资源简介

高二2023-2024学年上学期学科素养评估(三调)
英语学科试题
(本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟)
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. When will the speakers meet
A. At 2:50. B. At 3:00. C. At 4:00.
2. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. On a farm. B. In the street. C. At a supermarket.
3. What will the man do next year
A. Attend a marketing course.
B. Look for a part-time job.
C. Continue to work in the company.
4. What was damaged in the storm
A. The car. B. The roof. C. A window.
5. What are the speakers talking about
A. The road conditions. B. A driving experience. C. A car accident.
第二节(共15小题;每小题15分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where are the cups
A. In the plastic bag. B. In the box. C. In the back of the car.
7. What have the speakers left behind
A. The frying pan. B. The plates. C. The tent.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. How does the woman feel about the dance competition
A. Excited. B. Nervous. C. Confident.
9. What is the woman looking forward to most
A. Dancing in front of many people.
B Watching good dancers on stage.
C. Making some good new friends.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What did the man do today
A. He watched Pamela Anderson’s new movie.
B. He took photos with Pamela Anderson.
C. He got Pamela Anderson’s signature.
11. What did the man get for the woman
A A photo. B. A poster. C. A magazine.
12. What does the man think of Pamela Anderson
A. She is a great actress.
B. She looks younger than on the screen.
C. She attracts people because of her appearance.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. How does Kirsty go to the sports village every morning
A. By car. B. By bike. C. On foot.
14. What does Kirsty do at midday
A. She practices shooting. B. She meets her coaches. C. She takes a walk.
15. What exercise does Kirsty do before supper
A She goes running. B. She goes swimming. C. She plays football.
16. When does Kirsty finish her football practice
A. At 6:30. B. At 7:30. C. At 9:00.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the speaker’s mother
A. A designer. B. A doctor. C. A teacher.
18. What did the speaker do first after he left high school
A. He got a full-time job.
B. He did a business course.
C. He went to an art college.
19. How long did the speaker stay in Milan
A. One year. B. Two years. C. Three years.
20. What difficulty did the speaker have in New York
A. He was homesick.
B. His parents didn’t support him.
C. He could not start a company there.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Nobody likes to spend money on a new book only to face disappointment when it doesn’t live up to your expectations. Here are the best book review sites to help you avoid buying books that you’ll regret reading.
Goodreads
Goodreads is the leading online community for book lovers. If you want some inspiration for which novel or biography to read next, this is the best book review site to visit. There are an endless number of user-generated reading lists to explore.
Fantasy Book Review
Fantasy Book Review should be high on the list for anyone who is a fan of fantasy works. The book review site publishes reviews for both children’s books and adults’ books. It has a section on the top fantasy books of all time.
Booklist
Booklist is a print magazine that also offers an online portal. Trusted experts from the American Library Association write all the book reviews. You can see parts of reviews for different books. However, to read them in full, you will need to subscribe.
YouTube
YouTube is not the type of place that immediately springs to mind when you think of the best book review sites online. However, there are several engaging YouTube channels that frequently offer opinions on books they’ve read.
Although it’s easy to be attracted by an impressive book cover, it’s always best to have a quick look at the book reviews before actually buying a copy. This way, you can save your money and spend it on the books that you’ll be proud to display on your shelves for a long time.
1. Which site best suits people who are into the story of one person’s life
A. Goodreads. B. Fantasy Book Review.
C. Booklist. D. YouTube.
2. What can visitors do on Booklist
A. Edit book reviews. B. Discuss with experts.
C. Read full reviews after payment. D. Find information about writers.
3. What is recommended before buying a book
A. Noting the book cover. B. Reading the book reviews.
C. Preparing a display shelf. D. Checking the book’s ratings.
B
I got the opportunity to pursue an unmatchable educational vision at Stanford University. I was flooded with feelings of relief and excitement. It was a miracle that the American Dream had exposed its colors in my favor.
Upon arrival at the campus, ambition burned within me. I imagined becoming President of the Student Union, a member of Cardinal Calypso, and so on. I wanted Stanford to be a place for me to really learn about the vast world.
I was extremely occupied beyond the classroom. As an active member of nearly twelve VSOs (Voluntary Service Overseas), I could hardly focus on my study. Ultimately, my academic journey at Stanford was characterized by a lack of consistency (连贯性). The letter informing me of my academic suspension (停学) did not come as a surprise.I knew I would have to face consequences.
Fortunately, Infomineo, a research organization, offered me the opportunity to complete a six-month internship (实习) . This experience has done wonders for me, giving me insight into who I am, what I want to do, where I want to be, and how I can get there. I should have known that the freshman year is about testing out courses and extra-curriculars, and that each decision should end up helping me in the future.
Most significantly, I’ve learned big changes are born of little consistencies. This is what I will carry for the rest of my life, especially at Stanford University. Consistently attending professors’ classes or routinely setting aside time to review notes outside the classroom. This is where I stand now, and ready to tackle Stanford again. This time, with clearer sight of how to accomplish my goals, I feel that I have detected and revealed a new power within me.
4. How did the author feel when arriving at Stanford
A. Excited and nervous.
B. Grateful and curious.
C. Ambitious and hopeful.
D. Relieved and puzzled.
5. What happened to the author at Stanford
A. He was rejected by the Student Union.
B. He failed to meet academic requirements.
C. He was burdened with heavy schoolwork.
D. He managed to establish voluntary groups.
6. Which of the following best describes the author’s internship experience
A. Demanding. B. Beneficial. C. Fruitless. D. Risky.
7. What lesson has the author learnt
A. Dreams work wonders.
B. Changes promote progress.
C. Consistencies make the difference.
D. Opportunities favor the prepared mind.
C
Often called “the Lady with the Lamp”, Florence Nightingale was a caring nurse and a leader. She is mostly known for making hospitals a cleaner and safer place to be.
Although her parents were from England, Florence Nightingale was born in 1820 in Italy while they were traveling. Growing up in a wealthy family, Florence Nightingale was homeschooled by her father and expected to engage in a marriage at a young age. However, Nightingale believed she received a “calling” from God to help the poor and the sick. Despite the initial disapproval, her father eventually allowed her to go to Germany and then Paris to study. By the time she was 33, Nightingale was already making a name for herself in the nursing community.
When the Crimean War began in 1854, the British, with the lack of medical supplies, overcrowding, and dirty conditions, were unprepared to deal with a large number of sick and injured soldiers. The Secretary of War, Sidney Herbert asked Nightingale to manage a group of nurses that would go to treat the wounded soldiers. When they got there, the doctors were unwelcoming because they did not want to work with female nurses. However, as the number of patients increased, the doctors needed their help. The nurses brought supplies, nutritious food and cleanliness to the military hospital. Nightingale was known for carrying a lamp and checking on the soldiers at night, so they gave her the nickname “the Lady with the Lamp”. Within six months, Nightingale and her team transformed the hospital, and the death rate went down significantly because of their work.
When Nightingale returned from the war, she continued to improve the conditions of hospitals. She wrote 150 books, pamphlets (小册子), and reports on health-related issues. In her later years, often bedridden from illness, she continued to advocate for safe nursing practices until her death. Although Florence Nightingale died on August 13th, 1910, at the age of 90, her legacy continues.
8. What did Nightingale’s parents expect her to do at a young age
A. To get married. B. To travel in Italy.
C. To study in Germany. D. To help the poor and the sick.
9. How did the doctors react when the nurse team arrived at first
A. Passionate. B. Untreated.
C. Uncooperative. D. Indifferent
10 Why was Nightingale nicknamed “the Lady with the Lamp”
A. She liked collecting lamps.
B. She often burned midnight oil for study carrying a lamp.
C. She brought lamps for the military hospital to use.
D. She usually attended to the soldiers at night.
11. What will be the probable content for the next paragraph
A. The books Nightingale wrote.
B. The continued impact Nightingale has made.
C. The difficulties Nightingale encountered before.
D. The great things Nightingale did during her lifetime.
D
Microsoft says it has used the natural language Al ChatGPT to control robots with simple text commands. The approach means people with no engineering experience will be able to instruct robots to carry out tasks.
Microsoft said the research was intended “to see if ChatGPT can think beyond text, and reason about the physical world to help with robotics tasks”. Robots are typically controlled by software that has been written by humans and sets out precise instructions, or else by some form of network Al that can learn to carry out tasks based on large numbers of examples.
Neither Microsoft nor Open Al responded to a request for comment on this, but Microsoft said ChatGPT allows a user to monitor the process. ChatGPT isn’t in direct, real-time control of the robot, but simply creates the code that controls it. Microsoft said ChatGPT output shouldn’t be used directly to control a robot without “careful analysis”, but experts warn that it is risky to even begin thinking about placing Al in control of physical machines.
Mark Coeckelbergh at the University of Vienna, Austria, says that regulations may be needed in order to set out where Al can be used and who is responsible should things go wrong. “It’s a very dangerous thing to just say ‘let’s give control of these computers to AI’,” says Coeckelbergh. “The problem with contemporary artificial intelligence is that it’s not transparent(透明的) to the user. That’s a huge problem.”
Others were doubtful about the ability of language models to program robots for complex tasks. Kathleen Richardson at De Montfort University Leicester, UK, says that Al language models are convincing mimics (模仿者), but that their real ability — including their adaptability to control robots — is often overblown. “I think Microsoft, and most people who design robots,overstate what they can and can’t do,” she says.
12. What’s the purpose of the research conducted by Microsoft
A. To prove ChatGPT’s capacity to carry out tasks.
B. To test ChatGPT’s ability to control robots.
C. To teach ChatGPT to give accurate instructions.
D. To identify the hidden problems of ChatGPT.
13. What attitude does Microsoft show towards the direct use of ChatGPT onto a robot
A. Curious. B. Optimistic. C. Supportive. D. Opposed.
14. What does Mark Coeckelbergh want to convey
A. It’s safe to use Al to control physical machines.
B. AI’s adaptability to control robots is reliable.
C. Regulations of Al use should be in place.
D. The problem with Al is still under debate.
15. What is the best title for the text
A. ChatGPT tells robots what to do
B. Power of ChatGPT is changing us
C. Problems of ChatGPT need solving
D. Al takes control of robots wisely
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
As the saying goes, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.” Therefore, when you intend to run your business in France, you may as well get to know French culture, make marketing plans, and do business by local laws.
____16____The French take great pride in their language, so anyone who does not speak it may run the risk of being disrespected by his French colleagues or business partners. Also, another reason why learning French is important is that it is a great way to show every possible French business partner that you care and respect their country’s culture and language.
Use first names only after being invited to.____17____The French will sometimes introduce themselves using their surname first, followed by their first name.
Dress well. The French draw information about people based on their appearance. Your business clothing is a reflection of your success and social status.____18____Women are advised to dress simply but elegantly. Wearing make-up is practiced widely by businesswomen.
The French are passionate about food, so lunches are common in doing business in France, which usually consist of an appetizer, a main meal with wine, cheese, dessert and coffee, and normally take up to two hours.____19____
Do not begin eating until the host says “bon appetite”. Pass dishes to the left, keep wrists above the table and try to eat everything on the plate.____20____This may suggest that you find the food tasteless. If eating in a restaurant, the person who makes an invitation always pays.
A. Always try to be tasteful and stylish.
B. Remember to be as polite as possible.
C. This is a time for relationship building.
D. Use Monsieur or Madame before the surname.
E. Be careful with adding salt, pepper or sauces to your food.
F. Make an appointment with your business partner in advance.
G. Language should be the focus of anyone planning to do business in France
第三部分 语言知识运用(共三节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。
Starting a career in engineering can be challenging. You know what you ____21____: experience, a network and often the confidence that everything will ____22____.
My advice to young engineers is: Focus on your ____23____, and stop worrying about your weaknesses. Of course, you must ____24____ problems in areas where you are weak, but ____25____ spending too much effort on them. Chances are that you will never be perfect in those areas, so it makes no ____26____ in wasting your energy.
Of course, there will be times when things are hard, but if you believe in yourself and have a ____27____ of where you want to go and develop your strengths—they’ll ____28____ you apart, you will go far.
The biggest challenge I have faced in my career is being a woman in a ____29____ profession. When I started working, I was the only female engineer in my division. Though I was as ____30____ as my colleagues, it was tough to get them to accept me as their ____31____. Instead of feeling upset, I chose to focus on my strengths as a woman engineer to earn their respect. ____32____, they accepted me.
Thankfully, the gender ____33____ has improved since I first started. Now, I have several female engineers working in my team. As the head, I get a thrill from ____34____ people in roles and on projects according to their abilities and seeing them achieve great results. Helping a person ____35____ by focusing on her strengths gives me a huge amount of satisfaction.
21. A. approve B. lack C. envy D. take
22. A. bring out B. put out C. work out D. leave out
23. A. strengths B. comfort C. routines D. priorities
24. A. cite B. identify C. grasp D. handle
25 A. avoid B. charge C. engage D. apply
26. A. compromise B. excuse C. mistake D. sense
27. A. practice B. proof C. review D. vision
28. A. keep B. take C. set D. tell
29. A. narrow-minded B. male-dominated C. old-fashioned D. female-centred
30. A. stubborn B. humorous C. competent D. realistic
31. A. equal B. opponent C. contemporary D. suspect
32. A. Occasionally B. Originally C. Initially D. Eventually
33. A. characteristic B. role C. balance D. preference
34. A. placing B. motivating C. concerning D. updating
35. A. explore B. develop C. compete D. qualify
Ⅱ卷
第二节：单词拼写：
36. Who is to ____________ (责备) for the air pollution nowadays (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
37. AI is already being used with great success as one of personal ____________ (助手) in our smartphones. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
38. He made a vivid ____________ (陈述) about how to learn English, leaving a deep impression on us. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
39. That the teacher has been encouraging him ____________ (增强) his confidence in the future. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
40. We can’t live up to our teachers’ ____________ (期望) because they devote all their energies to our growth(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
第二节(共10小题;每小题15分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
We have learned a lot of outstanding scientists. Yuan Longping, known as the “father of hybrid rice”, was one of China’s most famous scientists. In his life, ____41____ concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat. Farmers needed to boost yields in the fields they had. How this could be done was a challenging question at the time. Yuan ____42____ (convince) that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice. However, ____43____ it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate. Today, ____44____ is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops ____45____ (generate) from Yuan’s hybrid strains.
When ____46____ outbreak of cholera hit Europe, John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs. The truth was ____47____ the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste. Besides, Qian Xuesen and Stephen Hawking both had a great impact ____48____ the development of science. One cannot deny the fact ____49____ these great scientist make contributions to the world. We all think it important that we can learn ____50____ (science) spirit.
第四部分：写作(共两节，满40分)
第一节：(15分)
51. 假定你是李华，你的London笔友Jackson最近在考虑是想要出国留学他来信征求你的意见，请你就此用英语给他写一封电子邮件，阐述你的观点，并给出理由（不少于三个）。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节：(25分)
52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Last March, Margarito drove to visit his mother who lived in the countryside. When he set off for home, Margarito’s mother looked at the dark sky and noticed the sign of a coming storm. Worried about her son’s safety, she told him to drive as carefully as possible on his way home and he promised to give her a call upon his arrival.
With his mother’s words in mind, Margarito approached the main road carefully. Soon, it started to rain heavily. Eager to get home, Margarito began to drive faster. Two hours later, he came to a bumpy mountain road that had been flooded by a creek (小溪). Margarito, driving a four-wheel drive truck, figured that he would be OK. At that moment, he didn’t realize that such a thought would be a big mistake.
It was halfway across the creek that an unfortunate incident took place: The rushing waters grabbed hold of his vehicle, pushing it off the road and sending it down a rocky creek bed. The truck finally stopped some 80 feet away. Margarito’s problems only grew from there as the water had somehow positioned the truck into the creek bank at a 45-degree angle, making it difficult for him to open the driver’s side door. Injured and trapped inside with the muddy water rising quickly, Margarito was certain he was going to die. Shaking with fear, he was at a loss about what to do.
On the road right behind Margarito were a delivery worker named Steve and his nephew Mike, who were on the way to deliver furniture to customers in the countryside. They witnessed the horrible incident, and when Margarito’s truck came to rest in the middle of the overflowing creek, Steve quickly began to take action. First, he grabbed a rope from the back of his vehicle and used it to ensure he could safely approach the truck.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Next, he turned to Mike and yelled, “Give me a rock!”
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Margarito was about to thank Steve and Mike when the mobile phone in his jacket pocket rang.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________高二2023-2024学年上学期学科素养评估(三调)
英语学科试题
(本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟)
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. When will the speakers meet
A. At 2:50. B. At 3:00. C. At 4:00.
2. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. On a farm. B. In the street. C. At a supermarket.
3. What will the man do next year
A Attend a marketing course.
B. Look for a part-time job.
C. Continue to work in the company.
4. What was damaged in the storm
A. The car. B. The roof. C. A window.
5. What are the speakers talking about
A. The road conditions. B. A driving experience. C. A car accident.
第二节(共15小题;每小题15分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where are the cups
A. In the plastic bag. B. In the box. C. In the back of the car.
7. What have the speakers left behind
A. The frying pan. B. The plates. C. The tent.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. How does the woman feel about the dance competition
A. Excited. B. Nervous. C. Confident.
9. What is the woman looking forward to most
A. Dancing in front of many people.
B. Watching good dancers on stage.
C. Making some good new friends.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What did the man do today
A. He watched Pamela Anderson’s new movie.
B. He took photos with Pamela Anderson.
C. He got Pamela Anderson’s signature.
11. What did the man get for the woman
A. A photo. B. A poster. C. A magazine.
12. What does the man think of Pamela Anderson
A. She is a great actress.
B. She looks younger than on the screen.
C. She attracts people because of her appearance.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. How does Kirsty go to the sports village every morning
A. By car. B. By bike. C. On foot.
14. What does Kirsty do at midday
A. She practices shooting. B. She meets her coaches. C. She takes a walk.
15. What exercise does Kirsty do before supper
A. She goes running. B. She goes swimming. C. She plays football.
16. When does Kirsty finish her football practice
A. At 6:30. B. At 7:30. C. At 9:00.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the speaker’s mother
A. A designer. B. A doctor. C. A teacher.
18. What did the speaker do first after he left high school
A. He got a full-time job.
B. He did a business course.
C. He went to an art college.
19. How long did the speaker stay in Milan
A. One year. B. Two years. C. Three years.
20. What difficulty did the speaker have in New York
A. He was homesick.
B. His parents didn’t support him.
C. He could not start a company there.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Nobody likes to spend money on a new book only to face disappointment when it doesn’t live up to your expectations. Here are the best book review sites to help you avoid buying books that you’ll regret reading.
Goodreads
Goodreads is the leading online community for book lovers. If you want some inspiration for which novel or biography to read next, this is the best book review site to visit. There are an endless number of user-generated reading lists to explore.
Fantasy Book Review
Fantasy Book Review should be high on the list for anyone who is a fan of fantasy works. The book review site publishes reviews for both children’s books and adults’ books. It has a section on the top fantasy books of all time.
Booklist
Booklist is a print magazine that also offers an online portal. Trusted experts from the American Library Association write all the book reviews. You can see parts of reviews for different books. However, to read them in full, you will need to subscribe.
YouTube
YouTube is not the type of place that immediately springs to mind when you think of the best book review sites online. However, there are several engaging YouTube channels that frequently offer opinions on books they’ve read.
Although it’s easy to be attracted by an impressive book cover, it’s always best to have a quick look at the book reviews before actually buying a copy. This way, you can save your money and spend it on the books that you’ll be proud to display on your shelves for a long time.
1. Which site best suits people who are into the story of one person’s life
A. Goodreads. B. Fantasy Book Review.
C. Booklist. D. YouTube.
2. What can visitors do on Booklist
A. Edit book reviews. B. Discuss with experts.
C. Read full reviews after payment. D. Find information about writers.
3. What is recommended before buying a book
A. Noting the book cover. B. Reading the book reviews.
C. Preparing a display shelf. D. Checking the book’s ratings.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个书评网站的情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Goodreads中“If you want some inspiration for which novel or biography to read next, this is the best book review site to visit. (如果你想要一些下一本小说或传记的灵感，这是最好的书评网站访问)”可知，Goodreads最适合想买传记的人。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Booklist中“You can see parts of reviews for different books. However, to read them in full, you will need to subscribe. (你可以看到不同书籍的部分评论。然而，要完整阅读它们，你需要订阅)”可知，访客可以在Booklist上付款后阅读完整的评论。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据YouTube中“Although it’s easy to be attracted by an impressive book cover, it’s always best to have a quick look at the book reviews before actually buying a copy.(尽管人们很容易被一本令人印象深刻的书的封面所吸引，但在真正购买之前，最好还是快速浏览一下书评)”可知，在买书之前，建议阅读书评。故选B项。
B
I got the opportunity to pursue an unmatchable educational vision at Stanford University. I was flooded with feelings of relief and excitement. It was a miracle that the American Dream had exposed its colors in my favor.
Upon arrival at the campus, ambition burned within me. I imagined becoming President of the Student Union, a member of Cardinal Calypso, and so on. I wanted Stanford to be a place for me to really learn about the vast world.
I was extremely occupied beyond the classroom. As an active member of nearly twelve VSOs (Voluntary Service Overseas), I could hardly focus on my study. Ultimately, my academic journey at Stanford was characterized by a lack of consistency (连贯性). The letter informing me of my academic suspension (停学) did not come as a surprise.I knew I would have to face consequences.
Fortunately, Infomineo, a research organization, offered me the opportunity to complete a six-month internship (实习) . This experience has done wonders for me, giving me insight into who I am, what I want to do, where I want to be, and how I can get there. I should have known that the freshman year is about testing out courses and extra-curriculars, and that each decision should end up helping me in the future.
Most significantly, I’ve learned big changes are born of little consistencies. This is what I will carry for the rest of my life, especially at Stanford University. Consistently attending professors’ classes or routinely setting aside time to review notes outside the classroom. This is where I stand now, and ready to tackle Stanford again. This time, with clearer sight of how to accomplish my goals, I feel that I have detected and revealed a new power within me.
4. How did the author feel when arriving at Stanford
A. Excited and nervous.
B. Grateful and curious.
C. Ambitious and hopeful.
D. Relieved and puzzled.
5. What happened to the author at Stanford
A. He was rejected by the Student Union.
B. He failed to meet academic requirements.
C. He was burdened with heavy schoolwork.
D. He managed to establish voluntary groups.
6. Which of the following best describes the author’s internship experience
A. Demanding. B. Beneficial. C. Fruitless. D. Risky.
7. What lesson has the author learnt
A. Dreams work wonders.
B. Changes promote progress.
C. Consistencies make the difference.
D. Opportunities favor the prepared mind.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在斯坦福大学的求学经历以及明白了一致性决定成败这个道理。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Upon arrival at the campus, ambition burned within me. I imagined becoming President of the Student Union, a member of Cardinal Calypso, and so on. I wanted Stanford to be a place for me to really learn about the vast world.”（一到校园，我的雄心就燃烧起来了。我想象着成为学生会主席，卡吕普索红衣主教的一员，等等。我希望斯坦福成为一个让我真正了解广阔世界的地方。）可知，作者到达斯坦福大学时感到雄心勃勃，充满希望。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“I was extremely occupied beyond the classroom. As an active member of nearly twelve VSOs (Voluntary Service Overseas), I could hardly focus on my study. Ultimately, my academic journey at Stanford was characterized by a lack of consistency . The letter informing me of my academic suspension did not come as a surprise. I knew I would have to face consequences.”（我在教室之外忙得不可开交。作为近12个海外志愿服务(VSOs)的活跃成员，我几乎无法集中精力学习。最终，我在斯坦福大学的学术之旅的特点是缺乏一致性。这封通知我停学的信并不让我感到意外。我知道我必须面对后果。）可知，作者在斯坦福没有达到学业要求。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“This experience has done wonders for me, giving me insight into who I am, what I want to do, where I want to be, and how I can get there. I should have known that the freshman year is about testing out courses and extra-curriculars, and that each decision should end up helping me in the future.”（这段经历对我来说创造了奇迹，让我明白了我是谁，我想做什么，我想去哪里，以及我如何才能达到那里。我应该知道，大一就是测试课程和课外活动，每一个决定最终都应该对我的未来有所帮助。）可推知，作者的实习经历是有好处的，有帮助的。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Ultimately, my academic journey at Stanford was characterized by a lack of consistency .”（最终，我在斯坦福大学的学术之旅的特点是缺乏一致性。）以及最后一段中“Most significantly, I’ve learned big changes are born of little consistencies. This is what I will carry for the rest of my life, especially at Stanford University.”（最重要的是，我了解到巨大的变化源于微小的一致性。我的余生将牢记这一点，尤其是在斯坦福大学。）可推知，作者从中明白了一致性决定成败这个教训。故选C项。
C
Often called “the Lady with the Lamp”, Florence Nightingale was a caring nurse and a leader. She is mostly known for making hospitals a cleaner and safer place to be.
Although her parents were from England, Florence Nightingale was born in 1820 in Italy while they were traveling. Growing up in a wealthy family, Florence Nightingale was homeschooled by her father and expected to engage in a marriage at a young age. However, Nightingale believed she received a “calling” from God to help the poor and the sick. Despite the initial disapproval, her father eventually allowed her to go to Germany and then Paris to study. By the time she was 33, Nightingale was already making a name for herself in the nursing community.
When the Crimean War began in 1854, the British, with the lack of medical supplies, overcrowding, and dirty conditions, were unprepared to deal with a large number of sick and injured soldiers. The Secretary of War, Sidney Herbert asked Nightingale to manage a group of nurses that would go to treat the wounded soldiers. When they got there, the doctors were unwelcoming because they did not want to work with female nurses. However, as the number of patients increased, the doctors needed their help. The nurses brought supplies, nutritious food and cleanliness to the military hospital. Nightingale was known for carrying a lamp and checking on the soldiers at night, so they gave her the nickname “the Lady with the Lamp”. Within six months, Nightingale and her team transformed the hospital, and the death rate went down significantly because of their work.
When Nightingale returned from the war, she continued to improve the conditions of hospitals. She wrote 150 books, pamphlets (小册子), and reports on health-related issues. In her later years, often bedridden from illness, she continued to advocate for safe nursing practices until her death. Although Florence Nightingale died on August 13th, 1910, at the age of 90, her legacy continues.
8. What did Nightingale’s parents expect her to do at a young age
A. To get married. B. To travel in Italy.
C. To study in Germany. D. To help the poor and the sick.
9. How did the doctors react when the nurse team arrived at first
A. Passionate. B. Untreated.
C. Uncooperative. D. Indifferent
10. Why was Nightingale nicknamed “the Lady with the Lamp”
A. She liked collecting lamps.
B. She often burned midnight oil for study carrying a lamp.
C. She brought lamps for the military hospital to use.
D. She usually attended to the soldiers at night.
11. What will be the probable content for the next paragraph
A The books Nightingale wrote.
B. The continued impact Nightingale has made.
C. The difficulties Nightingale encountered before.
D. The great things Nightingale did during her lifetime.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了Florence Nightingale的生平，以及她为改善医院的医疗环境所作的突出贡献。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Growing up in a wealthy family, Florence Nightingale was homeschooled by her father and expected to engage in a marriage at a young age.(Florence Nightingale 在一个富裕的家庭长大，由父亲在家教学，并被期望在年轻的时候结婚。)”可知，Florence Nightingale 的父母期望她在年轻的时候结婚。故选A项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“When they got there, the doctors were unwelcoming because they did not want to work with female nurses.(当她们到达那里时，医生们并不友善，因为他们不想和女护士一起工作。)”可知，当护士团队到达时，一开始这些医生的态度很不友善，他们不愿与女护士一起工作，所以他们是不愿配合的（uncooperative）。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Nightingale was known for carrying a lamp and checking on the soldiers at night, so they gave her the nickname ‘the Lady with the Lamp’.(Nightingale以带灯在夜间检查士兵而闻名，因此他们给她起了‘提灯女神’的绰号。)”可知，Nightingale被称为“提灯女神”，是因为她经常在晚上拿着灯去照顾士兵和检查士兵们的状况。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Although Florence Nightingale died on August 13th, 1910, at the age of 90, her legacy continues.(尽管Florence Nightingale于1910年8月13日去世，享年90岁，但她的遗赠仍在继续。)”可知，Nightingale去世后她的遗赠仍在继续，由此可推测出，接下来应该会讲述Nightingale所产生的持续影响。故选B项。
D
Microsoft says it has used the natural language Al ChatGPT to control robots with simple text commands. The approach means people with no engineering experience will be able to instruct robots to carry out tasks.
Microsoft said the research was intended “to see if ChatGPT can think beyond text, and reason about the physical world to help with robotics tasks”. Robots are typically controlled by software that has been written by humans and sets out precise instructions, or else by some form of network Al that can learn to carry out tasks based on large numbers of examples.
Neither Microsoft nor Open Al responded to a request for comment on this, but Microsoft said ChatGPT allows a user to monitor the process. ChatGPT isn’t in direct, real-time control of the robot, but simply creates the code that controls it. Microsoft said ChatGPT output shouldn’t be used directly to control a robot without “careful analysis”, but experts warn that it is risky to even begin thinking about placing Al in control of physical machines.
Mark Coeckelbergh at the University of Vienna, Austria, says that regulations may be needed in order to set out where Al can be used and who is responsible should things go wrong. “It’s a very dangerous thing to just say ‘let’s give control of these computers to AI’,” says Coeckelbergh. “The problem with contemporary artificial intelligence is that it’s not transparent(透明的) to the user. That’s a huge problem.”
Others were doubtful about the ability of language models to program robots for complex tasks. Kathleen Richardson at De Montfort University Leicester, UK, says that Al language models are convincing mimics (模仿者), but that their real ability — including their adaptability to control robots — is often overblown. “I think Microsoft, and most people who design robots,overstate what they can and can’t do,” she says.
12. What’s the purpose of the research conducted by Microsoft
A. To prove ChatGPT’s capacity to carry out tasks.
B. To test ChatGPT’s ability to control robots.
C. To teach ChatGPT to give accurate instructions.
D. To identify the hidden problems of ChatGPT.
13. What attitude does Microsoft show towards the direct use of ChatGPT onto a robot
A. Curious. B. Optimistic. C. Supportive. D. Opposed.
14. What does Mark Coeckelbergh want to convey
A. It’s safe to use Al to control physical machines.
B. AI’s adaptability to control robots is reliable.
C. Regulations of Al use should be in place.
D. The problem with Al is still under debate.
15. What is the best title for the text
A. ChatGPT tells robots what to do
B. Power of ChatGPT is changing us
C. Problems of ChatGPT need solving
D. Al takes control of robots wisely
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要报道了微软已经使用AI ChatGPT来通过简单的文本命令控制机器人，而这意味着没有工程经验的人将能够指导机器人执行任务。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Microsoft said the research was intended “to see if ChatGPT can think beyond text, and reason about the physical world to help with robotics tasks”.(微软表示，这项研究的目的是“看看ChatGPT是否能超越文本思维，对现实世界进行推理，以帮助机器人完成任务”。)”可知，微软进行该研究是为了测试ChatGPT控制机器人的能力。故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Neither Microsoft nor Open Al responded to a request for comment on this, but Microsoft said ChatGPT allows a user to monitor the process. ChatGPT isn’t in direct, real-time control of the robot, but simply creates the code that controls it. Microsoft said ChatGPT output shouldn’t be used directly to control a robot without “careful analysis”, but experts warn that it is risky to even begin thinking about placing Al in control of physical machines.(微软和Open Al都没有回应对此发表评论的请求，但微软表示，ChatGPT允许用户监控整个过程。ChatGPT并不直接实时控制机器人，而只是创建控制机器人的代码。微软表示，在没有“仔细分析”的情况下，不应该直接使用ChatGPT的输出来控制机器人，但专家警告说，甚至开始考虑让人工智能控制物理机器都是有风险的。)”可知，微软对于直接使用ChatGPT来控制机器人是不赞成的。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Mark Coeckelbergh at the University of Vienna, Austria, says that regulations may be needed in order to set out where Al can be used and who is responsible should things go wrong. “It’s a very dangerous thing to just say ‘let’s give control of these computers to AI’,” says Coeckelbergh.(奥地利维也纳大学的Mark Coeckelbergh说，可能需要制定法规，以便确定人工智能可以在哪里使用，以及如果出现问题谁来负责。Coeckelbergh说：“仅仅说‘让我们把这些电脑的控制权交给人工智能吧’是一件非常危险的事情。”)”可知，Coeckelbergh认为应该制定相关的法规来管理人工智能的使用。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Microsoft says it has used the natural language Al ChatGPT to control robots with simple text commands. The approach means people with no engineering experience will be able to instruct robots to carry out tasks.(微软表示，他们已经使用自然语言AI ChatGPT来通过简单的文本命令控制机器人。这种方法意味着没有工程经验的人将能够指导机器人执行任务。)”可知，文章主要介绍了微软使用AI ChatGPT简单的文本来控制机器人。所以“ChatGPT tells robots what to do(ChatGPT告诉机器人该做什么)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
As the saying goes, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.” Therefore, when you intend to run your business in France, you may as well get to know French culture, make marketing plans, and do business by local laws.
____16____The French take great pride in their language so anyone who does not speak it may run the risk of being disrespected by his French colleagues or business partners. Also, another reason why learning French is important is that it is a great way to show every possible French business partner that you care and respect their country’s culture and language.
Use first names only after being invited to.____17____The French will sometimes introduce themselves using their surname first, followed by their first name.
Dress well. The French draw information about people based on their appearance. Your business clothing is a reflection of your success and social status.____18____Women are advised to dress simply but elegantly. Wearing make-up is practiced widely by businesswomen.
The French are passionate about food, so lunches are common in doing business in France, which usually consist of an appetizer, a main meal with wine, cheese, dessert and coffee, and normally take up to two hours.____19____
Do not begin eating until the host says “bon appetite”. Pass dishes to the left, keep wrists above the table and try to eat everything on the plate.____20____This may suggest that you find the food tasteless. If eating in a restaurant, the person who makes an invitation always pays.
A. Always try to be tasteful and stylish.
B. Remember to be as polite as possible.
C. This is a time for relationship building.
D. Use Monsieur or Madame before the surname.
E. Be careful with adding salt, pepper or sauces to your food.
F. Make an appointment with your business partner in advance.
G. Language should be the focus of anyone planning to do business in France
【答案】16. G 17. D 18. A 19. C 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。入乡随俗，在法国做生意，就要了解法国的文化。文章介绍了与一些法国人做生意有关的文化和注意事项。
【16题详解】
根据空后“The French take great pride in their language, so anyone who does not speak it may run the risk of being disrespected by his French colleagues or business partners”(法国人为他们的语言感到自豪，因此任何不说法语的人可能会冒着被他的法国同事或生意伙伴不尊重的风险)可知，所以本段主要在说法语的重要性，也就是本段的标题所要说明的内容。故G选项“Language should be the focus of anyone planning to do business in France”(语言应该是任何打算在法国做生意的人关注的重点)符合句意。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据空后“The French will sometimes introduce themselves using their surname first, followed by their first name.”(法国人在自我介绍时，有时会先用姓，后用名)其中的surname可知，本段与surname有关，分析选项只有D“Use Monsieur or Madame before the surname”(在姓之前使用Monsieur（先生）或Madame（女士）)与此相关，故选D。
【18题详解】
根据空前“Your business clothing is a reflection of your success and social status.”(你的商务服装反映了你的成功和社会地位)可知，具体说明商业服装会反映出什么信息，下面介绍对商务着装的建议。故A选项“Always try to be tasteful and stylish.”(总是努力保持有品位和时尚)符合句意。故选A。
【19题详解】
根据空前“normally take up to two hours. ”(法国人的午餐时间通常需要两个小时)所以小题4要总结说明午餐时间是建立人际关系的时间。故B选项“This is a time for relationship building.”(午餐时间是建立人际关系的时间)符合句意。故选C。
【20题详解】
根据空后“This may suggest that you find the food tasteless”(这可能表明你觉得食物没有味道)所以空处句要承接下一句，来说明做了什么样的事情表明你觉得食物没有味道。故E选项“Be careful with adding salt, pepper or sauces to your food.”(谨慎向你的食物里加盐、胡椒粉或酱汁)符合句意。故选E。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共三节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。
Starting a career in engineering can be challenging. You know what you ____21____: experience, a network and often the confidence that everything will ____22____.
My advice to young engineers is: Focus on your ____23____, and stop worrying about your weaknesses. Of course, you must ____24____ problems in areas where you are weak, but ____25____ spending too much effort on them. Chances are that you will never be perfect in those areas, so it makes no ____26____ in wasting your energy.
Of course, there will be times when things are hard, but if you believe in yourself and have a ____27____ of where you want to go and develop your strengths—they’ll ____28____ you apart, you will go far.
The biggest challenge I have faced in my career is being a woman in a ____29____ profession. When I started working, I was the only female engineer in my division. Though I was as ____30____ as my colleagues, it was tough to get them to accept me as their ____31____. Instead of feeling upset, I chose to focus on my strengths as a woman engineer to earn their respect. ____32____, they accepted me.
Thankfully, the gender ____33____ has improved since I first started. Now, I have several female engineers working in my team. As the head, I get a thrill from ____34____ people in roles and on projects according to their abilities and seeing them achieve great results. Helping a person ____35____ by focusing on her strengths gives me a huge amount of satisfaction.
21. A. approve B. lack C. envy D. take
22. A. bring out B. put out C. work out D. leave out
23. A. strengths B. comfort C. routines D. priorities
24. A. cite B. identify C. grasp D. handle
25. A. avoid B. charge C. engage D. apply
26. A. compromise B. excuse C. mistake D. sense
27. A. practice B. proof C. review D. vision
28. A. keep B. take C. set D. tell
29. A. narrow-minded B. male-dominated C. old-fashioned D. female-centred
30. A. stubborn B. humorous C. competent D. realistic
31. A. equal B. opponent C. contemporary D. suspect
32. A. Occasionally B. Originally C. Initially D. Eventually
33. A. characteristic B. role C. balance D. preference
34. A. placing B. motivating C. concerning D. updating
35. A. explore B. develop C. compete D. qualify
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. D 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章以自己的经历告诉年轻的工程师：关注自己的优点，无需担忧自己的缺点。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你知道自己缺乏什么：经验，人际关系，通常还有一切都会解决的信心。A. approve同意；B. lack缺乏；C. envy嫉妒；D. take拿走。根据上文“Starting a career in engineering can be challenging.”可知，这里指的是刚刚工作的人，由此可知，下文提到的“experience, a network, and often the confidence”是这些人所缺乏的。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：你知道自己缺乏什么：经验，人际关系，通常还有一切都会解决的信心。A. bring out拿出；B. put out扑灭；C. work out解决、锻炼；D. leave out省略。根据上文“Starting a career in engineering”可知，刚刚步入职场的人缺乏那种一切都会解决的信心。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对年轻工程师的建议是：关注你的优点，不要担心你的缺点。A. strengths强项、优点；B. comfort安慰；C. routines常规工作；D. priorities优先权。根据下文“stop worrying about your weaknesses”可知，下文指的是不要担心自己的缺点，由此可知，空处指的是专注自己的优点。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，你必须在自己的弱项上解决问题，但不要在这些方面花费太多精力。A. cite引用；B. identify识别；C. grasp抓住；D. handle解决。根据空后“problems in areas where you are weak”可知，空后指的是弱项上的问题，根据常识可知，这些问题是需要解决的。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，你必须在自己的弱项上解决问题，但不要在这些方面花费太多精力。A. avoid避免；B. charge收费；C. engage参加；D. apply应用。根据下文“Chances are that you will never be perfect in those areas”可知，很有可能在这些方面永远都不会完美，由此推断，在这些方面不要花费太多精力。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：很有可能你在这些方面永远不会完美，所以浪费精力是没有意义的。A. compromise妥协；B. excuse借口；C. mistake错误；D. sense意义。根据上文“Chances are that you will never be perfect in those areas”可知，有些方面你可能永远不会完美，由此可知，在这方面浪费精力是没有意义的，make no sense意为“毫无意义”，故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然，会有困难的时候，但如果你相信自己，对自己想要去的地方（达到的高度）有一个愿景，并发展你的优势——它们会让你与众不同，你会走得很远。 A. practice练习；B. proof证明；C. review复习；D. vision视力、愿景。根据空后的“where you want to go and develop your strengths”可知，下文指的是自己对于自己未来发展的愿景have a vision of意为“对……的愿景”。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，会有困难的时候，但如果你相信自己，对自己想要去的地方（达到的高度）有一个愿景，并发展你的优势——它们会让你与众不同，你会走得很远。 A. keep维持；B. take取走；C. set设立；D. tell讲述。根据下文“you will go far”可知，对未来的愿景会让你与众不同，set…apart意为“使与众不同”。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我在职业生涯中面临的最大挑战是，作为一名女性，在一个男性主导的行业中工作。A. narrow-minded心胸狭窄的；B. male-dominated男性主宰的；C. old-fashioned过时的；D. female-centred以女性为中心的。跟下文“When I started working, I was the only female engineer in my division.”可知，这个行业是由男性主导的。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我和我的同事一样有能力，但要让他们平等对待我却很难。A. stubborn顽固的；B. humorous幽默的；C. competent能干的；D. realistic现实的。根据下文“Instead of feeling upset, I chose to focus on my strengths as a woman engineer to earn their respect. ___12___, they accepted me.”可知，作者没有感到沮丧，反而继续专注自己的优点，从而获得同事的尊重。由此可知，作者虽然有能力，却因为这个行业是男性主导而不被平等对待。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我和我的同事一样有能力，但要让他们平等对待我却很难。A. equal相等物；B. opponent对手；C. contemporary同龄人；D. suspect嫌疑犯。根据下文“Instead of feeling upset, I chose to focus on my strengths as a woman engineer to earn their respect. ___12___, they accepted me.”可知，作者没有感到沮丧，反而继续专注自己的优点，从而获得同事的尊重。由此可知，最初同事是不能平等对待作者的。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，他们接受了我。A. Occasionally偶尔地；B. Originally起初；C. Initially最初；D. Eventually最终。根据空后“they accepted me.”可知，通过作者的努力，最终同事接受了自己。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：值得庆幸的是，自从我开始工作以来，性别平衡已经有所改善。A. characteristic特点；B. role角色；C. balance平衡；D. preference偏爱。根据下文“Now, I have several female engineers working in my team.”可知，现在作者的团队里已经不止一个女性了，也就是说性别平衡已经有所改善。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为主管，根据人们的能力分配他们的角色和项目，并看到他们取得了巨大的成果，这让我感到兴奋。A. placing放置；B. motivating激励；C. concerning涉及；D. updating更新。根据下文“in roles and on projects according to their abilities”可知，是根据人们的能力将人们分配不同的角色和项目，空格处意为“放置”。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过关注一个人的优势来帮助她发展，这给了我巨大的满足感。A. explore探索；B. develop发展；C. compete竞争；D. qualify取得资格。根据上文“As the head, I get a thrill from___14___people in roles and on projects according to their abilities and seeing them achieve great results.”可知，作者看到了别人的优点而给他们分配了适合的角色和项目，并看到他们取得了巨大的成就。由此可知，作者是通过关注一个人的优势而帮助这个人发展。故选B。
Ⅱ卷
第二节：单词拼写：
36. Who is to ____________ (责备) for the air pollution nowadays (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】blame
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：现在的空气污染该怪谁？“责备”是blame，sb. be to blame for sth.是固定短语，意为“某人应为某事受责备”，因此空格处用动词原形，故填blame。
37. AI is already being used with great success as one of personal ____________ (助手) in our smartphones. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】assistants
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：人工智能作为智能手机的个人助理之一，已经获得了巨大的成功。“助手”是assistant，one of后跟名词的复数，因此空格处填复数，故填assistants。
38. He made a vivid ____________ (陈述) about how to learn English, leaving a deep impression on us. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】statement
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他生动地阐述了如何学习英语，给我们留下了深刻的印象。根据中文提示和句意可知，表示“陈述”应用statement，为可数名词，这里应用单数形式，在本句中作宾语。故填statement。
39. That the teacher has been encouraging him ____________ (增强) his confidence in the future. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】will strengthen
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：老师一直在鼓励他，这会增强他对未来的信心。“增强”是strengthen，That引导的是主语从句，空格处是谓语部分，主语从句的时态是现在完成进行时，主句排除过去时态的可能，结合in the future，可知句子时态用一般将来时，空格处用一般将来时，故填will strengthen。
40. We can’t live up to our teachers’ ____________ (期望) because they devote all their energies to our growth(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】expectation
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们不能辜负老师的期望，因为他们把所有的精力都花在了我们的成长上。根据中文提示和句意可知，表示“期望”应用expectation，为不可数名词，在本句中作宾语。故填expectation。
第二节(共10小题;每小题15分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
We have learned a lot of outstanding scientists. Yuan Longping, known as the “father of hybrid rice”, was one of China’s most famous scientists. In his life, ____41____ concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat. Farmers needed to boost yields in the fields they had. How this could be done was a challenging question at the time. Yuan ____42____ (convince) that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice. However, ____43____ it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate. Today, ____44____ is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops ____45____ (generate) from Yuan’s hybrid strains.
When ____46____ outbreak of cholera hit Europe, John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs. The truth was ____47____ the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste. Besides, Qian Xuesen and Stephen Hawking both had a great impact ____48____ the development of science. One cannot deny the fact ____49____ these great scientist make contributions to the world. We all think it important that we can learn ____50____ (science) spirit.
【答案】41. what
42 was convinced
43. whether 44. it
45. generated 46. an
47. that 48. on
49. that 50. scientific
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是袁隆平和John Snow的主要成就。
【41题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：在他的生活中，他最关心的是农民经常歉收，有时甚至严重缺乏食物。空格处引导的是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，此处表示“他最关心的是农民经常歉收”，因此空格处用what引导主语从句，故填what。
【42题详解】
考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。句意：袁相信，可以在杂交水稻的创造中找到答案。由语境可知，句子表示“袁相信，可以在杂交水稻的创造中找到答案”，“相信”是be convinced that...，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，主语Yuan是单数，因此空格处是was convinced。故填was convinced。
【43题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：然而，是否有可能开发出像水稻这样的自花授粉植物的杂交品种，这是一个充满争议的问题。空格处引导的是主语从句，由“was a matter of great debate”可知，句子表示“是否有可能开发出像水稻这样的自花授粉植物的杂交品种，这是一个充满争议的问题”，空格处意为“是否”，用whether引导主语从句，故填whether。
【44题详解】
考查代词。句意：今天，据估计，中国国内消费的大米中约有60%是由袁的杂交品种生产的作物。it is estimated that...是固定句型，意为“据估计……”，其中it是形式主语，that从句是主语从句，故填it。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：今天，据估计，中国国内消费的大米中约有60%是由袁的杂交品种生产的作物。that从句中谓语是is comprised of，空格处用非谓语动词，crops和generate之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，故填generated。
【46题详解】
考查冠词。句意：当霍乱在欧洲爆发时，约翰·斯诺宣布水泵里的水携带了霍乱病菌。设空处修饰名词，表示泛指，并且名词outbreak以元音音素发音，故填an。
【47题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：事实是，宽街水泵里的水已经被废物污染了。空格处引导的是表语从句，从句中不缺成分，且句子意思完整，因此空格处用that引导表语从句，故填that。
【48题详解】
考查介词。句意：此外，钱学森和霍金都对科学的发展产生了很大的影响。have a great impact on是固定短语，意为“对……有很大影响”，因此空格处是介词on，故填on。
【49题详解】
考查同位语从句。句意：人们不能否认这些伟大的科学家对世界做出了贡献。空格处引导的是同位语从句，从句中不缺成分，且句子意思完整，因此空格处用that引导同位语从句，故填that。
【50题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我们都认为学习科学精神是很重要的。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词spirit，science的形容词是scientific，意为“科学的”，故填scientific。
第四部分：写作(共两节，满40分)
第一节：(15分)
51. 假定你是李华，你的London笔友Jackson最近在考虑是想要出国留学他来信征求你的意见，请你就此用英语给他写一封电子邮件，阐述你的观点，并给出理由（不少于三个）。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Jackson,
I’m more than delighted to share my opinion, which I hope will be of some help to you.
Frankly, I hold the view that it makes good sense to study abroad. The reasons are as follows. To begin with, exposure to a foreign language setting while we are studying abroad makes learning process engaging and effective. Moreover, bathed in a different culture of a foreign country, we can gain great insights into the world because cross-cultural experiences can give us a global perspective. Studying abroad takes us out of our comfort zone and changes us for the better, which is the most important from my perspective.
All things considered, I hope you can choose to study abroad and start a new life.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给London笔友Jackson写封电子邮件，告诉他你对于出国留学的观点。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→pleased
另外：moreover→furthermore
首先：to begin with→first of all
在我看来：from my perspective→as far as I am concerned
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Moreover, bathed in a different culture of a foreign country, we can gain great insights into the world because cross-cultural experiences can give us a global perspective.
拓展句：Moreover, when we are bathed in a different culture of a foreign country, we can gain great insights into the world because cross-cultural experiences can give us a global perspective.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m more than delighted to share my opinion, which I hope will be of some help to you. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Studying abroad takes us out of our comfort zone and changes us for the better, which is the most important from my perspective. (运用了动名词短语作主语及which引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节：(25分)
52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Last March, Margarito drove to visit his mother who lived in the countryside. When he set off for home, Margarito’s mother looked at the dark sky and noticed the sign of a coming storm. Worried about her son’s safety, she told him to drive as carefully as possible on his way home and he promised to give her a call upon his arrival.
With his mother’s words in mind, Margarito approached the main road carefully. Soon, it started to rain heavily. Eager to get home, Margarito began to drive faster. Two hours later, he came to a bumpy mountain road that had been flooded by a creek (小溪). Margarito, driving a four-wheel drive truck, figured that he would be OK. At that moment, he didn’t realize that such a thought would be a big mistake.
It was halfway across the creek that an unfortunate incident took place: The rushing waters grabbed hold of his vehicle, pushing it off the road and sending it down a rocky creek bed. The truck finally stopped some 80 feet away. Margarito’s problems only grew from there as the water had somehow positioned the truck into the creek bank at a 45-degree angle, making it difficult for him to open the driver’s side door. Injured and trapped inside with the muddy water rising quickly, Margarito was certain he was going to die. Shaking with fear, he was at a loss about what to do.
On the road right behind Margarito were a delivery worker named Steve and his nephew Mike, who were on the way to deliver furniture to customers in the countryside. They witnessed the horrible incident, and when Margarito’s truck came to rest in the middle of the overflowing creek, Steve quickly began to take action. First, he grabbed a rope from the back of his vehicle and used it to ensure he could safely approach the truck.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Next, he turned to Mike and yelled, “Give me a rock!”
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Margarito was about to thank Steve and Mike when the mobile phone in his jacket pocket rang.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Next, he turned to Mike and yelled, “Give me a rock!” With the rock, he hit the window over and over but had little success. Steve then shouted to Margarito to move away from the window. He balanced himself on the truck, leaned back and threw the rock at the window. Finally, the glass broke and Steve kicked in the remaining pieces of glass. Relieved, Margarito reached out for Steve’s hand and was rescued. The two men escaped and returned to safety.
Margarito was about to thank Steve and Mike when the mobile phone in his jacket pocket rang. With trembling hands, Margarito took out the phone and pressed it to his ear. His mother’s anxious voice came over the phone, “Are you home yet Everything’s good ” Tears welled up in his eyes at the familiar sound of concern. Margarito choked up as he explained the accident to his mom and comforted her. Hanging up the phone, he turned to Steve and Mike and sincerely thanked both of them. Cold as the rain was, great warmth filled his heart like never before.
【解析】
【导语】本文以玛格丽托开车去看望住在乡下的母亲为线索展开，讲述了去年3月，玛格丽托去看望住在乡下的母亲，返程途中遭遇到了暴风雨，他的车被卡在山路上的一条小溪中间，他受伤了并被困在里面，这时，送货员史蒂夫和他的侄子迈克目睹了这可怕的一幕，他们把玛格丽托从车里救了出来。玛格丽托对两位营救他的恩人非常感激。
详解】1.段落续写
①由第一段首句内容“接着，他转向迈克喊道：“给我一块石头！”。”可知，第一段可描写送货员史蒂夫看到玛格丽托被困在车里，立刻想到了必须马上用石头砸破车窗户，把玛格丽托营救出来，详细叙述他营救玛格丽托的过程。
②由第二段首句内容“玛格丽托正要感谢史蒂夫和迈克，这时他夹克口袋里的手机响了。”可知，第二段可描写玛格丽托被救后接到了他母亲的电话，电话中他向母亲讲述了刚才自己经历的惊险一幕，挂断电话后，玛格丽托向史蒂夫和迈克表达的真诚的感谢之情。
2.续写线索：史蒂夫砸车窗——玛格丽托获救——玛格丽托接到母亲电话——玛格丽托表达感谢
3.词汇激活
行为类
①喊叫：shout / yell out
②营救，得救：rescue /save
③解释：explain /interpret/illustrate
情绪类
①焦急的：anxious / worried
②真诚地：sincerely /honestly
【点睛】【高分句型1】
Margarito choked up as he explained the accident to his mom and comforted her.(运用了as引导的时间状语从句)
【高分句型2】
Cold as the rain was, great warmth filled his heart like never before. (运用了形容词+as +主语+系动词倒装句型)

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