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衡阳市八中2024届高三暑期检测
英语试题
时量150分钟 满分150分
第一部分：听力(共两节, 满分30分)
做题时, 先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后, 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1. 5 分, 满分 7. 5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后, 你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题, 每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the conversation probably take place
A. At a shoe shop. B. At a clothes shop. C. At a paint shop.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Can I help you, sir
M: Yes, do you have this shirt in size M In the same blue color please. It matches my shoes well.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man suggest the woman do
A. Make more friends. B. Try harder at work. C. Have a positive attitude.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Eventually, you’ll be old like me, Helen. Now, you have less responsibility, so enjoy it.
W: That’s true, Grandpa. I’m just stressed about my grades and school friends.
M: All students do. Just try to enjoy your work and don’t worry.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the man do next
A. Organize a trip to France.
B. Send a letter to the school.
C. Prepare a teaching course in traveling.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Is your school organizing a year-end trip like last year
W: Unfortunately not. After the problems they had in France, they’ve decided not to do one this year.
M: That is a shame. Traveling is very educational. I’ll write to the headmaster and give advice.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What do the speakers think of Gary
A. He’s unqualified. B. He’s well-behaved. C. He’s faithful.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: How on earth is Gary still working for this company He is late for everything — his meetings, his reports and he’s coming back later from his lunch breaks than others.
W: I know. I agree. But we’d better give him a chance to correct his mistakes.
5. 此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How much does the cake cost
A. $2. 00. B. $3. 50. C. $5. 50.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: I’ll take a large iced coffee, please.
W: It’s $2.00.
M: Oh, I’d also like one blueberry cake.
W: Sure. Your total is $5.50. I’ll have your coffee ready in a minute.
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1. 5 分, 满分 22. 5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟;听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间, 每段对话或独白读两遍.
听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小 题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Who is Helen probably
A. The girl’s friend. B. The man’s daughter. C. The man’s wife.
7. What will the girl do at 5:00 p. m.
A. Have a meal with the man. B. Buy some snacks. C. Do sports.
【答案】6. A 7. C
【解析】
【原文】M: What are you going to do this afternoon Would you like to shop with me
W: Well, I’m going to practice baseball with my friend later.
M: What time is your baseball practice this evening
W: Helen asked me to practice at her house at 5:00 p.m.
M: That’s fine. I can drop you off there after we finish shopping. You might be a bit early. Can you ask Helen if that’s okay
W: Sure. Shall I call her
M: Of course.
W: But my phone is in the car. I’ll call her later.
听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小 题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. Why does the woman want to park the car in another place
A. The parking space is small.
B. There are larger spaces available.
C. She parks in a spot for the disabled.
9. Where will the woman and Jenny go first
A. The drugstore. B. The hair salon. C. The shoe store.
10. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Mother and son. B. Husband and wife. C. Garage attendant and car owner.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Mike, can you get out first and tell me if I’ve parked between the lines I might have to back up and try again.
M: OK. Well, the right tire (轮胎) is right on the line, but the spot next to you is a parking space that is meant for someone in a wheelchair.
W: This spot is too small for our car, anyway. Come on. We’ll park somewhere else.
M: Are you sure you want to take the chance, Lisa It’s a holiday weekend, and I doubt whether there are better spaces available.
W: Fine. I’ll be careful when I’m opening the door.
M: So, you take Jenny to get some sports shoes first, and I’ll take Roger in for his haircut. I’ll be able to pick up your medicine at the drugstore while he’s in there.
W: Oh, thanks. We can meet up at the food court for lunch in…say an hour
M: Perfect.
听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小 题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. What is the weather like at the moment
A. Foggy. B. Rainy. C. Clear.
12. Where is the woman going
A. The sea. B. The forest. C. The mountains.
13. What does the man ask the woman to do
A. Book a hotel for him. B. Bring him a coffee. C. Contact him.
【答案】11. A 12. C 13. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Are you sure it’s safe to drive in this fog You might lose all sense of direction when you drive through the forest.
W: It should be okay. It’s just coming in from the sea. Once I’m on the road, it should clear.
M: How long do you think you’ll be driving
W: Well, it’s a six-hour trip, but I’ll stop for lunch and a coffee to keep me awake.
M: And when will you come back
W: Probably on Sunday, or maybe on Monday. It depends on whether I get the photos I need. And if it rains, I might need an extra day. It’s dangerous to climb mountains after raining.
M: Okay. Are you sure you don’t need my help
W: No, I’ll be fine on my own.
M: Call me once you get to your hotel.
W: I will. It’s up in the mountains so the signal might not be great. But I’ll try my best.
M: They’ll have Internet access. If you can’t call, just send me an email.
W: Will do.
M: Okay, take care.
W: Bye.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小 题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. What are the speakers talking about
A. Shopping for Christmas. B. Performing on Christmas. C. Selecting Christmas lights.
15. Why will the event get press attention
A. The lead actors are well known.
B. The market is in a famous location.
C. The new actors have good images.
16. How does the woman feel about the opportunity
A. Excited. B. Uninterested. C. Worried.
17. What must be perfect on the day according to the woman
A. The ticket sales. B. The sound quality. C. The costumes.
【答案】14. B 15. A 16. A 17. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Great news! The organizers of The Christmas Market have given us the green light to perform some songs at the market in December.
W: Brilliant! That will really help to raise our theater’s company image.
M: I know. The Christmas Market is really busy. Hundreds of people shopping there will hear our company singing.
W: And it will help boost the new members’ confidence.
M: Even better... The lead actors are happy to sing at The Christmas Market too! They’re both famous enough to attract many journalists, and hopefully that will mean increased ticket sales!
W: Okay, it’s very exciting, so we need to make sure that everything is prepared. We’ll need a tight practice schedule between now and December. If we’re going to go public with some of our material, it’s got to look really good!
M: Absolutely. And we need to make the costume department work hard so all the actors will look convincing.
W: Right. I’m going to call a meeting with the sound and lighting engineers to check out the location. It’s important that the visuals and the sound quality are perfect on that day!
听下面一段独白,回答以下小 题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. Who is the speaker talking to
A. People who have read her books.
B. People who are looking for jobs.
C. People who want to write their own books.
19. What does the speaker compare writing a book to
A. Completing a work assignment.
B. Writing a university essay.
C. Reading a magazine article.
20. How does the speaker get most of her ideas
A. By reading papers. B. By speaking to people. C. By spending time online.
【答案】18. C 19. A 20. C
【解析】
【原文】Many people ask me where my inspiration comes from, or how I’ve managed to write a book every year for the last 20 years. Since you all wish to be writers, I will share these so-called secrets, but I’ll answer the second one first. How do I write so many books It’s easy to answer. I see writing as a job. Many writers start writing because they love reading, not because they love writing. When you are working on a project, you have targets to hit along the way. So just imagine that your book is a project at work. You know roughly how many words long it will be. Let’s say 100,000 words. If you write 1000 a day, you will finish your book in just over three months. It is not difficult to write 1000 words. Most of you have written university papers four or five times that length. You can write more than 1000 words a day. As long as you write at least 1000 words a day, you will have a book written in no time. Well, back to the first question — where did I get my ideas The answer is everywhere. I read newspapers and magazines. I spend lots of time on social media and that’s where a lot of my ideas come from. Our world is full of stories, and when you find one that you feel strongly about, that’s what you should write about.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节, 满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2. 5 分, 满分 37. 5 分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
Endangered Species Youth Art Contest
2023 Contest Now Open!
Join us for our 6th annual Endangered Species Youth Art Contest! In celebration of Endangered Species Day (May 19, 2023), Roger Williams Park Zoo is accepting art entries from local K-12 grade students in the New England area showing threatened and endangered species. Together we hope to raise awareness about the importance of saving endangered species and their wild habitats.
Winners will be formally announced by May 2023.
Rules & Art Submission Instructions:
▲All entries are to be submitted electronically. Web form will be made available beginning February 1,2023.
▲Students’ artworks must be puter-produced images will NOTbe judged.
▲All artworks must be about threatened/endangered species.
▲Each art entry must also include a short explanation (3-5 sentences) as to why saving your chosen species from extinction is important.
Deadline: Entries must be received by Sunday, April 2,2023. Late entries will not be judged.
2023 Art Contest Prizes
GRAND PRIZE(Judges Choice)
▲One Family RWPZoo membership (a S149 value; or extra year added to current Zoo membership)
▲An adopt-an-animal package of your choice
▲One $100 gift card
GRADE CATEGORY WINNERS (Grades K-2, Grades 3-12)
Each grade-winner shall receive:
★Six General daytime admission tickets to RWPZoo
★One $25 gift card
HONORABLE MENTIONS (Grades K-2,Grades 3-12)
Each grade-honorable mention shall receive:
·Four General daytime admission tickets to RWPZoo
·An award certificate
All winning artworks will be highlighted on the Zoo’s website and social media pages, and in the Zoo’s summer WILD Magazine issue.
21. How can you submit your artwork
A. By sending it in an envelope.
B. By turning it in on the website.
C. By handing it to the zoo in person.
D. By having it delivered to the judges.
22. What should you explain in your entry
A. The habitats of threatened and endangered species.
B. The relationship between humans and endangered species.
C. The measures to protect endangered species.
D. The reason of protecting your targeted species.
23. What award will a grand prize winner get
A. A choice to adopt an animal.
B. A S25 worth of gift card to the zoo.
C. An exhibition of the artwork all year round.
D. Six tickets to RWPZoo for general daily time admission.
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一个关于濒危物种青年艺术大赛的情况，涉及比赛的规则，奖励和参赛作品等。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Rules & Art Submission Instructions部分中的“All entries are to be submitted electronically. Web form will be made available beginning February 1, 2023.(所有参赛作品均以电子方式提交。网络表格将于2023年2月1日开始提供。)”可知，参赛作品应该通过网络提交。故选B项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Rules & Art Submission Instructions部分中的“Each art entry must also include a short explanation (3-5 sentences) as to why saving your chosen species from extinction is important.(每个艺术作品还必须包括一个简短的解释（3-5）句话)，说明为什么拯救你选择的物种免于灭绝是重要的。)”可知，参赛作品中，要包含简单叙述为什么保护你选择的这个物种。故选D项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据GRAND PRIZE(Judges Choice)部分中的“An adopt-an-animal package of your choice(一个你自己选择的动物收养套餐)”可知，获奖者可以选择一个动物收养套餐。故选A项。
B
Mary O’Connor and her husband Bobby Hughes had been in Letterkenny for a couple of days, when they decided they would spend the afternoon at Rathmullan beach.
Bobby is a diabetic (糖尿病患 者) and needs to take insulin (胰 岛素) regularly. On that morning, he had checked his blood sugar levels, which were fine. He ate breakfast without any difficulty. However, an unlucky incident happened. Mary said, “Ten minutes after we were there he just completely went down. It was just scary and it was so sudden. I think the really severe heat was a key factor, but it reflected how quickly things could change. ”
A few moments later, two women from Derry noticed that and rapidly came over. One called Sara who also was a similar patient recognized straight away what was going on. She said, “I had a bottle of glucose gel (葡萄糖凝胶) that I kept for emergencies and I was rubbing it onto Bobby’s gums,” Mary said, “Some young lifeguards were able to call an ambulance and another lady called Emma, who was a nurse, stopped by to help us as well. Eventually we got him into the ambulance and I started to shake from the shock of it all. A nice man, Liam McAteer, whose mum owns the pub in Rathmullan, offered to drive me to the hospital and even took me back again to get my car.” Mary said that the staff at the Letterkenny hospital were so brilliant in treating Bobby that he was able to be discharged later that day at 6: 30 pm.
She said that while there was much more drama in their holiday than she thought there would be, she was very touched by the kind strangers. Mary continued, “It is wonderful to know there are good people and we are both so grateful for all help that they gave us.”
24. What did Mary and Bobby go to Letterkenny for
A. To visit Rathmullan beach. B. To go on holiday.
C. To go to hospital. D. To go on business.
25. Why did Bobby go down fainted suddenly by the beach
A. Checked his blood sugar levels. B. Not taking medicine irregularly.
C. The severe heat of that day. D. Being on the beach too long.
26. What can we learn from the scene of the first aid
A. Emma recognized straight away what was going on.
B. Sara was a diabetic (糖尿病患者).
C Liam McAteer was an owner of a pub in Rathmullan.
D. The staff at the Letterkenny hospital were brilliant in treating Bobby.
27. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A. An Awkward Holiday B. A Medical Incident
C. The Powerful Aid D. The Unusual Couple
【答案】24. B 25. C 26. B 27. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了Bobby是一名糖尿病患者，在海滩度假时，因为高温导致昏厥，这时路过的人们对Bobby进行了急救，在众人的帮助下，Bobby成功脱险。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Mary O’Connor and her husband Bobby Hughes had been in Letterkenny for a couple of days, when they decided they would spend the afternoon at Rathmullan beach.”（Mary O’Connor和她的丈夫Bobby Hughes在莱特肯尼待了几天，他们决定在Rathmullan海滩度过下午时光）可知，Mary和Bobby去莱特肯尼去度假。故选B项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Mary said, “Ten minutes after we were there he just completely went down. It was just scary and it was so sudden. I think the really severe heat was a key factor, but it reflected how quickly things could change. ””（玛丽说：“我们到达那里十分钟后，他就完全倒下了。这太可怕了，太突然了。我认为非常严重的高温是一个关键因素，但这反映了情况变化的速度有多快）可知，鲍比突然晕倒在海滩上是因为那天天气很热。故选C项。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“One called Sara who also was a similar patient recognized straight away what was going on.”（其中一个叫莎拉的人也是一个类似的病人，他马上就意识到发生了什么）可知，Sara是糖尿病患者。故选B项。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。短文叙述了Bobby是一名糖尿病患者，在海滩度假时，因为高温导致昏厥，这时路过的人们对Bobby进行了急救，在众人的帮助下，Bobby成功脱险。结合最后一段“She said that while there was much more drama in their holiday than she thought there would be, she was very touched by the kind strangers. Mary continued,“It is wonderful to know there are good people and we are both so grateful for all help that they gave us.”(她说，虽然他们的假期比她想象的要戏剧化得多，但她还是被这些善良的陌生人感动了。玛丽接着说:“知道有好人真是太好了，我们都很感激他们给我们的所有帮助。”)”可知，短文的标题为“强大的援助”。故选C项。
C
“I like pigs,” Winston Churchill supposedly once said. “Dogs look up at us, cats look down on us, but pigs treat us as equals.” Whether Churchill’s contemporary George Orwell also liked pigs is less clear. But he, too, surely saw something in them that was lacking in other domestic beasts, for it was they who ended up running the show in novel Animal Farm. Pigs, then, are intelligent social creatures.
And, like all animals, they sometimes fight. A study just published in Animal Cognition by Ivan Norscia, a biological anthropologist at the University of Turin, in Italy, and his colleagues, looked at how a group of 104 domestic pigs went about resolving such incidents. In total, Dr. Norscia and his team studied the details of 216 pig conflicts over the course of six months.
Some pigs tend to be attackers; others tend to be victims. Who is what depends largely on weight, for, among pigs pounds mean power. The attacker might bite, kick, bump or lift the victim (or string together a sequence of those actions). Most conflicts ended in seconds, but some lasted a minute or two.
In most animal species that would be that. However, many of the pig conflicts Dr. Norscia observed had interested parties beyond the protagonists (主角). He therefore wanted to understand the role of these bystanders in resolving fights —and what this says about pigs’ cognitive (认知) abilities.
Since there was usually not enough time for a bystander pig to intervene during the heat of a conflict (though this did occur), he and his colleagues looked at what happened in the three minutes directly following an aggressive interaction. Sometimes, they found, the protagonists made up on their own —for instance, by touching noses.
On other occasions, though, a third pig stepped in. Sometimes this bystander acted as a peacemaker, engaging with the attacker and reducing the number of subsequent attacks compared with what might otherwise have been expected. Sometimes, by contrast, the bystander engaged with the victim. This appeared to calm the victim down, for it reduced anxiety-related behavior such as shaking and scratching.
28. Why does the author mention Winston Churchill in the first paragraph
A. To prove pigs are clever. B. To show pigs are inspirational.
C. To state Churchill loves pigs. D. To introduce the topic of the text.
29. What probably decides on the pigs’ roles in pig conflict
A. Their ages. B. Their weight.
C. Their safety needs. D. Their cognitive abilities.
30. Why did Ivan Norscia and his colleagues conduct the study
A. To comprehend the role of bystanders in conflict resolution.
B. To figure out the relationship between pigs.
C. To record the details of 216 pig conflicts.
D. To find out the reason for pigs’ conflicts.
31. How will the bystander interact with the victim after a fight
A. By shaking it. B. By touching its nose.
C. By scratching its back. D. By offering comfort to it.
【答案】28. D 29. B 30. A 31. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了猪打架后如何和解，这证实了猪是非常聪明的。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段““I like pigs,” Winston Churchill supposedly once said. “Dogs look up at us, cats look down on us, but pigs treat us as equals.” Whether Churchill’s contemporary George Orwell also liked pigs is less clear. But he, too, surely saw something in them that was lacking in other domestic beasts, for it was they who ended up running the show in novel Animal Farm. Pigs, then, are intelligent social creatures. ”（据说温斯顿 丘吉尔曾说过：“我喜欢猪。”“狗仰视我们，猫俯视我们，但猪对我们一视同仁。”与丘吉尔同时代的乔治·奥威尔(George Orwell)是否也喜欢猪就不那么清楚了。但他也肯定在它们身上看到了其他家养动物所缺乏的东西，因为在小说《动物庄园》中，最终是它们在表演。因此，猪是一种聪明的群居动物。）可推知，作者在第一段提到温斯顿 丘吉尔是为了引出本文要探讨的话题。故选D项。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Who is what depends largely on weight, for, among pigs pounds mean power.”（谁是什么主要取决于体重，因为对猪来说，体重意味着力量。）可知，它们体重决定了猪在猪冲突中的角色。故选B项。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“He therefore wanted to understand the role of these bystanders in resolving fights —and what this says about pigs’ cognitive abilities.”（因此，他想了解这些旁观者在解决争斗中的作用，以及这对猪的认知能力有何影响。）可知，Ivan Norscia和他的同事进行这项研究是因为想理解旁观者在解决冲突中的作用。故选A项。
【31题详解】
推理判断有。根据最后一段“On other occasions, though, a third pig stepped in. Sometimes this bystander acted as a peacemaker, engaging with the attacker and reducing the number of subsequent attacks compared with what might otherwise have been expected. Sometimes, by contrast, the bystander engaged with the victim. This appeared to calm the victim down, for it reduced anxiety-related behavior such as shaking and scratching.”（然而，在其他场合，第三只猪介入了。有时，这个旁观者扮演和事佬的角色，与攻击者接触，减少随后的攻击次数，否则可能会发生。相比之下，有时旁观者会与受害者互动。这似乎使受害者平静下来，因为它减少了与焦虑相关的行为，如摇晃和抓挠。）可推知，在一场打斗之后，旁观者通过安慰来与受害者互动。故选D项。
D
Every language and culture has curse words (脏话). What gives a curse word its power is partly its meaning and partly its sound. “In English, for example, curse words tend to contain a high percentage of plosive (爆破音) sounds, including P, T and K, ” said Ryan McKay, a psychologist at University of London.
Dr. McKay teamed up with his colleague Shiri Lev-Ari to learn whether this familiar pattern went beyond English. They wondered whether it might even represent what’s called sound symbolism. Sound symbolism is when a word sounds like what it means.
The researchers first asked fluent speakers of Hebrew, Hindi, Hungarian, Korean and Russian to list the most vulgar (粗俗的) words they could think of. Once they’d made a list of each language’s most frequently used curse words, the researchers compared these with neutral words from the same language. In these languages, they didn’t find the plosive sounds that seem common in English curse words. “Instead, we found that the vulgar words were defined by what they lacked: the approximant (近似音) sounds that include letters I, L, R, W and Y,” Dr. Lev-Ari said.
Next, the scientists invited 215 native speakers of six languages: Arabic, Chinese, Finnish, French, German and Spanish. The participants listened to pairs of words in a language they didn’t speak, and guessed which word in each pair was offensive. In reality, all the words were invented. For example, the researchers started with the Albanian word “zog,” for “bird,” and created the pair of fake words “yog” and “tsog.” Participants were more likely to guess that words without approximants, such as “tsog,” were curses.
Finally, the researchers combed through the dictionary for English curse words and their cleaned-up versions. Once again, the clean versions included more of the sounds I, L, R, W and Y.
A 20th-century linguistic principle claimed that the sounds of words were arbitrary: Any word could have any meaning. With curse words, though, as in other cases of sound symbolism, “the sounds themselves seem to carry meaning,” said Lev-Ari. “That’s a new thing,” said linguist Benjamin Bergen. “Curse words across languages, unrelated to each other, may pattern similarly.” He also pointed out, to make sure the pattern of approximants missing from curses isn’t an accident, it would be nice to find it in an even larger sample of languages.
32. What is the purpose of McKay and Lev-Ari’s research
A. To analyze a phenomenon. B. To explain a definition.
C. To confirm an assumption. D. To challenge a theory.
33. What were the participants asked to do in the second part of the research
A. To tell the rude word according to its sound.
B. To make up new curse words from real words.
C. To decide which curse words are used more frequently.
D. To identify the approximants in curse words.
34. According to Lev-Ari, which of the four is likely to sound offensive
A. Tusck B. Sola C. Darn D. Biach
35. What can we learn from the last paragraph
A. The old linguistic principle of sounds and meanings is wrong.
B. In sound symbolism, a word’s sound represents its meaning.
C. The research reveals the similarities between different languages.
D. The result of the research is not fully accepted by scientists.
【答案】32. C 33. A 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍研究发现粗俗词汇中往往缺少一些特定的发音，说明就骂人的话而言，声音本身也有意义，这就是声音象征主义。但是研究结果还需要进一步的证实。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“ “In English, for example, curse words tend to contain a high percentage of plosive (爆破音) sounds, including P, T and K, ” said Ryan McKay, a psychologist at University of London.”（伦敦大学的心理学家莱恩·麦凯说：“例如，在英语中，脏话往往含有很高比例的爆破音，包括P、T和K。”）以及第二段中“Dr. McKay teamed up with his colleague Shiri Lev-Ari to learn whether this familiar pattern went beyond English. They wondered whether it might even represent what’s called sound symbolism.”（麦凯博士与他的同事Shiri Lev-Ari合作，研究这种熟悉的模式是否也存在于英语以外的其它语言中。他们想知道它是否代表了所谓的声音象征主义。）可推知，McKay和Lev-Ari研究的目的是想证实一种假设：英语脏话中含有很高比例的爆破音这一现象也存在于其它语言，即存在声音象征主义。故选C项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Next, the scientists invited 215 native speakers of six languages: Arabic, Chinese, Finnish, French, German and Spanish. The participants listened to pairs of words in a language they didn’t speak, and guessed which word in each pair was offensive.”（接下来，科学家们邀请了215名以阿拉伯语、汉语、芬兰语、法语、德语和西班牙语为母语的人。参与者听了几组他们不会说的语言的单词，并猜测每组单词中哪个是冒犯性的。）可知，在第二部分研究中，参与者被要求根据发音来判断粗鲁的词。故选A项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中““Instead, we found that the vulgar words were defined by what they lacked: the approximant (近似音) sounds that include letters I, L, R, W and Y,” Dr. Lev-Ari said.”（“相反，我们发现粗俗词汇是由它们所缺乏的东西来定义的：包括字母I、L、R、W和Y在内的近似音。”Lev-Ari博士说。）可知，粗俗词汇中不包括字母I、L、R、W和Y在内的近似音，结合选项单词，只有tusck没有这五个字母以及其字母在内近似的发音，不是粗俗词汇。故选A项。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“ “That’s a new thing,” said linguist Benjamin Bergen. “Curse words across languages, unrelated to each other, may pattern similarly.” He also pointed out, to make sure the pattern of approximants missing from curses isn’t an accident, it would be nice to find it in an even larger sample of languages.”（语言学家本杰明·伯根说：“这是个新现象。不同语言之间不相关的脏话，模式可能相似。”他还指出，为了确保在脏话中缺失的近似模式不是偶然的，如果能在更大的语言样本中找到它就太好了。）可推知，语言科学家认为研究的样本还不够，不足以得出确凿的结论，科学家们还没有完全接受这项研究的结果。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Choose Your Purpose-Filled Career
When you think about choosing a career, you often do it in the following two ways.
Think about what you like to do. If you like writing or doing crafts, you might consider these things. This is not a bad way to go, of course, but you can’t always make money doing things you like (like video games or drinking beer). ____36____
Think about a well-paid job that you can do and doesn’t sound so bad. ____37____ Or maybe that’s out of your educational reach, so you choose office or retail worker. These are all great choices. But often they are not something you’re really passionate about. It’s kind of like just doing something because it’s there——not very inspired.
____38____ Try to do something to serve a community or make the world better. For example, taking care of children, because you really want to help children get a great start in life, or blossom into who they want to be or getting into government or social work to improve the conditions of the community you live in or becoming a scientist to help ease the environmental crisis or find a cure for a terrible disease. ____39____ And if you choose one of them for that purpose, you will serve in that work feeling a sense of purpose each day.
____40____ The point isn’t how you serve the world, but just serving the world in some way will help you feel filled with purpose. If you choose a purposeful and enjoyable job, you’re always further along than most people.
A. There are endless ways to do that.
B. Maybe a doctor, engineer or lawyer
C. However, there’s another way that is perhaps better.
D. You are dreaming of a well-paid job which you like best.
E. It’s essential not to concentrate on interests and good payment.
F. Each of these is just one of many possibilities filled with purpose.
G. And sometimes things you like are better as a hobby or side passion.
【答案】36. G 37. B 38. C 39. F 40. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍如何选择对你富有意义的职业。
【36题详解】
分析设空，设空位于段尾，是对前文的总结。根据前文“Think about what you like to do. If you like writing or doing crafts, you might consider these things. This is not a bad way to go, of course, but you can’t always make money doing things you like (like video games or drinking beer).(想想你喜欢做什么。如果你喜欢写作或做手工，你可以考虑这些事情。当然，这不是一种坏的方式，但你不可能总是通过做你喜欢的事情(比如电子游戏或喝啤酒)来赚钱)”可知，本段是在讲述可以把自己喜欢的事作为职业，但是不是所有喜欢的事情都可以，所以G项“And sometimes things you like are better as a hobby or side passion.(有时候把你喜欢的事情当成爱好或副业会更好)”是对前文的总结，符合本段主题。故选G项。
【37题详解】
根据前文“Think about a well-paid job that you can do and doesn’t sound so bad.(想一份你能做而且听起来不那么糟糕的高薪工作)”以及后文“Or maybe that’s out of your educational reach, so you choose office or retail worker.(或者，这可能超出了你的教育范围，所以你选择了办公室或零售工人)”可知，空处应是一个过渡句，从提出一个方法到具体的职业选择，再根据后文可知，空处的职业对教育要求高，所以B项“Maybe a doctor, engineer or lawyer (也许是医生、工程师或律师？)”符合文意。故选B项。
【38题详解】
分析设空，位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“Try to do something to serve a community or make the world better. For example, taking care of children, because you really want to help children get a great start in life, or blossom into who they want to be or getting into government or social work to improve the conditions of the community you live in or becoming a scientist to help ease the environmental crisis or find a cure for a terrible disease.(试着为社区服务或让世界变得更美好。例如，照顾孩子，因为你真的想帮助孩子们有一个美好的人生开端，或者成为他们想成为的人，或者进入政府或社会工作，改善你所居住的社区的条件，或者成为一名科学家，帮助缓解环境危机，或者找到治愈一种可怕疾病的方法)”可知，这里是在介绍另一种选择职业的方法，所以C项“However, there’s another way that is perhaps better.(然而，还有另一种可能更好的方法)”符合本段主题。故选C项。
【39题详解】
根据前文“For example, taking care of children, because you really want to help children get a great start in life, or blossom into who they want to be or getting into government or social work to improve the conditions of the community you live in or becoming a scientist to help ease the environmental crisis or find a cure for a terrible disease.(例如，照顾孩子，因为你真的想帮助孩子们有一个美好的人生开端，或者成为他们想成为的人，或者进入政府或社会工作，改善你所居住的社区的条件，或者成为一名科学家，帮助缓解环境危机，或者找到治愈一种可怕疾病的方法)”以及后文“And if you choose one of them for that purpose, you will serve in that work feeling a sense of purpose each day.(如果你选择其中的一个作为你的目标，你每天都会有一种使命感)”可知，空处应是一个过渡句，从介绍职业，到这么做的好处，所以F项“Each of these is just one of many possibilities filled with purpose.(这些都只是许多充满目的的可能性之一)”符合文意，起到过渡作用。故选F项。
【40题详解】
分析设空，位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“The point isn’t how you serve the world, but just serving the world in some way will help you feel filled with purpose. If you choose a purposeful and enjoyable job, you’re always further along than most people.(关键不在于你如何为世界服务，而在于以某种方式为世界服务会让你充满目标感。如果你选择了一份目标明确、令人愉快的工作，你总是比大多数人走得更远)”可知，本段是文章的最后一段，应该做出总结，所以A项“There are endless ways to do that.(有无数种方法可以做到这一点)”符合文意，是总结性的语句，并且和后文构成逻辑关系。故选A项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节, 满分 30 分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In some parts of Central China’s Henan province, daughters will ___41___ wild goose-shaped cakes for their parents before the leap month (闰月) comes, wishing for auspiciousness. There is a ___42___ surrounding the tradition.
Long ago, there was a girl living at the southern foot of the Songshan Mountain in Henan, who was very ___43___. In a year which had a leap month, the married girl ___44___ of her parents, who never had enough food to eat and might suffer from hunger due to the ___45___ month. So, she collected some leftover millet (小米) and headed toward her parents’ home. On the mountainous road, she ___46___ fell down and when she woke up, the millet was already ___47___ up by birds. Seeing this and thinking of her parents, she cried loudly and slowly fell asleep again.
Then she heard some weak voice and woke up again, seeing a couple of wild geese were staying in her bag and not willing to leave, so she took them with her. When she arrived at her parents’ home, the village was ___48___ famine and plague, and her parents were on the verge of ___49___. She hurriedly boiled the wild geese and fed them to her parents, and her parents recovered soon. She then gave the leftover food to the neighbors and the ____50____ miraculously disappeared the next day.
After that, before each leap month, daughters began to visit their ____51____ and bring gifts. As wild goose is a ____52____ bird, people use dough to make wild goose-shaped cakes in ____53____ of the actual bird for their parents, wishing them healthy and hoping to banish any plagues.
In some parts of East China’s Shandong province, the married daughters will send dough-made fish and toad to their parents, which ____54____ “wealth” and “health” respectively. ____55____, it is said that the dough fish is for a mother and the dough toad is for a father.
41. A. bury B. send C. prepare D. decorate
42. A. book B. song C. title D. legend
43. A. beautiful B. filial C. brave D. smart
44. A. thought B. warned C. heard D. reminded
45. A. repetitive B. relevant C. representative D. respective
46. A. eventually B. accidentally C. hurriedly D. mysteriously
47. A. taken B. made C. eaten D. set
48. A. suffering from B. learning from C. taking from D. recovering from
49. A. delight B. death C. penalty D. performance
50. A. neighbors B. plague C. food D. village
51. A. friends B. relatives C. parents D. classmates
52. A. delicate B. abnormal C. outstanding D. rare
53 A. pursuit B. point C. place D. praise
54. A. symbolize B. suspect C. simplify D. state
55. A. However B. Therefore C. Otherwise D. Besides
【答案】41. C 42. D 43. B 44. A 45. A 46. B 47. C 48. A 49. B 50. B 51. C 52. D 53. C 54. A 55. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，介绍了闰月前，河南省的一些地区，出嫁的女儿们给父母送大雁蛋糕的由来。而在山东的一些地区，出嫁的女儿们会送父母面鱼和面蟾蜍，给父母带来“财富”和“健康”。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在中国中部河南省的一些地区，女儿们会在闰月到来之前为父母准备大雁形状的蛋糕，祈求吉祥。A. bury埋；B. send寄；C. prepare准备；D. decorate装饰。根据“for their parents before the leap month comes”可知，女儿们会在闰月前为父母准备大雁形状的蛋糕。故选C项。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：关于这个传统有一个传说。A. book书；B. song歌曲；C. title标题；D. legend传说。根据下文“Long ago”可知，对于第一段描述的习俗有一个传说。故选D项。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很久以前，在河南嵩山南麓住着一个非常孝顺的女孩。A. beautiful美丽的；B. filial孝顺的；C. brave勇敢的；D. smart聪明的。根据下文“So, she collected some leftover millet and headed toward her parents’ home.”可知，女孩非常孝顺，想到父母的处境，给父母送小米。故选B项。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在闰月的一年里，出嫁的女孩想到了她的父母，他们一直没有足够的食物吃，可能会因为重复的月份而挨饿。A. thought想起；B. warned警告；C. heard听到；D. reminded提醒。根据“who never had enough food to eat and might suffer from hunger”可知，女孩想到了自己的父母。故选A项。
【45题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. repetitive重复的；B. relevant相关的；C. representative有代表性的；D. respective各自的。根据“In a year which had a leap month”可知，在闰月里，也就是在重复的月份里。故选A项。
【46题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在山路上，她不小心跌倒了，当她醒来时，小米已经被鸟吃了。A. eventually最终；B. accidentally意外地、不小心地；C. hurriedly匆忙地；D. mysteriously神秘地。根据“when she woke up”可知，走山路时，女孩不小心跌倒了，昏了过去。故选B项。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. taken带；B. made制作；C. eaten吃；D. set设置。根据“by birds”可知，当她醒来时，小米被鸟儿吃掉了。故选C项。
【48题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当她回到父母家时，村子正遭受饥荒和瘟疫的折磨，她的父母也濒临死亡的边缘。A. suffering from遭受；B. learning from从……中学习；C. taking from从……中获取；D. recovering from从……中恢复。根据“the village was ___8___ famine and plague”可知，村子正遭受饥荒和瘟疫。故选A项。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. delight快乐；B. death死亡；C. penalty处罚、刑罚；D. performance表现。根据“on the verge”可知，女孩的父母在死亡的边缘。故选B项。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后她把剩下的食物分给邻居，第二天瘟疫奇迹般地消失了。A. neighbors邻居；B. plague瘟疫；C. food食物；D. village村庄。根据前文“famine and plague”及“miraculously disappeared”可知，第二天瘟疫奇迹地消失了。故选B项。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，在每个闰月之前，女儿们开始拜访父母并带着礼物。A. friends朋友；B. relatives亲戚；C. parents父母；D. classmates同班同学。根据上文“So, she collected some leftover millet and headed toward her parents’ home.”可知，由于这个女孩拜访父母，救了村子的人，村里的其余女儿们都过来看望父母。故选C项。
【52题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于大雁是一种稀有的鸟类，人们用生面团代替大雁为父母制作大雁形状的蛋糕，希望他们身体健康，驱除瘟疫。A. delicate柔和的、脆弱的；B. abnormal不正常的；C. outstanding杰出的；D. rare罕见的。根据“people use dough to make wild goose-shaped cakes”可知，由于真的大雁是稀有的，女孩们不得不用面团做大雁形状的蛋糕。故选D项。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. pursuit追求；B. point意义；C. place地方；D. praise表扬。根据“the actual bird”可知，女孩们用大雁蛋糕代替真正的大雁。in place of“代替”。故选C项。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在中国东部山东省的一些地区，出嫁的女儿会给父母送面鱼和面蟾蜍，这分别象征着“财富”和“健康”。A. symbolize象征；B. suspect怀疑；C. simplify简化；D. state陈述。根据“the married daughters will send dough-made fish and toad to their parents”及““wealth” and “health””可知，面鱼和面蟾蜍分别象征着“财富”和“健康”。故选A项。
【55题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，据说面鱼是给妈妈的，面蛤蟆是给爸爸的。A. However然而；B. Therefore因此；C. Otherwise否则；D. Besides此外。根据“it is said that the dough fish is for a mother and the dough toad is for a father.”可知，这是补充说明，空处缺少“此外”。故选D项。
第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1. 5 分, 满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
More than 1,500 years ago, ancient Chinese craftsmen____56____（invent）a new type of paper. It later became an essential item for traditional Chinese study and an icon of Chinese culture,____57____is called Xuan paper, or rice paper…In 2009, the traditional craft of making Xuan paper was included on UNESCO’S Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
Xuan paper was first made from the straw of rice and bark from a typical tree in ancient Xuan Region, now____58____（know）as Jingxian County in Anhui Province. The traditional process of making Xuan paper is____59____（extreme）demanding and involves more than 100 steps. The whole process can take as long as two years to complete,____60____the skills have been passed down for the next generation.
Such features as being white, soft and moth-proof（防虫的）enable Xuan paper____61____（last）for even more than 1,000 years. Amazingly, after such a long time, it can keep the____62____（fresh）of the ink end color on it, ____63____（result）in a name “Paper of Ages.”
Because of its lasting popularity____64____Chinese scholars and artists and also due to its remarkable longevity, so far the majority of existing ancient Chinese books, calligraphy and paintings_____65_____（preserve）on Xuan paper.
【答案】56. invented
57. which 58. known
59. extremely
60. and 61. to last
62 freshness
63. resulting
64. among##with
65. have been preserved
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是中国的传统工艺——宣纸的历史，制作过程以及影响等相关信息。
【56题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：1500多年前，中国古代工匠发明了一种新型纸。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语“More than 1,500 years ago”可知，此处应使用一般过去时态，与句子主语之间为主动关系。故填invented。
【57题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：后来，宣纸成为研究中国传统文化的必备物品，也是中国文化的象征。分析句子结构可知，此处为连词引导的非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词指的是it指代的“a new type of paper”，指物。故填which。
【58题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：宣纸最早是用古代宣区(今安徽省靖县)的稻秆和一种典型树木的树皮制成的。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语，know与Xuan Region之间为被动关系，所以使用过去分词形式。故填known。
【59题详解】
考查副词。句意：传统的宣纸制作工艺要求极高，工序超过100道。分析句子结构可知，此处为副词作状语修饰形容词demanding，extreme的副词为extremely。故填extremely。
【60题详解】
考查连词。句意：整个过程可能需要长达两年的时间才能完成，而且这些技能已经传递给了下一代。分析句子结构可知，此处为连词连接两个句子，结合句意可知，空前与空后为并列关系。故填and。
【61题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：诸如白色、柔软和防虫蛀等特征使宣纸可以保存1000多年。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定结构enable sb./sth. to do sth.意为“使……能……”，所以此处应为不定式结构，结合句意，此处表示主动意义。故填to last。
【62题详解】
考查名词。句意：令人惊讶的是，经过这么长的时间，它可以保持墨端颜色的新鲜度，因此被称为“时代纸”。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，fresh的名词为freshness且为不可数名词。故填freshness。
【63题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：令人惊讶的是，经过这么长的时间，它可以保持墨端颜色的新鲜度，因此被称为“时代纸”。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，result in与上文讲述的“after such a long time, it can keep the ____7____(fresh) of the ink end color on it”这件事，为主动关系，结合句意，此处为结果状语。故填resulting。
【64题详解】
考查介词。句意：由于它在中国学者和艺术家中经久不衰，也由于它非凡的寿命，迄今为止，现存的中国古代书籍、书法和绘画大多数都保存在宣纸上。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定短语be popular with/among意为“受……欢迎”符合句意。故填with/as。
【65题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：由于它在中国学者和艺术家中经久不衰，也由于它非凡的寿命，迄今为止，现存的中国古代书籍、书法和绘画大多数都保存在宣纸上。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语“so far”可知，此处应使用现在完成时态，preserve与句子主语“the majority of existing ancient Chinese books, calligraphy and paintings”之间为被动关系，且主语为复数。故填have been preserved。
第四部分 写作(共两节;满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分 15分)
66. 你受学生会委托为校网站交换生板块写一则英文通知，请大家关注一门线上选修课程Traditional Chinese Festivals，内容包括：
1.课程时间安排；
2.课程内容简介；
3.报名方式。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Notice
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Notice
An online optional course named Traditional Chinese Festivals is scheduled to take place every Saturday morning this term. Visit our school website and enjoy it.
Traditional Chinese festivals are an important part of Chinese culture. The course covers various topics of traditional Chinese festivals, ranging from their origins to distinct features. What’s more, the inner beauty of Chinese culture can be explored from it. Anyone who is interested in the course can sign up online before next Friday.
What a thrilling opportunity! Anticipating your joining us.
Students’ Union
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一则英文通知，请大家关注一门线上选修课程Traditional Chinese Festivals。
【详解】1.词汇积累
安排，预定：schedule → arrange/plan
学期：term → semester
重要的：important → significant/crucial
令人激动的：thrilling → exciting
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：An online optional course named Traditional Chinese Festivals is scheduled to take place every Saturday morning this term.
拓展句：An online optional course which is named Traditional Chinese Festivals is scheduled to take place every Saturday morning this term.
【点睛】[高分句型1] An online optional course named Traditional Chinese Festivals is scheduled to take place every Saturday morning this term. (运用了过去分词短语作定语)
[高分句型2] Anyone who is interested in the course can sign up online before next Friday. (运用了who引导限制性定语从句)
第二节读后续写(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
One spring morning many years ago, I had been searching for gold along Coho Creek on southeastern Alaska’s Kuprean of Island, and as I emerged from a forest of spruce(云杉) and hemlock tree, I froze in my tracks. No more than 20 paces in the bog(沼泽) was a huge Alaskan timber wolf - caught in one of Trapper George’s traps.
Old George had died the previous week of a heart attack, so the wolf was lucky. Confused and frightened at my approach, the wolf backed away. Then I noticed something else: It was a female, and her teats were full of milk. Somewhere there was a den of hungry pups (小狼) waiting for their mother.
From her appearance, I guessed that she had been trapped only a few days. That meant her pups were probably still alive. But I suspected that if I tried to release the wolf, she would turn aggressive and try to tear me to pieces.
So I decided to search for her pups instead and began to look for tracks that might lead me to her den. Fortunately, there were still a few remaining of snow. After several moments, I spotted pups’ marks on a trail.
The tracks led a half mile through the forest, then up a slope covered with many rocks. I finally spotted the den at the base of an enormous spruce, There wasn’t a sound inside. Wolf pups are shy and cautious, and I didn’t have much hope of inviting them outside, But I had to try. So I began imitating the high-pitched(声音很尖锐的) sound of a mother wolf calling her young. No response. A few moments later, after I tried another call, four tiny pups appeared. They couldn’t have been more than a few weeks old.
注意:
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1:
I extended my hands.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
With her young to protect, she was becoming aggressive.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】【参考范文】
I extended my hands. They tentatively sucked at my fingers. Perhaps hunger had helped overcome their natural fear. Then one by one, I placed them in a fur bag and headed back down the slope. When the mother wolf spotted me, she stood up right. Possibly picking up the smell of her young, she let out a high-pitched, plaintive whine. I released the pups, and they raced to her. Within seconds, they were sucking at her belly.
With her young to protect, she was becoming aggressive. What next I wondered. So tender were the pups that it was impossible for them to survive without mother’s protection. Hence, I had to release her. I fetched an iron bar. Using a rock as the supporting point I unlocked the chain. After gaining freedom, she howled at me with her head low showing gratitude. Watching the mother and her pups disappear in the forest, I let out a sigh of relief.
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述作者在多年前的一个春天的早上，在沿着Coho Creek 淘金的时候，遇到了一只被困在猎人陷阱里的还在哺乳期的母狼，于是循着踪迹找到幼崽并把幼崽送到被困的母狼身边的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我伸开双手。”可知，第一段可描写作者把小狼送回母狼身边的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“身边有了要保护的幼崽，它开始变得有攻击性。”可知，第二段可描写作者把小狼带到母狼身边之后的场景，作者犹豫是否要救它们出陷阱，以及最后的结果。
2.续写线索：唤出——放回——救出——感谢——感受
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.放进：place…in…/put…in…
②.注 意 到：take notice of/pay attention to
③.释 放：release/free/liberate
情绪类
①.感谢：show gratitude/be grateful
②.放 松：feel relaxed/feel at ease
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. Possibly picking up the smell of her young, she let out a high-pitched, plaintive whine.（现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2]. Watching the mother and her pups disappear in the forest, I let out a sigh of relief.（现在分词作状语）衡阳市八中2024届高三暑期检测
英语试题
时量150分钟 满分150分
第一部分：听力(共两节, 满分30分)
做题时, 先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后, 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1. 5 分, 满分 7. 5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后, 你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题, 每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the conversation probably take place
A. At a shoe shop. B. At a clothes shop. C. At a paint shop.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man suggest the woman do
A. Make more friends. B. Try harder at work. C. Have a positive attitude.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the man do next
A. Organize a trip to France.
B. Send a letter to the school.
C. Prepare a teaching course in traveling.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What do the speakers think of Gary
A. He’s unqualified. B. He’s well-behaved. C. He’s faithful.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How much does the cake cost
A. $2. 00. B. $3. 50. C. $5. 50.
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1. 5 分, 满分 22. 5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟;听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间, 每段对话或独白读两遍.
听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小 题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Who is Helen probably
A. The girl’s friend. B. The man’s daughter. C. The man’s wife.
7. What will the girl do at 5:00 p. m.
A. Have a meal with the man. B. Buy some snacks. C. Do sports.
听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小 题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. Why does the woman want to park the car in another place
A. The parking space is small.
B. There are larger spaces available.
C. She parks in a spot for the disabled.
9. Where will the woman and Jenny go first
A. The drugstore. B. The hair salon. C. The shoe store.
10. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Mother and son. B. Husband and wife. C. Garage attendant and car owner.
听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小 题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. What is the weather like at the moment
A. Foggy. B. Rainy. C. Clear.
12. Where is the woman going
A. The sea. B. The forest. C. The mountains.
13. What does the man ask the woman to do
A. Book a hotel for him. B. Bring him a coffee. C. Contact him.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小 题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. What are the speakers talking about
A. Shopping for Christmas. B. Performing on Christmas. C. Selecting Christmas lights.
15. Why will the event get press attention
A. The lead actors are well known.
B. The market is in a famous location.
C. The new actors have good images.
16. How does the woman feel about the opportunity
A. Excited. B. Uninterested. C. Worried.
17. What must be perfect on the day according to the woman
A. The ticket sales. B. The sound quality. C. The costumes.
听下面一段独白,回答以下小 题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. Who is the speaker talking to
A. People who have read her books.
B. People who are looking for jobs.
C. People who want to write their own books.
19. What does the speaker compare writing a book to
A. Completing a work assignment.
B Writing a university essay.
C. Reading a magazine article.
20. How does the speaker get most of her ideas
A. By reading papers. B. By speaking to people. C. By spending time online.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节, 满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2. 5 分, 满分 37. 5 分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
Endangered Species Youth Art Contest
2023 Contest Now Open!
Join us for our 6th annual Endangered Species Youth Art Contest! In celebration of Endangered Species Day (May 19, 2023), Roger Williams Park Zoo is accepting art entries from local K-12 grade students in the New England area showing threatened and endangered species. Together we hope to raise awareness about the importance of saving endangered species and their wild habitats.
Winners will be formally announced by May 2023.
Rules & Art Submission Instructions:
▲All entries are to be submitted electronically. Web form will be made available beginning February 1,2023.
▲Students’ artworks must be puter-produced images will NOTbe judged.
▲All artworks must be about threatened/endangered species.
▲Each art entry must also include a short explanation (3-5 sentences) as to why saving your chosen species from extinction is important.
Deadline: Entries must be received by Sunday, April 2,2023. Late entries will not be judged.
2023 Art Contest Prizes
GRAND PRIZE(Judges Choice)
▲One Family RWPZoo membership (a S149 value; or extra year added to current Zoo membership)
▲An adopt-an-animal package of your choice
▲One $100 gift card
GRADE CATEGORY WINNERS (Grades K-2, Grades 3-12)
Each grade-winner shall receive:
★Six General daytime admission tickets to RWPZoo
★One $25 gift card
HONORABLE MENTIONS (Grades K-2,Grades 3-12)
Each grade-honorable mention shall receive:
·Four General daytime admission tickets to RWPZoo
·An award certificate
All winning artworks will be highlighted on the Zoo’s website and social media pages, and in the Zoo’s summer WILD Magazine issue.
21. How can you submit your artwork
A. By sending it in an envelope.
B. By turning it in on the website.
C. By handing it to the zoo in person.
D. By having it delivered to the judges.
22. What should you explain in your entry
A The habitats of threatened and endangered species.
B. The relationship between humans and endangered species.
C. The measures to protect endangered species.
D. The reason of protecting your targeted species.
23. What award will a grand prize winner get
A. A choice to adopt an animal.
B. A S25 worth of gift card to the zoo.
C. An exhibition of the artwork all year round.
D. Six tickets to RWPZoo for general daily time admission.
B
Mary O’Connor and her husband Bobby Hughes had been in Letterkenny for a couple of days, when they decided they would spend the afternoon at Rathmullan beach.
Bobby is a diabetic (糖尿病患 者) and needs to take insulin (胰 岛素) regularly. On that morning, he had checked his blood sugar levels, which were fine. He ate breakfast without any difficulty. However, an unlucky incident happened. Mary said, “Ten minutes after we were there he just completely went down. It was just scary and it was so sudden. I think the really severe heat was a key factor, but it reflected how quickly things could change. ”
A few moments later, two women from Derry noticed that and rapidly came over. One called Sara who also was a similar patient recognized straight away what was going on. She said, “I had a bottle of glucose gel (葡萄糖凝胶) that I kept for emergencies and I was rubbing it onto Bobby’s gums,” Mary said, “Some young lifeguards were able to call an ambulance and another lady called Emma, who was a nurse, stopped by to help us as well. Eventually we got him into the ambulance and I started to shake from the shock of it all. A nice man, Liam McAteer, whose mum owns the pub in Rathmullan, offered to drive me to the hospital and even took me back again to get my car.” Mary said that the staff at the Letterkenny hospital were so brilliant in treating Bobby that he was able to be discharged later that day at 6: 30 pm.
She said that while there was much more drama in their holiday than she thought there would be, she was very touched by the kind strangers. Mary continued, “It is wonderful to know there are good people and we are both so grateful for all help that they gave us.”
24. What did Mary and Bobby go to Letterkenny for
A. To visit Rathmullan beach. B. To go on holiday.
C. To go to hospital. D. To go on business.
25. Why did Bobby go down fainted suddenly by the beach
A. Checked his blood sugar levels. B. Not taking medicine irregularly.
C. The severe heat of that day. D. Being on the beach too long.
26. What can we learn from the scene of the first aid
A. Emma recognized straight away what was going on.
B. Sara was a diabetic (糖尿病患者).
C. Liam McAteer was an owner of a pub in Rathmullan.
D. The staff at the Letterkenny hospital were brilliant in treating Bobby.
27. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A. An Awkward Holiday B. A Medical Incident
C The Powerful Aid D. The Unusual Couple
C
“I like pigs,” Winston Churchill supposedly once said. “Dogs look up at us, cats look down on us, but pigs treat us as equals.” Whether Churchill’s contemporary George Orwell also liked pigs is less clear. But he, too, surely saw something in them that was lacking in other domestic beasts, for it was they who ended up running the show in novel Animal Farm. Pigs, then, are intelligent social creatures.
And, like all animals, they sometimes fight. A study just published in Animal Cognition by Ivan Norscia, a biological anthropologist at the University of Turin, in Italy, and his colleagues, looked at how a group of 104 domestic pigs went about resolving such incidents. In total, Dr. Norscia and his team studied the details of 216 pig conflicts over the course of six months.
Some pigs tend to be attackers; others tend to be victims. Who is what depends largely on weight, for, among pigs pounds mean power. The attacker might bite, kick, bump or lift the victim (or string together a sequence of those actions). Most conflicts ended in seconds, but some lasted a minute or two.
In most animal species that would be that. However, many of the pig conflicts Dr. Norscia observed had interested parties beyond the protagonists (主角). He therefore wanted to understand the role of these bystanders in resolving fights —and what this says about pigs’ cognitive (认知) abilities.
Since there was usually not enough time for a bystander pig to intervene during the heat of a conflict (though this did occur), he and his colleagues looked at what happened in the three minutes directly following an aggressive interaction. Sometimes, they found, the protagonists made up on their own —for instance, by touching noses.
On other occasions, though, a third pig stepped in. Sometimes this bystander acted as a peacemaker, engaging with the attacker and reducing the number of subsequent attacks compared with what might otherwise have been expected. Sometimes, by contrast, the bystander engaged with the victim. This appeared to calm the victim down, for it reduced anxiety-related behavior such as shaking and scratching.
28. Why does the author mention Winston Churchill in the first paragraph
A. To prove pigs are clever. B. To show pigs are inspirational.
C. To state Churchill loves pigs. D. To introduce the topic of the text.
29. What probably decides on the pigs’ roles in pig conflict
A. Their ages. B. Their weight.
C. Their safety needs. D. Their cognitive abilities.
30. Why did Ivan Norscia and his colleagues conduct the study
A. To comprehend the role of bystanders in conflict resolution.
B. To figure out the relationship between pigs.
C. To record the details of 216 pig conflicts.
D. To find out the reason for pigs’ conflicts.
31. How will the bystander interact with the victim after a fight
A. By shaking it. B. By touching its nose.
C. By scratching its back. D. By offering comfort to it.
D
Every language and culture has curse words (脏话). What gives a curse word its power is partly its meaning and partly its sound. “In English, for example, curse words tend to contain a high percentage of plosive (爆破音) sounds, including P, T and K, ” said Ryan McKay, a psychologist at University of London.
Dr. McKay teamed up with his colleague Shiri Lev-Ari to learn whether this familiar pattern went beyond English. They wondered whether it might even represent what’s called sound symbolism. Sound symbolism is when a word sounds like what it means.
The researchers first asked fluent speakers of Hebrew, Hindi, Hungarian, Korean and Russian to list the most vulgar (粗俗的) words they could think of. Once they’d made a list of each language’s most frequently used curse words, the researchers compared these with neutral words from the same language. In these languages, they didn’t find the plosive sounds that seem common in English curse words. “Instead, we found that the vulgar words were defined by what they lacked: the approximant (近似音) sounds that include letters I, L, R, W and Y,” Dr. Lev-Ari said.
Next, the scientists invited 215 native speakers of six languages: Arabic, Chinese, Finnish, French, German and Spanish. The participants listened to pairs of words in a language they didn’t speak, and guessed which word in each pair was offensive. In reality, all the words were invented. For example, the researchers started with the Albanian word “zog,” for “bird,” and created the pair of fake words “yog” and “tsog.” Participants were more likely to guess that words without approximants, such as “tsog,” were curses.
Finally, the researchers combed through the dictionary for English curse words and their cleaned-up versions. Once again, the clean versions included more of the sounds I, L, R, W and Y.
A 20th-century linguistic principle claimed that the sounds of words were arbitrary: Any word could have any meaning. With curse words, though, as in other cases of sound symbolism, “the sounds themselves seem to carry meaning,” said Lev-Ari. “That’s a new thing,” said linguist Benjamin Bergen. “Curse words across languages, unrelated to each other, may pattern similarly.” He also pointed out, to make sure the pattern of approximants missing from curses isn’t an accident, it would be nice to find it in an even larger sample of languages.
32. What is the purpose of McKay and Lev-Ari’s research
A. To analyze a phenomenon. B. To explain a definition.
C. To confirm an assumption. D. To challenge a theory.
33. What were the participants asked to do in the second part of the research
A. To tell the rude word according to its sound.
B. To make up new curse words from real words.
C. To decide which curse words are used more frequently.
D. To identify the approximants in curse words.
34. According to Lev-Ari, which of the four is likely to sound offensive
A. Tusck B. Sola C. Darn D. Biach
35. What can we learn from the last paragraph
A. The old linguistic principle of sounds and meanings is wrong.
B. In sound symbolism, a word’s sound represents its meaning.
C. The research reveals the similarities between different languages.
D. The result of the research is not fully accepted by scientists.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Choose Your Purpose-Filled Career
When you think about choosing a career, you often do it in the following two ways.
Think about what you like to do. If you like writing or doing crafts, you might consider these things. This is not a bad way to go, of course, but you can’t always make money doing things you like (like video games or drinking beer). ____36____
Think about a well-paid job that you can do and doesn’t sound so bad. ____37____ Or maybe that’s out of your educational reach, so you choose office or retail worker. These are all great choices. But often they are not something you’re really passionate about. It’s kind of like just doing something because it’s there——not very inspired.
____38____ Try to do something to serve a community or make the world better. For example, taking care of children, because you really want to help children get a great start in life, or blossom into who they want to be or getting into government or social work to improve the conditions of the community you live in or becoming a scientist to help ease the environmental crisis or find a cure for a terrible disease. ____39____ And if you choose one of them for that purpose, you will serve in that work feeling a sense of purpose each day.
____40____ The point isn’t how you serve the world, but just serving the world in some way will help you feel filled with purpose. If you choose a purposeful and enjoyable job, you’re always further along than most people.
A. There are endless ways to do that.
B. Maybe a doctor, engineer or lawyer
C. However, there’s another way that is perhaps better.
D. You are dreaming of a well-paid job which you like best.
E. It’s essential not to concentrate on interests and good payment.
F. Each of these is just one of many possibilities filled with purpose.
G. And sometimes things you like are better as a hobby or side passion.
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节, 满分 30 分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In some parts of Central China’s Henan province, daughters will ___41___ wild goose-shaped cakes for their parents before the leap month (闰月) comes, wishing for auspiciousness. There is a ___42___ surrounding the tradition.
Long ago, there was a girl living at the southern foot of the Songshan Mountain in Henan, who was very ___43___. In a year which had a leap month, the married girl ___44___ of her parents, who never had enough food to eat and might suffer from hunger due to the ___45___ month. So, she collected some leftover millet (小米) and headed toward her parents’ home. On the mountainous road, she ___46___ fell down and when she woke up, the millet was already ___47___ up by birds. Seeing this and thinking of her parents, she cried loudly and slowly fell asleep again.
Then she heard some weak voice and woke up again, seeing a couple of wild geese were staying in her bag and not willing to leave, so she took them with her. When she arrived at her parents’ home, the village was ___48___ famine and plague, and her parents were on the verge of ___49___. She hurriedly boiled the wild geese and fed them to her parents, and her parents recovered soon. She then gave the leftover food to the neighbors and the ____50____ miraculously disappeared the next day.
After that, before each leap month, daughters began to visit their ____51____ and bring gifts. As wild goose is a ____52____ bird, people use dough to make wild goose-shaped cakes in ____53____ of the actual bird for their parents, wishing them healthy and hoping to banish any plagues.
In some parts of East China’s Shandong province, the married daughters will send dough-made fish and toad to their parents, which ____54____ “wealth” and “health” respectively. ____55____, it is said that the dough fish is for a mother and the dough toad is for a father.
41. A. bury B. send C. prepare D. decorate
42. A. book B. song C. title D. legend
43. A. beautiful B. filial C. brave D. smart
44. A. thought B. warned C. heard D. reminded
45. A. repetitive B. relevant C. representative D. respective
46. A. eventually B. accidentally C. hurriedly D. mysteriously
47. A. taken B. made C. eaten D. set
48. A. suffering from B. learning from C. taking from D. recovering from
49. A. delight B. death C. penalty D. performance
50. A. neighbors B. plague C. food D. village
51. A. friends B. relatives C. parents D. classmates
52. A. delicate B. abnormal C. outstanding D. rare
53. A. pursuit B. point C. place D. praise
54. A. symbolize B. suspect C. simplify D. state
55. A. However B. Therefore C. Otherwise D. Besides
第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1. 5 分, 满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
More than 1,500 years ago, ancient Chinese craftsmen____56____（invent）a new type of paper. It later became an essential item for traditional Chinese study and an icon of Chinese culture,____57____is called Xuan paper, or rice paper…In 2009, the traditional craft of making Xuan paper was included on UNESCO’S Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
Xuan paper was first made from the straw of rice and bark from a typical tree in ancient Xuan Region, now____58____（know）as Jingxian County in Anhui Province. The traditional process of making Xuan paper is____59____（extreme）demanding and involves more than 100 steps. The whole process can take as long as two years to complete,____60____the skills have been passed down for the next generation.
Such features as being white, soft and moth-proof（防虫）enable Xuan paper____61____（last）for even more than 1,000 years. Amazingly, after such a long time, it can keep the____62____（fresh）of the ink end color on it, ____63____（result）in a name “Paper of Ages.”
Because of its lasting popularity____64____Chinese scholars and artists and also due to its remarkable longevity, so far the majority of existing ancient Chinese books, calligraphy and paintings_____65_____（preserve）on Xuan paper.
第四部分 写作(共两节;满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分 15分)
66. 你受学生会委托为校网站交换生板块写一则英文通知，请大家关注一门线上选修课程Traditional Chinese Festivals，内容包括：
1.课程时间安排；
2.课程内容简介；
3.报名方式。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Notice
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节读后续写(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
One spring morning many years ago, I had been searching for gold along Coho Creek on southeastern Alaska’s Kuprean of Island, and as I emerged from a forest of spruce(云杉) and hemlock tree, I froze in my tracks. No more than 20 paces in the bog(沼泽) was a huge Alaskan timber wolf - caught in one of Trapper George’s traps.
Old George had died the previous week of a heart attack, so the wolf was lucky. Confused and frightened at my approach, the wolf backed away. Then I noticed something else: It was a female, and her teats were full of milk. Somewhere there was a den of hungry pups (小狼) waiting for their mother.
From her appearance I guessed that she had been trapped only a few days. That meant her pups were probably still alive. But I suspected that if I tried to release the wolf, she would turn aggressive and try to tear me to pieces.
So I decided to search for her pups instead and began to look for tracks that might lead me to her den. Fortunately, there were still a few remaining of snow. After several moments, I spotted pups’ marks on a trail.
The tracks led a half mile through the forest, then up a slope covered with many rocks. I finally spotted the den at the base of an enormous spruce, There wasn’t a sound inside. Wolf pups are shy and cautious, and I didn’t have much hope of inviting them outside, But I had to try. So I began imitating the high-pitched(声音很尖锐的) sound of a mother wolf calling her young. No response. A few moments later, after I tried another call, four tiny pups appeared. They couldn’t have been more than a few weeks old.
注意:
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1:
I extended my hands.
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Paragraph 2:
With her young to protect, she was becoming aggressive.
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