资源简介 南宁市2023届高中毕业班第一次适应性测试英语注意事项：1．本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2．考生作答时请将答案答在答题卡上，选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt？A. 19. 15.B. 9. 18.C. 9. 15.答案是C。1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What will the man do this afternoon A. Paint the bedroom.B. Visit the dentist.C. See a movie.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W: Have you got any plans for today M: Yeah. This morning I have to see the dentist, and I’m going to paint the bedroom after lunch.W: Don’t forget that we are going to the cinema this evening.2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】How will the speakers probably get to the city A. By bus.B. By subway.C. By car.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M: I’m slightly nervous about driving my car to the city in the snow. Maybe we should take the bus instead.W: It will take too long. Let’s head to the subway station before the snow becomes heavier.M: All right.3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Why does the woman want new clothes A. For a new job.B. For a wedding.C. For the hotter weather.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W: All I have are work clothes. It’s getting hotter and hotter now, and I need new skirts and shorts!M: I know. You only have formal summer clothes for weddings, events and your job. Let’s both get cooler clothing this weekend.W: Perfect!4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Which major will the man choose A. Law.B. Art.C. History.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M: I’ve decided I’m going to study art at university. I want to draw the pictures in children’s books.W: You would be so good at that. I can’t decide what to do. My mom wants me to study law like she did, but I would rather study history.5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What are the speakers saving for A. An electric car.B. A new house.C. A family trip.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W: Dennis, can you turn off the light when you leave home, please The price of electricity has been crazy recently. We’re saving for our family trip.M: Sorry, Mom. I just forgot. I’ll keep it in mind next time.第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6. What does the man usually eat for lunch A. Beef noodles.B. Chicken and rice.C. Egg sandwiches.7. What is the probable relationship between the speakers A. Co-workers.B. Husband and wife.C. Restaurant owner and customer.【答案】6. C 7. A【解析】【原文】W: What have you got for your lunch M: Oh, nothing special. Just the same old egg sandwiches.W: Why do you always have them M: I suppose it’s just my habit. I’ve always got eggs in the fridge. Sandwiches are easy to make. But to be honest, I am quite bored of eating them every day!W: Interesting. Shall we forget the sandwiches today and have lunch in a local restaurant M: I suppose we could.W: Come on, I’m hungry. We could try out that new place on the main street near our office. I fancy beef noodles.M: Sure, whatever you say. You’re in charge of the office, and I like the idea of no sandwiches anyway! I’ll try chicken and rice today!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8. Why is Nick moving A. His mother got a job elsewhere.B. His university is in another city.C. His sister has to go to another school.9. How is Nick feeling now A. Excited.B Anxious.C. Proud.【答案】8. A 9. B【解析】【原文】M: I’ve lived in this town forever. I can’t believe I’m moving away tomorrow.W: I know. Everyone on our soccer team thought you wouldn’t leave for another half year.What did your classmates and teachers at your school say about your move M: They were surprised, too. I wish my mom could have waited until I graduated from high school to get a new job. That’s the only reason we have to move across the country.W: You only have one year of high school left. Have you seen your new house M: Not yet, but my parents are so proud of it. They keep saying that my sister and I will love it. But I feel so nervous now. I’ve never thought of the move, and I love this town.W: I’m sorry, Nick. But look on the bright side, you’ll have a new experience. Plus, you can visit us every holiday.M: True. I’ll miss you guys.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10. What did Alice do in Bangladesh A. She took part in a tree-planting project.B. She studied the climate change there.C. She visited her family.11. How will Alice collect money to help with the project A. By joining in a marathon.B. By cooking for a restaurant.C. By volunteering in a charity.12. What natural disaster killed the most people in 2018 in Bangladesh A. Floods.B. Lightning.C. Earthquakes.【答案】10. C 11. A 12. B【解析】【原文】M: Hi, Alice. How was your trip to Bangladesh W: Great! I enjoyed seeing my family there. I miss my grandmother’s cooking.M: I bet they miss you too!W: Probably! I’m going back soon to help with a local tree-planting project.M: Really W: Yes. I learned about it while I was there. I’m hoping to raise enough money through a charity marathon to help out.M: Can you tell me more about the project W: Well, where my family live, in Ghior, they have a real problem with lightning storms.M: Really W: Yes. In 2018, around 360 people were killed by lightning, more than those who were killed by either floods or earthquakes!M: Wow. Why is that happening W: It’s partly caused by the local weather conditions. Hot air from the Bay of Bengal meets cold air from the Himalayas, which creates many storms. But it’s becoming worse due to climate change.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13. What is the woman's goal weight A. Around 52 kilos.B. Around 50 kilos.C. Around 48 kilos.14. What sports does the woman do every Sunday A. Badminton.B. Swimming.C. Dancing.15. What is the woman A. A personal trainer.B. An office worker.C. A professional athlete.16. Where does the conversation take place A. At a gym.B. In an office.C. In a hospital.【答案】13. C 14. A 15. B 16. A【解析】【原文】M: Welcome to Fitness Direct. I am your personal trainer for today. How are you feeling W: I’m OK, a little nervous though.M: Take it easy. Working out should be fun, not stressful. Can I begin by asking your fitness goals W: Well, I wish to lose around two kilos and basically build up the strength of my muscles.M: OK, that sounds reasonable. May I ask your current weight W: Yes, I am 50 kilos now.M: How much exercise do you currently do per week on average W: Around three hours. I go swimming on Tuesdays, I dance on Wednesdays, and on Sunday mornings I play badminton.M: That’s excellent. May I ask you about your diet W: Well, I try to be healthy, but I like pizza and cakes, so I don’t always eat well.M: What is your job Are you tied down to a desk most of the day W: Sadly yes, I’m an office girl.M: Well, you have given me some great information, so I can come up with a weekly timetable for you.W: Great. What shall we begin with first M: Right now. I’d like you to warm up with a 10-minute jog. OK W: Sure.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17. What do we know about the Museum of Fine Arts A. There are five separate parts.B. It houses collections dating from 3000 B. C.C. It is one of the greatest museums in the world.18. Which part does the speaker suggest exploring first A. The Gallery of Modern Art.B. The Gallery of Classic Art.C. The Gallery of Sculpture.19. What does the speaker particularly recommend the listeners to see A. Ancient coins.B. Classic paintings.C. French modern art.20. When will the listeners meet in the hall A. At 11:00 a. m.B. At 3:00 p. m.C. At 4:00 p. m.【答案】17. B 18. C 19. C 20. B【解析】【原文】W: Welcome, ladies and gentlemen, to the Museum of Fine Arts. This museum houses some of the greatest works of art to be found in the entire world. There are priceless collections of paintings, coins and other items dating from 3000 BC to the present day. There are four separate parts—the Gallery of Ancient Treasures, the Gallery of Classic Art, the Gallery of Modern Art and the Gallery of Sculpture. You should start your tour in the Gallery of Sculpture. I particularly recommend that you visit the Gallery of Modern Art, because at the moment, there is a visiting collection of French modern art. The paintings on display there are nothing short of wonderful. I promise you won’t be disappointed. To get the most out of your museum tour, you can buy an audio guide from the gift shop. So, ladies and gentlemen, the time now is 11:00 a.m. I suggest we all meet in the hall four hours later. Do you have any questions No OK, enjoy your visit and I will see you later.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ACan't-Miss Romantic Sunset SpotsAs the sky fills with pinks and purples, it’s hard to not be fascinated by the beauty of Mother Nature’s sunsets. Enjoying a sunset with a romantic partner can make the occasion more special. The sunset watching spots on this list are perfect for Valentine’s Day — or anytime you want a little extra romance.Beauty by the SeaCartagena BayCARTAGENA, COLOMBIAA sunset cruise (航游) on the Bay of Cartagena is the perfect way to end your day when you are exploring the city that had its first residents in 4,000 B.C. This UNESCO World Heritage Site has beautiful beaches and a historic old town ready for arm-in-arm wandering. Anarchipelago, the beautiful Rosario Islands, is a one-hour boat ride from the mainland.Love and LightEiffel TowerPARISWhether you call it the City of Light or the City of Love, both nicknames for Paris hold true when you’re on top of the Eiffel Tower with your loved one at sunset. Watch the city lights come up as the sun goes down, champagne (香槟) in hand. Four restaurants are in this area. Plan to reserve your table weeks before arriving in town.Sunset in a Sphere (球体)AI Faisaliah TowerRIYADH SAUDI ARABIAThe 876-foot AI Faisaliah Tower was the first skyscraper built in Saudi Arabia. The viewing platform provides an incredible look at the city, but for a romantic evening, make a reservation at The Globe. This three-story restaurant is housed inside the giant glass sphere at the top of the tower, surrounding you with the impressive view as you enjoy European cuisine with perfect service.21. If you are a history lover, which place is the best choice A. Eiffel Tower.B. AI Faisaliah Tower.C. Cartagena Bay.D. City of Love.22. What can people do in both Eiffel Tower and AI Faisaliah Tower A. Watch city lights.B. Enjoy food.C. Explore beautiful beaches.D. Experience AI service.23. Where is the text probably taken from A. An academic article.B. An educational website.C. A geography textbook.D. A travel brochure.【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章推荐了几个看日落的浪漫地点。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“This UNESCO World Heritage Site has beautiful beaches and a historic old town ready for arm-in-arm wandering.(这个联合国教科文组织世界遗产拥有美丽的海滩和一个历史悠久的古城，随时可以手挽手漫步)”可知，如果你是一个历史爱好者，卡塔赫纳湾是最好的选择。故选C。【22题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段第三句“Four restaurants are in this area.(这个地区有四家餐馆)”和第四段最后一句“This three-story restaurant is housed inside the giant glass sphere at the top of the tower, surrounding you with the impressive view as you enjoy European cuisine with perfect service.(这家三层楼高的餐厅位于塔顶巨大的玻璃球内，在享受欧洲美食和完美服务的同时，您可以欣赏到令人印象深刻的景色)”可推知，人们在埃菲尔铁塔和费萨尔利亚塔都可以享受美食。故选B。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“The sunset watching spots on this list are perfect for Valentine’s Day — or anytime you want a little extra romance.(这张清单上的看日落的地点非常适合情人节——或者任何你想要额外浪漫的时候)”可知，这是一篇关于旅游观光的文章。由此推知，这段文字可能摘自一本旅游手册。故选D。BOn February 13, 2023, Wu Yibing made history, beating John Isner in a thrilling three-set final at the Dallas Open to become the first man from China to win an ATP title（ATP巡回赛冠军）.Brought to a tennis court for the first time at just five, initially encouraged by his parents as an exercise to lose weight, Wu soon had his talent discovered by his provincial junior team, kicking off a journey that would change the fate of men's tennis in China. In 2017,Wu Yibing shot to prominence after winning the US Open boys’ tournament at 18 to become the first Chinese to win a major junior title, raising high hopes for the “Wonder Boy” to change the fortune of Chinese men in a sport long dominated by women's success on the professional stage.In 2018, Wu won his first ATP Challenger title in Shanghai. However, the highly competitive nature of men’s professional tennis hit the rising Wu with a tough reminder after multiple injuries-to his elbow, lower back, shoulder and wrist-forced him to be away from the ATP Tour for close to three years.He made his return last year and won three ATP Challenger titles before qualifying for the US Open. “Looking back, I feel like I wouldn't have been here if not for the ups and downs over the past few years. I take all the setbacks and struggles as a lesson that helps me mature mentally now,” said Wu. “Of course there were a lot of doubts because I had surgery and the recovery wasn’t going well. The championship today was a payoff for all the hard work and everyone who’s supported me along the way.”24. What do the underlined words “shot to prominence” in Paragraph 2 probably mean A. Lost weight.B. Came back to the top.C. Became famous instantly.D. Dropped out of the competition.25. Why was Wu absent from the ATP Tour for nearly three years A. He wanted to change his career.B. He suffered from serious physical injuries.C. He didn’t stand out in training for the match.D. He couldn't handle the pressure of the ATP Tour.26. What can we learn from Wu Yibing's statement A. No sweat, no sweet.B. Time waits for no man.C. Well begun is half done.D. Strike while the iron is hot.27. What is the passage mainly about A. The significance of ATP title.B. The development of Chinese tennis.C. The power of difficulty for athletes.D. The first Chinese male champion of ATP.【答案】24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。介绍了吴易昺夺得了 ATP 巡回赛冠军， 创中国网球新历史。【24题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段第二句“In 2017,Wu Yibing shot to prominence after winning the US Open boys’tournament at 18 to become the first Chinese to win a major junior title, raising high hopes for the “Wonder Boy” to change the fortune of Chinese men in a sport long dominated by women's success on the professional stage.”（可知， 2017 年， 18 岁的吴易昺赢得了美国男子公开赛冠军，成为了首位赢得重要青少年锦标赛冠军的中国人，这使得人们对这位“神奇男孩”寄予厚望，希望他能在这项长期由女性主导的职业运动中改变中国男网的命运。）由此可知， 划线词表示“一举成名”。故选C。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“However, the highly competitive nature of men's professional tennis hit the rising Wu with a tough reminder after multiple injuries-to his elbow, lower back, shoulder and wrist-forced him to be away from the ATP Tour for close to three years.”（然而，男子职业网球残酷的竞争特性打击了正处于上升期的吴易昺，他的肘部、下背部、肩膀和手腕多处受伤， 这迫使他离开 ATP 巡回赛近三年。）可知， 因为参加职业网球残酷的竞争，使得吴易昺的肘部、下背部、肩膀和手腕多处受伤， 这迫使他离开 ATP 巡回赛近三年。故选B。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Looking back, I feel like I wouldn't have been here if not for the ups and downs over the past few years. I take all the setbacks and struggles as a lesson that helps me mature mentally now,” said Wu. “Of course there were a lot of doubts because I had surgery and the recovery wasn't going well. The championship today was a payoff for all the hard work and everyone who's supported me along the way.” （吴易昺表示，如果不是过去几年的起起伏伏，他就不会站在这里。他把所有的挫折和挣扎都视为一种帮助他在精神上成熟起来的财富。当然还有很多质疑的声音，因为他做了手术，且康复治疗进行得不太顺利。但今天的冠军是对他所有努力和每一位支持者的回报。）由此可知，此处他的表达给我们的启发是：没有过去辛勤的付出，就不会有今天的收获。A项“不劳无获”； B 项意为“好的开端是成功的一半”； C 项意为“趁热打铁”； D 项意为“时不待人”。 故选A。【27题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，文章主要介绍了年少成名的网球运动员吴易昺由于严重受伤退出了 ATP 比赛，在经历三年的治疗康复后，最终复出，创造了中国网球的新历史：成为中国首个获得 ATP 赛达拉斯冠军的男网运动员。故选D。CA new study, led by Huijeong Jeong and Vijay Namboodiri of the University of California, San Francisco, has turned the world of neuroscience (神经科学) on its head.It proposes a model of associative learning which suggests that researchers have got things backwards. Their suggestion, moreover, is supported by a series of experiments. The old model looks forward, associating cause with effect. The new one does the opposite. It associates effect with cause. They think that when an animal receives a reward (or punishment), it looks back through its memory to work out what might have caused this event. Looking at things this way deals with two things that have always made the old model hard to understand. Making predictions based on every single possible cue (暗示) would be somewhere between difficult and impossible. It is far simpler, when a meaningful event happens, to look backwards through other potentially meaningful events for a cause.In practice, however, it is hard to distinguish experimentally between the two models. And that is especially true if you do not even bother to look—which, until now, people have not.Dr. Jeong and Dr. Namboodiri have done so. They conducted 11 experiments that were designed specifically for the purpose. During these they measured, in real time, the amount of dopamine (多巴胺) being released by the nucleus accumbens, a region of the brain in which dopamine is involved in learning and addiction. All of the experiments came down in favor of the new model.“The study is thought-inspiring and represents a stimulating new direction,” says Ilana Witten, a neuroscientist at Princeton University uninvolved with the paper.More experiments will be needed to confirm the new findings. But if confirmation comes, it will have influences beyond neuroscience. Dr. Namboodiri thinks so, and is exploring the possibilities. Evolution has had hundreds of millions of years to better the process of learning.So learning from nature is rarely a bad idea.28. What is the main idea of Paragraph 2 A. The differences between the two learning models.B. The disadvantages of the old learning model.C. The difficulty in conducting the experiments.D. The daily learning behavior of animals.29. What is an animal thought to do in the old model A. It looks backwards for a cause.B. It associates effect with cause.C. It ruins the old learning model.D. It makes predictions based on cues.30. Why did Dr. Jeong and Dr. Namboodiri conduct the experiments A. To argue against the new findings.B. To confirm their new model of learning.C. To test the efficiency of the two models.D. To highlight the importance of dopamine.31. What is Ilana Witten’s attitude towards the new study A. Negative.B. Carefree.C. Favorable.D. Doubtful.【答案】28. A 29. D 30. B 31. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了关于新型联想学习模型的研究，它改变了神经科学的世界。【28题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“It proposes a model of associative learning which suggests that researchers have got things backwards. Their suggestion, moreover, is supported by a series of experiments. The old model looks forward, associating cause with effect. The new one does the opposite. It associates effect with cause. (它提出了一个联想学习模型，表明研究人员把事情搞反了。此外，他们的建议得到了一系列实验的支持。旧的模式向前看，把因果联系起来。而新一代则恰恰相反。它把结果和原因联系在一起。)”可知，第二段主要对比新旧两种学习模式的差异，故选A项。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“The old model looks forward, associating cause with effect. The new one does the opposite. It associates effect with cause. They think that when an animal receives a reward (or punishment), it looks back through its memory to work out what might have caused this event. Looking at things this way deals with two things that have always made the old model hard to understand. Making predictions based on every single possible cue (暗示) would be somewhere between difficult and impossible. It is far simpler, when a meaningful event happens, to look backwards through other potentially meaningful events for a cause. (旧的模式向前看，把原因和结果联系起来。而新模式则恰恰相反。它把结果和原因联系在一起。他们认为，当动物收到奖励或惩罚时，它会通过记忆来寻找导致这一事件的原因。以这种方式看待事物可以解决两个问题，这两个问题一直使旧模型难以理解。根据每一个可能的线索进行预测将是困难和不可能的。当一个有意义的事件发生时，通过其他可能有意义的事件来寻找原因要简单得多。)”可知，旧的学习模式强调往前看，动物把原因和结果联系起来，根据每一个可能的线索进行预测，故选D项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“In practice, however, it is hard to distinguish experimentally between the two models. And that is especially true if you do not even bother to look—which, until now, people have not. (然而，在实践中，很难从实验上区分这两种模型。如果你甚至懒得去看，那就更是如此——而到目前为止，人们还没有去看。)”，以及第四段“Dr. Jeong and Dr. Namboodiri have done so. They conducted 11 experiments that were designed specifically for the purpose. During these they measured, in real time, the amount of dopamine (多巴胺) being released by the nucleus accumbens, a region of the brain in which dopamine is involved in learning and addiction. All of the experiments came down in favor of the new model. (郑博士和南布迪里博士已经这样做了。他们为此专门设计了11项实验。在此期间，他们实时测量了伏隔核释放多巴胺量，伏隔核是大脑中多巴胺参与学习和成瘾的区域。所有的实验结果都对新模型有利。)”可知，两位博士做实验以区分这两种学习模式，并证实了新的学习模式，故选B项。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“‘The study is thought-inspiring and represents a stimulating new direction,’ says Ilana Witten, a neuroscientist at Princeton University uninvolved with the paper. (‘这项研究发人深思，代表了一个令人振奋的新方向，’普林斯顿大学的神经科学家伊拉娜·威滕说，她没有参与这篇论文。)”可知，Ilana Witten对这个研究评价很好，持支持态度。故选C项。DIf you have gone to the cinema and watched the popular movie “The Wandering Earth II” recently, you might be impressed by the intelligent computer MOSS. It can make the reasonable decision in the shortest time based on the given conditions. In fact, such strong AI like MOSS does not exist in reality for the time being.However, weaker AI, which replaces human processing in a specific field, has already influenced our daily life. For example, OpenAI, the San Francisco-based startup opened up the language model ChatGPT for public testing in November 2022. Compared with traditional search engines, which display simple results according to searching keywords, ChatGPT can interact with people just like dialoguing, answer professional questions, and also answer follow-up questions. Thanks to its revolutionary user experience, ChatGPT obtained more than one million users just five days after its release.More than a Chatbot, ChatGPT can also realize article creation, code generating and other functions only by requesting. ChatGPT can even write code such as Python，debug (排错）code and generate comments for code just like a professional programmer. It also presented strong capacity in content continuation, literary creation, music creation, etc. It is so powerful that New York City public schools have banned it from their networks and school devices.However, ChatGPT is still far from perfect. Even OpenAI's CEO once said, “It’s a mistake to be relying on it for anything important right now. It's a preview of progress. We have lots of work to do on robustness（稳健性）and truthfulness.”Even though AI like ChatGPT still has a long way to go, predictions about how the technology will influence our society are already there. Among the industries that may be most affected by ChatGPT, experts say,are journalism, law and translation.32. Why is the movie “The Wandering Earth II” mentioned in the first paragraph A. To introduce the topic of the text.B. To prove that the movie is a hit.C. To show how intelligent MOSS is.D. To advertise the movie.33 Which statement about ChatGPT will the author probably agree with A. It's well-received for its truthfulness.B. It can just display simple results content.C. It should be banned from all school networks.D. It makes human-machine interaction more intelligent.34. What does the OpenAI's CEO think of ChatGPT A. It's totally reliable.B. It needs improving.C. It's of no use.D. It should speed up its progress.35. What is the best title for the text A. ChatGPT WorksB. ChatGPT Sells WellC. AI Takes OverD. Moss Beats ChatGPT【答案】32. A 33. D 34. B 35. A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。通过分析人工智能，尤其是 ChatGPT 的利与弊，表达了对其未来的期许。【详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“If you have gone to the cinema and watched the popular movie “The Wandering Earth II” recently,you might be impressed by the intelligent computer MOSS. It can make the reasonable decision in the shortest time based on the given conditions.In fact, such strong AI like MOSS does not exist in reality for the time being.” （如果你最近去电影院看了热门电影《流浪地球2》，你可能会对智能电脑MOSS印象深刻。它可以根据给定的条件在最短的时间内做出合理的决策。事实上, 像 MOSS 这样强大的 AI,现实中暂时并不存在。）和第二段首句“However, weaker AI, which replaces human processing in a specific field, has already influenced our daily life. ”(但是，在特定领域取代人类处理的弱人工智能已经影响了我们的日常生活。) 可知作者提及电影《流浪地球》是为了引出文章的主题“人工智能”。故答案选 A。2.推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二句“Compared with traditional search engines, which display simple results according to searching keywords, ChatGPT can interact with people just like dialoguing, answer professional questions, and also answer follow-up questions. ”（与传统搜索引擎根据搜索关键词显示简单结果相比，ChatGPT可以像对话一样与人互动，回答专业问题，也可以回答后续问题。） 可知 ChatGPT 可使人机交互更智能。故答案选 D。3.推理判断题。由第四段中的 “We have lots of work to do on robustness (稳健性) and truthfulness.” （我们在稳健性和真实性方面还有很多工作要做。”） 可知， OpenAI’s CEO 认为 ChatGPT 还需要提升。故答案选 B。4. 主旨大意题。根据第二段的“Compared with traditional search engines, which display simple results according to searching keywords, ChatGPT can interact with people just like dialoguing, answer professional questions, and also answer follow-up questions.”(与传统搜索引擎根据搜索关键词显示简单结果相比，ChatGPT可以像对话一样与人互动，回答专业问题，也可以回答后续问题。),第三段的“More than a Chatbot, ChatGPT can also realize article creation, code generating and other functions only by requesting.”(ChatGPT不仅仅是一个聊天机器人，它还可以通过请求来实现文章创建、代码生成等功能。)以及全文内容可知，文章主要通过对比 ChatGPT 与其他智能，讲述尽管它还不完善，但是功能强大，起到很好的作用，表达了对其未来的期许，肯定了 ChatGPT 的作用和影响。因此推断A项“ChatGPT起作用”为最佳标题。故答案选 A。第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。We humans often navigate(导航) using road signs and GPS.___36___Connie Allen, a behavioral ecologist in the U.K., says they navigate over long distances using their incredible memories. ___37___Allen and her colleagues investigated that idea by testing African elephants' ability to track a very specific smell: urine(尿液)．___38___．That urine can contain a lot of chemical clues．But first, they needed some urine. So they headed to a spot along Botswana's River and waited. They waited for elephants to urinate. Within 20 minutes, they went and collected these fresh urine samples.Then they set up camera traps on elephant trails. ___39___, they noticed that a majority investigated smells along the trails. The researchers say that smells may serve as signs along the trails.___40___.And they found that for at least two days, passing elephants trained their trunks on the samples-especially samples from mature adults-another indication that smell might be a strong navigational clue.Their findings appear in the journal Animal Behaviour. Based on these results, they hope conservationists might be able to use elephant urine to help with their work.A. Elephants don't, thoughB. By catching the elephants along the trailsC. Elephants urinate some 12 to 15 gallons a dayD. Next, they placed those urine samples along the trailsE. Finally, they tested the chemicals of the urine samplesF. After observing the elephants' natural behavior on the pathsG. But she also suggests that maybe the smell is vital to the long movements【答案】36. A 37. G 38. C 39. F 40. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要说明研究发现大象可以依据尿液的味道导航路线。【36题详解】根据前文“We humans often navigate(导航) using road signs and GPS. (我们人类依靠GPS导航。)”和后文“Connie Allen, a behavioral ecologist in the U.K., says they navigate over long distances using their incredible memories.(英国行为生态学家Connie Allen说道，它们根据非凡的记忆来导航。)”可知，前一句说人类是依靠 GPS 导航，后一句说他们依据记忆来导航，从而可以推断出A项“然而，大象却不这样。”符合，此空引出大象及其导航方式。 故选 A项。【37题详解】根据空前“Connie Allen, a behavioral ecologist in the U.K., says they navigate over long distances using their incredible memories. (英国行为生态学家Connie Allen说道，他们根据非凡的记忆来导航。)”可知，上文说道大象依据记忆来导航，故G项“但是她也认为，也许它们是通过味道来辨别方向的。”符合，且下文主要的内容是说明大象是如何依据味道来辩别路线方向。故选 G项。【38题详解】根据前文“Allen and her colleagues investigated that idea by testing African elephants' ability to track a very specific smell: urine(尿液)．(Allen和她的同事通过检测非洲象追踪特殊味道——尿液——的能力来调查这一想法。）”和后文“That urine can contain a lot of chemical clues．（这种尿液包含着大量的化学线索。)”可知，此空前文和后文内容都跟大象排尿相关，下文说大象尿液中含有多种化学线索，从而可以推断出此空以大象的排尿量作为上下文的衔接，故项“大象每天排尿12-15加仑。”符合。故选 C项。【39题详解】根据后文“they noticed that a majority investigated smells along the trails. (他们注意到，大多数的大象沿着小路寻找气味。)”可知，此空后面有逗号，故可推断本空考查的是一个半句，故F项“在观察了大象在路上的自然行为后”符合，空后是本空的顺义承接，在观察了大象在路上的自然行为后，他们发现大多数大象沿着小路寻找气味，故选F项。【40题详解】根据第三段“But first, they needed some urine. (但是，首先，他们需要一些尿液。)”和第四段“Then they set up camera traps on elephant trails. (然后，他们在大象行驶路上设立了照相机。)”可以推断出此空应该用表示顺承关系的 Next...，或者表总结关系的 Finally...，在根据空后“And they found that for at least two days, passing elephants trained their trunks on the samples-especially samples from mature adults-another indication that smell might be a strong navigational clue. (并且他们发现，至少两天，路过的大象用鼻子闻样本——尤其是成年大象的样本，这是另一个证明，证明气味是大象的导航线索。)”可知，空后提出大象一路上用鼻子闻样本，故D项“接下来，他们把这些样本放在路上”符合，故选 D项。第三部分 语言知识运用．（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Corion Evans, a 19-year-old boy, was hanging out with friends in a parking area below a Mississippi highway in July. ___41___, a car with three girls inside slipped off a boat ramp(坡道), dropping into the Pascagoula River. It rested some 20 feet from land, then___42___. Corion wondered why they just drove into the water and later learned that the driver had followed ___43___ directions from her GPS.It was around 11:30 p.m. In the___44___, Corion and his friends could barely___45___ the girls holding on to the roof, the only part of the car still___46___ water. But they could hear them screaming. Corion___47___his shirt and shoes, put his phone down, then___48___into the water. He helped the first girl and led her to ___49___.Just then, Police Officer Garry Mercer arrived. He jumped into the river to help another girl. However, halfway back to the___50___, she panicked and went underwater, ___51___ Mercer down with her.Corion jumped___52___into the water and helped them until they could stand. “If he hadn’t been there, who knows ” Mercer told the Washington Post.Cora Watson, who could not swim, was still___53___in the water to take a breath, feeling ___54___.Watson said, “I just knew my ___55___ breath was coming and my mind told me that I was slowly___56___ myself.” She began to go under. “fortunately, Corion had____57____me.”The three girls were taken to the hospital and released. They’re alive because Corion Evans risked his ___58___to save them.Corion Evans was honored for his___59___by the mayor. “Corion broke his curfew(宵禁), but I’m not mad,” his mother Marquita told the Post. “He had a good___60___.”41. A. Certainly B. Actually C. Definitely D. Suddenly42. A. left B. burned C. sank D. rushed43. A. exact B. wrong C. opposite D. extra44. A. darkness B. crowd C. silence D. shadow45. A. take out B. bring out C. point out D. make out46. A. in B. above C. under D. off47. A. removed B. exchanged C. delivered D. replaced48. A. escaped B. walked C. dived D. crashed49. A. peace B. recovery C. health D. safety50. A. bank B. shelter C. ship D. bridge51. A. carrying B. dragging C. catching D. pushing52. A. across B. up C. back D. forward53. A. struggling B. striking C. searching D. wandering54. A. annoyed B. scared C. relieved D. relaxed55. A. deep B. precious C. only D. last56. A. behaving B. abandoning C. losing D. helping57. A. grabbed B. touched C. followed D. felt58. A. time B. life C. fortune D. opportunity59. A. thoughts B. attitudes C. actions D. words60. A. view B. chance C. fame D. reason【答案】41. D 42. C 43. B 44. A 45. D 46. B 47. A 48. C 49. D 50. A 51. B 52. C 53. A 54. B 55. D 56. C 57. A 58. B 59. C 60. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了19岁的Corion Evans和朋友在密西西比州高速公路下帕斯卡古拉河边的停车场闲逛时， 偶然遇到了一辆载有三个女孩的轿车掉进河里， Corion见此情景，立即跳入水中英勇救人的故事。【41题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然一辆载着三个女孩的轿车冲出用来拖船下水的坡道，掉进Pascagoula河里。A. Certainly当然，肯定；B. Actually实际上；C. Definitely明确地；D. Suddenly突然。根据上文“Corion Evans, a 19-year-old boy, was hanging out with friends”可知，Corion Evans和朋友正在闲逛时，突然一辆轿车冲出用来拖船下水的坡道，掉进河里，suddenly符合语境，故选D。【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它掉进距离陆地大约 20 英尺的水里，然后沉下去了。A. left离开；B. burned 燃烧；C. sank下沉；D. rushed冲。根据上文“dropping into the Pascagoula River”可知， 汽车掉进河里，接着应是下沉，故选C。【43题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Corion很好奇她们怎么就这么开进了水里，后来才了解到是司机按照导航的错误方向行驶导致的。A. exact准确的，精确的；B. wrong错误的；C. opposite相反的；D. extra额外的。结合语境可知，汽车开进河里应是导航错误，故选B。【44题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：黑暗中，Corion和他的朋友们只能勉强辨认出几个女孩抓住车顶的样子，那是汽车唯一露出水面的部分。A. darkness黑暗；B. crowd人群；C. silence沉默；D. shadow阴影。根据上一句“It was around 11:30 p.m.(时间是晚上11:30)”可知，晚上11:30周围应是黑漆漆的，故选A。【45题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. take out取出；B. bring out出版，生产；C. point out指出；D. make out辨认出。根据空后“the girls holding on to the roof”可知，由于黑暗，Corion和他的朋友们只能模糊地看到女孩们抓住车顶的景象，make out“辨认出”符合语境，故选D。【46题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意同上。A. in在……里面；B. above在……上面；C. under在……下面；D. off从……离开。根据语境可知，车从坡道划下，落入水中后不断下沉，此时车顶应该是汽车唯一还露在水面上的部分。故选B。【47题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Corion脱下他的衬衫和鞋子，放下手机，然后跳进水里。A. removed脱下，去除；B. exchanged交换；C. delivered发表，递送；D. replaced替换。根据语境及下文“He helped the first girl and led her to ___9___ .”可知，在危急关头，Corion脱掉衣服鞋子，立即跳到水里救人。故选A。【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. escaped逃跑；B. walked走路；C. dived跳水，下潜；D. crashed碰撞。根据语境可知，Corion脱掉衣服鞋子，立即跳到水里救人。故选C。【49题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他跳到水里帮助第一个女孩，把她带到了安全的地方。A. peace和平，平静；B. recovery恢复；C. health健康；D. safety安全的地方/场所。根据“He helped the first girl”及语境可知，Corion 跳到水里帮助第一个女孩，把她带到了安全的地方。故选D。【50题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在返回河岸的半路上，她惊慌失措，沉入水下，把Mercer也拖下了水。A. bank河堤，河岸；B. shelter遮蔽，庇护；C. ship船；D. bridge桥。根据上一句“He jumped into the river to help another girl.(他跳进水里去帮助另一个女孩)”可知，警官Garry Mercer跳进水里去救另一个女孩，此处是指在他把女孩带到岸边的半路上被拖下水，故选A。【51题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. carrying携带；B. dragging拖，拽；C. catching抓住；D. pushing推。根据语境可知，在返回岸边的半路上，女孩惊慌失措，把警官Mercer也一起拖下了水底。故选B。【52题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Corion跳回水中帮助他们，直到他们能站起来为止。A. across横穿；B. up向上；C. back回原处；D. forward向前。根据语境可知，已经返回岸边的Corion见此情景，又跳回河里去救助第二位女孩和警察。jumped back into the river 跳回河里。故选C。【53题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Cora Watson不会游泳，她还在水里挣扎着喘着气，感到很害怕。A. struggling挣扎；B. striking撞击；C. searching搜寻；D. wandering漫游，徘徊。根据“who could not swim”可知，第三个女孩Cora Watson不会游泳，所以她在水里挣扎，努力地想喘上一口气。故选A。【54题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. annoyed恼怒的；B. scared惊恐的，恐惧的；C. relieved宽慰的；D. relaxed放松的。根据语境可知，不会游泳的Cora Watson此时应是感到非常害怕，故选B。【55题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Watson说：“我只知道我的最后一口气就要来了，我的大脑告诉我，我就要慢慢失去自己了。”A. deep深的；B. precious珍贵的；C. only唯一的，仅有的；D. last最后的。此处是还在水里挣扎的女孩的心理活动，指她知道自己快要无法呼吸了，所以是my last breath“我的最后一口气”。故选D。【56题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. behaving表现；B. abandoning遗弃；C. losing丢失，失去；D. helping帮助。此处接上文的心理活动，指“我的大脑告诉我：你就快要失去自己（死去）了”， lose myself 原意为“迷失自己；失去自我”，此处 I was slowly losing myself 可理解为“我快要死了”。故选C。57题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“幸运的是，Corion抓住了我。” A. grabbed抓住；B. touched触碰；C. followed跟随；D. felt感觉。根据语境及“fortunately”可知，此处指正当Cora Watson继续往下沉的时候，Corion及时赶到，抓住了她，并将她救起。故选A。【58题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她们能活下来是因为Corion Evans冒着生命危险救了她们。A. time时间；B. life生命；C. fortune财富，运气；D. opportunity机会。根据上文内容可知，Corion多次跳入水中救人，所以她们还能活着是因为Corion冒着生命危险救了她们。risk one’s life冒着生命危险。故选B。【59题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Corion Evans因他的行为受到市长的嘉奖。A. thoughts想法；B. attitudes态度；C. actions行为；D. words说的话。根据上文内容可知，Corion因为他英勇救人的行为而获得了市长的嘉奖。故选C。【60题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“Corion违反了他的宵禁，但我没有生气，”他的母亲Marquita告诉《华盛顿邮报》。“他有很好的理由。” A. view观点；B. chance机会；C. fame名声；D. reason原因。根据语境可知，妈妈觉得Corion的英勇行为恰巧给了他违反宵禁一个好理由，此处妈妈的话略带调侃的成分。故选D。第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Farmland is taking much of the planet. A new global map___61___ (collect) from a satellite shows that the fields of corn, rice and other crops___62___ (eat) up more than 1 million additional square kilometers of land in the past two decades.“The rough march of the human footprint is rather___63___ (violence),”says researcher Matt Hansen. The food needs of a fast-growing population in Africa are driving the expansion. But the study also highlights how Earth's land is becoming___64___ global farm, with wealthier countries outsourcing crop production to poorer____65____ (region). New fields have replaced forests and other natural ecosystems that stored large amounts of carbon, ___66___ (threaten)the efforts to conserve biodiversity and stop climate change.However, the study does tell some hopeful trends. Over the study period, the total quantity of plants increased by 25%. The study also highlights the need to improve cropland productivity in Africa, ___67___has the world’s lowest crop output, meaning that more land___68___ (need) to grow a given amount of food. “If the world wants to solve climate change,” Hansen says, “from a___69___ (pure) self-interested viewpoint, it needs to support Africa ____70____ solving its land use challenge.”【答案】61. collected62. have eaten63. violent64. a 65. regions66. threatening67. which 68. is needed69. purely 70. in##by【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要说明农业耕作占用过多土地资源对气候变化造成影响及土地资源利用率低等问题。【61题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一颗卫星收集的一份新的全球地图显示，在过去20年里，玉米、水稻和其他作物的田地已经额外吞噬了100多万平方公里的土地。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词shows，设空处只能填非谓语动词形式，逻辑主语A new global map与动词collect之间为被动关系，应用过去分词，整个分词短语作后置定语。故填collected。【62题详解】考查动词时态。句意：一颗卫星收集的一份新的全球地图显示，在过去20年里，玉米、水稻和其他作物的田地已经额外吞噬了100多万平方公里的土地。分析句子可知，设空处在that引导的宾语从句中作谓语，主语the fields of corn, rice and other crops与动词eat之间为主动关系，根据时间状语in the past two decades可知，此处应用现在完成时have/has done结构，主语为复数形式，故谓语也用复数形式。故填have eaten。【63题详解】考查形容词。句意：人类足迹的艰难行进相当暴力。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作表语，且受副词rather修饰，应用形容词，violence的形容词形式为violent，表示“暴力的”。故填violent。【64题详解】考查冠词。句意：但这项研究也强调了地球的土地正在如何成为一个全球农场。分析句子可知，设空处位于短语global farm前，farm为可数名词，此处泛指“一个全球农场”，应用不定冠词，global为辅音音素发音，应用a。故填a。【65题详解】考查名词。句意：富裕国家将作物生产外包给较贫穷的地区。分析句子可知，设空处位于形容词poorer后，应用名词；结合前面的countries可知，此处应与其对应，故也应用名词复数形式。故填regions。【66题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：新的农田取代了储存大量碳的森林和其他自然生态系统，威胁着保护生物多样性和阻止气候变化的努力。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语，设空处只能填非谓语动词形式；结合句意可知，新的农田取代了储存大量碳的森林和其他自然生态系统，这威胁着保护生物多样性好阻止气候变化的努力，整个非谓语动词短语作结果状语，应用现在分词。故填threatening。【67题详解】考查定语从句。句意：这项研究还强调了提高非洲农田生产力的必要性，非洲的作物产量是世界上最低的，这意味着需要更多的土地来种植给定数量的粮食。分析句子可知，设空处在句中引导一个从句，修饰前面的Africa，这是一个非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词表示物，应用which引导。故填which。【68题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：这项研究还强调了提高非洲农田生产力的必要性，非洲的作物产量是世界上最低的，这意味着需要更多的土地来种植给定数量的粮食。分析句子可知，设空处在that引导的宾语从句中作谓语，主语more land与动词need之间为被动关系，应用被动语态be done结构；结合句意及其他谓语动词时态可知，此处是在陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语land为不可数名词，故谓语应用单数形式。故填is needed。【69题详解】考查副词。句意：从纯粹的自我利益的角度来看，它需要支持非洲解决其土地使用的挑战。分析句子可知，设空处在句中修饰后面的形容词，作状语，应用副词形式；pure的副词形式为purely，表示“纯粹地、完全地”。故填purely。【70题详解】考查介词。句意：从纯粹的自我利益的角度来看，它需要支持非洲解决其土地使用的挑战。根据句意可知，此处表示“支持……做某事”，support sb/sth in/by doing sth为固定搭配。故填in或by。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。My favourite novel is The Little Prince. It is an easy book to read and its lessons are difficult to understand. The book shows that everyone can be a adult, but few people are actually grown-up. In the story, the little prince believes he is the most uniquely person in the universe, so he travels to different planets prove it. The truth disappoints him but allow him to realize who he really is. The Little Prince teaches us the solution to become a grown-up is to put ourselves outside us comfort zone. Then we will realize we were rarely the people who we think of we are. The Little Prince tells us it is our hearts and faith which help us see the world clearly.【答案】1.and→but2.a→an3.uniquely→unique4.在prove前加to5.allow→allows6.become→becoming7.us→our8.were→are9.删除of10.which→that【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者介绍了自己读小说《小王子》的感受。【详解】1.考查连词。句意：这是一本容易读的书，但其中的内容很难理解。结合句意可知，上文的 “easy...to read”与下文的“difficult to understand”为转折关系，故用but连接。故将and改为but。2.考查不定冠词。句意：这本书告诉我们，每个人都可以成为成年人，但真正长大的人却很少。adult是元音音素开头，应用不定冠词。故将a改为an。3.考查形容词。句意：在这个故事中，小王子相信他是宇宙中最独特的人，所以他去了不同的星球来证明这一点。此处应用形容词unique作定语，修饰名词person。故将uniquely改为unique。4.考查动词不定式。句意同上。结合句意可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故在prove前加to。5.考查主谓一致。句意：真相让他失望，但也让他意识到自己到底是谁。该句主语是the truth，句子是一般现在时，故谓语动词用第三人称单数。故将allow改为allows。6.考查动名词。句意：《小王子》告诉我们，要成为一个成年人，就要走出自己的舒适区。在the solution to结构中，to是介词，故后面接动名词形式。故将become改为becoming。7.考查代词。句意同上。此处用形容词性物主代词our作定语，修饰名词短语comfort zone，指“我们的舒适区”。故将us改为our。8.考查动词时态。句意：然后我们就会意识到我们很少成为我们想象中的那个人。本文是读书感受，全文以一般现在时为主，不应出现一般过去时的表达。故将were改为are。9.考查句子结构。句意同上。该句中we think是插入语，与介词of不构成固定短语，所以of多余，故删除of。10.考查强调句型。句意：《小王子》告诉我们，是我们的心和信仰帮助我们看清世界。此处考查强调句型，被强调部分是主语“our hearts and faith”，故用It is...that...结构。故将which改为that。第二节 书面表达（满分25分）72. 假定你是李华。你的外国朋友Mike即将到你的家乡旅游，请你给他写一封邮件，向他推荐家乡的民俗文化馆（Folk Culture Museum）。邮件内容包括：1．阐明写信事由；2．介绍文化馆特色；3．表示欢迎。注意：1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Dear Mike,How is everything going Knowing that you are going to travel in my hometown, I am writing to recommend the local Folk Culture Museum.There is a lot to do in the museum. First, what will impress you most is that a variety of cultural handicrafts such as musical instruments, farming tools and so on are exhibited in different halls. Here, you can be involved in making crafts like paper umbrellas and Chinese knots. What’s more, with the help of the guides who is professional , you will have a better understanding of the history and development of our folk culture.You’re warmly welcome to visit the museum. I’m sure you’ll immerse yourself in the folk culture and fall in love with it.Yours,Li Hua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外国朋友Mike写一封邮件，向他推荐家乡的民俗文化馆【详解】1.词汇积累介绍：recommend→introduce各种各样的：a variety of→all kinds of展示：exhibit→show涉及：be involved in→relate to2.句式拓展同义句转换原句：Knowing that you are going to travel in my hometown, I am writing to recommend the local Folk Culture Museum.拓展句：Because I know you are going to travel in my hometown, I am writing to recommend the local Folk Culture Museum.【点睛】【高分句型1】First, what will impress you most is that a variety of cultural handicrafts such as musical instruments, farming tools and so on are exhibited in different halls. (运用了what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句)【高分句型2】What’s more, with the help of the guides who is professional , you will have a better understanding of the history and development of our folk culture.(运用了who引导的定语从句)南宁市2023届高中毕业班第一次适应性测试英语注意事项：1．本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2．考生作答时请将答案答在答题卡上，选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt？A. 19. 15.B. 9. 18.C. 9. 15.答案是C。1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What will the man do this afternoon A. Paint the bedroom.B. Visit the dentist.C. See a movie.2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】How will the speakers probably get to the city A. By bus.B. By subway.C. By car.3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Why does the woman want new clothes A. For a new job.B. For a wedding.C. For the hotter weather.4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Which major will the man choose A. Law.B. Art.C. History.5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What are the speakers saving for A. An electric car.B. A new house.C. A family trip.第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6. What does the man usually eat for lunch A. Beef noodles.B. Chicken and rice.C. Egg sandwiches.7. What is the probable relationship between the speakers A. Co-workers.B. Husband and wife.C. Restaurant owner and customer.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8. Why is Nick moving A. His mother got a job elsewhere.B. His university is in another city.C. His sister has to go to another school.9. How is Nick feeling now A. Excited.B. Anxious.C. Proud.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10. What did Alice do in Bangladesh A. She took part in a tree-planting project.B. She studied the climate change there.C. She visited her family.11. How will Alice collect money to help with the project A. By joining in a marathon.B. By cooking for a restaurant.C. By volunteering in a charity.12. What natural disaster killed the most people in 2018 in Bangladesh A. Floods.B. Lightning.C. Earthquakes.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13. What is the woman's goal weight A. Around 52 kilos.B. Around 50 kilos.C. Around 48 kilos.14. What sports does the woman do every Sunday A. Badminton.B. Swimming.C. Dancing.15. What is the woman A. A personal trainer.B. An office worker.C. A professional athlete.16. Where does the conversation take place A. At a gym.B. In an office.C. In a hospital.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17. What do we know about the Museum of Fine Arts A. There are five separate parts.B. It houses collections dating from 3000 B. C.C. It is one of the greatest museums in the world.18. Which part does the speaker suggest exploring first A. The Gallery of Modern Art.B. The Gallery of Classic Art.C. The Gallery of Sculpture.19. What does the speaker particularly recommend the listeners to see A. Ancient coins.B. Classic paintings.C. French modern art.20. When will the listeners meet in the hall A. At 11:00 a. m.B. At 3:00 p. m.C. At 4:00 p. m.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ACan't-Miss Romantic Sunset SpotsAs the sky fills with pinks and purples, it’s hard to not be fascinated by the beauty of Mother Nature’s sunsets. Enjoying a sunset with a romantic partner can make the occasion more special. The sunset watching spots on this list are perfect for Valentine’s Day — or anytime you want a little extra romance.Beauty by the SeaCartagena BayCARTAGENA, COLOMBIAA sunset cruise (航游) on the Bay of Cartagena is the perfect way to end your day when you are exploring the city that had its first residents in 4,000 B.C. This UNESCO World Heritage Site has beautiful beaches and a historic old town ready for arm-in-arm wandering. Anarchipelago, the beautiful Rosario Islands, is a one-hour boat ride from the mainland.Love and LightEiffel TowerPARISWhether you call it the City of Light or the City of Love, both nicknames for Paris hold true when you’re on top of the Eiffel Tower with your loved one at sunset. Watch the city lights come up as the sun goes down, champagne (香槟) in hand. Four restaurants are in this area. Plan to reserve your table weeks before arriving in town.Sunset in a Sphere (球体)AI Faisaliah TowerRIYADH, SAUDI ARABIAThe 876-foot AI Faisaliah Tower was the first skyscraper built in Saudi Arabia. The viewing platform provides an incredible look at the city, but for a romantic evening, make a reservation at The Globe. This three-story restaurant is housed inside the giant glass sphere at the top of the tower, surrounding you with the impressive view as you enjoy European cuisine with perfect service.21. If you are a history lover, which place is the best choice A. Eiffel Tower.B. AI Faisaliah Tower.C Cartagena Bay.D. City of Love.22. What can people do in both Eiffel Tower and AI Faisaliah Tower A. Watch city lights.B. Enjoy food.C. Explore beautiful beaches.D. Experience AI service.23. Where is the text probably taken from A An academic article.B. An educational website.C. A geography textbook.D. A travel brochure.BOn February 13, 2023, Wu Yibing made history, beating John Isner in a thrilling three-set final at the Dallas Open to become the first man from China to win an ATP title（ATP巡回赛冠军）.Brought to a tennis court for the first time at just five, initially encouraged by his parents as an exercise to lose weight, Wu soon had his talent discovered by his provincial junior team, kicking off a journey that would change the fate of men's tennis in China. In 2017,Wu Yibing shot to prominence after winning the US Open boys’ tournament at 18 to become the first Chinese to win a major junior title, raising high hopes for the “Wonder Boy” to change the fortune of Chinese men in a sport long dominated by women's success on the professional stage.In 2018, Wu won his first ATP Challenger title in Shanghai. However, the highly competitive nature of men’s professional tennis hit the rising Wu with a tough reminder after multiple injuries-to his elbow, lower back, shoulder and wrist-forced him to be away from the ATP Tour for close to three years.He made his return last year and won three ATP Challenger titles before qualifying for the US Open. “Looking back, I feel like I wouldn't have been here if not for the ups and downs over the past few years. I take all the setbacks and struggles as a lesson that helps me mature mentally now,” said Wu. “Of course there were a lot of doubts because I had surgery and the recovery wasn’t going well. The championship today was a payoff for all the hard work and everyone who’s supported me along the way.”24. What do the underlined words “shot to prominence” in Paragraph 2 probably mean A. Lost weight.B. Came back to the top.C. Became famous instantly.D. Dropped out of the competition.25. Why was Wu absent from the ATP Tour for nearly three years A. He wanted to change his career.B. He suffered from serious physical injuries.C. He didn’t stand out in training for the match.D. He couldn't handle the pressure of the ATP Tour.26. What can we learn from Wu Yibing's statement A. No sweat, no sweet.B. Time waits for no man.C. Well begun is half done.D. Strike while the iron is hot.27. What is the passage mainly about A. The significance of ATP title.B. The development of Chinese tennis.C. The power of difficulty for athletes.D. The first Chinese male champion of ATP.CA new study, led by Huijeong Jeong and Vijay Namboodiri of the University of California, San Francisco, has turned the world of neuroscience (神经科学) on its head.It proposes a model of associative learning which suggests that researchers have got things backwards. Their suggestion, moreover, is supported by a series of experiments. The old model looks forward, associating cause with effect. The new one does the opposite. It associates effect with cause. They think that when an animal receives a reward (or punishment), it looks back through its memory to work out what might have caused this event. Looking at things this way deals with two things that have always made the old model hard to understand. Making predictions based on every single possible cue (暗示) would be somewhere between difficult and impossible. It is far simpler, when a meaningful event happens, to look backwards through other potentially meaningful events for a cause.In practice, however, it is hard to distinguish experimentally between the two models. And that is especially true if you do not even bother to look—which, until now, people have not.Dr. Jeong and Dr. Namboodiri have done so. They conducted 11 experiments that were designed specifically for the purpose. During these they measured, in real time, the amount of dopamine (多巴胺) being released by the nucleus accumbens, a region of the brain in which dopamine is involved in learning and addiction. All of the experiments came down in favor of the new model.“The study is thought-inspiring and represents a stimulating new direction,” says Ilana Witten, a neuroscientist at Princeton University uninvolved with the paper.More experiments will be needed to confirm the new findings. But if confirmation comes, it will have influences beyond neuroscience. Dr. Namboodiri thinks so, and is exploring the possibilities. Evolution has had hundreds of millions of years to better the process of learning.So learning from nature is rarely a bad idea.28. What is the main idea of Paragraph 2 A. The differences between the two learning models.B. The disadvantages of the old learning model.C. The difficulty in conducting the experiments.D. The daily learning behavior of animals.29. What is an animal thought to do in the old model A. It looks backwards for a cause.B. It associates effect with cause.C. It ruins the old learning model.D. It makes predictions based on cues.30 Why did Dr. Jeong and Dr. Namboodiri conduct the experiments A. To argue against the new findings.B. To confirm their new model of learning.C. To test the efficiency of the two models.D. To highlight the importance of dopamine.31 What is Ilana Witten’s attitude towards the new study A. Negative.B. Carefree.C. Favorable.D. Doubtful.DIf you have gone to the cinema and watched the popular movie “The Wandering Earth II” recently, you might be impressed by the intelligent computer MOSS. It can make the reasonable decision in the shortest time based on the given conditions. In fact, such strong AI like MOSS does not exist in reality for the time being.However, weaker AI, which replaces human processing in a specific field, has already influenced our daily life. For example, OpenAI, the San Francisco-based startup opened up the language model ChatGPT for public testing in November 2022. Compared with traditional search engines, which display simple results according to searching keywords, ChatGPT can interact with people just like dialoguing, answer professional questions, and also answer follow-up questions. Thanks to its revolutionary user experience, ChatGPT obtained more than one million users just five days after its release.More than a Chatbot, ChatGPT can also realize article creation, code generating and other functions only by requesting. ChatGPT can even write code such as Python，debug (排错）code and generate comments for code just like a professional programmer. It also presented strong capacity in content continuation, literary creation, music creation, etc. It is so powerful that New York City public schools have banned it from their networks and school devices.However, ChatGPT is still far from perfect. Even OpenAI's CEO once said, “It’s a mistake to be relying on it for anything important right now. It's a preview of progress. We have lots of work to do on robustness（稳健性）and truthfulness.”Even though AI like ChatGPT still has a long way to go, predictions about how the technology will influence our society are already there. Among the industries that may be most affected by ChatGPT, experts say,are journalism, law and translation.32. Why is the movie “The Wandering Earth II” mentioned in the first paragraph A. To introduce the topic of the text.B. To prove that the movie is a hit.C. To show how intelligent MOSS is.D. To advertise the movie.33. Which statement about ChatGPT will the author probably agree with A It's well-received for its truthfulness.B. It can just display simple results content.C. It should be banned from all school networks.D. It makes human-machine interaction more intelligent.34. What does the OpenAI's CEO think of ChatGPT A. It's totally reliable.B. It needs improving.C. It's of no use.D. It should speed up its progress.35. What is the best title for the text A. ChatGPT WorksB. ChatGPT Sells WellC. AI Takes OverD. Moss Beats ChatGPT第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。We humans often navigate(导航) using road signs and GPS.___36___Connie Allen, a behavioral ecologist in the U.K., says they navigate over long distances using their incredible memories. ___37___Allen and her colleagues investigated that idea by testing African elephants' ability to track a very specific smell: urine(尿液)．___38___．That urine can contain a lot of chemical clues．But first, they needed some urine. So they headed to a spot along Botswana's River and waited. They waited for elephants to urinate. Within 20 minutes, they went and collected these fresh urine samples.Then they set up camera traps on elephant trails. ___39___, they noticed that a majority investigated smells along the trails. The researchers say that smells may serve as signs along the trails.___40___.And they found that for at least two days, passing elephants trained their trunks on the samples-especially samples from mature adults-another indication that smell might be a strong navigational clue.Their findings appear in the journal Animal Behaviour. Based on these results, they hope conservationists might be able to use elephant urine to help with their work.A. Elephants don't, thoughB. By catching the elephants along the trailsC. Elephants urinate some 12 to 15 gallons a dayD. Next, they placed those urine samples along the trailsE. Finally, they tested the chemicals of the urine samplesF. After observing the elephants' natural behavior on the pathsG. But she also suggests that maybe the smell is vital to the long movements第三部分 语言知识运用．（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Corion Evans, a 19-year-old boy, was hanging out with friends in a parking area below a Mississippi highway in July. ___41___, a car with three girls inside slipped off a boat ramp(坡道), dropping into the Pascagoula River. It rested some 20 feet from land, then___42___. Corion wondered why they just drove into the water and later learned that the driver had followed ___43___ directions from her GPS.It was around 11:30 p.m. In the___44___, Corion and his friends could barely___45___ the girls holding on to the roof, the only part of the car still___46___ water. But they could hear them screaming. Corion___47___his shirt and shoes, put his phone down, then___48___into the water. He helped the first girl and led her to ___49___.Just then, Police Officer Garry Mercer arrived. He jumped into the river to help another girl. However, halfway back to the___50___, she panicked and went underwater, ___51___ Mercer down with her.Corion jumped___52___into the water and helped them until they could stand. “If he hadn’t been there, who knows ” Mercer told the Washington Post.Cora Watson, who could not swim, was still___53___in the water to take a breath, feeling ___54___.Watson said, “I just knew my ___55___ breath was coming and my mind told me that I was slowly___56___ myself.” She began to go under. “fortunately, Corion had____57____me.”The three girls were taken to the hospital and released. They’re alive because Corion Evans risked his ___58___to save them.Corion Evans was honored for his___59___by the mayor. “Corion broke his curfew(宵禁), but I’m not mad,” his mother Marquita told the Post. “He had a good___60___.”41. A. Certainly B. Actually C. Definitely D. Suddenly42. A. left B. burned C. sank D. rushed43. A. exact B. wrong C. opposite D. extra44. A. darkness B. crowd C. silence D. shadow45. A. take out B. bring out C. point out D. make out46. A. in B. above C. under D. off47. A. removed B. exchanged C. delivered D. replaced48. A. escaped B. walked C. dived D. crashed49. A. peace B. recovery C. health D. safety50. A. bank B. shelter C. ship D. bridge51. A. carrying B. dragging C. catching D. pushing52. A. across B. up C. back D. forward53. A. struggling B. striking C. searching D. wandering54. A. annoyed B. scared C. relieved D. relaxed55. A. deep B. precious C. only D. last56. A. behaving B. abandoning C. losing D. helping57. A. grabbed B. touched C. followed D. felt58. A. time B. life C. fortune D. opportunity59. A. thoughts B. attitudes C. actions D. words60. A. view B. chance C. fame D. reason第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Farmland is taking much of the planet. A new global map___61___ (collect) from a satellite shows that the fields of corn, rice and other crops___62___ (eat) up more than 1 million additional square kilometers of land in the past two decades.“The rough march of the human footprint is rather___63___ (violence),”says researcher Matt Hansen. The food needs of a fast-growing population in Africa are driving the expansion. But the study also highlights how Earth's land is becoming___64___ global farm, with wealthier countries outsourcing crop production to poorer____65____ (region). New fields have replaced forests and other natural ecosystems that stored large amounts of carbon, ___66___ (threaten)the efforts to conserve biodiversity and stop climate change.However, the study does tell some hopeful trends. Over the study period, the total quantity of plants increased by 25%. The study also highlights the need to improve cropland productivity in Africa, ___67___has the world’s lowest crop output, meaning that more land___68___ (need) to grow a given amount of food. “If the world wants to solve climate change,” Hansen says, “from a___69___ (pure) self-interested viewpoint, it needs to support Africa ____70____ solving its land use challenge.”第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。My favourite novel is The Little Prince. It is an easy book to read and its lessons are difficult to understand. The book shows that everyone can be a adult, but few people are actually grown-up. In the story, the little prince believes he is the most uniquely person in the universe, so he travels to different planets prove it. The truth disappoints him but allow him to realize who he really is. The Little Prince teaches us the solution to become a grown-up is to put ourselves outside us comfort zone. Then we will realize we were rarely the people who we think of we are. The Little Prince tells us it is our hearts and faith which help us see the world clearly.第二节 书面表达（满分25分）72. 假定你是李华。你的外国朋友Mike即将到你的家乡旅游，请你给他写一封邮件，向他推荐家乡的民俗文化馆（Folk Culture Museum）。邮件内容包括：1．阐明写信事由；2．介绍文化馆特色；3．表示欢迎。注意：1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 2022-2023学年广西南宁市高中毕业班第一次适应性测试英语试题(含听力）（原卷版）.docx 2022-2023学年广西南宁市高中毕业班第一次适应性测试英语试题(含听力）（解析版）.docx
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