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Unit 4 I used to be afraid of the dark.
人教新目标版 九年级上
SectionA 2d
Grammar Focus-4c公开课
Learning objectives
1．教会学生掌握词汇European，African，British，speech，public，in public。
2．教会学生正确使用“used to”结构谈论自己及他人在外貌、性格、兴趣爱好及生活等方面的变化。
3．指导学生能通过学习，培养自己遇到困难不放弃的心态。
4. 正确使用本课语法要点，熟练运用used to的各种句型描述自己或他人的变化。
5. 通过本课的学习，学会正确的评价和审视他人。
How to talk about changes
Appearance
Personality
Hobbies
interests
Others
1.What did you use to be I used to ...
2.She used to ...
3.He used to...didn’t he
Revision
Make a survey in your group about who has changed most. Then make a report.
Past Now
Appearance
Personality
Hobby
eg. A: What did you use to be like
B: I used to have straight hair, but now I have curly hair.
C:I used to..., but now I...
Group Work
Time can change a lot of things. In our group, _____ changes most.
He/she used to … but now he/she…
Today, there is a great party to see how people have changed.
New drills
Watch the video and then answer the questions.
1. What are they talking about
2. What did Billy use to be
3. What is Billy like now
They are talking about Billy’s changes.
He used to be shy, quiet and thin.
He is big, strong and popular.
Read and talk about Bill’s changes.
Bill’s changes In the past Now
Personality He used to be _____________. He is so _________.
Appearance He used to be ___________________. How _______________
he is now！
Hobbies He used to______ in the library.
When talking to girls His face used to _________ when he talked to girl. All the girls _______________.
shy and quiet
thin and wear glasses
read
turn red
popular
big and strong
are around him
2d
Listen again and repeat.
Alfred: This party is such a great idea!
Gina: I agree. It’s been three years since we last saw our
primary school classmates.
Alfred: It’s interesting to see how people have changed.
Gina: Billy has changed so much! He used to be so shy and
quiet.
Alfred: Yeah, his face always turned red when he talked to
girls!
Gina: I used to see him reading in the library every day.
Alfred: That’s because he was a really good student. He
studied hard and got good scores on his exams.
Gina: Did he use to wear glasses
Alfred: Yes, and he used to be thin, too. But look how big and
strong he is now!
Gina: He’s so popular now. Look at all the girls around him!
This party is such a great idea.(开)派对是如此好的一个主意。
He used to be so shy and quiet.他以前是如此害羞文静。
such为形容词, “这(那)样的”, 主要修饰名词;
so是副词, 意为“这(那)么; 如此地”, 主要修饰形容词或副词。
注意：
1.当名词前有many, much, few或little等词修饰时, 要用so而不用such。
2.such +a / an+形容词+可数名词单数， 相当于so+形容词+a / an +可数名词单数，表示“如此……的一个……”。
Language points
【活学活用】1) 今天天气这么好我可以去钓鱼了。 ________________________________
2) 她是这个如此可爱的女孩。
______________________________
She is such a lovely girl. = She is so lovely a girl.
Today is so nice that I can go fishing.
=Today is such a nice day that I can go fishing.
用such或so填空。
1) The man told us ____ funny a story.
2) She has _____ a beautiful dress.
3) How can you get ____ much money to buy the car
4) Don’t go out in ______ cold weather.
5) Don’t eat _____ quickly.
so
such
so
such
so
It’s been three years since we last saw our primary school
classmates.自从我们上次看到我们的小学同学起到现在有三年了。
since 引导一个句子或时间点，相当于for 引导时间段，对应的主句是相应持续性动词的完成时态。非持续性动词对应的时间是时间点。“It has been +一段时间+since+一般过去时的句子”意为“自从……以来已经过去了多长时间”。
【活学活用】1) 自从我们搬到这里, 时间已经过去10年了。________________________________
2) (湖北黄冈) — I can hardly believe my eyes. Is that you, Lucy
— Yes. It has been almost 20 years ______ we were together.
A. since B. before C. after D. until
It has been ten years since we moved here.
I used to see him reading in the library every day.以前我经常看到他每天在图书馆看书。
感官动词see可以跟动词-ing形式作宾语补足语，即see sb. doing sth.，表示看见某人正在做某事，强调看到事情正在发生；也可以跟不带to的动词不定式(短语)作宾语补足语，即see sb. do sth.，表示看见某人做某事，强调看到事情发生的整个过程。
【活学活用】1) ( 山东莱芜) When I walked past the park, I saw
some old people ______ Chinese Taiji.
A. do B. did C. doing D. are doing
2) ( 贵州安顺)I saw some boy students ______ basketball when I passed the playground.
A. played B. plays C. playing D. to play
Role-play the conversation.
Alfred: This party is...!
Gina: I agree. It’s ....
Alfred: It’s interesting ...
Gina: Billy has ...! He ....
Alfred: Yeah, his face...!
Gina: I used to ....
Alfred: That’s .... He studied ....
Gina: Did he...
Alfred: Yes, and he .... But...!
Gina: He’s so .... Look ...!
Gina
Alfred
Role play
Retell the conversation.
It’s interesting to see how …has changed.
… has changed a lot.
Billy
Now
shy and quiet
wear glasses and be thin
His face…turn red when…girls
a good student
read in the library
study hard
get good scores
In the past
big and strong ; popular
Look at all the girls around him.
For example
Billy has changed so much! He used to be _______ and _______. His face always ______ ______ when he talked to girls! He studied hard and got good ________ on his exams. He used to be _______, but now he is ______ and ________. He becomes _______ among girls. Look at all the girls around him.
shy
quiet
turned
red
scores
thin
big
strong
popular
1. 我以前是矮个子。
I ______ ____ be short.
2. 我以前在学校不受欢迎。
I ______ _____ to be popular in school.
3. Paula以前真的很安静。
Paula _____ ____ be really quiet.
4. 她以前不喜欢小测验。
She ______ ___ ___ like tests.
didn’t use
used to
used to
didn’t use to
Practice
Fill in the blanks.
5. 你以前很矮, 不是吗？
You used to be short, ______ ____
是的, 我是。/ 不, 我不是。
Yes, I _____. / No, I _______.
6. 他以前戴眼镜吗？
____ he _____ ___ wear glasses
是的, 他戴。/ 不, 他不戴。
Yes, he ____. / No, he ______.
didn’t you
Did use to
did didn’t
did didn’t
used to是一个固定结构，它的意思是“过去经常、以前常常”，它的后面用动词原形，它表示过去存在某种状态或者过去的某种经常性、习惯性的行为或者动作，并意味着这种动作目前已经不存在，所以它只能用一般过去时，不能用现在时态。
【语法讲解】
used to只用于一般过去时态，没有人称和数的变化。
I
You /We/They
He /She/It
used to
eat breakfast at 7 a.m. every day.
used可当作实义动词，变否定句要用助动词did。used当作情态动词，变否定句直接在used后面加not。
1.肯定句式：主语＋ used to ＋动词原形...
We used to play the drums together.我们以前一起打鼓。
Gina used to be a shy girl, but now she’s outgoing.
吉娜以前是个害羞的女孩, 但是现在她很开朗。
2.否定句式：
used not
主语 + to do sth.
didn’t use
Mike used not to study hard.
= Mike didn’t use to study hard. 迈克过去不努力学习。
【used to的句式变化讲解】
3.一般疑问句式：
美式英语通常用A种形式，英式英语用B种形式。
A) Did＋主语＋use to＋动词原形...？
答语：Yes, sb. did. / No, sb. didn’t.
B) Used＋主语＋to＋动词原形...？
答语：Yes, sb. used to. / No, sb. used to.
—Did you use to go to museums 你以前常去博物馆吗？
—Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t. 是的。/ 不是。
—Did he use to / Used he to play the guitar 他过去弹吉他吗？
—Yes,he did./No,he didn't. 是的。/ 不是。
4.Used to 的反义疑问句
主语+used to do sth, didn't +主语？/ used not+主语？
—Your brother used to have noodles for breakfast, didn’t he
你哥哥过去早餐常吃面条, 不是吗？
He used to watch a lot of TV, didn’t he /used not he
注意：1)回答反义疑问句和回答其他一般疑问句的结构一样。如果答语是肯定的，用“Yes +肯定结构”如果答语是否定的，用“No +肯定结构”
2) 回答陈述部分为否定句的反义疑问句时，Yes或是No的汉语意思与它们本身的词义相反。
—You didn't go to work, didn't you 你没有去上班，对吗？
— Yes, I did. / No, I didn't. 不，我上班了。/是的，我没上班。
【used to其他用法讲解】
He always used to be late for class. 他过去常常上课迟到。
1.used to 的状语可以用副词always，often，sometimes等，但是仍然是过去的习惯，不是指现在的习惯，所以不能用一般现在时。
2.used to可以用在there be结构中表示“过去经常有”的意思。
There used to be a lot of teachers in the school.
There used to be a clever old man in the village.
3.used to 用于省略句时，肯定式保留to，否定式不保留to。
—Used you to play basketball ——你过去常打篮球吗？
—Yes, I used to. (No, I usedn't.)
【链接】几个易混结构的比较：
结构 意义 to的作用
used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 不定式
符号
use ... to do sth. 用……做…… be used to do sth. 被用来做…… be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 介词
Practice
1. Mrs. Hang _________________ (过去常常散步) after dinner.
2.Paul _________________ (以前常常吃午饭) in the restaurant, but now
he _______________________ (习惯吃午饭) at home.
3.The house _______________ .(被用来住)
used to take a walk
used to have lunch
is used to having lunch
is used to live in
4. Jim used to play computer games after school. (改为否定句)
Jim ___________ play computer games after school.
5. Tony used to keep silent in class. (改为一般疑问句)
______________ keep silent in class
didn’t use to
Did Tony use to
Write sentences about the past using used to.
4a
1. Grace/watch a lot of TV/watch a lot of movies
_________________________________
_________________________________
Grace used to watch a lot of TV. She didn’t use to watch a lot of movies.
2. my mom/have curly hair/have straight hair
________________________________
_________________________________
My mom used to have curly hair. She didn’t use to have straight hair.
点拨：将第一个动作用肯定句来描述过去常进行的活动；将第二个动作用否定句来描述过去不常进行的活动。
3. Jerry/read books on European
history/ read books on African culture
_________________________________
_________________________________
_________________________________
Jerry used to read books on European history. She didn’t use to read books on African culture.
4. Sandy /teach British English / teach
American English
_______________________________
_______________________________
Sandy used to teach British English.
She didn’t use to teach American English.
Look at the information and write sentences about Emily.
4b
Five years ago Now
didn’t eat a lot of vegetables loves carrots and tomatoes
listened to pop music enjoys country music
watched scary movies hates scary movies
didn’t read a lot of books reads at least six books a year
e.g. Emily didn’t use to eat a lot of vegetables, but now she loves carrots and tomatoes.
2. Emily used to listen to pop music,
but now she enjoys country music.
3. Emily used to watch scary movies,
but now she hates them.
4. Emily didn’t use to read a lot of books, but now she reads at least six books a year.
Me I used to be afraid of… I’m still afraid of…
the dark
being alone
flying
high places
giving a speech in public
n. 讲话, 发言
in public 公开地
give a speech 演讲
4c
Which of these things did you use to be afraid of Which ones are you still afraid of Check the boxes and then ask your partner.
My partner My partner used to be afraid of… My partner is still afraid of…
the dark
being alone
flying
high places
giving a speech in public
in public 公开地; 在别人(尤指生人)面前
in person 亲身；亲自
in surprise 惊讶地
in fact 其实；事实上
in silence 沉默；无声
in trouble 处于困境中
in danger 处于危险中
“in + n.” 短语
e.g. I don’t like making speeches in public.
PART.01
Homework
Review the language points and grammar we’ve learned today.
Practice the conversation 2d on page 26.
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