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专题03 首字母填空20篇（名校期中及模考真题）（详解版）
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、短文首字母填空
（2022·上海静安·八年级校考期中）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words.
How do you light up the night sky The answer is by using electricity. But did you know that nature can glow, too
Scientists have found many glowing creatures. Most of them live in the ocean. Some use their lights to talk to each other. O 1 use them to hunt or to protect themselves.
Scientists around the world are looking at this kind of light for new i 2 . In 2013, the US company Gleaux said it had created the world’s first light-producing plant. It is a genetically-modified (转基因的) plant. It can glow like a firefly.
Alexander, the company’s founder, and other scientists hope that in the future, glowing plants could r 3 lamps and glowing trees could line highways. Krichevsky a 4 hopes the technology could be used in farming. Farmers could know when their crops need water or are ready to be picked if they glow.
While Gleaux is working o 5 glowing plants, the French company Glowee is trying to use glowing bacteria (细菌) to light up shop windows and street signs.
“Our goal is to learn the way we p 6 and use light,” said Glowee. “We want to help reduce the 19 percent of e 7 consumption (消耗量) that is used to produce light.”
【答案】1．(O)thers 2．(i)deas 3．(r)eplace 4．(a)lso 5．(o)n 6．(p)roduce 7．(e)lectricity
【导语】本文介绍了人们正在想办法把发光的动物，植物和细菌用于农业和生活中，这样我们就能改变产生电和使用光的方法。
1．句意：有些则用它们来捕猎或保护自己。根据“Some use their lights to talk to each other.”和首字母o，可知空处应是other，some...others...表示“一些……，另一些……”。故填(O)thers。
2．句意：世界各地的科学家都在研究这种光，寻找新的想法。结合下文，可知科学家们想利用这种光，结合首字母i可确定空处为idea，空前没有不定冠词，因此应为复数形式。故填(i)deas。
3．句意：这家公司的创始人Alexander和其他科学家希望在未来，发光的植物能替代灯并排列在高速公路上。根据句意和首字母r，可知空处应为replace表示“代替”，在情态动词could之后应为动词原形。故填(r)eplace。
4．句意：Krichevsky还希望这项技术能用于农业。根据语境，上文提到了发光植物用来替代灯，下文谈到了发光植物用在农业中，结合首字母a，也推断空处为also，表示“也”。故填(a)lso。
5．句意：当Gleaux从事于研究发光植物时，法国公司Glowee正试图用发光细菌照亮商店的橱窗和街道。结合语境和首字母o，可确定空处为on，词组work on表示“从事于，继续工作”。故填(o)n。
6．句意：我们的目标是学习我们产生光和使用光的方法。句中and为并列连词，空处应和use保持一致，为动词原形，结合首字母p和语境，可确定空处为produce，表示“生产”。故填(p)roduce。
7．句意：我们想减少用于照明的19%耗电量。结合语境，可知Glowee想要减少用电量，结合首字母e可确定空处为electricity，表示“电”。故填(e)lectricity。
（2022秋·上海普陀·八年级统考期中）Complete the passage with proper words, and the first letter is given (根据首字母填空)
“I still remember the day when we met,” says Alexa Martinez of her best friend Gabby Rivero. “It was in 2014, when we were in high school. Gabby sat in front of me in math class. At first, we didn’t talk m 8 . But later that year, when we were both in the school play, we became friends.”
Like many people, Alexa and Gabby became friends for t 9 main reasons. Research shows that we make friends with people who stay n 10 . (The person might be in a class with you at school or in the same office where you work.) Later, Alexa and Gabby were both in the school play, and they found out a shared interest: acting. If two people have something in common, this also raises the possibility that they will be friends.
To become close friends with another person, though, two other factors are important. First, the two people should be able to share their o 11 thoughts and information with each other. A good friend will also be there to listen and give a hand at times when the other person needs it.
Alexa recalls(回想起) how she and Gabby became close friends. “Acting in the play was really hard,” she says. “There were times when I thought about quitting(放弃). I never told other people this, but I could always talk to Gabby. She was very h 12 . She said things like, ‘Acting is hard, but you’re really good at it. I get nervous, too.’”
Both Alexa and Gabby needed extra practice, so they decided to meet and study their lines together after school. “There was a café where we went every day.” Alexa recalls. “After the school play ended, we c 13 to spend time together and enjoyed ourselves—and even now, we’re still very close.”
【答案】8．(m)uch 9．(t)wo 10．(n)earby 11．(o)wn 12．(h)elpful 13．(c)ontinued
【导语】本文介绍了Alexa 和Gabby成为朋友的原因和过程，告诉我们成为朋友有很多原因。
8．句意：一开始，我们没怎么说话。空处修饰动词talk应用副词，结合“But”可知，空前空后在句意上是转折关系，后文说两人成了朋友，则空处是说两人不怎么说话，也就是不多说话，much符合语境，故填(m)uch。
9．句意：Alexa 和Gabby成为朋友有两个原因。根据“Research shows that we make friends with people who stay...”和“Later, Alexa and Gabby were both in the school play, and they found out a shared interest: acting.”可知，应是两个原因，two符合语境，后跟名词复数，故填(t)wo。
10．句意：研究表明，我们会和住在附近的人交朋友。空处修饰动词stay应用副词形式，结合“The person might be in a class with you at school or in the same office where you work”及首字母可知，应是指住在附近的人，nearby符合语境，故填(n)earby。
11．句意：首先，两个人应该能够彼此分享自己的想法和信息。空处作定语修饰名词thoughts and information，结合“share their o.... thoughts and information with each other”及首字母可知，是分享自己的想法和信息，own“自己的”符合语境。故填(o)wn。
12．句意：她非常乐于助人。空处缺少形容词作表语，根据“I never told other people this, but I could always talk to Gabby. ”及首字母可知，应是她很有帮助，helpful“有帮助的”符合语境。故填(h)elpful。
13．句意：在学校的演出结束后，我们继续花时间在一起，玩得很开心——即使到现在，我们仍然非常亲密。根据“After the school play ended, we c... to spend time together”及首字母可知，应是继续在一起，continue“继续”，结合“enjoyed ”可知，空处用过去式，故填(c)ontinued。
（2022秋·上海浦东新·八年级上海市实验学校校考期中）Fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给)
Dear Mr. Costa,
I’m sorry it has taken me so long to write. I’ve been very busy with work and school, but I’ve thought about you o 14 .
How have you been lately Did you have a good Christmas and New Year’s Day Mac says you’ve been working hard at the restaurant and that b 15 is very good. What else have you been doing
I had a s 16 but good vacation. Mac and I went to Chicago for a few days before Christmas, but I had to come back and work between Christmas and New Year’s Day (including Christmas Day and New Year’s Eve)! Every time something like that happens, I w 17 if I really want to work in the hotel.
The other day I was thinking about the fun we u 18 to have in our English lesson. I haven’t seen many of our classmates since the course was over. A 19 , the only one I see very often is Tomiko. I’d really like to get in touch with Franco. Does he ever write to you If so, could you please send me his a 20
Well, Mac and I are going skating and he is waiting for me, so I guess I’d better say goodbye now. Write as soon as you can.
Yours,
Rose
【答案】14．(o)ften 15．(b)usiness 16．(s)hort 17．(w)onder 18．(u)sed 19．(A)ctually 20．(a)ddress
【导语】本文主要是Rose写给Costa先生的信，信中Rose介绍了自己的假期，以及对同学和Costa先生的想念。
14．句意：我一直忙于工作和学校，但我经常想起你。根据首字母提示可知，应该是“经常”，这里修饰动词，用副词often。故填(o)ften。
15．句意：麦克说你在餐厅工作很努力，生意很好。根据“you’ve been working hard at the restaurant”并结合首字母提示可知，应该是“生意”好，填单数名词“生意”business。故填(b)usiness。
16．句意：我有一个短的但是愉快的假期。根据首字母提示和“but”可知，应该是“短的”。这里修饰名词vacation，用形容词short。故填(s)hort。
17．句意：我想知道我是否真的想在酒店工作。根据首字母提示，应该是“想知道”。主语I是第一人称，一般现在时态，谓语动词用原形。故填(w)onder。
18．句意：前几天，我想起了我们过去在英语课上的乐趣。根据“I haven’t seen many of our classmates since the course was over.”及首字母提示，应该是回忆起过去的英语课。故填(u)sed。
19．句意：事实上，我经常见到的唯一一个是 Tomiko。根据“I haven’t seen many of our classmates since the course was over.”及首字母提示可知，应该是“事实上”，这里修饰句子，用副词Actually。故填(A)ctually。
20．句意：如果是的话，你能把他的地址发给我吗？根据“Does he ever write to you ”及首字母提示可知，应该是“地址”，填单数名词address。故填(a)ddress。
（2022·上海长宁·八年级统考期中）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。
Bridging the Gap
Anytime we need a taxi, we can pull out our phone, tap (轻轻叩击) a few buttons on the screen and a car will show up. It’s awesome (绝妙的), right But what happens to the elderly people who need a taxi ride but don’t know how to use a phone to book one They can only wave at the taxis passing by, many of which have a 21 been booked. I feel terrible every time I go to the hospital with my grandmother. There is always a long q 22 of sick elderly people waiting for taxis. These people probably badly need a taxi. But they cannot get one because they do not know how to use a smartphone.
Over the past ten or so years, technology has advanced quickly. For most of us, it has changed the way we live. Today, shopping, banking and even work can all be done over the internet. However, w 23 many new apps have made life easier for us younger folk, it has made it increasingly difficult for the older generations.
China has now passed a new set of guidelines (指导方针) to keep several basic services balanced between their online and offline availability. However, bridging this “digital gap” needs e 24 effort. Probably anyone over the age of 60, at one time or another, has called their children or grandchildren to ask for help with their smartphones. When they do so, we must be p 25 . What may only take us seconds to master can take them hours to do so, even after repeated instructions. Even then, the smallest mistake will leave them more confused (迷惑的) than before.
The next (1000) time(s) your elders ask you for help with technology, remember who was the person that spent countless hours t 26 you how to talk, walk, eat, etc. The least we can do is repay some of the favor.
【答案】21．(a)ctually 22．(q)ueue 23．(w)hile 24．(e)veryone’s 25．(p)atient 26．(t)eaching
【导语】本文讲述了随着科技的发展，很多年轻人用手机打车，但是老年人只能排队等候，而等候的车可能早被预订，老人不会使用新的手机软件，年轻人应该要有耐心的帮助老人讲解如何使用。
21．句意：他们只能向经过的出租车挥手，而许多出租车实际上已经被预订了。根据“They can only wave at the taxis passing by, many of which have...been booked.”并结合首字母可知，此处是指那些需要打车却不知道如何用手机预约的老年人只能向经过的出租车挥手，而许多出租车实际上已经被预订。actually“实际上”，副词，符合语境。故填(a)ctually。
22．句意：生病的老人总是排着长队等出租车。根据“There is always a long...of sick elderly people waiting for taxis.”可知此处是指排队等出租车。queue“队列”，名词，符合语境。故填(q)ueue。
23．句意：然而，尽管许多新的应用程序让我们年轻人的生活更轻松，但却让老一辈人的生活越来越困难。根据“However...many new apps have made life easier for us younger folk, it has made it increasingly difficult for the older generations”并结合首字母可知，此处表示让步关系，while“虽然”符合语境。故填(w)hile。
24．句意：然而，弥合这一“数字鸿沟”需要每个人的努力。根据“However, bridging this ‘digital gap’ needs...effort”可知讲述的是年轻人帮助老人，需要每个人的努力。everyone’s“每个人的”，修饰effort。故填(e)veryone’s。
25．句意：当他们这样做时，我们必须有耐心。根据“What may only take us seconds to master can take them hours to do so, even after repeated instructions.”（我们可能只需要几秒钟就能掌握的东西，他们可能需要几个小时才能掌握，即使经过反复的指示。）可知帮助老人时要有耐心，patient“耐心的”，形容词作表语。故填(p)atient。
26．句意：下次当你的长辈向你寻求技术方面的帮助时，记住是谁花了无数个小时教你说话、走路、吃饭等等。根据“The next (1000) time(s) your elders ask you for help with technology, remember who was the person that spent countless hours...you how to talk, walk, eat, etc.”并结合首字母可知，我们的长辈花了无数个小时教我们说话、走路、吃饭等等。teach“教”，动词。spend time doing sth“花时间做某事”，为固定短语。故填(t)eaching。
（2022·上海·八年级统考期中）在短文的空格内填 入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。
Sometimes we forget that many things we use every day were not always there. They had to be invented. Someone had to have an idea. Then they had to do a lot of experiments with the idea until it worked well. Here are few you might like to read about: In Maine, the northeast of the U. S., winters are long, windy and cold. Every winter, Chester Greenwood’s ears got so cold that they turned colors. When he was 15, Chester got ice skates for his birthday. He wanted to go skating. The cold wind and his frozen ears soon sent him running home. The next day, Chester tied a scarf around his ears. It was w 27 , but too uncomfortable. Then he got a GREAT IDEA．Chester made two oval loops out of wire. He asked his grandmother to sew covers on the ovals. Then she connected the ovals with another wire. The ovals fit over his ears. Chester had invented earmuffs! They saved his ears and made him rich. People in Maine found another way to r 28 Chester. December 21st , the first of winter, is Chester Greenwood Day. Sometimes inventions happen by chance. As a boy, Thomas Alva Edison was called Al. When he was 12 years old, he got his first j 29 . He sold newspaper and candy on the train. One day on the job, he bravely s 30 a boy from being run over by a train. The boy’s father worked a telegraph. Al asked how to run a telegraph. Not only did Al learn the telegraph, but he made a better one. It was one of his earliest GREAT IDEAS. Edison’s new telegraph made a lot of money. Later, he became the first person to o 31 and run an inventions business. He was good at that, too. We could thank Thomas Edison every day. He had many, many GREAT IDEAS such as bulbs, movie cameras, and batteries. Edison is the one who invented more things than a 32 else in the world. So, who knows You might invent something some day!
【答案】27．(w)arm 28．(r)emember 29．(j)ob 30．(s)aved 31．(o)wn 32．(a)nyone/(a)nybody
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章提醒我们，在我们的日常生活中许多东西不是一直都有的，它们需要有人发明，并给我们讲了两个关于发明的事例，最后鼓励我们每个人去发明创造。
27．句意：它是暖和的，但是不太舒服。根据“The next day, Chester tied a scarf around his ears”并结合首字母可知，warm“温暖的”符合语境，形容词作表语，故填(w)arm。
28．句意：在Maine人们找到另一个记住Chester的办法。根据“December 21st , the first of winter, is Chester Greenwood Day.”并结合首字母可知他们找到了记住Chester的方法，to为动词不定式符号，后加动词原形，故填(r)emember。
29．句意：当他十二岁时，他得到他的第一份工作。根据“He sold newspaper and candy on the train”并结合备选项可知，job“工作”符合语境，可数名词，由“first”可知此处应填其原形，故填(j)ob。
30．句意：一天在工作时，他勇敢地救了一个被火车碾过的男孩。根据“bravely”并结合首字母可知，save“挽救”符合语境，而由“He sold newspaper and candy on the train”可知时态为一般过去时，故填(s)aved。
31．句意：后来，他成为第一个拥有和经营一家发明公司的人。根据“an inventions business”并结合首字母可知，own“拥有”符合语境，而to为动词不定式符号，后接动词原形，故填(o)wn。
32．句意：Edison是一个比世界上任何人发明东西都多的人。根据“We could thank Thomas Edison every day. He had many, many GREAT IDEAS such as bulbs, movie cameras, and batteries”和事实可知Edison是世界上发明东西最多的人，结合首字母可知，anyone/anybody“任何人”符合语境，故填(a)nyone/(a)nybody。
（2022·上海浦东新·八年级校考期中）My big brother and I were standing at the door to the showroom at Fort Worth Gold and Silver Exchange, the largest, b 33 and most successful jewellery store in Texas.
“I can’t do it, Darren. I can’t face them.”
“It’s just talking to them. It’s not that hard.” said Darren. It was late November 1982 and Christmas music was playing.
“I’m telling you I’m too n 34 ,” I replied.
“You’re just going to have to p 35 ,” said Darren. “The store had started me selling on the phones because it was easier to make people believe that I was older and more experienced.
We called a number and my first real customer pushed her way t 36 the crowd to the front. I still remember that woman. She b 37 a necklace and a pair of earrings. I was shaking as I showed her the goods, shaking as I took her money and still shaking as I called the n 38 customer. But by the e 39 of the day, I could look a shopper in the eye and say, “I’m Clancy. What can I show you ”
【答案】33．(b)usiest 34．(n)ervous 35．(p)retend
36．(t)hrough 37．(b)ought 38．(n)ext 39．(e)nd
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者做珠宝销售的经历和故事。
33．句意：我和哥哥站在沃斯堡金银交易所的展厅门口，这是德克萨斯州最大、最繁忙、最成功的珠宝店。根据“the largest”、“and most successful jewellery store in Texas”和“my first real customer pushed her way...the crowd to the front”并结合首字母可知，这是德克萨斯州最大、最成功的珠宝店，说明珠宝店很繁忙，此处应用“繁忙的”的最高级“最繁忙的”busiest。故填(b)usiest。
34．句意：我回答道：“我告诉你，我太紧张了” 。根据“I can’t do it, Darren. I can’t face them”并结合所给首字母可知，作者很紧张，“紧张的”nervous。故填(n)ervous。
35．句意：达伦说道：“你只需要假装”。根据“The store had started me selling on the phones because it was easier to make people believe that I was older and more experienced”以及所给首字母可推测出，达伦告诉作者只需要假装，“假装”pretend，根据“have to”可知，其后应用动词原形。故填(p)retend。
36．句意：我们拨了一个号码，我的第一位真正的顾客挤过人群来到前面。根据“my first real customer pushed her way”和“the crowd to the front”可知，是挤过、穿过人群来到前面。“穿过”through。故填(t)hrough。
37．句意：她买了一条项链和一对耳环。根据“a necklace and a pair of earrings”和“took her money”可知，她买了一条项链和一对耳环，且句子为一般过去时，此处应用动词过去式，“买”bought。故填(b)ought。
38．句意：当我向她展示商品时，我浑身发抖；当我接过她的钱时，我浑身发抖；当我打电话给下一个顾客时，我仍然浑身发抖。根据“I showed her the goods”、“I took her money”、“I called the”和“customer”并结合所给首字母可知，此时应是打电话给下一个顾客，“下一个”next。故填(n)ext。
39．句意：但在一天结束时，我可以看着顾客的眼睛说，“我是克兰西。我能为您展示些什么？”根据“But by the”和“of the day”并结合所给首字母可知，by the end of“在……结束时”。故填(e)nd。
（2022·上海松江·统考二模）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给)
Humans have the amazing ability to communicate with each other through language. Human babies can learn any one of thousands of languages. Normally, the first language they learn is the one spoken by their p 40 . There is good evidence (证据) that babies’ brains are already programmed to learn language. For example, they are able to notice the difference between sounds at the age of one month. This has been proved with infants (婴儿) from families who speak d 41 languages.
In an experiment, these babies could tell the difference between sounds even if the babies’ mums and dads never u 42 them. This means that these babies were born with the ability to tell the two sounds apart. Babies also babble (含糊不清说话) in the same language around the world. It doesn’t m 43 whether they are Chinese, Japanese, or American, and their early sounds are the same. Between seven and eight months of age, babies start babbling in syllables. They take the sound “ba” and turn it into “ba-ba-ba.” The babbling sounds they make are common to most languages.
Children usually begin forming words by their first b 44 . Most babies’ first words are for objects which are f 45 to them, such as clothes, foods, toys, animals, and people. When children reach the age of two, they can speak about 270 words. By the time they are six, they can speak about 2,600 words.
Although much r 46 is left to be done in the language field, it seems that learning language is a natural function of the brain. As long as a baby is exposed to (接触) a language, the baby will learn it.
【答案】40．(p)arents 41．(d)ifferent 42．(u)sed 43．(m)atter 44．(b)irthday 45．(f)amiliar 46．(r)esearch
【导语】本文主要介绍了婴儿天生具有学习各种语言的惊人能力。
40．句意：通常情况下，他们学习的第一种语言是父母说的语言。根据“ the first language they learn”及首字母可知，婴儿学习的第一种语言应是父母说的那种语言，parents“父母”。故填(p)arents。
41．句意：这一点已经在说不同语言家庭的婴儿身上得到了证实。根据“For example, they are able to notice the difference between sounds at the age of one month.”可知，他们在一岁时就能注意到声音的不同，所以此处指说不同语言，different“不同的”。故填(d)ifferent。
42．句意：在一项实验中，这些婴儿能够分辨出声音的不同，即使他们的父母从未使用过它们。根据“even if the babies’ mums and dads never .... them”和“This means that these babies were born with the ability to tell the two sounds apart”及首字母可知，这里是为了说明婴儿天生具有区分两种声音的能力，所以此处指即使是爸爸和妈妈从未使用过的声音，他们也能区分。use“使用”，根据could可知，此处用过去式。故填(u)sed。
43．句意：不管他们是中国人、日本人还是美国人，他们早期的声音都是一样的。根据“ their early sounds are the same”可知，此处指和他们是哪里人没有关系，doesn’t matter“没关系”，故填(m)atter。
44．句意：孩子们通常在一周岁时就开始学会说话了。根据“begin forming words by their first... ”可知，此处指开始说话的时间，结合首字母和first可知，此处指“一岁生日时”，birthday符合语境。故填(b)irthday。
45．句意：大多数婴儿说的第一个词是他们所熟悉的物品，如衣服、食物、玩具、动物和人。根据“which are... to them, such as clothes, foods, toys, animals, and people.”及常识可知，婴儿说的第一个词与他们熟悉的人和物有关。be familiar to“为……所熟悉”，固定短语。故填(f)amiliar。
46．句意：虽然在语言领域还有很多研究要做，但学习语言似乎是大脑的一种自然功能。根据“much.... is left to be done in the language field”及首字母可知，此处指语言领域的很多研究，research“研究”，不可数名词，故填(r)esearch。
（2022·上海长宁·八年级校考期中）在短文的空格内填入恰当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。
Sissy is an elephant and she was very quiet when she arrived at her new home. The elephant shelters in Tennessee (田纳西州). Like people, elephants are social. They will be happy and h 47 if they live with family and friends.
But Sissy was d 48 . She was not used to other elephants. She had spent 30 years alone in zoos. Now she was suddenly facing a 2,700-acre land with several other elephants. At f 49 , she carried a tire (轮胎) with her e 50 , like a security blanket. That’s what she did in the zoos. But Montgomery, an educator at the shelter, said that the staff wasn’t too worried because it’s elephants’ n 51 to be with family and friends. They believed Sissy would adapt (适应).
Several months later, another elephant—Winky arrived. In no time, Sissy and Winky became friends and were seldom apart. They swam together and had meals together. One day, Sissy w 52 away from her tire. That was a good sign.
Sissy, Winky and all the elephants there were retired or rescued from zoos or circuses. Although they are not from the same family, they can learn to s 53 the same space and many of them become close companions.
【答案】47．(h)ealthy 48．(d)ifferent 49．(f)irst 50．(e)veryday/(e)verywhere 51．(n)ature 52．(w)alked 53．(s)hare
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一头叫茜茜的大象，刚到大象收容所时，她很安静，很孤独，很不适应那里的生活，但几个月后，另一头大象温基来了，它们成为了好朋友，收容所的一名教育工作者蒙哥马利认为大象的天性是与家人和朋友在一起。
47．句意：如果他们与家人和朋友住在一起，他们会幸福健康。根据“They will be happy and...if they live with family and friends.”及首字母提示可知，他们会幸福健康，and连接并列关系，空处需填与happy并列的形容词，作表语，healthy“健康的”，形容词。故填(h)ealthy。
48．句意：但茜茜不同。根据“But Sissy was...”及首字母提示可知，茜茜是不同的，“be+形容词”构成系表结构，空处需填形容词，作表语，different“不同的”，形容词。故填(d)ifferent。
49．句意：起初，她每天/随身带着一个轮胎，就像一条安全毯。根据“At..., she carried a tire with her..., like a security blanket.”及首字母提示可知，起初，她每天/随身带着一个轮胎，固定搭配at first表示“起初”，作状语，first“起初”，副词。故填(f)irst。
50．句意：起初，她每天/随身带着一个轮胎，就像一条安全毯。根据“At..., she carried a tire with her..., like a security blanket.”及首字母提示可知，她每天/随身带着一个轮胎，空处需填副词，作状语，副词everyday“每天”和everywhere“到处，所有地方”均符合语境。故填(e)veryday/(e)verywhere。
51．句意：但是，收容所的一名教育工作者蒙哥马利说，工作人员不太担心，因为与家人和朋友在一起是大象的天性。根据“But Montgomery, an educator at the shelter, said that the staff wasn’t too worried because it’s elephants’...to be with family and friends.”及首字母提示可知，与家人和朋友在一起是大象的天性，it的特殊句型“It’s+名词+to do sth.”表示“做某事是……”，名词所有格elephants’后需填名词，作表语，nature“天性”，名词。故填(n)ature。
52．句意：一天，茜茜离开了她的轮胎。根据“One day, Sissy...away from her tire.”及首字母提示可知，茜茜从她的轮胎走开，时态为过去时，动词用过去式，walk away from sth表示“从……走开”，walked“走”，动词walk的过去式或过去分词。故填(w)alked。
53．句意：虽然它们不是来自同一个家庭，但它们可以学会共享同一个空间并且它们中的许多成了亲密的伙伴。根据“Although they are not from the same family, they can learn to...the same space and many of them become close companions.”及首字母提示可知，它们可以学着共享同一个空间，“share the same+名词”表示“共享同一事物”，不定式to后需填动词原形，作宾语，share“共享”，动词。故填(s)hare。
（2022·上海崇明·统考模拟预测）Fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给）
The 27-year-old Wu Xiuying is a member of the “Snow Dream” team. During the Winter Olympics, these crew members will p 54 services to passengers traveling between Beijing, Yanqing and Chongli. They have been preparing two years for this big event.
“We have been taking all kinds of classes, including customer service, foreign languages, sign language, winter sports knowledge, etiquette (礼仪) and makeup skills,” said Wu. “The classes ran from 9 a.m to 5 p.m. S 55 there were even night classes. We were busy like students.”
Besides that, they also improved themselves through training. For example, they held a chopstick in their mouths to practise their warmest smiles. They put a piece of paper between their l 56 to practise standing posture. When passengers ask questions about the Olympics, they need to give accurate information. All the e 57 are made to offer the best service.
They also designed and decorated the carriages with snowflakes, Olympics logos, and pictures of winter sports athletes. “Our purpose is to c 58 an atmosphere (氛围) of the Winter Olympics. We did all these by ourselves, and the train is like a home we have built together,” said Wu.
Along the Beijing-Zhangjiakou railway, there are many tunnels through the mountains. Some passengers may feel “ear popping” (耳鸣) when the train runs at high speed. They wonder how to deal with it. To meet people’s n 59 , the “Snow Dream” team made a six-step exercise. Passengers can learn it from the screens on board.
“These days, more and more winter sports lovers take this train to ski in Yanqing and Chongli,” said Wu. “We hope our good service can make their trips h 60 and warm. And of course, we’ll welcome the Winter Olympics with our greatest enthusiasm!”
【答案】54．(p)rovide 55．(S)ometimes 56．(l)egs 57．(e)fforts 58．(c)reate 59．(n)eeds 60．(h)appy
【导语】本文主要介绍了“雪之梦”乘务组为北京冬奥会所做的准备。
54．句意：在冬奥会期间，这些机组人员将为往返于北京、延庆和崇礼的旅客提供服务。根据“these crew members will ... services to passengers”及首字母可知，此处指提供服务，provide“服务”，will后跟动词原形。故填provide。
55．句意：有时甚至还有夜课。根据“The classes ran from 9 a.m to 5 p.m. .... there were even night classes.”可知，夜课不是常有，结合首字母可知，应是有时有，sometimes“有时”，故填(S)ometimes。
56．句意：他们把一张纸放在两腿之间练习站立姿势。根据“to practise standing posture”可知，练习站姿，所以应是把纸放在两腿之间，leg“腿”，their后跟复数名词，故填(l)egs。
57．句意：一切努力都是为了提供最好的服务。根据“For example, they held a chopstick in their .... When passengers ask questions about the Olympics, they need to give accurate information. ”可知，此处是介绍他们所做的训练，结合首字母可知，此处指训练时付出的努力，effort“努力”，all后跟可数名词复数。故填(e)fforts。
58．句意：我们的宗旨是营造冬季奥运会的氛围。根据“Our purpose is to ... an atmosphere (氛围) ”可知，此处指创造一种氛围，create“创造”，to后跟动词原形构成不定式。故填(c)reate。
59．句意：为了满足人们的需求，“雪之梦”团队做了一个六步练习。根据“They wonder how to deal with it.”和“To meet people’s... ”及首字母可知，此处指为了满足人们的需求，need“需求”， meet people’s needs“满足人们的需求”。故填(n)eeds。
60．句意：希望我们良好的服务能让您的旅途愉快、温馨。根据“our good service can make their trips .... and warm.”及首字母可知，此处指提供好的服务是为了使旅客旅途愉快，happy“快乐的”，形容词作宾语补足语。故填(h)appy。
（2022·上海嘉定·统考模拟预测）Fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给)
Laura, a fourth-grader from Shanghai, enjoyed her vacation this summer. Usually she was attending English or math training courses, but this summer, for most of the time, she played tennis and basketball i 61 .
A newly-introduced instruction(指令) helped Laura enjoy enough f 62 time during the summer. Aiming to reduce the schoolwork on primary and junior high school students, the instruction calls for l 63 homework for students and better quality of education, according to a news report.
According to the report, children below the third grade will not have homework anymore. It should take no more than 90 minutes for junior high school students to finish their homework.
Off-school training centers are not a 64 to offer education courses over their grade level. Training based on subjects will not be offered on weekends, national holidays or during winter and summer vacations.
More than 75 percent of children in Chinese cities from grades 1 to 12 are taking private training courses, a newspaper reported. “Parents are w 65 that if their children start behind, they will stay behind.” said a researcher at South China Normal University. “The instruction aims to calm the parents and society as a whole.”
“But this does not mean the training courses will completely d 66 , since exams still exist,” said an officer. “Therefore, schools should improve their education quality, take the main r 67 for students’ education and not push them into off-school classes.” the officer said.
【答案】61．(i)nstead 62．(f)ree 63．(l)ess 64．(a)llowed 65．(w)orried 66．(d)isappear 67．(r)esponsibility
【导语】本文主要讲述了来自上海的四年级学生劳拉今年暑假过得情况。同时介绍了因为一项新引入的指令，可以让学生在暑假享受更多的空闲时间。
61．句意：通常她都在参加英语或数学培训课程，但今年夏天，她大部分时间都在打网球和篮球。根据“Usually she was attending English or math training courses, but this summer, for most of the time, she played tennis and basketball i….”可知，此处强调今年情况与往年不同，使用副词instead“相反”，故填(i)nstead。
62．句意：一项新引入的指令帮助劳拉在夏天享受了足够的空闲时间。根据“for most of the time, she played tennis and basketball”可知，劳拉可以享受足够的空闲时间，free time“空闲时间”，形容词作定语修饰名词。故填(f)ree。
63．句意：一份新闻报道称，该指令旨在减少中小学生的课业，要求学生减少家庭作业，提高教育质量。根据“reduce the schoolwork on primary and junior high school students”和“and better quality of education”可知，此处指更少的家庭作业，less“更少的”，little的比较级，故填(l)ess。
64．句意：校外培训中心不允许提供超过年级水平的教育课程。根据“Off-school training centers are not a… to offer education courses over their grade level. Training based on subjects will not be offered on weekends”可知，此处指校外培训中心不允许提供超过年级水平的教育课程，be not allowed to do“不被允许做某事”，使用动词过去分词，表被动含义。故填(a)llowed。
65．句意：父母们担心，如果他们的孩子开始落后，他们就会落后。根据“if their children start behind, they will stay behind”可知，孩子落后会让父母担心，worried“担心的”，使用形容词作表语。故填(w)orried。
66．句意：“但这并不意味着培训课程将完全消失，因为考试仍然存在，”一名官员说。根据“since exams still exist”可知，培训课程将不会完全消失，disappear“消失”，will+动词原形。故填(d)isappear。
67．句意：因此，学校应该提高教育质量，承担起学生教育的主要责任，而不是把学生推到校外上课。根据“take the main r…for students’ education”可知，take the responsibility for“承担对……的责任”，故填(r)esponsibility。
（2022·上海嘉定·八年级校考期中）The electricity station in our community (社区) happened to be repaired last Saturday, so the workers cut off our electricity that day. We all thought that it must be a very boring day. W 68 electricity, we could do nothing. But it was just the other way around.
After g 69 up in the morning, I started doing the housework myself rather than relying on the electrical machines like the vacuum cleaner. It was a little harder for me to do that job because I didn’t know how to make the dust disappear with the little rag (碎布). However, Mum t 70 me and after I got it, I felt very proud. Second, I went shopping with two friends instead of shopping directly on the Internet. We tried on different kinds of clothes in the shopping mall, enjoyed the whole process and felt very excited. When I returned home, Mum had p 71 a rich dinner and we enjoyed it under the candlelight. What’s more, we didn’t sleep so late as u 72 . We went to bed at 9 p. m. that night and felt very energetic the s 73 day.
【答案】68．(w)ithout 69．(g)etting 70．(t)aught 71．(p)repared 72．(u)sual 73．(s)econd
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者社区的发电站上星期六碰巧要修理，所以工人们那天切断了他们的电力供应。作者本以为这一定是一个非常无聊的一天，但事实正好相反。
68．句意：没有电，我们什么也做不了。根据首字母提示以及“we could do nothing.”可知，此处是说什么也做不了，可推知前文说的是“没有电”。故填(W)ithout。
69．句意：早上起床后，我开始自己做家务，而不是依靠电力设备，如吸尘器。根据“in the morning”可知，此处是说早晨“起床后”；get up“起床”，此处填get的动名词，和后面的部分组成动名词短语，充当介词after的宾语。故填(g)etting。
70．句意：然而，妈妈教我，我就会了，我感到非常自豪。根据上文“It was a little harder for me to do that job because I didn’t know how to make the dust disappear with the little rag (碎布).”可知，因为我不知道怎样除去碎布上的灰尘，所以这对我来说有点难。然而，妈妈教过我，之后我就会了。此处填teach的过去式，表示过去发生的动作。故填(t)aught。
71．句意：当我回到家时，妈妈已经准备好了丰盛的晚餐，我们在烛光下享用。根据“a rich dinner”及首字母可知，应是准备好了晚餐，had后跟prepare的过去分词构成过去完成时结构。故填(p)repared。
72．句意：更重要的是，我们没有像往常一样睡得那么晚。根据下文“We went to bed at 9 p. m. that night as...”及首字母可知，此处考查as usual“像平时一样”。故填(u)sual。
73．句意：那天晚上9点我们上床睡觉，第二天感觉很精神。根据“We went to bed at 9 p. m. that night and felt very energetic the...day”可知前一天晚上睡觉很早，所以第二天很精神，此处用序数词second“第二”。故填(s)econd。
（2022秋·上海徐汇·八年级上海市徐汇中学校考期中）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）
Few people in China enjoy storms more than Liu Yijing. Other people may close their windows to block out sounds of the storm. Liu, h 74 , jumps excitedly for each and every storm. More than that, he will then drive i 75 the heart of them.
Since 2020, chasing storms has become a part of Liu’s life. The 21-year-old has travelled a 76 30,000 kilometers across China. He takes photos of storms and shares them online.
The young man has become more and more p 77 . He has been invited to give speeches at universities. CCTV has even begun to use his works. Not long ago, one of his photos was chosen as the cover for Advances in Atmospheric Science (《大气科学进展》).
As a storm photographer, Liu is amazing. But there are o 78 things that make him even more special.
One day, Liu came across a f 79 . The man told him that a storm had damaged (破坏) the local crops. Liu felt sad. He r 80 that the things he loved could also bring damage.
Liu decided to do something. He started to make short videos about extreme weather (极端天气). Many people are now learning new things about the weather from him. “I hope my work can help people better understand nature,” said the storm chaser.
【答案】74．(h)owever 75．(i)nside 76．(a)bout 77．(p)opular 78．(o)ther 79．(f)armer 80．(r)ealized
【导语】本文主要介绍刘屹靖是一个风暴摄影师，拍摄很多风暴的照片并上传到网上。后来偶遇一位农民，了解到风暴对农作物的损害，刘屹靖决定做极端天气的短视频，让更多的人了解大自然。
74．句意：然而，刘屹靖为每一次风暴激动地跳跃。根据“Other people may close their windows to block out sounds of the storm”和“Liu… jumps excitedly for each and every storm.”可知，前后对比，刘屹靖和其他人面对风暴时的态度不一样，空格处表示转折。又因空格前后有逗号，此处则应该填副词，修饰整个句子。故填(h)owever。
75．句意：有时他将会开车进入到风暴的中心里面。根据语境可知，表达“进入风暴的里面”。故填(i)nside。
76．句意：这位21岁的年轻人大约在中国旅行了30000公里。根据空格后是数字，以及首字母可知，30000公里是一个大约的数字。故填(a)bout。
77．句意：这个年轻人变得越来越受欢迎。根据“He has been invited to give speeches at universities. CCTV has even begun to use his works.”可知，他很受欢迎。故填(p)opular。
78．句意：但是有些其他的事情使他更加特别。根据下文提到暴风破坏农作物以及刘屹靖的做法可知，说的是其他让他很特别的事情。空格后名词复数things，other符合语境。故填(o)ther。
79．句意：一天，他偶遇了一位农民。根据“The man told him that a storm had damaged (破坏) the local crops.”可知，这个人是农民。故填(f)armer。
80．句意：他意识到他喜欢的这个事情可能也会带来伤害。根据“Liu decided to do something.”可知，他意识到了一些事情。realize“意识到”，动词。空格后缺少谓语动词，用一般过去时。故填(r)ealized。
（2022·上海青浦·统考二模）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words. (在短文的空格内填入适当的单词，使内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给)
What comes to your mind when you think of Beijing The Forbidden City Tian’anmen Square The Temple of Heaven
These f 81 landmarks are all located along the central axis (中轴线). As the best preserved area of the old city of Beijing, the central axis is now under consideration for UNESCO’s World Heritage status.
The central axis means the ‘line’ that separates the e 82 and western parts of Beijing. At 7.8 kilometers long, it runs from Yongding Gate in the south to the Bell Tower and Drum Tower in the north. Its building started in the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368), and c 83 in the Qing Dynasty.
The central axis is like the backbone (脊梁) of Beijing. It smartly arranged the palaces, temples, markets and streets in a 84 times.
The central axis shows the traditional Chinese concept of ‘respecting the center’. This stressed the i 85 of imperial power (皇权), as the royal palace would be in the central spot. Other important buildings were placed around it. For example, the Imperial Ancestral Temple was to the east of the Forbidden City, while the Altar of Land and Grain lay to the west.
The central axis also shows traditional Chinese i 86 like harmony between man and nature (天人合一) and following order. It runs from the south to the north, the same as the d 87 of a meridian (经线). The culture that started from the Zhou Dynasty (11th century-256 BC． stressed balance, symmetry (对称) and order. There are lots of symmetric buildings along the axis. The Forbidden City is the most well-known.
‘The unique and magnificent spatial order of Beijing was generated by this central axis,’ said an architect.
【答案】81．(f)amous 82．(e)astern 83．(c)ompleted 84．(a)ncient 85．(i)mportance/(i)nfluence 86．(i)deas 87．(d)irection
【导语】本文主要介绍了北京中轴线的一些相关信息。
81．句意：这些著名的地标都位于中轴线上。根据“The Forbidden City Tian’anmen Square The Temple of Heaven ”可知，这些地标都是很出名的，famous“著名的”，形容词作定语修饰“landmarks”。故填(f)amous。
82．句意：中轴线是指将北京的东边和西边分开的线。根据“the e... and western parts of Beijing”可知，此处指北京的东边和西边，eastern“东边”。故填(e)astern。
83．句意：它的建筑始于元朝（1271-1368），建成于清朝。根据“Its building started in the Yuan Dynasty”可知，建筑在元朝开始建，下文应该指到清朝才建成，“complete”“完成”，因句子描述的事情是过去的，时态应用一般过去时。故填(c)ompleted。
84．句意：在古代，它巧妙地划分宫殿、寺庙、集市和街道。根据“in a... times”可知，此处应该指古代，ancient“远古的”，形容词作定语修饰“times”。故填(a)ncient。
85．句意：这强调皇权的重要性/影响，因为皇家宫殿处于中央位置。根据“ This stressed the i... of imperial power (皇权), as the royal palace would be in the central spot.”可知，皇家宫殿处于中央位置，体现出古代皇权的重要或影响力，“importance”“重要性”或influence“影响”。故填(i)mportance/(i)nfluence。
86．句意：中轴线也显示了中国传统的思想，比如天人合一和遵循秩序。根据“like harmony between man and nature (天人合一) and following order”可知，这是中国传统的思想，idea“想法，概念”，因中国传统思想有很多，空处应用复数形式。故填(i)deas。
87．句意：它的轴向是从南到北，跟经线的方向是一样的。根据“It runs from the south to the north”可知，此处描述中轴线的方向，direction“方向，位置”。故填(d)irection。
（2022·上海普陀·统考二模）Fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给)
Are you animal lovers Would you like to protect animals just like humans Are you willing to spend your time helping animals If you answer “yes” to these questions, you can possibly consider a j 88 in animal care.
Animal rights officers make sure that people treat animals p 89 . They visit homes, places where animals are bought and sold, zoos and animal hospitals. They check to make sure that the animals are getting enough food and they have enough space to climb around. Sometimes an animal rights officer will appear in court(法庭) to protect the rights of an animal.
To be an animal care assistant, you must be in very good health. Sometimes it involves getting animals out of dangerous s 90 . For example, it’s not always easy to get a cat down from a tree. Other times, animal care assistants must take a sick animal to the hospital for treatment. These animals are often in great pain. They are afraid and difficult to catch or c 91 .
An animal d 92 is also called a “vet”. Some vets work for zoos or animals hospitals to make some sick tigers, elephants and horses better. Others treat some sick animals like dogs and cats. They take the animals’ temperature, give injections, and take X-rays for sick animals. They also decide what kind of m 93 a sick animal may need. If an animal weighs too little or looks very w 94 , a vet may use a feeding tube to make sure it gets enough nutrition from food. It takes many years of higher education to become an excellent vet.
【答案】88．(j)ob 89．(p)roperly 90．(s)ituations 91．(c)ontrol 92．(d)octor 93．(m)edicine 94．(w)eak
【导语】本文主要讲述了动物权利官员、动物护理助理、动物医生在保护动物方面应如何去做。
88．句意：如果你对这些问题回答“是”，你可能会考虑从事动物护理工作。根据“An animal...is also called a “vet”.”以及首字母可知，此处是指一种工作，job“工作”，名词；又因空前有冠词“a”，其后跟名词单数形式。故填(j)ob。
89．句意：动物权利官员确保人们正确对待动物。根据“They visit homes, places where animals are bought and sold, zoos and animal hospitals...Sometimes an animal rights officer will appear in court(法庭) to protect the rights of an animal.”和首字母可知，此处是在描述如何正确的对待动物，空处需用副词形式properly“正确地”修饰动词。故填(p)roperly。
90．句意：有时，它涉及到让动物脱离危险的情况。根据“For example, it’s not always easy to get a cat down from a tree. Other times, animal care assistants must take a sick animal to the hospital for treatment.”和首字母可知，此处是指动物危险的情况。situation“情况”，名词。危险的情况不止一种，需用复数形式。故填(s)ituations。
91．句意：他们害怕，很难抓住或控制。根据“They are afraid and difficult to catch or...”和首字母可知，此处是指很难控制。control“控制”，动词；此处连词“or”连接两个动词原形。故填(c)ontrol。
92．句意：动物医生也被称为“兽医”。根据“is also called a “vet”.”以及“Some vets work for zoos or animals hospitals to make some sick tigers,”可知，此处是指动物医生。doctor“医生”，名词。故填(d)octor。
93．句意：他们还决定患病动物可能需要何种药物。根据“a sick animal may need.”和首字母可知。生病的动物需要的是药物。medicine“药物”，名词。故填(m)edicine。
94．句意：如果动物体重太轻或看起来很虚弱，兽医可以使用喂食管来确保它从食物中获得足够的营养。根据“a vet may use a feeding tube to make sure it gets enough nutrition from food.”和首字母可知，此处weak“虚弱的”，形容词符合语境，look后跟形容词作表语。故填(w)eak。
（2022·上海宝山·统考二模）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给)
Since Steve first showed up in The Showroom Tales in 2003, he has been working as an actor for 19 years. Over the past 19 years, Steve produced a large number of excellent w 95 . Although he has never been a big hit, as soon as his familiar face appears on the small screen, a lot of people will r 96 him right away. Even in some audiences’ impressions, as long as he stars in a show, it must be a good one to watch.
Steve knows how to make choice and works very hard to improve his acting skills. He h 97 appears in variety shows (综艺节目). Instead, he spent all his spare time on acting. Sometimes, it took more than half of year for him to shoot (拍摄) only one TV show. But for him, it’s w 98 the time. Steve isn’t the kind of lucky guy who becomes famous at young age. But his hard work has made him more persistent (坚持不懈的) in acting skills. For him, this persistence is a choice. For example, when he was shooting in Korea, he would try to buy the c 99 of a gas station worker, just to make his character feel more like he had really lived there. “To me, persistence means when other people feel unnecessary, you still b 100 that it’s something you must do.” This is how Steve understands the meaning of persistence.
But sometimes, he is so big-hearted, easy-going and free.
There was no special reason for him to be an actor. “It’s just that it grows on me as I have been doing the acting. I never liked acting and had no interest in performing before that, but as I was doing the job, I suddenly realized that when you were walking into another person’s life and another person’s world, what you felt was totally different. I think this process is quite e 101 for actors.” So, he has been doing the acting job for more than ten years.
【答案】95．(w)orks 96．(r)ecognize 97．(h)ardly 98．(w)orth 99．(c)lothes 100．(b)elieve 101．(e)njoyable
【导语】本文讲述演员史蒂夫的故事。史蒂夫做了19年的演员，深受观众的喜欢。他知道如何做出选择，并努力提高自己的演技。他坚持做他认为必须要做的事情， 他心胸开阔、随和、自由。他热爱演戏。
95．句意：在过去的19年里，史蒂夫创作了大量优秀的作品。根据首字母提示和“he has been working as an actor for 19 years”可知，work“作品”符合语境，创作了大量优秀的作品，a large number of后面跟可数名词复数。故填(w)orks。
96．句意：尽管他从来没有大红大紫过，但是一旦他那张熟悉的脸出现在小屏幕上，很多人就会马上认出他来。根据首字母提示和“his familiar face appears on the small screen”可知，recognize“认出，辨别出”符合语境，很多人就会立刻认出他，will后面跟动词原形。故填(r)ecognize。
97．句意：他很少出现在综艺节目中。根据首字母提示和“Instead, he spent all his spare time on acting.”可知，hardly“几乎不，很少”符合语境，意为“在综艺节目中，他几乎不出现”。故填(h)ardly。
98．句意：但对他来说，这是值得的。根据首字母提示和上文“Sometimes, it took more than half of year for him to shoot (拍摄) only one TV show.”可知，worth“值得的”符合语境，意为“他花了半年多的时间只拍摄了一个电视节目是值得的”，be worth“值得……”。故填(w)orth。
99．句意：例如，当他在韩国拍摄时，他会尝试买一个加油站工作人员的衣服，只是为了让他的角色感觉他真的住在那里。根据首字母提示和“buy the ... of a gas station worker”可知，clothes“衣服”符合语境，意为“买加油站工作人员的衣服”。故填(c)lothes。
100．句意：对我来说，坚持意味着当别人觉得不必要时，你仍然相信这是你必须做的事情。根据首字母提示和“To me, persistence means when other people feel unnecessary, you still...that it’s something you must do.”可知，believe“相信”符合语境，此句是一般现在时，主语是第二人称，用动词原形。故填(b)elieve。
101．句意：我认为这个过程对演员来说是非常愉快的。根据上文“I never liked acting and had no interest in performing before that, but as I was doing the job, I suddenly realized that when you were walking into another person’s life and another person’s world, what you felt was totally different.”可知，此句要表达“当你走进另一个人的生活和另一个人的世界，这一过程对演员来说是非常愉快的。”空格处作表语，用形容词，结合首字母提示可知enjoyable“愉快的，形容词”符合题意。故填(e)njoyable。
（2022·上海浦东新·统考模拟预测）Fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给)
As a child, do you dare to be a dreamer Dreamers build bridges between the known and the unknown, and dance their dreams into reality (现实). So why not let your dreams fly
Here is a good choice for you—Make Today Your Dreams Come True Day. If you’ve been putting off realizing your dreams, this day gives you a chance to make a fresh s 102 .
It’s important to dream because dreams can give us the energy to s 103 in life. Dreams can push us forward. The great thing about dreams is that there’s no stress to realize them right away.
It might take a few years or even a lifetime to a 104 them. The important thing is to be always working t 105 your dreams. And the best way to do that is by setting goals.
Dreams can be very general. But the steps you take to reach them should be very detailed. Your dreams tell what you want, but goals show how you’ll get there. That means goal setting is a n 106 step in reaching your dreams.
A lot of great people have spoken about dreams. Someone stressed the importance of working for your dreams. A dream never comes true e 107 , it takes sweat, decision and hard work. A famous author reminded us that dreams have nothing to do with age. It’s never too late to set a 108 goal or to dream a new dream.
If you are dreaming of doing something, please take action right now. Write down your dreams, set your goals, and then you’ll be on your way to make your dreams come true.
【答案】102．(s)tart 103．(s)ucceed 104．(a)chieve 105．(t)oward/(t)owards 106．(n)ecessary 107．(e)asily 108．(a)nother
【导语】本文主要讲述了做伟大的事必须要有伟大的梦想，同时还要付诸行动。
102．句意：如果你一直推迟实现梦想，那么这一天会给你一个重新开始的机会。根据前句“If you’ve been putting off realizing your dreams,”和首字母提示可知，应是会给你一个重新开始的机会，故空处应是start“开始”，可数名词，因空前有a修饰，故名词应用单数形式。故填(s)tart。
103．句意：梦想很重要，因为梦想可以给我们在生活中取得成功的能量。根据前句“It’s important to dream”和首字母提示可知，应是因为梦想可以给我们在生活中取得成功的能量，故空处应是succeed“成功”，动词；根据句子结构可知，空处是动词不定式作定语，to后加动词原形。故填(s)ucceed。
104．句意：实现这些目标可能需要几年甚至一生的时间。根据空前“It might take a few years or even a lifetime”和首字母提示可知，应是实现这些目标可能需要几年甚至一生的时间，故空处应是achieve“实现”，动词；此句为固定句型：It takes (sb.) to do sth.“花费（某人）多长时间干某事”。故填(a)chieve。
105．句意：重要的事情是要一直朝着你的梦想努力。根据空后“your dreams”和首字母提示可知，应是要一直朝着你的梦想努力，故空处应是toward(s)“朝、向”，介词。故填(t)oward(s)。
106．句意：这意味着目标设定是实现梦想的必要步骤。根据前文“Your dreams tell what you want, but goals show how you’ll get there.”语境和首字母提示可知，应是目标设定是实现梦想的必要步骤，故空处应是necessary“必要的”，形容词。故填(n)ecessary。
107．句意：梦想永远不会轻易实现，它需要汗水、决心和努力。根据后句“it takes sweat, decision and hard work.”和首字母提示可知，应是梦想永远不会轻易实现，故空处应是easily“容易地”，副词。故填(e)asily。
108．句意：设定另一个目标或梦想一个新的梦想永远不会太晚。根据空后“or to dream a new dream”和首字母应是可知，应是设定另一个目标永远不会太晚，故空处应是another“另一个”，形容词。故填(a)nother。
（2022·上海杨浦·统考二模）Fill in the blanks with proper words.(在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给。)
We all love travelling to other countries, but how much do we really learn about the places we visit We enjoy the nice v 109 from our hotel room, we look up our guidebook and visit the popular tourist spots, then we return home with happy memories and hundreds of photos! But what’s it l 110 to live and study in another country
Gina Rossi decided to spend a year in the USA as an exchange student. She knew the language would be difficult at first and she knew she would m 111 her family and friends back home, but she wanted to experience the real America.
Gina stayed with a family in Mead, Colorado. “I didn’t want to go to a c 112 ,” she says. Mead is a fairly small town, so it was ideal for her. What was the first thing that she noticed in America “Everything was bigger,” she says. “The houses, the schools, the shops.” Gina found school life difficult at first. The classes in most high schools are very big. You have to be quite i 113 and do almost everything on your own. And of course, everything was in English. But the teachers were excellent and the students were all really friendly. “They soon made me feel at home,” she says. Did anything s 114 her “I was expecting the food to be terrible,” she says. “But the family I stayed with enjoyed cooking, so in fact, it was really nice. In the summer, when the weather was hot, we had a lot of barbecues—I liked those.”
Gina now says that living in a place, rather than visiting as a tourist, is the only way to experience the culture of another country. And her a 115 for others “If you decide to go on an exchange, you should join in with everything to make the most of the experience.” Gina even joined in as a cheerleader for a high school football game—but only once!
【答案】109．(v)iew/(v)iews 110．(l)ike 111．(m)iss 112．(c)ity 113．(i)ndependent 114．(s)urprise 115．(a)dvice
【导语】本文作者通过讲述Gina作为交换生的经历，告诉我们相比旅游而言，生活在另一个国家才是体验当地文化的唯一方式。
109．句意：我们从酒店的房间欣赏美丽的风景，我们查阅旅游指南，参观热门的旅游景点，然后带着快乐的回忆和数百张照片回家！根据“We enjoy the nice...from our hotel room”及首字母提示可知，此处指欣赏美丽的风景，需填一个名词作宾语。view“风景”，可数名词，此处用单复数都可以。故填(v)iew/(v)iews。
110．句意：但是在另一个国家生活和学习是什么感觉呢？根据“But what’s it l...to live...”及首字母提示可知，此处指做某事会是怎么样，“What’s...like”意为“……怎么样”。故填(l)ike。
111．句意：她知道一开始语言会很难懂，她也知道她会思念家乡的家人和朋友，但她想体验真正的美国。根据“Gina Rossi decided to spend a year in the USA as an exchange student.”及首字母提示可知，去美国生活一年，她会思念家乡的亲人和朋友。miss“思念”，动词，情态动词后接动词原形。故填(m)iss。
112．句意：她说：“她不想去城市。”根据“Mead is a fairly small town, so it was ideal for her.”可知，此处指她不想去城市。city“城市”，可数名词，前有不定冠词a，故用单数。故填(c)ity。
113．句意：你必须非常自立，几乎每件事都要自己做。根据“...do almost everything on your own.”可知，几乎每件事都得自己做，所以必须非常自立。quite为副词，所以空处应填形容词independent“自立的”。故填(i)ndependent。
114．句意：有什么事让她惊讶吗？根据下文“I was expecting the food to be terrible,”及“But the family I stayed with enjoyed cooking, so in fact, it was really nice.”可知，这里讲述的是令她惊讶的事，所以空处应为surprise“使惊讶”，动词，助动词后用动词原形。故填(s)urprise。
115．句意：她给别人的建议呢？根据下文“If you decide to go on an exchange, you should join in with everything to make the most of the experience.”可知，这里讲的是Gina给别人的建议，所以空处应为advice“建议”，不可数名词。故填(a)dvice。
（2022秋·上海嘉定·八年级统考期中）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。
As young student, you should be a dreamer. If you don’t have a dream, a plan, or an a 116 , can you know where you want to go We should keep a wonderful dream deep in our hearts. If we stop dreaming, we will close the door to s 117 .
You may have many dreams. They can be very big, such as winning the Nobel Prize; they can be very small, such as becoming one of the top students in your class. However, have you e 118 tried your best to make your dream real
Andrew Matthews, an Australian writer, tells us that making your dreams real is life’s biggest challenge（挑战）. You may think you are not very good at some school s 119 or that to become a writer is difficult for you. In fact, everyone can r 120 his dream. First, remember what your dream is and keep t 121 yourself what you want every day. Small dreams make a big one. Second, never give up your dream. You shouldn’t watch TV. You’d better study instead. It will help you a 122 better grades（分数）.
Life will be more beautiful for the person who dreams and who takes action!
【答案】116．(a)mbition/(a)im 117．(s)uccess 118．(e)ver 119．(s)ubjects 120．(r)ealize 121．(t)elling 122．(a)chieve
【导语】本文讲述了年轻的学生应该有梦想，以及怎样做才能实现他们的梦想。
116．句意：如果你没有梦想、计划或雄心壮志/目标，你能知道你想去哪里吗？an后接可数名词单数。根据“As young students, you should be a dreamer.”和首字母可知ambition“野心；抱负”和aim“目标”都符合。故填(a)mbition/(a)im。
117．句意：如果我们停止梦想，我们就会关上通往梦想的们。根据“If we stop dreaming, we will close the door to s...”可知梦想会通往成功，success表示“成功”。故填(s)uccess。
118．句意：然而，你有没有尽力让你的梦想成真？上文“You may have many dreams. …”谈到你可能有许多梦想，结合转折词“However”可知此句会讲你曾经尽力把它变为现实吗。ever曾经，一般用于现在完成时的一般疑问句中。故填(e)ver。
119．句意：你可能会认为你在学校的某些科目上不是很好，或者成为一名作家对你来说很难。根据空格前“some”可知填可数名词复数。根据上文“such as becoming one of the top students in your class.”提到了尖子生，可知此处讲学校的科目，subject科目，复数是subjects。故填(s)ubjects。
120．句意：事实上，每个人都可以实现他的梦想。情态动词can后接动词原形。根据上文“You may think you are not very good at … to become a writer is difficult for you.”谈到了你可能认为实现梦想很难，可知此句会讲每个人都可以实现他的梦想。realize one’s dream实现梦想。故填(r)ealize。
121．句意：第一，记住你的梦想是什么，每天都告诉自己你想要什么。keep doing sth表示“一直做某事”，根据 “yourself what you want every day”和首字母可知，此处指告诉自己，tell表示“告诉”。故填(t)elling。
122．句意：它会帮助你取得更好的成绩。help sb. do sth.“帮助某人做某事”，上文“You shouldn’t watch TV. You’d better study instead.”谈到了要学习，不要看电视，学习才能取得好成绩。achieve good grades“取得好成绩”，achieve表示“实现，达到，取得”。故填(a)chieve。
（2022秋·上海杨浦·八年级上海同济大学附属存志学校校考期中）Why Is It “Eleven, Twelve” Instead of “Oneteen, Twoteen”
English number words are pretty logical after a point. From twenty-one to ninety-nine, the same principle applies. The units (个位数) f 123 the tens. But the teens are different. Not only does the ten (which is where the word teen comes from) come after the units place (10+7 is not teen-seven but seventeen), eleven and twelve don’t fit in at all.
Eleven and twelve come from the Old English words “endleofan” and “twelf”, which can be traced back further to a time when they were “ain+lif” and “twa+lif”. So what did this “-lif” mean The best guess is that it is from a r 124 for “to leave”. “Ainlif” is “one left (after ten)” and “twalif” is “two left (after ten).”
So then the question is, why don’t we have “threelif”, “fourlif”, “fiflif”, “sixlif” and so on The answer has to do with the development of number systems over history. A long, long time ago, when the number words were first being formed, most people didn’t have much reason to distinguish numbers above ten. In fact, some languages of a 125 cultures only have number words for one, two, and many. So the basic number words up to ten formed first, then they were extended a bit with the“-lif” ending.
Maybe there was a “threelif”, “fourlif” type system, but 11 and 12 were used more often in daily life. Many number systems are based on 12 because it can be divided e 126 by many numbers, such as 2, 3, 4 and 6, and because you can count to 12 on one hand by using your thumb to count the three knuckles (指关节) on each of the other fingers. (We have the word “dozen” because 12 is so useful). If 11 and 12 are being used more frequently, the forms for them will stick, even when another system starts to d 127 .
You can extend that idea to other number words. We have more irregularities of pronunciation in the tens (“twenty”, “thirty”, “fifty” instead of “twoty”, “threety”, “fivety”) because we’ve been making everyday use of those numbers for longer than we have for “two hundred”, “three hundred”, and “five hundred”). “Thousand” is an old word, but its original sense was “a great multitude”. It is not a specific number, but a very useful idea. The words we needed earliest, and used the most frequently are usually the most irregular.
So the short answer is, we created words for 11 and 12 a long time ago by calling them “one left after ten” and “two left after ten”. They were more useful to us than the bigger numbers, so we said them more and they became a h 128 that we couldn’t break.
【答案】123．(f)ollow 124．(r)oot 125．(a)ncient 126．(e)asily 127．(d)evelop 128．(h)abit
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了在英语中数词的发展演变历史。
123．句意：个位数跟着十位数。根据“From twenty-one to ninety-nine, the same principle applies.”并结合首字母可知是个位数跟在十位数后面，故填(f)ollow。
124．句意：最好的猜测是它来自于“leave”的词根。根据“‘Ainlif’ is ‘one left (after ten)’ and ‘twalif’ is ‘two left (after ten).’”和首字母可知人们认为-lif是“leave”的词根，故填(r)oot。
125．句意：事实上，古代文化中的一些语言仅仅有数词一，二和许多。根据“So the basic number words up to ten formed first, then they were extended a bit with the ‘-lif’ ending.”并结合首字母可知在古代文化中只有数词一、二和许多，逐渐发展到十，然后在这些基本数词基础上进一步发展，故填(a)ncient。
126．句意：许多数字系统建立在12的基础上因为它能被容易地分成许多数字，如2，3，4和6。根据“such as 2, 3, 4 and 6”并结合首字母可知应是容易地分成这些数字，此处应用副词修饰动词，故填(e)asily。
127．句意：如果11和12正被频繁地使用，那么它们的形式就将保持不变，甚至当另一个系统开始发展时。根据“If 11 and 12 are being used more frequently, the forms for them will stick”和首字母可知应是即使另一个系统发展起来，由于11和12的频繁使用，它们也会保持不变，故填(d)evelop。
128．句意：所以我们更多地说它们并且它们成为一个不能打破的习惯。根据“If 11 and 12 are being used more frequently, the forms for them will stick”和首字母可知应是长久使用形成习惯。故填(h)abit。
（2022秋·上海杨浦·八年级上海同济大学附属存志学校校考期中）Cows Affect Earth’s Climate
Many scientists believe that Earth is slowly heating up and that greenhouse gases are a likely cause. These gases create a “b 129 ” that traps the sun’s heat in Earth’s atmosphere. As a result, there have been strange weather 中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题03 首字母填空20篇（名校期中及模考真题）（学生版）
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、短文首字母填空
（2022·上海静安·八年级校考期中）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words.
How do you light up the night sky The answer is by using electricity. But did you know that nature can glow, too
Scientists have found many glowing creatures. Most of them live in the ocean. Some use their lights to talk to each other. O 1 use them to hunt or to protect themselves.
Scientists around the world are looking at this kind of light for new i 2 . In 2013, the US company Gleaux said it had created the world’s first light-producing plant. It is a genetically-modified (转基因的) plant. It can glow like a firefly.
Alexander, the company’s founder, and other scientists hope that in the future, glowing plants could r 3 lamps and glowing trees could line highways. Krichevsky a 4 hopes the technology could be used in farming. Farmers could know when their crops need water or are ready to be picked if they glow.
While Gleaux is working o 5 glowing plants, the French company Glowee is trying to use glowing bacteria (细菌) to light up shop windows and street signs.
“Our goal is to learn the way we p 6 and use light,” said Glowee. “We want to help reduce the 19 percent of e 7 consumption (消耗量) that is used to produce light.”
（2022秋·上海普陀·八年级统考期中）Complete the passage with proper words, and the first letter is given (根据首字母填空)
“I still remember the day when we met,” says Alexa Martinez of her best friend Gabby Rivero. “It was in 2014, when we were in high school. Gabby sat in front of me in math class. At first, we didn’t talk m 8 . But later that year, when we were both in the school play, we became friends.”
Like many people, Alexa and Gabby became friends for t 9 main reasons. Research shows that we make friends with people who stay n 10 . (The person might be in a class with you at school or in the same office where you work.) Later, Alexa and Gabby were both in the school play, and they found out a shared interest: acting. If two people have something in common, this also raises the possibility that they will be friends.
To become close friends with another person, though, two other factors are important. First, the two people should be able to share their o 11 thoughts and information with each other. A good friend will also be there to listen and give a hand at times when the other person needs it.
Alexa recalls(回想起) how she and Gabby became close friends. “Acting in the play was really hard,” she says. “There were times when I thought about quitting(放弃). I never told other people this, but I could always talk to Gabby. She was very h 12 . She said things like, ‘Acting is hard, but you’re really good at it. I get nervous, too.’”
Both Alexa and Gabby needed extra practice, so they decided to meet and study their lines together after school. “There was a café where we went every day.” Alexa recalls. “After the school play ended, we c 13 to spend time together and enjoyed ourselves—and even now, we’re still very close.”
（2022秋·上海浦东新·八年级上海市实验学校校考期中）Fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给)
Dear Mr. Costa,
I’m sorry it has taken me so long to write. I’ve been very busy with work and school, but I’ve thought about you o 14 .
How have you been lately Did you have a good Christmas and New Year’s Day Mac says you’ve been working hard at the restaurant and that b 15 is very good. What else have you been doing
I had a s 16 but good vacation. Mac and I went to Chicago for a few days before Christmas, but I had to come back and work between Christmas and New Year’s Day (including Christmas Day and New Year’s Eve)! Every time something like that happens, I w 17 if I really want to work in the hotel.
The other day I was thinking about the fun we u 18 to have in our English lesson. I haven’t seen many of our classmates since the course was over. A 19 , the only one I see very often is Tomiko. I’d really like to get in touch with Franco. Does he ever write to you If so, could you please send me his a 20
Well, Mac and I are going skating and he is waiting for me, so I guess I’d better say goodbye now. Write as soon as you can.
Yours,
Rose
（2022·上海长宁·八年级统考期中）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。
Bridging the Gap
Anytime we need a taxi, we can pull out our phone, tap (轻轻叩击) a few buttons on the screen and a car will show up. It’s awesome (绝妙的), right But what happens to the elderly people who need a taxi ride but don’t know how to use a phone to book one They can only wave at the taxis passing by, many of which have a 21 been booked. I feel terrible every time I go to the hospital with my grandmother. There is always a long q 22 of sick elderly people waiting for taxis. These people probably badly need a taxi. But they cannot get one because they do not know how to use a smartphone.
Over the past ten or so years, technology has advanced quickly. For most of us, it has changed the way we live. Today, shopping, banking and even work can all be done over the internet. However, w 23 many new apps have made life easier for us younger folk, it has made it increasingly difficult for the older generations.
China has now passed a new set of guidelines (指导方针) to keep several basic services balanced between their online and offline availability. However, bridging this “digital gap” needs e 24 effort. Probably anyone over the age of 60, at one time or another, has called their children or grandchildren to ask for help with their smartphones. When they do so, we must be p 25 . What may only take us seconds to master can take them hours to do so, even after repeated instructions. Even then, the smallest mistake will leave them more confused (迷惑的) than before.
The next (1000) time(s) your elders ask you for help with technology, remember who was the person that spent countless hours t 26 you how to talk, walk, eat, etc. The least we can do is repay some of the favor.
（2022·上海·八年级统考期中）在短文的空格内填 入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。
Sometimes we forget that many things we use every day were not always there. They had to be invented. Someone had to have an idea. Then they had to do a lot of experiments with the idea until it worked well. Here are few you might like to read about: In Maine, the northeast of the U. S., winters are long, windy and cold. Every winter, Chester Greenwood’s ears got so cold that they turned colors. When he was 15, Chester got ice skates for his birthday. He wanted to go skating. The cold wind and his frozen ears soon sent him running home. The next day, Chester tied a scarf around his ears. It was w 27 , but too uncomfortable. Then he got a GREAT IDEA．Chester made two oval loops out of wire. He asked his grandmother to sew covers on the ovals. Then she connected the ovals with another wire. The ovals fit over his ears. Chester had invented earmuffs! They saved his ears and made him rich. People in Maine found another way to r 28 Chester. December 21st , the first of winter, is Chester Greenwood Day. Sometimes inventions happen by chance. As a boy, Thomas Alva Edison was called Al. When he was 12 years old, he got his first j 29 . He sold newspaper and candy on the train. One day on the job, he bravely s 30 a boy from being run over by a train. The boy’s father worked a telegraph. Al asked how to run a telegraph. Not only did Al learn the telegraph, but he made a better one. It was one of his earliest GREAT IDEAS. Edison’s new telegraph made a lot of money. Later, he became the first person to o 31 and run an inventions business. He was good at that, too. We could thank Thomas Edison every day. He had many, many GREAT IDEAS such as bulbs, movie cameras, and batteries. Edison is the one who invented more things than a 32 else in the world. So, who knows You might invent something some day!
（2022·上海浦东新·八年级校考期中）My big brother and I were standing at the door to the showroom at Fort Worth Gold and Silver Exchange, the largest, b 33 and most successful jewellery store in Texas.
“I can’t do it, Darren. I can’t face them.”
“It’s just talking to them. It’s not that hard.” said Darren. It was late November 1982 and Christmas music was playing.
“I’m telling you I’m too n 34 ,” I replied.
“You’re just going to have to p 35 ,” said Darren. “The store had started me selling on the phones because it was easier to make people believe that I was older and more experienced.
We called a number and my first real customer pushed her way t 36 the crowd to the front. I still remember that woman. She b 37 a necklace and a pair of earrings. I was shaking as I showed her the goods, shaking as I took her money and still shaking as I called the n 38 customer. But by the e 39 of the day, I could look a shopper in the eye and say, “I’m Clancy. What can I show you ”
（2022·上海松江·统考二模）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给)
Humans have the amazing ability to communicate with each other through language. Human babies can learn any one of thousands of languages. Normally, the first language they learn is the one spoken by their p 40 . There is good evidence (证据) that babies’ brains are already programmed to learn language. For example, they are able to notice the difference between sounds at the age of one month. This has been proved with infants (婴儿) from families who speak d 41 languages.
In an experiment, these babies could tell the difference between sounds even if the babies’ mums and dads never u 42 them. This means that these babies were born with the ability to tell the two sounds apart. Babies also babble (含糊不清说话) in the same language around the world. It doesn’t m 43 whether they are Chinese, Japanese, or American, and their early sounds are the same. Between seven and eight months of age, babies start babbling in syllables. They take the sound “ba” and turn it into “ba-ba-ba.” The babbling sounds they make are common to most languages.
Children usually begin forming words by their first b 44 . Most babies’ first words are for objects which are f 45 to them, such as clothes, foods, toys, animals, and people. When children reach the age of two, they can speak about 270 words. By the time they are six, they can speak about 2,600 words.
Although much r 46 is left to be done in the language field, it seems that learning language is a natural function of the brain. As long as a baby is exposed to (接触) a language, the baby will learn it.
（2022·上海长宁·八年级校考期中）在短文的空格内填入恰当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。
Sissy is an elephant and she was very quiet when she arrived at her new home. The elephant shelters in Tennessee (田纳西州). Like people, elephants are social. They will be happy and h 47 if they live with family and friends.
But Sissy was d 48 . She was not used to other elephants. She had spent 30 years alone in zoos. Now she was suddenly facing a 2,700-acre land with several other elephants. At f 49 , she carried a tire (轮胎) with her e 50 , like a security blanket. That’s what she did in the zoos. But Montgomery, an educator at the shelter, said that the staff wasn’t too worried because it’s elephants’ n 51 to be with family and friends. They believed Sissy would adapt (适应).
Several months later, another elephant—Winky arrived. In no time, Sissy and Winky became friends and were seldom apart. They swam together and had meals together. One day, Sissy w 52 away from her tire. That was a good sign.
Sissy, Winky and all the elephants there were retired or rescued from zoos or circuses. Although they are not from the same family, they can learn to s 53 the same space and many of them become close companions.
（2022·上海崇明·统考模拟预测）Fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给）
The 27-year-old Wu Xiuying is a member of the “Snow Dream” team. During the Winter Olympics, these crew members will p 54 services to passengers traveling between Beijing, Yanqing and Chongli. They have been preparing two years for this big event.
“We have been taking all kinds of classes, including customer service, foreign languages, sign language, winter sports knowledge, etiquette (礼仪) and makeup skills,” said Wu. “The classes ran from 9 a.m to 5 p.m. S 55 there were even night classes. We were busy like students.”
Besides that, they also improved themselves through training. For example, they held a chopstick in their mouths to practise their warmest smiles. They put a piece of paper between their l 56 to practise standing posture. When passengers ask questions about the Olympics, they need to give accurate information. All the e 57 are made to offer the best service.
They also designed and decorated the carriages with snowflakes, Olympics logos, and pictures of winter sports athletes. “Our purpose is to c 58 an atmosphere (氛围) of the Winter Olympics. We did all these by ourselves, and the train is like a home we have built together,” said Wu.
Along the Beijing-Zhangjiakou railway, there are many tunnels through the mountains. Some passengers may feel “ear popping” (耳鸣) when the train runs at high speed. They wonder how to deal with it. To meet people’s n 59 , the “Snow Dream” team made a six-step exercise. Passengers can learn it from the screens on board.
“These days, more and more winter sports lovers take this train to ski in Yanqing and Chongli,” said Wu. “We hope our good service can make their trips h 60 and warm. And of course, we’ll welcome the Winter Olympics with our greatest enthusiasm!”
（2022·上海嘉定·统考模拟预测）Fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给)
Laura, a fourth-grader from Shanghai, enjoyed her vacation this summer. Usually she was attending English or math training courses, but this summer, for most of the time, she played tennis and basketball i 61 .
A newly-introduced instruction(指令) helped Laura enjoy enough f 62 time during the summer. Aiming to reduce the schoolwork on primary and junior high school students, the instruction calls for l 63 homework for students and better quality of education, according to a news report.
According to the report, children below the third grade will not have homework anymore. It should take no more than 90 minutes for junior high school students to finish their homework.
Off-school training centers are not a 64 to offer education courses over their grade level. Training based on subjects will not be offered on weekends, national holidays or during winter and summer vacations.
More than 75 percent of children in Chinese cities from grades 1 to 12 are taking private training courses, a newspaper reported. “Parents are w 65 that if their children start behind, they will stay behind.” said a researcher at South China Normal University. “The instruction aims to calm the parents and society as a whole.”
“But this does not mean the training courses will completely d 66 , since exams still exist,” said an officer. “Therefore, schools should improve their education quality, take the main r 67 for students’ education and not push them into off-school classes.” the officer said.
（2022·上海嘉定·八年级校考期中）The electricity station in our community (社区) happened to be repaired last Saturday, so the workers cut off our electricity that day. We all thought that it must be a very boring day. W 68 electricity, we could do nothing. But it was just the other way around.
After g 69 up in the morning, I started doing the housework myself rather than relying on the electrical machines like the vacuum cleaner. It was a little harder for me to do that job because I didn’t know how to make the dust disappear with the little rag (碎布). However, Mum t 70 me and after I got it, I felt very proud. Second, I went shopping with two friends instead of shopping directly on the Internet. We tried on different kinds of clothes in the shopping mall, enjoyed the whole process and felt very excited. When I returned home, Mum had p 71 a rich dinner and we enjoyed it under the candlelight. What’s more, we didn’t sleep so late as u 72 . We went to bed at 9 p. m. that night and felt very energetic the s 73 day.
（2022秋·上海徐汇·八年级上海市徐汇中学校考期中）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）
Few people in China enjoy storms more than Liu Yijing. Other people may close their windows to block out sounds of the storm. Liu, h 74 , jumps excitedly for each and every storm. More than that, he will then drive i 75 the heart of them.
Since 2020, chasing storms has become a part of Liu’s life. The 21-year-old has travelled a 76 30,000 kilometers across China. He takes photos of storms and shares them online.
The young man has become more and more p 77 . He has been invited to give speeches at universities. CCTV has even begun to use his works. Not long ago, one of his photos was chosen as the cover for Advances in Atmospheric Science (《大气科学进展》).
As a storm photographer, Liu is amazing. But there are o 78 things that make him even more special.
One day, Liu came across a f 79 . The man told him that a storm had damaged (破坏) the local crops. Liu felt sad. He r 80 that the things he loved could also bring damage.
Liu decided to do something. He started to make short videos about extreme weather (极端天气). Many people are now learning new things about the weather from him. “I hope my work can help people better understand nature,” said the storm chaser.
（2022·上海青浦·统考二模）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words. (在短文的空格内填入适当的单词，使内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给)
What comes to your mind when you think of Beijing The Forbidden City Tian’anmen Square The Temple of Heaven
These f 81 landmarks are all located along the central axis (中轴线). As the best preserved area of the old city of Beijing, the central axis is now under consideration for UNESCO’s World Heritage status.
The central axis means the ‘line’ that separates the e 82 and western parts of Beijing. At 7.8 kilometers long, it runs from Yongding Gate in the south to the Bell Tower and Drum Tower in the north. Its building started in the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368), and c 83 in the Qing Dynasty.
The central axis is like the backbone (脊梁) of Beijing. It smartly arranged the palaces, temples, markets and streets in a 84 times.
The central axis shows the traditional Chinese concept of ‘respecting the center’. This stressed the i 85 of imperial power (皇权), as the royal palace would be in the central spot. Other important buildings were placed around it. For example, the Imperial Ancestral Temple was to the east of the Forbidden City, while the Altar of Land and Grain lay to the west.
The central axis also shows traditional Chinese i 86 like harmony between man and nature (天人合一) and following order. It runs from the south to the north, the same as the d 87 of a meridian (经线). The culture that started from the Zhou Dynasty (11th century-256 BC． stressed balance, symmetry (对称) and order. There are lots of symmetric buildings along the axis. The Forbidden City is the most well-known.
‘The unique and magnificent spatial order of Beijing was generated by this central axis,’ said an architect.
（2022·上海普陀·统考二模）Fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给)
Are you animal lovers Would you like to protect animals just like humans Are you willing to spend your time helping animals If you answer “yes” to these questions, you can possibly consider a j 88 in animal care.
Animal rights officers make sure that people treat animals p 89 . They visit homes, places where animals are bought and sold, zoos and animal hospitals. They check to make sure that the animals are getting enough food and they have enough space to climb around. Sometimes an animal rights officer will appear in court(法庭) to protect the rights of an animal.
To be an animal care assistant, you must be in very good health. Sometimes it involves getting animals out of dangerous s 90 . For example, it’s not always easy to get a cat down from a tree. Other times, animal care assistants must take a sick animal to the hospital for treatment. These animals are often in great pain. They are afraid and difficult to catch or c 91 .
An animal d 92 is also called a “vet”. Some vets work for zoos or animals hospitals to make some sick tigers, elephants and horses better. Others treat some sick animals like dogs and cats. They take the animals’ temperature, give injections, and take X-rays for sick animals. They also decide what kind of m 93 a sick animal may need. If an animal weighs too little or looks very w 94 , a vet may use a feeding tube to make sure it gets enough nutrition from food. It takes many years of higher education to become an excellent vet.
（2022·上海宝山·统考二模）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给)
Since Steve first showed up in The Showroom Tales in 2003, he has been working as an actor for 19 years. Over the past 19 years, Steve produced a large number of excellent w 95 . Although he has never been a big hit, as soon as his familiar face appears on the small screen, a lot of people will r 96 him right away. Even in some audiences’ impressions, as long as he stars in a show, it must be a good one to watch.
Steve knows how to make choice and works very hard to improve his acting skills. He h 97 appears in variety shows (综艺节目). Instead, he spent all his spare time on acting. Sometimes, it took more than half of year for him to shoot (拍摄) only one TV show. But for him, it’s w 98 the time. Steve isn’t the kind of lucky guy who becomes famous at young age. But his hard work has made him more persistent (坚持不懈的) in acting skills. For him, this persistence is a choice. For example, when he was shooting in Korea, he would try to buy the c 99 of a gas station worker, just to make his character feel more like he had really lived there. “To me, persistence means when other people feel unnecessary, you still b 100 that it’s something you must do.” This is how Steve understands the meaning of persistence.
But sometimes, he is so big-hearted, easy-going and free.
There was no special reason for him to be an actor. “It’s just that it grows on me as I have been doing the acting. I never liked acting and had no interest in performing before that, but as I was doing the job, I suddenly realized that when you were walking into another person’s life and another person’s world, what you felt was totally different. I think this process is quite e 101 for actors.” So, he has been doing the acting job for more than ten years.
（2022·上海浦东新·统考模拟预测）Fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给)
As a child, do you dare to be a dreamer Dreamers build bridges between the known and the unknown, and dance their dreams into reality (现实). So why not let your dreams fly
Here is a good choice for you—Make Today Your Dreams Come True Day. If you’ve been putting off realizing your dreams, this day gives you a chance to make a fresh s 102 .
It’s important to dream because dreams can give us the energy to s 103 in life. Dreams can push us forward. The great thing about dreams is that there’s no stress to realize them right away.
It might take a few years or even a lifetime to a 104 them. The important thing is to be always working t 105 your dreams. And the best way to do that is by setting goals.
Dreams can be very general. But the steps you take to reach them should be very detailed. Your dreams tell what you want, but goals show how you’ll get there. That means goal setting is a n 106 step in reaching your dreams.
A lot of great people have spoken about dreams. Someone stressed the importance of working for your dreams. A dream never comes true e 107 , it takes sweat, decision and hard work. A famous author reminded us that dreams have nothing to do with age. It’s never too late to set a 108 goal or to dream a new dream.
If you are dreaming of doing something, please take action right now. Write down your dreams, set your goals, and then you’ll be on your way to make your dreams come true.
（2022·上海杨浦·统考二模）Fill in the blanks with proper words.(在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给。)
We all love travelling to other countries, but how much do we really learn about the places we visit We enjoy the nice v 109 from our hotel room, we look up our guidebook and visit the popular tourist spots, then we return home with happy memories and hundreds of photos! But what’s it l 110 to live and study in another country
Gina Rossi decided to spend a year in the USA as an exchange student. She knew the language would be difficult at first and she knew she would m 111 her family and friends back home, but she wanted to experience the real America.
Gina stayed with a family in Mead, Colorado. “I didn’t want to go to a c 112 ,” she says. Mead is a fairly small town, so it was ideal for her. What was the first thing that she noticed in America “Everything was bigger,” she says. “The houses, the schools, the shops.” Gina found school life difficult at first. The classes in most high schools are very big. You have to be quite i 113 and do almost everything on your own. And of course, everything was in English. But the teachers were excellent and the students were all really friendly. “They soon made me feel at home,” she says. Did anything s 114 her “I was expecting the food to be terrible,” she says. “But the family I stayed with enjoyed cooking, so in fact, it was really nice. In the summer, when the weather was hot, we had a lot of barbecues—I liked those.”
Gina now says that living in a place, rather than visiting as a tourist, is the only way to experience the culture of another country. And her a 115 for others “If you decide to go on an exchange, you should join in with everything to make the most of the experience.” Gina even joined in as a cheerleader for a high school football game—but only once!
（2022秋·上海嘉定·八年级统考期中）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。
As young student, you should be a dreamer. If you don’t have a dream, a plan, or an a 116 , can you know where you want to go We should keep a wonderful dream deep in our hearts. If we stop dreaming, we will close the door to s 117 .
You may have many dreams. They can be very big, such as winning the Nobel Prize; they can be very small, such as becoming one of the top students in your class. However, have you e 118 tried your best to make your dream real
Andrew Matthews, an Australian writer, tells us that making your dreams real is life’s biggest challenge（挑战）. You may think you are not very good at some school s 119 or that to become a writer is difficult for you. In fact, everyone can r 120 his dream. First, remember what your dream is and keep t 121 yourself what you want every day. Small dreams make a big one. Second, never give up your dream. You shouldn’t watch TV. You’d better study instead. It will help you a 122 better grades（分数）.
Life will be more beautiful for the person who dreams and who takes action!
（2022秋·上海杨浦·八年级上海同济大学附属存志学校校考期中）Why Is It “Eleven, Twelve” Instead of “Oneteen, Twoteen”
English number words are pretty logical after a point. From twenty-one to ninety-nine, the same principle applies. The units (个位数) f 123 the tens. But the teens are different. Not only does the ten (which is where the word teen comes from) come after the units place (10+7 is not teen-seven but seventeen), eleven and twelve don’t fit in at all.
Eleven and twelve come from the Old English words “endleofan” and “twelf”, which can be traced back further to a time when they were “ain+lif” and “twa+lif”. So what did this “-lif” mean The best guess is that it is from a r 124 for “to leave”. “Ainlif” is “one left (after ten)” and “twalif” is “two left (after ten).”
So then the question is, why don’t we have “threelif”, “fourlif”, “fiflif”, “sixlif” and so on The answer has to do with the development of number systems over history. A long, long time ago, when the number words were first being formed, most people didn’t have much reason to distinguish numbers above ten. In fact, some languages of a 125 cultures only have number words for one, two, and many. So the basic number words up to ten formed first, then they were extended a bit with the“-lif” ending.
Maybe there was a “threelif”, “fourlif” type system, but 11 and 12 were used more often in daily life. Many number systems are based on 12 because it can be divided e 126 by many numbers, such as 2, 3, 4 and 6, and because you can count to 12 on one hand by using your thumb to count the three knuckles (指关节) on each of the other fingers. (We have the word “dozen” because 12 is so useful). If 11 and 12 are being used more frequently, the forms for them will stick, even when another system starts to d 127 .
You can extend that idea to other number words. We have more irregularities of pronunciation in the tens (“twenty”, “thirty”, “fifty” instead of “twoty”, “threety”, “fivety”) because we’ve been making everyday use of those numbers for longer than we have for “two hundred”, “three hundred”, and “five hundred”). “Thousand” is an old word, but its original sense was “a great multitude”. It is not a specific number, but a very useful idea. The words we needed earliest, and used the most frequently are usually the most irregular.
So the short answer is, we created words for 11 and 12 a long time ago by calling them “one left after ten” and “two left after ten”. They were more useful to us than the bigger numbers, so we said them more and they became a h 128 that we couldn’t break.
（2022秋·上海杨浦·八年级上海同济大学附属存志学校校考期中）Cows Affect Earth’s Climate
Many scientists believe that Earth is slowly heating up and that greenhouse gases are a likely cause. These gases create a “b 129 ” that traps the sun’s heat in Earth’s atmosphere. As a result, there have been strange weather patterns around the world, such as storms and melting polar ice. The greenhouse gases include carbon dioxide, emitted (散发) by decaying trees and certain burning fuels in cars and power plants. Methane is another greenhouse gas.
The problem with greenhouse gases is that their molecules (分子) easily absorb radiation (热辐射) from the sun, and they hold onto the radiation. Methane is a particularly problematic gas because each of its molecules traps t 130 more heat than a molecule of carbon dioxide. During the past 100 years, the amount of methane in Earth’s atmosphere has risen by 145 percent, and it’s possible that it will continue to rise f 131 . So, where does the methane come from Animals cause a lot of it!
Many people believe that cows are adding more pollution to the environment than cars, surprisingly. When an animal eats, bacteria b 132 down the food inside its gut. This forms methane, an invisible gas. Nearly all animals r 133 this gas, often by burping. Worldwide, 28 percent of all methane that enters the atmosphere comes from livestock (牲畜). One of the worst offenders is cows. There are 1.5 billion cows worldwide. Due to the fact that methane holds more h 134 than carbon dioxide, it’s no wonder that people are blaming cows!
Although these facts are startling, there is hope that we can cut down on the amount of methane gas. E 135 have shown that a type of red seaweed can be dried and added to cow feed. When only a small amount of seaweed is added to the cow feed, the cow does not n 136 it. Still, this small percentage makes a huge difference, cutting the cow’s methane production by 70 percent. And, cows that consume this seaweed are healthier, too.
If people rely on this seaweed as a final s 137 , there is only one problem-there isn’t enough of it in the sea at the present time. Right now, all the red seaweed is picked by divers by hand. This is simply the start of seaweed farming. T 138 , it may take decades to increase the amount of seaweed readily available to farmers for their gassy cows. Still, it’s a relief to know that scientists are constantly working to address this issue.
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