’m writing to express my sincere gratitude for your generous help.
Last year has witnessed my harvest in English. When I was messed up with all the language obstacles, It was your patience and guidance that enlightened me. Besides, you always offered to revise the language style of my writing practice, which enabled me to savour a dip of authentic English. With cross-cultural notions and visions being exchanging, my knowledge scope was enriched and our friendship has been flourishing!
Attached to the letter is an auspicious Chinese knot. May every moment full of joy on your new stage of life!
Yours,
Li Hua
投诉信是人们在遇到一些不文明现象、所购商品质量差、售后服务不满意等情况下解决问题的一个方法。在语言方面，要注意把握分寸，要公平、公正。投诉信应包括三个方面的内容：
1. 表明写信目的，投诉的内容。
2. 投诉的具体原因。
3. 希望得到的结果。
7.投诉信 (Letters of complaint)
（一）写作思路
（二）范文
假设你是李华，你在网上购买了一部手机，因有质量问题，要求该公司更换。请根据下列要点，用英文写一封电子邮件。
要点：
1.问题:
手机不响铃；
不能发短信；
客服不理睬。
2.要求:
公司应尽快予以更换。
注意:
1.词数:100左右;
2.参考词汇: 配件 spare part
3.电子邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好(不计入总词数)。
Dear Sir or Madam，
（1.陌生介绍人：自我）I’m Li Hua, a 17-year-old teenager who has just bought a cellphone from your online store(此处可以替换). （2.写信目的：提出抱怨）I feel bad to trouble you but I'm afraid that I must make a complaint about it
（3.原本期待）How I wish that I would have enjoyed a 100% satisfaction! （4.糟糕体验1）However, much to my disappointment, it dosen’t ring when I receive any call(此处可以替换). （5.糟糕体验2）Besides, I can't even send or receive text messages(此处可以替换). （6.糟糕体验3）To make matters worse, it still puzzles me that your telephone customer service staff should refuse to answer my questions.
（7.期待改进）Hopefully, for the sake of your reputation, you would look into the matter and make some appropriate improvements. （8.改进建议）For example, why not just change the product for me (此处可以替换) （9.期待回复）Thank you for your consideration and I will be looking forward to your reply.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
道歉信是指因过失或疏忽等做错了事，给别人带来了麻烦或损失，发觉后给对方赔礼道歉并请求对方原谅的信件。通常包括以下三部分内容：
1. 开门见山，表明写信目的，表示歉意；
2. 说明出现差错的原因，提出弥补措施；
3. 再次致歉，请求原谅，希望得到理解。
语言要诚挚，解释的理由要真实)。
8.道歉信 (Letters of apology)
（一）写作思路
（二）范文
假定你是李华，与留学生朋友Bob约好一起去书店，因故不能赴约。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1.表示歉意；
2.说明原因；
3.另约时间。
Dear Bob,
I’m sorry to say that I cannot go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon. I have just found that I have to attend an important class meeting that afternoon. I hope the change will not cause you too much trouble.
Shall we go on Saturday morning We can set out early so that we’ll have more time to read and select books. If it’s convenient for you, let’s meet at 8:30 outside the school gate. If not, let me know what time suits you best. I should be available at any time after school next week.
Yours,
Li Hua
推荐信包括为别人写的推荐信和为自己写的自荐信两种。通常包括三部分内容：
1.先向对方阐明从何种途径获得该职位的消息，有时也可直接介绍要推荐的人的姓名。
2.向对方介绍被推荐人的相关信息(如学历、学习状况、兴趣爱好、特长等)，这些信息必须是正面的，而且与招聘的职位的性质有关。
3.重申被推荐者是该职位的合适人选，并且能胜任该职位。
9.推荐信 (Letters of recommendation)
（一）写作思路
（二）范文
【模拟真题】
假设你是学生会主席李华，学校委托你给即将到你校任教的外籍教师Steven推荐一名学生帮手(assistant)。请根据以下要点给他写一封推荐信。内容包括：
1. 欢迎Steven的到来；
2. 推荐王明为学生帮手（高二年级学生，17岁）；
3. 介绍王明当帮手的优势（计算机水平，沟通能力，英语水平）。
Dear Steven,
I’m Li Hua, chairman of the students’ union. It’s great to learn that you are coming to teach in the next semester in our school.
I was asked to write to you, recommending Wang Ming, a senior 2 student, aged 17, to be your assistant. He is a diligent student, who can use the computer skillfully and has a gift for communicating with others. What’s more, he is expert at spoken English and always ready to help others in need. I am confident that he can be of great help in your work and life in China.
Looking forward to your coming soon.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
约稿信是指报纸、杂志、文化栏目等媒体邀请别人写稿的信件。通常包括以下三部分内容：
1.介绍该媒体的栏目特点和媒体的受众范围。
2.指定稿件的内容(约稿发起人既可以规定要写作的内容，也可让被约稿人根据媒体和栏目的性质自己拟定写作题目和内容)
3.约定稿件大致的篇幅和交稿日期。
10.约稿信 (Letters of manuscript)
（一）写作思路
（二）范文
假定你是李华，你校摄影俱乐部（photography club）将举办国际中学摄影展。请给你的英国朋友Peter写封信。请他提供作品。信的内容包括：
1．主题：环境保护；
2．展览时间；
3．投稿邮箱：intlphotoshow@.
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter,
Our school photography club is going to hold an International High School Student Photography Show. The theme of the show is environmental protection. It will start from June 15th and last for three weeks. Any student who is interested is welcome to participate.
I know you take good pictures and you’ve always wanted to do something for environmental protection. I remember you should me some photos on that theme the last time you visited our school. This is surely a good change for more people to see them. If you want to join, you can send your photos to intlphotoshow@.
Hope to hear from you soon.
Yours,
Li Hua
告知信是指一方告诉另一方某一信息的信件。常考的话题有告知上课计划、会议、招聘信息、电话留言内容、报名事宜、活动安排等事情。高考真题中，告知信需告知的内容均属于积极的信息。告知信的语言要简单明了。通常包括三方面内容：
1.告知写信的目的；
2.讲述其他事情；
3.期待回复。
11.告知信 (Letters of informing)
（一）写作思路
（二）范文
假定你是校排球队队长李华。请写封邮件告知你的队友Chris球队近期将参加比赛，内容包括：
1．比赛信息；
2．赛前准备；
3．表达期待。
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Chris,
Are you excited about our coming volleyball game against Yucai Middle School next Friday Here I’d like to inform you of some detailed information so that you can make full preparations for it．
First and foremost, the competition to be held in our school stadium will begin at 2 pm and last for roughly 3 hours．So significant is the game that it is required that everyone should present themselves punctually．Further, it is necessary for you to take a good rest, which will provide enough energy for you．To sum up，I wish you could live up to the expectations of our school．And I firmly believe hard work will pay off！
Looking forward to our victory!
Yours truly，
Li Hua
回复信是指一方回复另一方某一信息的信件。通常包括三方面内容：
1.收信的心情（或来信中得知询问内容）和写信目的；
2.回答对方询问内容；
3.如有疑问可继续来信，期待答复。
12.回复信 (Letters of replying)
（一）写作思路
（二）范文
假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Terry将去中国朋友家做客，发邮件向你询问有关习俗。请你回复邮件。内容包括：
1．到达时间；
2．合适的礼物；
3．餐桌礼仪。
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Terry，
I am delighted to know you are invited to a dinner party by your Chinese friend. It is a really good opportunity to experience Chinese culture．Now I'd like to offer you some advice.
First of all, you'd better arrive on time because it is polite to be punctual in China. Second, it is a good idea to bring a small gift, such as a bunch of flowers or a box of chocolates if they have young children. Most importantly, the elderly are usually the first to taste the food served on the table because they are well respected in China. Don't forget to praise your friend for the delicious foods he offers．
I hope you will have a great time.
Yours，
Li Hua
祝贺信是指在日常生活中，得知同学或朋友竞赛获奖、考上大学、结婚、过新年或重大节日等，给对方祝贺的信件。祝贺信通常包括以下三部分内容：
1.祝贺事由→所取得的成绩；
2.被祝贺人过去的努力→被祝贺人的优点；
3.表达自己的愿望。
书写时应做到真诚、自然、亲切动人。
13.祝贺信 (Letters of congratulation)
（一）写作思路
（二）范文
假定你是李华，你所喜爱的(Global Mirror)周报创刊五周年之际征集读者见。请你依据以下内容给主编写封信，内容主要包括:
1.说明你是该报的忠实读者
2.赞赏该报优点:
1) 兼顺国内外新闻
2) 介绍名人成功故事
3.提出建议:刊登指导英语学习的文章
注意:
1. 词数100左右，开头语己为你写好；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Editor-in-chief，
Congratulations on the 5th anniversary of Global Mirror!
______________________________________________________________________
Yours truly，
Li Hua
Dear Editor-in-chief，
Congratulations on the 5th anniversary of Global Mirror！
I am Lilua，a high school student who is crazy about your Inewspaper. There are twomain reasons why I like it. For one thing，news about both China and other countries are reported，which has broadened our horizons and enriched our afterschool life. For another，numerous stories on successful figures are introduced；as a result，we are encouraged to struggle for the meaning of our own Iife.
By the way，here is a humble suggestion for you. Why not publish some articles on English study I’m sure they will make your paper more meaningful and instructive.
Best wishes for you and for Global Mirror！
Yours truly,
Li Hua
慰问信是指在同学、亲友考试失利、生病、受伤或遇到火灾、水灾、被盗等不幸事件时，对对方表示慰问的信件。慰问信要写得真诚并注意措辞；要围绕一个中心，鼓励对方并令其得到安慰和鼓舞。内容常包括：
1.对不幸事件表示同情；
2.进行安慰和帮助→鼓励其努力；
3.再次表示同情并希望其早日复原。
14.慰问信 (Letters of consolation/sympathy)
（一）写作思路
（二）范文
(模拟题)假定你是李华，你的英国好友Tom参加了今年的中国好声音(The Voice of China)比赛，没有进入决赛，感到很伤心。请你给他写一封慰问信，要点如下：
1. 表示难过和理解。
2. 失败原因不在于他，而是另有别的缘由。
3. 勉励他不要灰心，来年再战必能成功。
注意：1. 词数100左右。
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom,
I am deeply sad to hear that you could not enter the finals of The Voice of China of this year. I quite understand how you feel now. You have been doing well and your failure is not your own fault, I am sure. However, as we know, failure is the mother of success. I do hope you won’t lose heart and will get ready to try again.
Still you have many more chances to try for you are so young. Fate(命运) only can be changed by working hard, so if you go on practising singing, I am sure you will succeed next year.
Best wishes!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
二、短文类
写作思路
（一）新闻报道
新闻报导就是对客观事实进行报道。新闻报道包括三部分:导语、正文和结语三大部分:也就是说此类作文可以分为三段来写。
1.简要叙述报道核心的内容，包括时间、地点、人物、事件和目的:
2.介绍事件的具体细节或采访的内容;
3.通常对前面内容进行总结或者提出感悟。
有用表达
第一段：1. Last Sunday witnessed an extraordinary cross-country running race, which nearly drew the attention of every student and teacher of our school.
2. A school sports meeting was held in our school last Saturday.
第二段：At first,…. Then, … Finally/At last,…
第三段：1. The activity was highly spoken of/was a great success, because not only did it provide chance for us to exercise/enrich our campus life/help us release pressure, but also made us more cohesive/promote our friendship/make us grow up happy.
2. Not only did we take photos but also we had a picnic at the foot of the mountain.
3. When the volunteers left, all the old people thanked them for their kindness.
4. They said they would remember this wonderful/meaningful day forever.
假定你是李华, 上周日你校举办了5公里越野赛跑活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道, 内容包括:
1. 参加人员:
2. 跑步路线:从校门口到南山脚下:
3. 活动反响。
注意:
1. 写作词数应为80左右:
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Cross-Country Running Race
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A Cross-Country Running Race
Last Sunday witnessed an extraordinary cross-country running race, which nearly drew the attention of every student and teacher of our school.
The students selected from every class took part in the competition. The route measured five kilometers, from our school gate to the foot of Nanshan Mountain. Every runner tried their best to finish the task, with their classmates along the way giving them necessarily help as well as encouragement. At last, all the runners managed to arrive the finish line, receiving cheers from all the directions.
The activity was highly spoken of, because not only did it provide chance for us to exercise, but also made us more cohesive.
写作思路
（二）通知
通知是上级对下级、组织对成员或平行单位之间部署工作、传达事情或召开会议等所使用的应用文。通常包括三部分内容：
(1) 通知的目的、内容（、时间、地点、对象）；
(2) 通知的（时间、地点、对象、）注意事项等等；
(3) 通知的补充说明（如期待答复、收获等等）。
通知要求言简意赅、措辞得当、时间及时。
通知标题一般为NOTICE，居中。然后是正文，正文之后，通知发布的单位或个人通常放在右下角，发布时间也放在右下角。
有用表达
第一段：1.Attention, please! An English short film/meeting/contest/speech/lecture named Growing Together, which introduces the development of our school, will be shown/held in our school on the second floor of the Science Building at 3:00 this Saturday afternoon.
2.To raise our awareness of safety and let us keep away from danger, a first aid training class/meeting/contest/speech/lecture, whose theme is “Stay out of danger and enjoy a safe holiday”, is scheduled to be held/shown in the school lecture hall from 4:00 p.m. to 5:00 p.m. next Wednesday.
第二段：1.Everyone is welcome to take part in the contest / meeting / speech / lecture.
2. Please bring your pens and notebooks with you and attend the meeting/
contest/speech/lecture on time.
3. Those who want to take part in the contest/meeting/speech/lecture, please
sign up before the deadline.
假定你是李华，你负责的英语俱乐部拟在假期
里组织主题为“Stay out of danger and enjoy a safe holiday”急救培训课程。请你用英语写一则通知，内容包括：
1. 时间和地点；
2. 培训内容（观看关于意外受伤的短片，专家教授急救技能等）；
3. 培训课的意义。
Notice
To raise our awareness of safety and let us keep away from danger, a first aid training class, whose theme is “Stay out of danger and enjoy a safe holiday”, is scheduled to be held in the school lecture hall from 4:00 p.m. to 5:00 p.m. next Wednesday.
At the beginning of the class, a short film will be shown, helping us students know what accidental injuries will frequently happen and what harm they will cause. After that, an expert will give a lecture on how to avoid such injuries. Then under his professional guidance, we will learn how to offer first aid to those who get injured.
By attending the class, we can master some basic and practical first aid skills, which is beneficial to us. Don’t miss it.
The English club
写作思路
（三）留言条
一般来说，留言条包括日期、称呼、正文及结尾。日期写在留言条的右上角或左上角，也可省略。给不熟悉的人写留言条时，格式与信件相同；如果写给朋友或熟人，称呼中的Dear和结尾的套语均可省略。
有用表达
第一段：1. I’m going out shopping, and won’t be back until about 5:00 pm.
2. I come to your home/office and you are out for some reasons. There is something you need to know.
第三段：Have a nice day!
假定你是李华，正在英国接受英语培训，住在一户英国人家里。今天你的房东Mrs Wilson不在家，你准备外出，请给Mrs Wilson写一留言条，内容包括：
1. 外出购物
2. 替房东还书
3. Tracy来电话留言：
1) 咖啡屋(Bolton Coffee)见面取消
2) 此事已告知Susan
3) 尽快回电
Mrs. Wilson,
I’m going out shopping, and won’t be back until about 5:00 pm. I have taken with me the two books that you asked me to return to the City Library.
At about 1 o’clock this afternoon, Tracy called, saying that she couldn’t meet you at Bolton Coffee tomorrow morning as she had something important to attend to. She felt very sorry about that, but said that you could set some other time for the meeting. She wanted you to call her back as soon as you are home. She has already told Susan about this change.
Have a nice day!
Li Hua
写作思路
（四）演讲稿
演讲稿是就某个话题或某个目的发表自己的意见或看法而事先准备好的文稿。它能节省时间，集中、有效地围绕议题把话讲好，不至于走题或把话讲错。写演讲稿时，要注意三点：（1）观点要鲜明；（2）条理清晰；（3）语言简洁明快。写作分“三步走”：
1.演讲稿的主题;
2.演讲稿的具体内容;
3.提出期望和祝愿。
有用表达
第一段：1.I am greatly honored to stand here and give a speech about saving ourselves by stopping hunting and eating wild animals.
2.Good morning, dear judges. I'm Candidate No. 1. I'm here to compete for the Young Ambassador for Cultural Exchange.
第三段：1.All in all, only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature, can we stop being a threat to wildlife, to our planet and to ourselves!
2.Being an ambassador, accepting the guests from our sister school will surely offer me a perfect chance to open up my vision of the world and to spread the essence（精华）of Chinese culture. I sincerely hope to be approved of the privilege（特权/优待）.
结尾：That’s all. Thank you for your listening!
你们学校举行了一场演讲比赛，主题为：保护野生动物，就是保护人类自己。请你根据人们近些年因贪吃野味导致病毒跨物种传播为例写一篇演讲稿。
Distinguished ladies and gentlemen,
I am greatly honored to stand here and give a speech about saving ourselves by stopping hunting and eating wild animals.
Late last year, an unknown new coronavirus crept through the population, turning into a pneumonia outbreak that put the country on high alert in just a month or two. Throughout human history, the consumption of wild animals and the destruction of their living habitats by human beings have greatly increased the contact between humans and animals, causing the deadly viruses of all kinds to spread from wild animals to human populations.
All in all, only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature, can we stop being a threat to wildlife, to our planet and to ourselves!
That’s all. Thank you!
写作思路
（五）倡议书
倡议书格式一般由称呼、正文、结尾、落款四部分组成，有些倡议书还根据需要加是了适当的标题。
（1）称呼。写称呼的目的是为了明确倡议的对象，一般要依据倡议的对象而选用适当的称呼，如：“Dear friends”，“Dear schoolmates”，“Dear editor”，“Dear students”等。 　　
（2）正文。倡议意在引起他人的响应，这就要求作者须清楚说明倡议背景、原因，申明倡议目的，做到让人信服，人们才能响应并自觉行动。倡议的内容也要具体，要写明有什么作用。一般倡议的内容可为几点来写的，这样倡议的对象更容易看清，更容易明白，效果也更好。 　　
（3）结尾。结尾可表明倡议者的决心和希望或者提出某种建议，但是一般不在结尾用些表示敬意或祝愿的话。 　　
（4）落款。在右下方署名发出倡议的集体或倡议者的姓名。
有用表达
第一段：1.We all feel concerned when seeing leftovers piled in the bins of the canteen. To arouse our awareness of saving food, our school is to launch a campaign against food waste.
2.On behalf of the Students' Union, I am writing to call on everyone to take part in our summer program named Care for the Aged.
第三段：1.Treasuring food is a Chinese traditional virtue. Remember, every grain comes after hard work. Let's save food and do it from now!
2. Please don’t hesitate to join us and protect our environment now. It is our small actions that count!
3. It is high time that sb did sth. Don’t hesitate, everybody. let's do sth.
请你代表学生会在学校英文报上写一封倡议书，谈谈中学生要用实际行动保持环境。要点如下：
1. 现在环境情况不令人满意；
2. 倡议：出行时多步行或骑自行车，不乱扔垃圾等。
Dear Friends,
Do you love your present living environment Maybe most of your answer is not! If so, keeping the following in mind can help you achieve your aim!
For one thing, we might as well go to work or school on foot or by bike every day, building up our body. For another, never throwing rubbish around does play an important role in protecting our environment, helping us own a more pleasant living environment. Only in this way can we make our city more and more attractive and harmonious.
Please don’t hesitate to join us and protect our environment now. It is our small actions that count!
The Students’ Union
写作思路
（六）日记
英语日记一般以第一人称记录当天发生的事件或是自己感受最深的事，可分为记事、议论、描写、抒情等。写英语日记要注意下面几点：
一、格式
英语日记由书端和正文组成。书端指写日记的星期、日期和天气，顶格写在左上角，先写星期，再写日期，最后写天气。(例如：Friday February 26th, 2022 Sunny)
二、写正文时应注意的问题
1. 围绕一个主题来展开。
2. 若无法用已学语言知识来表达某种意思，可采用“同义转换法”。
3. 结尾最好用一句话来总结自己的感想或体会。
有用表达
第一段：1.This afternoon I took part in an organized activity with the theme of “Human Activities and Wildlife Protection” in the science museum /zoo/ museum/park.
2.Last Sunday morning, our school organized a visit with the theme of “Human Activities and Wildlife Protection” to the science museum/zoo/museum/park.
第三段：1. From the activity/visit, I learn that at present the environment is being destroyed because of people’s harmful activities, which causes a decrease of wildlife.
2. From the activity/visit, we learned more about wild animals and realized the importance of protecting them as well.
2.All in all, I benefited a lot from today’s activity/visit.
假设你是李华，今天(星期六，4月1日，多云)学校组织去科学馆参加题为“Human Activities and Wildlife Protection”的活动。请围绕这次活动写一篇日记。要点如下：
1. 野生动植物的现状。
2. 保护野生动植物的意义。
3. 保护野生动植物的措施。
注意：1. 词数100左右。
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
写作思路
（七）启事
启事是为了公开说明某事而刊登或张贴的文字。启事的种类繁多，内容广泛，常见的有招领、寻物、征集、迁移、展览、招聘等。
启事的一般写法是：
1、标题要在正文上面中间用大写字母写出；
2、另起一行，空格后开始写正文；
3、落款写在右下方，一般是启事单位的名称启事人的姓名。
有用表达
第一段：(1)The traditional Chinese painting club founded two weeks ago is looking for new members.
(2) Articles themed “Every Person Is Remarkabl” are needed.
第二段：(1)By participating in our well-organized activities, you will benefit a great deal from them. Not only can you cultivate your patience and imagination, but also you can reach a higher level of artistic thinking. Learning traditional Chinese painting, you will get easier access to our excellent history and culture, which can nurture your mind.
(2) All contributions are expected to be original with factual and educational stories within 1000 words. Your compositions can be written in any form, that is -story, essay or poem. whichever is OK.
第三段：Students of all grades are welcome. If you are interested, please fill in the application form and send it to the email address at Traditional Chinese Painting@ before May 7, 2022. Please join us now.
假定你是某国际学校的学生，最近你参与创办了一个传统中国画社团，正打算向全校招募成员，请你以社团的名义写一则招募启事，内容如下：
1.启事目的；
2.加入社团的好处；
3.如何加入。
New Members Wanted
The traditional Chinese painting club founded two weeks ago is looking for new members.
By participating in our well-organized activities, you will benefit a great deal from them. Not only can you cultivate your patience and imagination, but also you can reach a higher level of artistic thinking. Learning traditional Chinese painting, you will get easier access to our excellent history and culture, which can nurture your mind.
Students of all grades are welcome. If you are interested, please fill in the application form and send it to the email address at Traditional Chinese Painting@ before May 7, 2022. Please join us now.
Traditional Chinese Painting Club
你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括:
1. 人物简介；
2. 尊敬和爱戴的原因。
注意:
1. 词数100左右；
2. 短文题目和首句已为你写好。
The person I respect
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
（八）介绍性短文
The person I respect
There are many respectable people around us. They may be our teachers, parents or one of our elders. As for me, my father is the person I respect most.
My father is a teacher who loves his work and his students very much. He works very hard every day but he will also spare some time to accompany me and share many funny things with me about his work. When I come across the problems of learning in my study, my father will listen to me patiently and encourage me to overcome the difficulties bravely. He achieved a lot in his work, respected by his students.
So, in my mind my father is the person I respect most and I love him deeply.
The person I respect
There are many respectable people around us. Take my neighbor Uncle Li for example.
He is a volunteer who works as a gate guard in our community during the epidemic of COVID-19, and his main duty is to measure body temperature and check the passes for exit and entry. Regardless of the risk of getting infected, Uncle Li is responsible and devoted to his job. Even in terrible weather, he still sticks to his post and leaves no one unchecked. Thanks to his efforts in epidemic prevention and control, our neighborhood has been in a good state.
Actually, there are many selfless people like Uncle Li around us, and they well deserve our respect.
The person I respect
There are many respectable people around us. And the person I respect most is my physics teacher. She’s of medium height, with long and blonde hair. She is so patient with each student that we all like her.
It’s her friendliness and the sense of responsibility that make me admire her. When I failed the exam last month and was in low spirits, she patted me gently on the shoulder and gave me great encouragement. She teaches us not only how to gain knowledge but also how to be a good person. Having set a great example to us students, she fully deserves my respect.
上周末，你和同学参加了一次采摘活动。请你为班级英语角写一篇短文，介绍这次活动，内容包括:
1. 农场情况；
2. 采摘过程；
3. 个人感受
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 题目已为你写好。
My Weekend
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
My Weekend
Last weekend，we took part in a picking activity. We drove from the school, and the farm was about 2 kilometers away from our school.
When we arrived at the farm, there are all kinds of animals, green fresh vegetables and fruit trees on the farm. We were divided into two groups. One group was responsible for picking fruits, and the other packed up the fruits. Time flying quickly, the activity was over. But it was a meaningful day, when we learned a lot.
Through this activity, we know how hard the farmers are and how precious the food is. We should treasure the food planted by the farmers.
一家英语报社向中学生征文，主题是“十年后的我”、请根据下列要求和你的想象完成短文。
1．家庭
2．工作
3．业余生活
注意：1．次数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头语已为你写好
I often imagine what my life will be like in the future．_____
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I often imagine what my life will be like in the future．I think my life will be very different in ten years．
I will be twenty-eight years old by then．I will have my own family，probably with a lovely child．I hope I'll work in a computer company as a program designer．I'll enjoy my work and get along well with my colleagues．I'll do a good job in whatever I do．In my free time，I'll continue to take regular exercise，such as swimming，running and various ball games．On my holidays，I'll travel around the world．
In a word，my life will be much richer and more colorful．

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