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濮阳市一高2022级高二上学期第一次质量检测
英语试题
(时间：120分钟 满分：150分)
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Four Best Language Exchange Apps
HelloTalk
HelloTalk is a language exchange application that allows you to talk with others from around the world for free. You can write a brief summary about yourself in your profile (简介), choose your native language and select the language and level that you’re currently learning. Then you’re able to search for native language partners from around the world! What sets HelloTalk apart from similar apps is that native speakers can edit your messages and correct your grammar while you chat together.
Lext Talk
Lext Talk is an application that allows users to connect with people from around the world. Once your profile is complete, you can select which language you speak and which language you’d like to learn. A very convenient feature that Lext Talk offers is its map. Users can use Lext Talk’s map to search for language partners in their areas, or find a partner in a specific region.
Doongle
Like the feature of Lext Talk but you have an Android phone Don’t worry, there’s a similar app for all Android users too! Doongle allows its users to share voice messages, photos and more. Like Lext Talk, Doongle also has a map feature. Doongle offers a particular group chat feature, where you can talk about English grammar or share tips on how to make a pizza with others.
italki
With italki, you get to choose your teachers based on your interests and goals. You pay per lesson but you get what you pay for. You can choose to take lessons anytime and anywhere to your liking. If you don’t know which teacher to choose, don’t worry. All teachers will have a video introduction of themselves and you could also judge by looking through previous reviews from students.
21. What’s special about HelloTalk
A. It is the best application to learn grammar. B. Users’ errors can be corrected in the message.
C. HelloTalk offers quality lessons at a low price. D. Users can choose language partners by gender.
22. Which offers professional guidance to a language learner
A. HelloTalk. B. Lext Talk. C. Doongle. D. italki.
23. What can be inferred from the text
A. Doongle doesn’t have a map feature. B. HelloTalk doesn’t offer a text chat feature.
C. Lext Talk is not suitable for Android users. D. italki doesn’t offer much detail of teachers.
B
Frederick Phiri is the junk-art king of Zambia: at just 22, he started to earn an international reputation for being able to make complex and elegant sculptures from scrap (废弃的) metal found in his community.
Phiri’s father died when he was starting primary school. Then his mother abandoned him and he had to stay with his grandfather. His grandfather paid for his schooling through primary school but when he entered secondary school, he had to get various jobs to pay for his fees. Yet even in school, he was always drawing and making things in class.
After graduating, he did what he could to support himself by making animal sculptures from wires and sold them to tourists. His work was so popular that it caught the eye of Karen Beattie, director of Project Luangwa, a nonprofit organization dedicated to education and economic development in central Africa.
“I introduced him to a local welder (焊工).” Beattie told Newsweek.
In 2017, Phiri worked with welder Moses Mbewe during the rainy season, helping to make a complex set of doors for Project Luangwa. The piece sparked an idea in Beattie’s mind: “I handed him a bunch of scrap metal and said, ‘Make something with this.’ And he did. It was wonderful.”
Today, Phiri continues his art, using pieces of junk people bring him keys, broken bike chains, old metal plugs and whatever scrap metal is lying around. He then turns the junk into abstract animals—elephants, cranes, giraffes, chameleons—and sells them at Project Luangwa headquarters. The community has recognized his talents.
“My dream is to earn enough to study art at the Evelyn Hone College in Lusaka and be able to make a living from it,” Phiri said, “and then to make very large sculptures.”
24. What is Phiri known for
A. Serving his community. B. Collecting works of art.
C. Being the king of Zambia. D. Turning trash into treasure.
25. What can we learn about Phiri from paragraph 2
A. He had an unhappy childhood. B. He paid for his primary schooling.
C. He had to support his grandfather. D. He missed school to do part-time jobs.
26. How does Phiri feel about his future
A. Uncertain. B. Confident. C. Depressed. D. Satisfied.
27. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. A Successful Path of Art B. The Junk-art King of Zambia
C. A Young Man’s Wildest Dream D. The Modern Junk Works of Art
C
Whom should you marry Where should you live How should you spend your time For centuries, people have relied on their gut instincts (直觉) to figure out the answers to these life-changing questions. Now, though, there is a better way. We are living through a data explosion, as vast amounts of information about all aspects of human behavior have become more and more accessible. We can use this big data to help determine the best course to chart.
There has long been overwhelming and often surprising evidence that algorithms (算法) can be much better than people at making difficult decisions. Researchers have collected data on various kinds of choices people make, the information they base those choices on, and how things turn out. They have found, for example, that a simple data-driven algorithm would have been better than judges at deciding whether a defendant should stay in jail (监狱) or be released; better than doctors at deciding whether a patient should get a procedure; and better than school principals at deciding which teachers should be promoted.
The power of data analysis has been proved in the sports and business worlds, too. As made famous by the book and movie Moneyball, baseball teams found that algorithms were better than scouts (物色优秀运动员的人) at picking players, and better than managers at picking strategies. In finance, the hedge fund (避险基金) Renaissance Technologies dramatically defeated competitors by seeking out patterns in stock market data and using them to inform its investment strategy. Tech firms in Silicon Valley have found that data from experiments provides better insights into how to design their websites than designers could.
These are the early days of the data revolution in decision-making. I am not claiming that we can completely outsource (外包) our lifestyle choices to algorithms, though we might get to that point in the future. I am claiming instead that we can all dramatically improve our decision-making by consulting evidence mined from thousands or millions of people who faced dilemmas similar to ours. And we can do that now.
28. What makes people better at finding answers to life-changing questions
A. People’s better gut instincts. B. Changed human behavior.
C. The modern information era. D. Various courses accessible.
29. According to paragraph 2, algorithms might NOT defeat people in ________.
A. court rulings B. job promotions C. operative estimations D. teaching practices
30. What can we learn from paragraph 3
A. The plot of the movie Moneyball is related to successful data analysis.
B. Scouts and managers are not needed in successful baseball teams.
C. The hedge fund Renaissance Technologies had some financial problems.
D. Tech firms in Silicon Valley mainly relied on data to design websites.
31. Which of the following will the author most probably agree with
A. The modern information era is mature enough to take advantage of.
B. People should outsource all the lifestyle choices to algorithms.
C. With big data people can learn from countless similar examples.
D. Face-to-face consultation will be the major trend in the future.
D
Gardeners who use pesticides are contributing to the decline of British songbirds, a study suggests. Scientists have urged people to stop “spraying their gardens with poisons” in order to halt bird decline and adopt instead wildlife-friendly practices. The results of the University of Sussex study, which researchers call the first of its kind, were published in the journal Science of the Total Environment.
The experiment, which surveyed 615 gardens in Britain, found 25% fewer house sparrows when glyphosate (草甘膦) was used regularly. This is an ingredient found in commonly used herbicide (除草剂) brands such as Roundup or Gallup. Slug pellets (鼻涕虫杀虫剂) also seemed to have an impact on bird sightings; in gardens where Slug pellets were used, house sparrow numbers were down by almost 40%.
Prof. Dave Goulson, of the school of life sciences at the University of Sussex, said, “The UK has 22 million gardens, which collectively could be a fantastic refuge for wildlife, but not if they are overly tidy and sprayed with poisons. We just don’t need pesticides in our gardens. Many towns around the world are now pesticide free. We should simply ban the use of these poisons in urban areas, following the example of France.” The Royal Horticultural Society, the UK’s leading gardening charity, said the use of pesticides and herbicides should be avoided if possible and they should only be used, if ever, in small and targeted applications.
The research also found that those who adopted wildlife-friendly practices such as planting native shrubs and flowers, or digging a wildlife pond, saw more birds than those who did not. Cannelle Tassin de Montaigu, a PhD researcher within the school of life sciences and an author of the study, said, “It’s encouraging to find that simple measures, such as planting native shrubs and trees and creating a pond, together with avoiding the use of pesticides, really make a measurable difference to the number of birds you will see in your garden.”
32. What does the underlined word “halt” in paragraph 1 most probably mean
A. Stop. B. Attract. C. Note. D. Witness.
33. Why are the statistics mentioned in paragraph 2
A. To reveal the severe influence of pesticides on birds.
B. To compare the effects of two kinds of pesticides.
C. To convince readers of the importance of house sparrows.
D. To help gardeners choose the proper pesticides.
34. What can be inferred from Prof. Dave Goulson’s words
A. The ideal places for wildlife in the UK are extremely tidy gardens.
B. The gardens in the UK are so tidy that pesticides are not needed.
C. Pesticides should be prohibited from use throughout the UK.
D. Some countries like France have made urban areas pesticide free.
35. What is the last paragraph mainly about
A. Alternative methods to keep gardens tidy. B. Assistant ways to increase the number of birds.
C. Gardeners’ attitudes towards the experiment. D. Other researchers’ interest in the experiment.
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Watching wildlife safely is the responsibility of all park visitors. When you visit some national parks, you are entering animals’ habitat. 36 If not, wildlife may face the following serious risks when you get close enough to interact with them.
Consequences of Physical Contact with People
Some animals, from bison to birds, may be rejected by their parents if they have contact with humans. 37 In addition, wildlife can get injured when they try to escape people who have gotten too close, especially if they are near human structures or roads.
Fatal Diseases from People and Pets
Our domestic pets can also pose real dangers to the wildlife within parks. Both pets and people may have diseases that they can give to wildlife. Sadly, there are many examples of wildlife in parks dying from diseases given to them by pets and humans. For example, heartworm from cats can kill wildlife such as foxes, coyotes, bobcats, and mountain lions. Black-footed ferrets die from the flu if humans are sick and get too close. 38 So keeping your pets vaccinated can keep them and wildlife safe.
Dangers of Eating Human Food and/or Trash (垃圾)
When visitors intentionally or unintentionally feed wildlife, it has negative effects on the wildlife. Some of the dangers to wildlife include shorter lives. The best way for wildlife to have a healthy diet and live healthy lives is to search for food as they would naturally. Relying on human food or trash left out puts wildlife at risk.
39 Animals becoming used to and attracted to human food will actively seek out human food. This in the worst cases can make them dangerous. Ground squirrels can bite, deer have sharp antlers (鹿角), and bears can get into cars or tents in search of food. 40 It means they may be killed by park managers for safety reasons.
It’s important to understand how your actions may affect the wildlife in parks. When you respect wildlife, you help protect park animals and yourself.
A. These animals must be removed.
B. You need to behave like a polite guest.
C. Wolves can be infected by virus from dogs.
D. So it’s best to resist the urge to pet and hold them.
E. Actually, some of them may behave in a strange way.
F. Observing wildlife in their native habitat can be an educational and fun experience.
G. Learning to eat human food can also change the way that wildlife interact with people.
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My parents, siblings and I took our first camping trip to the Lake Houston Wilderness Park recently.
We had finished putting up the 41 when it suddenly started to rain. Luckily we had 42 our tent on a high flat ground where water could not pour in. Mom got some snacks and drinks ready for us while we played games and 43 about our daily life, which made wet-weather camping fun. How 44 it was camping under the sound of the rain! We were gathered around in the center of 45 and it was a nice feeling. Even with the rain, I had never been so 46 .
The rain died down before dark and the sky turned clear. Soon, Mom 47 a big meal over the fire for the family. I sensed that a hot meal and good 48 would warm us right up. While we ate together, Dad 49 at the stars and told us about his childhood. As we laughed and 50 on our days, the stars shone like diamonds at night.
The following day, we had a good time 51 the rocky trails around our campsite. 52 hiking in the forest, we had a lovely late afternoon boating. It was amazing to see the 53 changing rays of the sunset behind the pine trees. That evening we packed up our 54 and headed home.
I am very grateful for this camping trip, which has left us unforgettable 55 .
41. A. roof B. shelf C. fence D. tent
42. A. positioned B. attached C. approached D. checked
43. A. felt B. chatted C. argued D. complained
44. A. strange B. powerful C. unique D. beneficial
45. A. culture B. society C. nature D. space
46. A. happy B. lucky C. curious D. confident
47. A. desired B. prepared C. ordered D. delivered
48. A. impression B. adventure C. show D. conversation
49. A. yelled B. pointed C. laughed D. wondered
50. A. set out B. went back C. caught up D. looked down
51. A. paving B. cleaning C. exploring D. searching
52. A. Due to B. Apart from C. Instead of D. As for
53. A. dramatically B. casually C. regularly D. completely
54. A. goods B. tools C. harvests D. belongings
55. A. encounters B. coincidences C. discoveries D. memories
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案写在答题卡上。
The Badlands National Park, one of the most popular attractions in western South Dakota, contains one of the world’s richest fossil 56 (bed). Scientists believe that 33 million years ago, a watering hole was located in the Badlands and that a drought forced mammals to travel long distances 57 (detect) water. Ancient horses, turtles, and hornless rhinos once 58 (live) here. Nowadays, the park is mainly home 59 mammals like big horn sheep, antelopes, and deer, 60 wander the 244,000 acres of the park. The park is also a reintroduction site of the endangered black-footed ferret (雪貂), one of the world’s 61 (rare) mammals.
Visitors can enjoy hiking on eight routes from 400 meters to 160 kilometers long and 62 (camp) at Cedar Pass Campground with attractive scenic views. Badlands National Park has no formal reservation system, but visitors ought to obey some rules. Firstly, apply for 63 pass ahead of time. Maps are 64 (strong) recommended and are available for purchase in the Badlands bookstore. Besides, campfires 65 (ban) under any circumstances. Finally, remember to take away all garbage, including toilet paper, and all human waste must be buried in a small hole 6 inches deep and a minimum of 200 feet from any water source.
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作 (满分15分)
假如你是安吉市民李华，请以“Welcome to China Bamboo Expo Park”为题写一篇英文稿，介绍并宣传安吉竹博园。内容包括：
（1）基本信息：位于电影《卧虎藏龙》的拍摄地安吉县，占地面积80万平方米，有近400种竹子；
（2）公园特色：与竹子有关的活动、观赏熊猫吃竹子、特色餐厅等；
（3）邀请游客前来游玩。
注意：
（1）词数80左右；
（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
卧虎藏龙：Crouching Tiger; Hidden Dragon竹笋：bamboo shoots
Welcome to China Bamboo Expo Park
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第二节 读后续写 (满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成篇完整的短文。
Poor Jack lost his sight at the age of six after a car accident. He was cornered in his dark world. An already terrible life now looked completely hopeless. His mother tried to encourage him, but nothing she said could help him at all.
Later Jack did nothing but lie in bed, sighing all day. His mother felt miserable, telling him to live with his disability, work hard and change his life on his own. She said, “Son, since you have lost your sight and nothing can change that, you have to accept it. There are things you can’t do. But there are lots of things you can do. You have a creative mind. Find something you enjoy and stick with it, no matter what.”
The future didn’t seem too bright for a blind child from the countryside. But as this young boy thought about his mother’s words, about what he really wanted to do with his life, he dreamed of becoming a star. So as a child, he would practice playing the piano and singing each day from then on.
Once one of his classmates heard him practicing at school and told him, “You can’t play the piano, and you can’t sing either. These things are meaningless for you. You are doomed to be a loser.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
That classmate’s comment was like a sharp knife, cutting Jack’s heart into pieces.
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In his life, he received countless awards for his music.
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