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Lesson 4 An exciting trip
单词讲解
课文语法讲解：现在完成时，同位语
知识拓展：区分动词的过去式和过去分词，现在完成时
一．单词讲解
1. exciting adj. 令人兴奋的
an exciting trip
exciting news
2. receive v. 接收，收到
accept v. 接受
I received an invitation, but I didn’t accept it.
3. centre n. 中心
center
business centre
the city centre
in the centre of…
4. abroad adv. 在国外
go to abroad （X ）
live in abroad （X ）
go / live / travel / study + abroad
be abroad
二． 课文语法讲解：现在完成时，同位语
1. 现在完成时
形式： have/has + done（V.过去分词）
用法： 完成？现在的之前
① 现在全部完成
② 现在部分完成
例 1：He has finished the homework.
We have learned English for ten years.:
现在完成时 变否定疑问
He has finished the homework.
He has not finished the homework.
Has he finished the homework
What has he done
（课文…）
I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim.
(①have/has + just/ already/ever/ never + done)
(②同位语)
He has been there for six months.
He is working for a big firm…
He has been there for six months. = He has been in Australia for six months.
He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different
places in Australia.
(a great/large number of…; a number of…; 修饰可数名词复数，
a great deal of…修饰不可数名词)
He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice springs, a small town in
the centre of Australia.
(have gone to… 去了; have been to… 去过)
He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice springs, a small town in
the centre of Australia. (同位语)
My brother has never been abroad before, so he is finding this trip very exciting.
(have been to/in abroad X have been abroad √)
My brother has never been abroad before, so he is finding this trip very exciting.
主 谓 宾 宾补
三．知识拓展：
A. 区分动词的过去式和过去分词：
动词原形 过去式 过去分词
visit visited visited
buy bought bought
ring rang rung
过去式：① 一般过去时
过去分词：① 完成时态；② 被动语态；③ 非谓语动词
现在完成时
形式： have/has + done（V.过去分词）
用法：现在的之前
现在完成时 常搭配的时间状语
just / already / ever / never
yet
so far / up to now / before / lately
for + 一段时间
例 1：I have had breakfast. (just)
I have just had breakfast.
例 2：He has been in prison. (for six months)
He has been in prison for six months.
例 3：The police have not caught the thief. (yet)
The police have not caught the thief yet.
例 4：Have you met him (ever, before)
Have you ever met him before
真题演练
1. Would you like to go and see Avatar with me tonight
Thank you very much, but I ______ it already.
A.see B.will see C.have seen D.am seeing
2. Up to now, the program _____ thousands of children who would otherwise have died.
A.would save B.saves C.had saved D.has saved
3. Miss Gao isn’t here. She ______ to the bus station to meet Mr. Brown.
A.go B.has gone C.has been D.would go
4. - Look! Somebody ______ the sofa.
- Well, it wasn’t me. I didn’t do it.
is cleaning B.was cleaning C.has cleaned D.had cleaned
答案：1. C 2. D 3. B 4. C
C 不规则变化的动词：
find - found - found

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