资源简介

(共57张PPT)
必修 第一册
UNIT 4　NATURAL DISASTERS
★每日早晚必背
单元话题写作
假定你是李华，最近你校就新能源风能和太阳能的有效利用展开了热烈的讨论，最后同学们得出了几点共识。请给你校校报投稿，具体介绍相关内容。内容包括：
1.简要开头；
2.发展风能和太阳能的原因；
3.风能和太阳能的优势；
4.个人看法。
丰富的句式结构
1.With global warming and the exhaustion of oil resources in recent years, the development of new energy resources becomes extremely urgent.(with引导的介词短语作状语，表示“随着近些年全球变暖和石油资源的枯竭……”)
2.All the students agree the two kinds of new sources of energy can not only reduce pollution, but also be cheap to use.(not only … but also…连接并列成分)
3.As far as I’m concerned, while protecting the environment, we should vigorously develop these two new sources of energy to make people’s life more convenient.(while引导的状语从句的省略；动词不定式作状语，使得句式更加丰富多彩)
佳文背诵
Dear editor,
Recently there has been a heated discussion in our school about the efficient use of wind and solar energy. The students reached the following common views.
With global warming and the exhaustion of oil resources in recent years, the development of new energy resources becomes extremely urgent. Technologies relevant to solar and wind energy have become very mature. All the students agree the two kinds of new sources of energy can not only reduce pollution, but also be cheap to use. Therefore, they should be widely used in our country.
As far as I’m concerned, while protecting the environment, we should vigorously develop these two new sources of energy to make people’s life more convenient.
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
★课前语基夯实
高频重点词汇
◎核心词汇 会运用
1.　　　　 n.&vt. 营救；救援
2.　　　　 vt. 损害；破坏　n. 损坏；损失
3.　　　　 vt. 摧毁；毁灭
4.　　　　 n. 避难处；居所；庇护
vt. 保护；掩蔽
vi. 躲避(风雨或危险)
rescue　
damage　
destroy　
shelter　
5.　　　　 vt. 使落入险境；使陷入圈套　
n. 险境；陷阱
6.　　　　 n. 援助；帮助；救援物资　
vi.&vt. 帮助；援助
7.　　　　 vt.&vi. 碰撞；撞击
n. 撞车；碰撞
8.　　　　 vt.&vi. 打扫；清扫
9.　　　　 n. 海浪；波浪
vi.&vt. 挥手；招手
trap
　
aid　
crash　
sweep
wave　
10.　　　　 adj. 镇静的；沉着的
vt. 使平静；使镇静
11.　　　　 n. 洪水；大量　vi. 淹没；涌入
vt. 使灌满水；淹没
12.　　　　 n. 努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
13.　 　　　 n. 突发事件；紧急情况
14.　　　　 n. 智慧；才智
15.　　　　 vi. 吹口哨；发出笛声　
vt. 吹口哨
n. 哨子(声);呼啸声
calm　
flood　
effort　
emergency　
wisdom　
whistle　
16.　　　　 n.&vt. 破坏；毁坏
17.　　　　 n. 供应(量);补给；[pl.]补给品
vt. 供应；供给
18.　　　　 vi.&vt. 侵袭；突击；击打
n. 罢工；罢课；袭击
19.　　　　 vt. 埋葬；安葬
ruin　
supply　
strike　
bury
【语境活用】根据汉语意思填写单词
1.Seeing the boy approaching, Tom 　　　　(吹口哨)to his friend at once to keep hidden.
2.Unfortunately, her child was washed away in the 　　　　(洪水).
3.With so many miners 　　　　(使埋没) under the mine, none of the rescue workers would stop to have a rest.
4.The earthquake was so big that most of the houses in the small village were completely 　　 　　(摧毁).
5.A large number of soldiers were sent there to 　　　　(拯救) those trapped in the building.
whistled
flood　
buried
destroyed　
rescue　
6.As this lock is 　　　　(损坏), this door will never open!
7.(2020·全国高考卷Ⅲ)If you do, you won’t be able to handle it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that 　　　　(破坏) everyone’s day.
8.Some miners were　　　　 (使落入险境)underground after the sudden collapse of the mine.
9.Chinese people would 　　　　(清扫) out their houses before the Spring Festival.
10.He often 　　　　(提供)food and clothing to the children in the mountainous areas.
damaged
ruins　
trapped　
sweep　
supplies
◎拓展词汇 能提升
1.　　　　 n. 死；死亡→　　　　 v. 死亡→　　　　 adj. 死亡的；已逝去的
2.　　　　 n. 震惊；令人震惊的事；休克　vt. (使)震惊→　　　　 adj. 令人震惊的；骇人的→　　　　 adj. (感到)震惊的
3.　　　　 n. 电；电能→　　　　 adj. 电的；与电有关的→
　　　　 adj. 用电的；电动的；带电的
4.　　　　 n. 总结；概括；概要→　　　　 n. 金额；总数　v.概括；总结
death
die
dead
　shock
shocking
shocked　
electricity
electrical
electric　
summary
sum
5.　　　　 vi.&vt. 统一；(使)成一体→　　　　 v. 使……混合；使……联合；使……团结→　　　　 adj. 一致的；统一的；团结的
6.　　　　 vi.&vt. 呼吸→　　　　 n. 呼吸；气息→　　　　 adj. 气喘吁吁的；喘不过气来的
7.　　　　 vt. 遭受；蒙受　vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→
　　　　 n. 痛苦；受难→　　　　 n. 受难者；患病者
8.　　　　 vi. 生存；存活　vt. 幸存；艰难度过→　　　　 n. 生存；幸存；幸存事物→　　　　 n. 生还者；幸存者
unify
unite
united　
breathe
breath
breathless
suffer
suffering
sufferer　
survive
survival　
survivor
9.　　　　 n. 电力供应；能量；力量；控制力→　　　　 adj. 强有力的；强大的→　　　 　 adv. 强烈地；有效地
10.　　　　 vt.&vi. 递送；传达　vt. 发表→　　　　 n. 传递；交付；递送
11.　　　　 n. 影响；结果；效果→　　　　 adj. 有效的；生效的
12.　　　　 n. 长；长度→　　　　 v. 加长；延长→　　　　 adj. 长的；冗长的
power
powerful
powerfully
deliver
delivery
effect
effective
length
lengthen
long
1.We offer customers a free home 　　　　(deliver) service.
2.The town is without 　　　　(electrical)and the water supply has been cut off.
3.The expansion of higher education should be a 　　　　(power) force for change.
4.Perhaps the most difficult challenge is how 　　　　 (survive) without friends in life.
5.It’s reported that two major national telecommunication providers will
　　　　(united) into one.
delivery　
electricity　
powerful
to survive　
unite　
6.You must learn　　　　　　regularly. Otherwise, you will feel out of
　　　　after such a long distance.(breath)
7.The 65-year-old Steve Goodwin was found 　　　　(suffer)from early Alzheimer’s disease(阿尔茨海默病).
8.This area 　　　　　　by the terrible flood, so we must take
　　　　measures to help it go through the difficulties.(effect)
to breathe
breath　
suffering　
was affected
effective　
9.I still remember visiting a friend who’d lived here for five years and I
　　　　　　(shock)when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
10.The road has a total 　　　　of two miles only, so the workers decide to 　　　　it.(long)
was shocked　
length
lengthen
高频短语串记
◎单元短语再现
first aid kit;as if;in ruins;in shock;in the open air;on hand;be/become a home to;sweep away;come to an end;get back up on one’s feet;put up
【语境活用】选用前面短语的适当形式填空
1.After the terrible earthquake, all the houses and buildings became
　　　　　　　　 .
2.Her life has not 　　　　　　　　, and she also doesn’t know what is waiting for her ahead.
3.The buffalo(野牛) then tried to lift itself up with great difficulty, and after some time managed to 　 .
in ruins　
come to an end　
get back up on its feet　
4.It seemed as if the world were at an end. Despite this, all the people decided to work hard to 　　　　　　　　　　　the disaster and rebuild their home.
5.Always have your dictionary 　　　　　　when you study because it is very convenient for you to refer to it.
6.He talked of other cultures 　　　　　　　they were more familiar to him than his own.
sweep away　
on hand　
as if　
7.If people 　　　　　　　a wall, building, tent, or other structure, they construct it so that it is upright.
8.Her husband was with her, but there was blood everywhere and the woman was embarrassed and clearly 　　　　　　　.
put up　
in shock
重点句型仿写
背原句 明句型 巧仿写
Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat, and dogs refused to go inside buildings. 鸡甚至猪都紧张得不敢吃东西，狗也拒绝进入建筑物内。 too…to太……而不能 1.The little boy is
__________________　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(太小而无法举起) the heavy stone.
It seemed as if the world were coming to an end! 仿佛世界末日即将来临! It seems/seemed as if/though… 看起来好像…… 2.It seemed as if he
___________________ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(已经了解了) what happened just now.
too young to raise/lift
had known about
背原句 明句型 巧仿写
Water, food, and electricity were hard to get. 水、食物和电都很难得到。 主语+be+adj.+不定式 3.As we all know,
　　　　　　　　　　　　　(空气呼吸起来很舒服) in the mountainous areas.

However,dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies. 然而，危险的环境和受损的道路将使粮食和供应品难以运送。 make it difficult to do…(it作形式宾语) 4.They not only _______________
　　　　　　　　　　　　　(使人们很难睡着) at night, but they are doing damage to our houses and shops of historical interest.
续表
the air is comfortable to breathe
make it difficult for people to sleep
★考点多维突破
词汇精磨
1.affect vt. 影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动
【先精练】单句语法填空
(1)　　　　　　　 (affect) with a serious disease, he was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there was no hope of recovery.
(2)I feel much 　　　　(affect) for my mum, whose words and actions have a positive effect 　　　 　me.
Affected　
affection
on/upon
【再精写】微写作
(3)Many young people were deeply affected/moved/touched by his story and began to do volunteer work for the disabled.
→ 　　　　　　　 　　　　his story, many young people began to do volunteer work for the disabled.(过去分词短语作状语)
Deeply affected/moved/touched by
【再精写】微写作
(4)父母的离异使她深受打击。
She 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　her parents’ divorce.
had been deeply affected by
【归纳拓展】
(1)be affected by…
被……侵袭；被……感动
(2)affected adj. 做作的；不自然的；假装的
affected manner 做作的举止
affecting adj. 令人感动的；感人的
an affecting drama 感人的戏剧
(3)affection n. [U]喜爱；钟爱；慈爱
have an affection for喜爱；喜欢
2.bury vt. 埋葬；安葬
【先精练】单句语法填空
(1)The girl was sitting on the bench in the park, 　　　　(bury) her head in the book in her hands.
(2)He stood on the sidewalk with his hands 　　　　(bury) in the pockets of his dark overcoat.
burying　
buried
【再精写】微写作
(3)Because he buried himself in his book, he didn’t notice that all the others had left.
→ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　, he didn’t notice that all the others had left.(现在分词短语作状语)
→ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, he didn’t notice that all the others had left.(过去分词短语作状语)
Burying himself in his book
Buried in his book
【归纳拓展】
be buried in/bury oneself in
埋头于；专心于
be buried in thought沉思
bury one’s face in one’s hands双手掩面
3.shock n. 震惊；令人震惊的事；休克
vt.(使)震惊
【先精练】单句语法填空
(1)When the temperature drops, it can be 　　　　shock and make you feel even colder.
(2)The reason for this 　　　　(shock) attack seemed to be racial hatred.
(3)She was so 　　　　(shock) that she could hardly bring out a word.
a　
shocking
shocked
【再精写】微写作
(4)她所经历的是意料之中的一种文化冲击。
What she was experiencing was 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　in expectation.
a culture shock
【归纳拓展】
(1)It shocked sb.to see/hear…
看到/听到……使某人震惊
(2)be a shock to sb.对某人来说是一个打击
in shock 震惊；吃惊
culture shock 文化冲击
in a state of shock 处于休克状态
(3)shocked adj. 感到震惊的
be shocked at/by…对……感到震惊
be shocked to do sth.
对做某事感到震惊
(4)shocking adj. 令人震惊的
It’s shocking that…　……是令人震惊的。
4.survive vi. 生存；存活　vt. 幸存；艰难度过
【先精练】单句语法填空
(1)Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us 　　　 　(survive) is to live in harmony with nature.
(2)After the plane crash, what the 　　 　　(survive) could do was to wait for rescue on this desert island.
(3)If he couldn’t find his way out of the forest, there would be little chance of 　　　　(survive).
to survive　
survivors
survival
【再精写】微写作
(4)After we survived that night, we were confident that everything else would be all right.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　, we were confident that everything else would be all right. (现在分词短语作状语)
Having survived that night
【归纳拓展】
(1)survive the fire/earthquake/accident
从火灾/地震/事故中生还
survive on…
靠……维持生活；靠……存活下来
(2)survival n. 幸存；[C]遗物；幸存物
(3)survivor n. 幸存者；死里逃生的人　　
5.supply vt. 供应；供给
n. 供应(量);补给；[pl.]补给品
【先精练】单句语法填空
(1)What happens when food and petrol 　　　　(supply) run low
(2)That will take time, however, and patience is 　　　　short supply.
(3)Here in the restaurant, we can supply the best service 　　　　you.
supplies　
in　
for/to
【再精写】微写作
(4)不要忘记所有的狗都需要喝新鲜的水。
Don’t forget that all dogs need 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
a supply of fresh water to drink
【归纳拓展】
(1)supply sb.with sth.=supply sth.to/for sb.给某人提供某物
supply electricity/water/gas
供应电力/水/煤气
(2)supply and demand 供求关系
medical/relief supplies
医疗用品/救援物资
in short supply供应不足；缺乏
a supply of… ……的供应/提供
6.come to an end结束
【先精练】单句语法填空
(1)If you don’t know what you want, you might end up 　　　　(get) something you don’t want.
(2)When the meetings came to 　　　　end, Kafka presented her with a doll.
(3)We take having an 　　　　(end) supply of clean water for granted.
getting　
an　
endless
【再精写】微写作
(4)如果他们轻率地对待这场比赛，他们可能会以出洋相收场。
If they take this game lightly,they could 　　　　　　　　　　egg on their faces.
end up with
【归纳拓展】
(1)put an end to… 结束……
bring…to an end 结束……
end up doing sth. 以做某事结束
end up with… 以……结束
in the end (at the end of) 最终；终于
(2)endless adj. 无止境的；无休止的
句型精讲
1.(教材P50)It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!
仿佛世界末日即将来临!
【先精练】单句语法填空
(1)　　　　 seems as if the shoes were made to her own measure.
(2)She ran very quickly as if someone 　　　　(be) after her.
It　
were
【再精写】微写作
(3)看起来好像女士更难提升到公司的最高职位。
　　　　　　　　　　　　it’s more difficult for women to get to the top of the company.
It seems as if
【句法分析】
语法 现象 as if/though意为“仿佛；好像”,引导表语从句
结构 特点 (1)as if引导的从句表示的情况是真实的或是极有可能发生的，从句要用陈述语气；
(2)当说话人所陈述的是不真实的情况时，从句要用虚拟语气
虚拟 结构 (1)如果与现在事实相反，从句谓语用一般过去时，be动词用were;
(2)如果与过去事实相反，从句谓语用过去完成时，即“had+过去分词”;
(3)如果与将来事实相反，从句谓语要用“would/could/might+动词原形”
2.(教材P50)Water, food, and electricity were hard to get.
水、食物和电都很难得到。
【先精练】单句语法填空
(1)The problem looks rather easy, but as a matter of fact, it is very hard to deal 　　　　.
(2)The question put forward by the student is not easy
　　　　　　(figure) out.
with　
to figure
【再精写】微写作
(3)在一年的四个季节中，夏天是我最喜欢的季节。早晨的空气呼吸起来棒极了。
Among the four seasons in a year, summer is my favourite. The morning air is 　　　　　　　　.
(4)虽然李萍不健谈，但与她相处不难。
While Li Ping is not a talkative girl,
　　　　　　　　 .
good to breathe
she is not difficult/easy to get along with
【句法分析】
语法现象 主语+be+adj.+不定式
结构特点 此结构中，用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义
前提条件 (1)不定式和句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系；
(2)常用形容词有：good,difficult,hard,easy,comfortable,interesting,exciting等
【名师点击】
不定式和句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系；若不定式为不及物动词，其后应该加相应的介词。
※真题长难句精讲精析
(2021·全国高考乙卷)These days you’d be hard pressed to find anyone in Australia over the age of 15 who doesn’t own a mobile phone.
[句式解构]句中these days是时间状语；本句主语为　　　　,“who doesn’t own a mobile phone”为who引导的　　 　　;介词短语in Australia表地点。
[句意翻译]
_____________________________________________________________
you
限制性定语从句
如今，在澳大利亚，你很难找到一个15岁以上没有手机的人。
★能力优化集训
课本回放
◎语境填词
tap;survive;rescue;stay calm;shelter;keep awake;fall down
If an earthquake strikes, what can we do to 1.　　　　　　　　
First, 2.　　　　　　　　. When the earthquake starts, you shouldn’t run downstairs in shock, but 3.　　　　　　　　 yourself under a desk or a table, for the damaged stairs can 4.　　　　　　　　 easily. Second, try to save energy.
survive　
stay calm
shelter　
fall down　
Trapped in ruins, don’t cry for help all the time. You should encourage yourself to hold on. Make sure you 5.　　　　　　　　. Besides, do everything in your power to save yourself actively when waiting for 6.
　　　　　. It’s helpful to 7.　　　　　　 things to send signals for help.
keep awake　
rescue　
tap
技能提升
【语境辨义】根据语境写出黑体词的词性及含义
1.(2020·全国高考卷Ⅰ)Since lighting is often far removed from the power source—such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway—a lot of energy is lost during transmission.
　　　　　　
2.He had a real gift for handling chores, sheltering me from unpleasant repair jobs. ________
n. 电力供应　
v.保护　
3.Mrs.Long, who suffered a stroke after the accident, claimed $27,000 damages from the other driver’s car insurance firm.
_______________
4.Because of the rainstorm, large numbers of immigrants flooded into the area.
________
5.The professor delivered a long speech, which attracted all of us deeply.
________
6.The rain completely ruined my painting, which made me very upset. 　______________
n.损害赔偿金　
v. 涌入　
v. 发表　
v. 毁坏；破坏
写作空间
◎佳句回眸
1.这景色美得仿佛置身于仙境。(as if)
The scenery is so fantastic that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　you are in a fairyland.
it seems as if
2.那次地震过后，全城到处是一片废墟。(ruin)
The earthquake left the whole town 　 .
3.琳达肯定是被暴风雨困住了。如果这样的话，她就危险了。(be trapped in)
Linda must 　　　　　　　　this storm. If so, she must be in danger.
in ruins
be trapped in
4.我们应不遗余力地美化我们的环境，因为它是全人类共有的。(spare no effort)
We should 　　　　　　　　　　to beautify our environment, because it is shared by all the human beings.
5.一天晚上，一切都开始摇晃，水管爆裂，房子里的砖块掉落。(with复合结构)
One night, everything began to shake, 　　　　　　　　　　　and the bricks falling down the houses.
spare no effort
with the pipes cracking
◎短文写作
根据汉语提示并运用本单元的词汇和语法写一篇短文
一天晚上，一切都开始摇晃，水管爆裂，房子里的砖块掉落。所有的人都感到震惊。无论我们走到哪里，都发现一切都成了废墟。好像世界到了尽头!有些人受伤；有些被埋在废墟中。来自全国各地的战士们立即赶来救援，救出了那些被困在废墟下的人并埋葬了死者。此外，政府还组织了许多救援队伍，运送各种物资，不遗余力地为幸存者提供即时援助。在全国人民的帮助下，面对灾难，我们保持冷静。
One possible version:
One night, everything began to shake, with the pipes cracking and the bricks falling down the houses. All the people felt shocked. No matter where we went, we found everything lay in ruins. It seemed as if the world were at an end! Some people were injured;some were buried in the ruins. The soldiers who were from all parts of our country came to the rescue right away, saved those who were trapped under the ruins, and buried the dead. Besides, many other rescue teams were organised to deliver various supplies, sparing no effort to offer instant aid to the survivors. With the aid of people from the whole country, we kept calm in the face of the disaster.

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