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“读后续写”题型探究及案例分析
continuation writing
高中英语新高考题型研究之微讲座
目录
新高考英语的“读后续写”这一写作新题型，即一种将阅读与写作紧密结合的考查方式，旨在考查学生的综合语言运用能力，突出了新高考试题改革的综合性和创新性。
一、读后续写新题型
读后续写的考试要求
提供一段350词以内的语言材料，要求考生依据该材料内容、所给段落开头语和所标示关键词进行续写（150词左右），将其发展成一篇与给定材料有逻辑衔接、情节和结构完整的短文。
第七档： 22-25
(1)续写内容的质量、续写的完整性以及与原文情境的融洽度。
(2)所使用词汇和语法结构的准确性、恰当性和多样性。
(3)上下文的衔接和全文的连贯性。
各档评分呈现的是学生的续写故事在内容与融洽度，词汇与语法，衔接与连贯性等方面写作能力的递减
第五档： 15-17 第四档： 11-14
第三档： 6-10 第二档： 1-5
阅卷时，评卷老师关注的主要有以下三个方面：
第六档： 18-21
第一档： 0
字数
卷面
书写
关键句
1.不扣题
2.不合理
3.无意义
4.太单一
5.无逻辑
二、学生习作常见的问题
忽略了文本的阅读
缺乏写作的能力
两大问题
How to make up a story
如何续写情节？
How to describe vividly？
如何使续写情节生动形象？
三、读后续写策略及案例分析
考查的实质：
problems
solutions
reactions
重文本阅读
重情节构思
强语言输出
1.重文本阅读——解读文本
一、读文本浅层信息
▲读文体：记叙文；夹叙夹议
▲读内容：5W+How
1.读主旨大意（Theme）: 即明确文章主旨大意和段落大意。
2.找关键要素：即文章中的关键信息（who:main characters; personalities; appearance; relationship, when, where, what happened, why,how would the story continue )
培养学生圈画文本信息的习惯
培养学生读的习惯
二、剖文本深层信息
读故事情节（故事山）：A: Beginning; Developing; Climax
What
How
找到问题的起点并追踪它的发展
注意情感的变化
2021年6月全国新高考1卷
A MOTHER'S DAY SURPRISE
The twins were filled with excitement as they thought of the surprise they were planning for Mother's Day. How pleased and proud Mother would be when they brought her breakfast in bed. They planned to make French toast and chicken porridge. They had watched their mother in the kitchen. There was nothing to it. Jenna and Jeff knew exactly what to do.
The big day came at last. The alarm rang at 6 a.m. The pair went down the stairs quietly to the kitchen. They decided to boil the porridge first. They put some rice into a pot of water and left it to boil while they made the French toast. Jeff broke two eggs into a plate and added in some milk. Jema found the bread and put two slices into the egg mixture. Next, Jef turned on the second stove burner to heat up the frying pan. Everything was going smoothly until Jeff started frying the bread. The pan was too hot and the bread turned black within seconds. Jenna threw the burnt piece into the sink and put in the other slice of bread. This time, she turned down the fire so it cooked nicely.
Then Jeff noticed steam shooting out of the pot and the lid starting to shake. The next minute, the porridge boiled over and put out the fire. Jenna panicked. Thankfully, Jeff stayed calm and turned off the gas quickly. But the stove was a mess now. Jenna told Jef to clean it up so they could continue to cook the rest of the porridge. But Jeff's hand touched the hot burner and he gave a cry of pain. Jenna made him put his hand in cold water. Then she caught the smell of burning. Oh dear！The piece of bread in the pan had turned black as well.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右：2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph1: As the twins looked around them in disappointment, their father appeared.
Paragraph 2: The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke their mother up.
who(personalities; appearance; relationship）
when
where
what happened
why
how
summarize the story/Theme
读文本浅层信息
5W+H
A MOTHER’S DAY SURPRISE
The twins were filled with excitement as they thought of the surprise they were planning for Mother’s Day. How pleased and proud Mother would be when they brought her breakfast in bed. They planned to make French toast and chicken porridge. They had watched their mother in the kitchen. There was nothing to it. Jenna and Jeff knew exactly what to do.
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个
完整的故事，满分25分。(2021年全国一卷高考读后续写)
why：故事起因
twins
Jenna and Jeff
mother
who：主角
The big day came at last. The alarm rang at 6 a.m. The pair went down the stairs quietly to the kitchen. They decided to boil the porridge first. They put some rice into a pot of water and left it to boil while they made the French toast. Jeff broke two eggs into a plate and added in some milk. Jenna found the bread and put two slices into the egg mixture. Next, Jeff turned on the second stove burner to heat up the frying pan. Everything was going smoothly until Jeff started frying the bread. The pan was too hot and the bread turned black within seconds. Jenna threw the burnt piece into the sink and put in the other slice of bread. This time, she turned down the fire, so it cooked nicely.
when：故事时间
where：地点
what：故事开端
Then Jeff noticed steam shooting out of the pot and the lid starting to shake. The next minute, the porridge boiled over and put out the fire. Jenna panicked. Thankfully, Jeff stayed calm and turned off the gas quickly. But the stove was a mess now. Jenna told Jeff to clean it up so they could continue to cook the rest of the porridge. But Jeff’s hand touched the hot burner and he gave a cry of pain. Jenna made him put his hand in cold water. Then she caught the smell of burning. Oh dear! The piece of bread in the pan had turned black as well.
粥煮沸溢出把火浇灭了之后，Jenna惊慌失措
炉子周围一片混乱
Jeff的手碰到了滚烫的火炉，他痛得叫了一声
锅里那块面包也变黑了
what：故事发展（矛盾冲突）
problem: They could not prepare the breakfast for their mom.
excited
Helpless
The twins were filled with excitement as they thought of the surprise they were planning for Mother’s Day. How pleased and proud Mother would be when they brought her breakfast in bed.
How did the twins feel when they thought of giving their mother a surprise on Mother’s Day
双胞胎想到在母亲节给妈妈一个惊喜，非常兴奋，并且他们认为妈妈看到这份惊喜会很高兴自豪。
渲染的氛围是温馨的，感情基调是欢快愉悦的。
他们很爱自己的妈妈。
theme
1.love
2.gratitude
3.responsibility
2.重情节构思———合理构思情节
1. 如何续写第一段
1
2
3
找到3句话（原文最后一句、续写第一段首句、续写第二段首句）
（内容要与第一段首句一致、与原文情节一致、段尾要与第二段首句内容一致）。
确定第一段首句与原句最后一句之间的关系（顺承、递进、转折、因果、条件、并列、过渡、目的、让步、对比）。
结合这三句话的意思，从而确定第一段内容。
Paragraph 1：
As the twins looked around them in disappointment, their father appeared.
Paragraph 2：
The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke their mother up.
转折
They couldn’t prepare the breakfast without other’s help.
Paragraph 1：
As the twins looked around them in disappointment, their father appeared.
Paragraph 2：
The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke their mother up.
Dad helped them make the breakfast .
How
第一段的内容：
2.拓情节构思———合理构思情节
2. 确定第一段尾句
根据第二段首句，采用倒推的方法，同时结合第一段内容，确定第一段尾句。
Paragraph 1：
As the twins looked around them in disappointment, their father appeared.
Paragraph 2：
The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke their mother up.
Dad helped them make the breakfast successfully.
Finally, Jeff and Jenna prepared the breakfast with the help of dad. （第一段的最后一句）
第一段的内容：
2.拓情节构思———合理构思情节
3. 如何续写第二段
1
确定结局。（与阅读部分主题一致并且是正能量的）
2
根据第二段首句的信息和确定的正向结局情节，确定第二段内容。（内容要与第二段首句及原文情节一致）
Paragraph 1：
As the twins looked around them in disappointment, their father appeared.
Paragraph 2：
The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke their mother up.
Dad helped them make the breakfast successfully.
The breakfast was ready, and the twins decided to let mother enjoy the delicious food at once.（第一段的最后一句）
第一段的内容：
结尾：妈妈很感动，孩子很开心，一家人都感受到了爱。
How
2.拓情节构思———合理构思情节
4. 如何续写段落细节。
1
确定段落主角。
2
巧妙设问。
Paragraph 1：
As the twins looked around them in disappointment, their father appeared.
Paragraph 2：
The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke their mother up.
Q1. What did father see and what would their father react(回应)
Q2. What would he do to help the twins
Q3. What was the result
Q1. What would the twins do and say to their mother
Q2. How did the mother feel and react after hearing
her children’s blessing(祝福)
Q3. How did all of them feel at last
所见：看到孩子们失望
所说：询问孩子们的烦恼
所做：父亲决定帮忙解决问题,最终一起把早餐做好
所做：孩子们一起给妈妈惊喜
所见：妈妈看到礼物的反应和感动
所思：家人之间的互相理解和关爱
设问题
their father
the twins and mom
所做
所感 人物描写、环境描写（自然、社会） 自问自答
一、根据2个段首句，自问自答
二、主要围绕“出现问题——解决问题”（围绕what、how、why的问题）来展开
三、每段设计3-4个问题并回答
六所增加细节
原文结合点
动作描写
所思
所见
所闻
所说
心理描写
情绪描写
语言描写
一、情节线索
二、情感线索
三、主旨词汇
四、人物性格特征
万能模式
范文 ：As the twins looked around them in disappointment, their father appeared. Looking at the black bread and messy stove, father felt a little bit annoyed and asked them,“What happened ” The twins said the whole story to Father. Father hugged them tightly and said.“Let’s make breakfast together!” Hearing the offer of help from their father, a ripple of excitement ran through them again. What a pleasant surprise to team up with their father! This time, the twins made French toast and chicken porridge quickly and safely under their father’s guidance. The breakfast was ready, and the twins decided to let mother enjoy the delicious food at once.
The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke their mother up. They yelled loudly and happily,“Happy Mother’s Day!We love you,mom! We have prepared the breakfast for you.” Mother ’s eyes widened in surprise at the sight of the breakfast tray. Deeply moved, her eyes twinkled with joy and sweetness and she held them in a warm embrace. Father suggested,“Have a try, darling! They made it for you.”Mother tasted the breakfast and praised the twins. The twins jumped up with joy and a feeling of love filled the whole room.
七个 “不”
一不增加人物
二不增加旁支情节
三不用过多对话
四不用负能量结局
五不在文末设置悬念
六不偏离原文主题
七不违背逻辑常理
三个原则
原文一致原则
正能量原则
曲折性原则
通读全文，理清脉络
细读首句，构思框架
增加细节，展开续写
修改润色，整洁誊写
四个步骤
七三四法则
续写
四、后期教学建议
1. 注重写作方法指导。
2. 注重词汇和句型的积累。
3. 注重微技能的训练。
4. 注重书写指导。
如果你种了一棵树，它长得不好，你会观察它长得不好的原因，它可能需要肥料多一些或水多一些或阳光多一些，可是你永远不会责备树......
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