资源简介

专题十四 主谓一致 参考答案
考点一
1. was 2. are,is 3. wants 4. is made 5.has been rising/has risen 6. have been polluted
7. is 8. has grown 9. were taken 10. shows, is 11.has changed 12. hasn’t been decided
13. has been damaged 14. has 15. have
考点二
1. shows, is 2. was interviewed 3. were saved 4. is, are 5. wears/is wearing
6. has caused 7. are, are 8. is discussing, was published 9. is 10. is
11. need 12. had been booked 13. sell 14. tastes 15. were used;
16. is 17. knows 18. are encouraged 19.are, is 20.is
21. was invited 22. has been used 23. was 24. lies,stand考点一 主谓一致的概念及一般情况
〖考点诠释〗
1. 主谓一致是指谓语动词在人称和数上和主语保持的一致，即谓语与主语所保持相应的单复数。
2. 遵循三个原则： （1）语法一致，（2）意义一致，（3）就近原则。
They have come. Elizabeth has come. You are students and I am a teacher.
3. 主谓一致方面的考题主要考知识的记忆情况。考查主谓一致的常见题型有语篇填空中时态填空，完形填空，书面表达，短文改错等。做这类题时，必须找出句子的真正主语，然后根据记忆的知识作出判断。
4. 谓语动词常用单数形式的情况
(1) 不可数名词/抽象名词/she /he /it /Ann /a table /to do /doing /主语从句/each of+N复数 /one of+N复数 /some, any , no, every-( one, body ,thing )作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。
Black coffee is bitter . The United States is a wealthy country.
Taking exercise every day is beneficial . That he has achieved his goal is inspiring .
※注意：what we need is more time . What we need are good books .
(2) 表时间、距离、价格、度量衡,四则运算等的名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。
Sixty years is a long time. 4 multiplied by 7 is /makes 28.
但如果强调数目，谓语动词用复数。 There are only 90 days left before they graduated .
(3) many a ＋单数名词 (许多……) ; more than one ＋单数名词(不止一……), one and a half +复数名词作主语，尽管意思是复数，但谓语动词还是用单数。Only one and a half bananas is left on the table.
(4) either, little, a little, much, a great deal, neither + 单数名词, none of + Un做主语，谓语动词用单数。
Much has been said about the Johnsons recently. None of the money is to be taken.
(5) a large amount of + Un /a large quantity + Un 谓语动词用单数；large amounts of + Un /large quantities of + n 谓语动词用复数。
A large amount of water is wasted . Large amounts of water are needed every year .
(6) 形复义单的名词（如：news, maths, physics, politics, )等作主语时，谓语只用单数。
5. 常用复数谓语动词的情况
(1) 并列结构用and 或者both... and...连接作主语时，谓语用复数。
Reading and writing are very important. Both corn and wheat are grown in my hometown .
※注意：① 当主语由and连接时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前最多只有一个冠词。
One more knife and fork is needed . The writer and professor is devoted to Chinese culture .
② 由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each, every, no, many a修饰时，谓语用单数形式。
No sound and no voice was heard at that moment .
(2) people, cattle, police, goods , clothes, trousers , scissors ,folk, glasses 做主语时, 谓语用复数。
My glasses make it possible for me to see things clearly . 但注意：This pair of trousers / glasses is his .
(3) a number of+N复数或代词，谓语用复数；但the number of+N复数或代词，谓语用单数。
(4) both , few , a few , many , several, one or two +N复数等复数概念做主语时，谓语用复数。
One or two businessmen were invited to the meeting. Several invitations were refused.
(5) The + 形容词(如the poor , the rich , the young, the old, the dead, the sick, the brave 表一类人时，谓语动词用复数。但注意；The + 形容词表一个人时；the + 形容词表一类事物时，谓语用单数。
The wealthy are called on to help others. The beautiful is not always the useful.
〖活学巧练〗填空题：
1. The League secretary and monitor _______ (be) asked to make a speech at the meeting yesterday.
2. The police ______ (be) in search of the missing child . What they need now _____ (be) more information.
3. Someone standing among the trees _______ (want) to see you .
4. Every (Each, No) desk and every (each, no) chair ________ (make) of wood.
5. The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities _______ (rise) steadily since 1990.
6. —Why does the lake smell terrible —Because large quantities of water _______ (pollute) so far.
7. At present, one of the arguments in favor of the new airport ____ (be) that it will bring a lot of jobs to the area.
8. The population of Jiangsu _____ (grow) to more than twice what it was in 1949. It is approaching 74 million.
9. The wounded _______ (take) in by the hospital immediately after the accident.
10. A survey of the opinions of experts ___ (show) that three hours of outdoor exercise a week __ (be) beneficial .
11. The country life he was used to ______ (change) greatly since 1992.　
12. Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where _______ (decide) yet.
13. Many a ship _____________ ( damage) in the storm.
14. Each of us_______ (have) a tape-recorder. 15. We each_______ (have) a tape- recorder.考点二 主谓一致的高频考点
〖考点诠释〗
1. 视情况来确定谓语动词的单复数
(1) such, all , some, most, half, 30% , two-thirds, a lot, the rest, any, part of , more, what, plenty of, the majority of , the minority of , a large percentage of, which, who做主语时据所带意思来定谓语动词。
Since all are present, let’s get started. No money is mine . All is hers.
Who is that boy in blue /Who are the boys Such is my answer. /Such are their requirements.
(2) 当主语后面跟有with, together with, along with , like, except, besides, but, no less than, rather than, other than, in addition to, apart from, as well as ,as等词引起的短语时，谓语与这些词前面的主语一致。
The teacher, together with some students is visiting the factory. He as well as I wants to go boating.
※ 注意：主语和谓语之间插入了分词短语，谓语要与主语保持一致。
　 Mr Smith , followed by his wife and three children , has just arrived.
(3) 集体名词作主语时，谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。如family, audience, crew, crowd, class, group, army, company, committee，强调集体时, 谓语用单数；强调所有成员时，谓语用复数。
His family isn't very large. His family are music lovers.
(4) 在定语从句中主语是关系代词who, that, which, 谓语动词的数应与先行词的数一致。
I, who am a student, will be a doctor. Her work inspires those who want to cheer.
　　※ 注意：在“one of +复数名词+ who/that/which”引导的定语从句中，从句谓语的单复数取决 于one前是否有the (only), the very。如果有，从句的谓语动词用单数，如没有the only， 就用复数形式。
　　This is one of the most interesting questions that have been asked.
　　He was the only one of the students who was late for school.
(5) 代词 none, neither 作主语时，主要根据说话人的意思来决定。
(6) 强调句中强调主语时。It’s I who am going to Kunming. It is your mother that loves you forever.
(7) means, sheep, fish(条数), deer, species, series, the following单复数同形的词做主语时，据情况定。
(8) kind of, pair of, sort of, type of+ n 谓语动词与kind, pair, sort, type 取得一致。
These pairs of glasses are good . This kind of book(s) is in need . ※Books of this kind are in need.
2. 主谓一致中的就近原则
(1) 当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。
There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk./ There are twenty boy and only one girl in the class.
(2) 当either… or…, neither… nor…，not only… but also…. , … or… ，not…but…连接两个主语时， 或者句子是由here, there引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。
Either you or she is to go. Are either you or she to go Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper.
(3) 在倒装句中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。 Between the houses is a tall tree.
〖活学巧练〗填空题：
1. All the scientific evidence ___ (show) that increasing use of chemicals in farming __ (be) damaging our health.
2. The coach, as well as his team, ___ (interview) shortly after the match for their outstanding performance.
3. The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which _____ (be) saved for other purposes.
4. One third of the country ______ (be) covered with trees and the majority of the citizens ___ (be) black people.
5. Barbara is easy to recognize as she’s the only one of the women who _______ (wear) evening dress.
6. Listening to loud music at rock concerts (cause) hearing loss in some teenagers recently.
7. Such poets as Byron (be) widely read, of whose works, however, some (be) difficult to understand.
8. The teacher together with the students ____ ( discuss) Reading Skills that ______ (publish) newly in America.
9. Either you or one of your students ______ (be) to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.
10. Dr. Smith, together with his wife and daughters, ______ (be) going to visit Beijing this summer.
11. As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area (need) repairing.
12. The manager entered the office and was happy to learn that four-fifths of the tickets ______ (book).
13. Books of this kind ________ (sell) well. 14. This kind of apple ______ (taste) good.
15. The company had 20 computers but only one-third (use) regularly.Now we have 60 working all day.
16. Most of what has been said about the Smiths (be) also true of the Johnsons.
17. No one in the department but Tom and I ______ (know) that the director is going to resign.
18. All the employees except the manager ______ (encourage ) to work online at home.
19. The university estimates that living expenses for international students _____ (be) around﹩8,8450 a year, which _____ (be) a burden for some of them .
20. Generally, students’s motivation with high expectations from others ____ (be) essential to their development.
21. The famous musician , with his students, ____ (invite) to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Expo.
22. Every possible means _____ (use) to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear.
23. I told him what I was surprised at _____ (be) his attitude towards his study.
24. North the city ________ (lie) a lake /________ (stand ) some buildings.

展开更多......

收起↑