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2024届九年级英语专题复习之动词用法与练习
1动词是表示动作、存在、变化、或是状态的词语，是词类的一种，常和及物动词与不及物动词所区分。英语中的动词可分为及物动词和不及物动词，还有系动词等。
系动词(Vocabulary Intransitive-to-Transitive):既可以作为及物动词，也可以作为不及物动词使用。例如:be(是)、love(爱)、like(喜欢)等。
情态动词(Vocabulary Imperative):表示说话人的态度、愿望、建议等。例如:can(能)、may(可以)、must(必须)等。
助动词(Vocabularyauxiliary):协助主要动词构成时态、语态等语法形式。例如:have(有)、do(做)、will(将)等。
动词不定式(Vocabulary Infinitive):表示动作或状态的基本形式，通常作为动词短语的一部分使用。例如:to eat(吃)、to sleep(睡觉)等。
及物动词和不及物动词是英语中的两种动词形式。
及物动词需要宾语来完成意思的表达，例如“eat(吃)”,它的宾语可以是食物、蛋糕等。常见的及物动词有:love(爱)
hate(恨)like(喜欢)dislike(厌恶)drink(喝)eat(吃)sleep(睡觉)
hit(打)see(看)hear(听)write(写)speak(说)
不及物动词则不需要宾语来完成意思的表达，例如“run(跑)”,它的意思是“奔跑”，不需要宾语来补充说明。
常见的不及物动词有:run(跑)walk(走)jump(跳)laugh(笑)cry(哭)
love(爱)hate(恨)like(喜欢)dislike(厌恶)drink(喝)eat(吃)sleep(睡觉)hit(打)see(看)hear(听)write(写)
speak(说)
动词的用法和规则包括以下几点:
动词的基本形式是原形，即不带-s或-es的动词形式。例如:walk(走)、run(跑)等。
动词可以有不同的时态，包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时等。例如:I walk to school.(我走路去学校。)、I walked to school yesterday.(我昨天走路去学校。)、I will walk to school tomorrow.(我将走路去学校明天。)
动词可以有不同的语态，包括主动语态和被动语态。例如:He walks to school.(他走路去学校。)和The school is walked to by him every day.(他每天走路去学校。)
动词还可以加上不同的副词或形容词来构成不同的动词短语。例如:quickly(快速地)、slowly(慢慢地)、 beautifully(美丽地)等。
动词还可以作为其他词类的词缀，如名词、形容词、副词等。例如:walkman(随身听)、runner(跑步者)、beautifully(美丽地)等。
动词的语态有两种:主动语态和被动语态。主动语态中主语是动作的执行者，被动语态中主语是动作的承受者。在被动语态的句子中，动作的执行者一般由介词by引起的短语来表示。例如:主动语态句子“他们正在看电影。”可以改写为被动语态句子“电影正在被他们看。”[1]
除了主动语态和被动语态，动词还可以加上不同的副词或形容词来构成不同的动词短语。例如:quickly(快速地)、slowly(慢慢地)、beautifully(美丽地)等。动词还可以作为其他词类的词缀，如名词、形容词、副词等。例如:walkman(随身听)、runner(跑步者)、beautifully(美丽地)等。
动词都考哪些内容呢？
1、动词的形式：每个动词有五种形式分别为原形、单三、现在分词、过去式和过去分词，如go-goes-going-went-gone 。
2、动词的分类：①实义动词：及物和不及物，②Be动词：be，look，sound，taste，smell，become，turn，③助动词：be，have，do，④情态动词：can，may，must，should，might。
3、动词在句中的成分：两种成分一种是可以作谓语；另一种是不做谓语，也就是非谓语。非谓语有三种形式，不定式，动名词，分词（过分和现分）。同学们要知道，在初中阶段，重点考察动词后跟不定式和现在分词的区别。
4、动词时态：①一般现在时：概念：表经常性习惯性发生的动作或存在的状态或一个事实。
结构：主语+be+其他。 标志词：sometimes，usually，always，often，everyday。
用法：在宾语从句和定语从句中考察。
②一般过去时。③现在进行时。④过去进行时。⑤一般将来时。⑥过去将来时。⑦现在完成时。⑧过去完成时，同以上的总结方法一致。需要同学们在学习或复习中学会总结。
5、动词语态：分为主动语态和被动语态：
①一般现在时：be done ② 一般过去时：was/were+ done
③过去进行时：was/were+ being done④ 现在进行时：be+ being done
⑤一般将来时：will +be+ done ⑥ 过去将来时：would+ be done
⑦现在完成时：have/has +been done⑧ 过去完成时：had+ been +done
练习
1．—Good morning.I'd like a birthday gift for my mother.
—What about this sca ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / )rf？It is beautiful and it A soft and smooth.
A．feels B．looks C．seems D．becomes
2．—Jack ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / )，could you help me B when the plane will take off on the Internet
—I'm sorry，but my computer doesn't work.
A．look out B．find out
C．get out D．take out
3．As the story D ，t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / )he secret of the castle is discovered little by little.
A．ends B．begins C．develops D．happens
4．—Sorry，Miss Liu.I left my workbook at home.Must I hand it in today
—No，you D ．You bring it here tomorrow.
A．mustn't；should B．can't；must
C．mustn't；may D．needn't；can
5．—Where is Xi's Family Garden(习家池)
—It A 5 km.south to the Old City of Xiangyang.(2016，襄阳)
A．lies B．lives C．lays D．lists
6．Many teenag ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / )ers B the old and they often offer their seats to them on buses.
A．depend on B．care for C．laugh at D．listen to
7．—If you always ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / )A yourself with others，you may have tons of pressure.
—I agree.We should believe in ourselves.
A．compare B．communicate
C．create D．consider
8．—Why are you feeling sleepy all the time
—Because I A late watching the film Kung Fu Panda III last night.
A．stayed up B．cheered up C．gave up D．took up
9．I'm sorry I C my exercise book at home this morning.
—It doesn't matt ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / )er.Don't forget it here this afternoon.
A．left；to take B．forgot；bringing
C．left；to bring D．forgot；to bring
10．—Where are you going this month
—We C go to Xiamen，but we're not sure.
A．needn't B．must C．might D．mustn't
11．—How much does the TV A ？
—Not too much.It's just a second handed one.
A．cost B．spend C．take D．pay for
12．— May I speak to Mr.Smith
— D ，please.Here he comes.
A．Hang out B．Pick up C．Take up D．Hold on
13．The g ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / )irl in the classroom C be Sarah.She has gone to the library.
A．may B．must C．can't D．needn't
14．—What do y ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / )ou think of the speech given by Chairman Xi Jinping in the UN
—It's very e ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / )xciting.His speech A getting foreign friends' appreciation.
A．succeeded in B．looked down
C．gave up D．came about
15． you want to be healthy？
A ．Smiling can help you stay healthy.
A．Smile B．Smiling C．Smiles D．Smiled
16．—Shall we take a car
—No，we C ．It's only five minutes' walk.
A．can't B．mustn't C．needn't D．couldn't
17．—Don't B lat ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / )e，Betty.You have to go to school early tomorrow.
—OK，Mom.I'll go to bed right now.
A．put up B．stay up C．sit down C．fall down
18．—I've no idea where to go next month.
—Why not C vi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / )siting Beijing There are so many places of interest there.
A．suggest B．wonder C．consider D．regard
19．—Mum， B I play football this afternoon
—Sure，but you finish your homework first.
A．may；could B．can；must
C．can；mustn't D．may；can't
20．—How is George now
—I hear the manager B him a good job, but he refused it.
showed B．offered C．passed D．Paid

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