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答题技巧-阅读
主讲:
考纲要求：
1.能掌握所读材料的主旨大意，了解说明主旨大意的事实和细节
2.既理解字面意义,又能根据所读材料进行判断和推理
3.既理解个别句子的意义，也理解上下文的逻辑关系
4.阅读中根据需要自觉调整阅读速度和阅读技巧
常考体裁 常考话题
记叙文 科学技术、政治经济
说明文 社会文化、风俗习惯
议论文 教育教学、幽默笑话
题型判断
（一）细节题
（一）o1事实细节-出题形式
The study at Zhejiang University found that...
What does minimalism go against
We can see that children under 17 in the UK...
What is the key to Baldwin’s success in the game
More and more over-55s in the UK are joining social media sites to ...
（一）细节题-事实细节-答题策略
（1）在题干或选项中找关键词（黄金三角法则）
（2）以关键词为中心点，定位到原文前后两到三句话。
（3）对比选项，重点关注同义转述
小贴士：
（1）原词复现。
（2）同义词、近义词的表达复现。
（3）反义词复现。
（4）同源词复现。
（5）上义词复现。
Example 1
Baldwin is president of the World Rock Paper Scissors Association. He has played in and hosted competitions all around the globe. He once had a 43-game winning streak. What is the secret to his success “Look for patterns in either your opponent’s moves or behavior,” he says. As all serious rock, paper, scissors players know, there is more to the game than luck.
What is the key to Baldwin’s success in the game
A. Praying for good luck.
B.Imitating his rival’s moves.
C.Figuring out his rival’s patterns.
D. Making friends with his opponent.
√
Example 2
The hiring process may be different from one company to another. Nevertheless, the goal is the same-get the candidate who is the best fit for the position. Even so, how to choose that person Here are some best practices used by industry leaders to attract the best talent for the job. In particular, these are the new trends in the hiring process to be prepared for when you have a job interview.
What is the goal of a job interview for a company
A. To change the hiring process.
B. To discuss some best practices.
C. To find the right person for a job.
D. To attract more industry leaders.
√
（一）02判断是非-答题策略
（1）在题干或选项中找关键词(黄金三角）
（2）以关键词为中心点，定位到原文前后两到三句话。
（3）对比选项，重点关注同义转述。
小贴士：
（1）注意题干中的except,NOT true...
（2）巧合用排除法
Example 1
In those days, the only division of time was the month, and there were too many days in the month for each of them to have a separate name. But when men began to build cities, they wanted to have a special day on which to trade, a market day. Sometimes these market days were fixed at every tenth day, sometimes every seventh or every fifth day. The Babylonians decided that it should be every seventh day. On this day, they didn't work, but met for trade and religious festivals.
Which of the following is true for those earlier times
A. It became necessary for each day to have a separate name when men began to build cities.
B. There were so many days in the month that it was impossible for each day to have it‘s own name
C.At that time the day that got a name was called a market day.
D. The Babylonians decided people must work on a market day.
√
（二）03现象原因-答题策略
现象原因类
The author argues that ... because _______.
Why...
(1) 标志词：because (of), why, because,thanks to, contribute to, lead to, cause, result in, account for, so that, ...
(2)读题干看结果--关键词定位--找原因（前后一句话）
(3) 对比选项，重点关注词汇复现。
Example
Peter, 38 and a father of two teenagers, reports that he used to be on his phone or laptop constantly.'I was always connected and I felt like I was always working," he says.“How could I tell my kids to get off their phones if i was always in front of a screen myself ’’Thus, in the evenings and at weekends, he takes his SIM card out of his smartphone and puts it into an old-style mobile phone that can only make calls and send text messages."“I'm not completely cut off from the world in case of emergencies, but the important thing is that I'm setting a better example for my kids and spending more quality time with them.
Why does Peter use an old-style mobile phone in the evenings and at weekends
A. He tries to be a model for his kids.
B. He thinks it is convenient to do so.
C. He needs to make an emergency call.
D.He wants to be cut off from the world.
√
（二）主旨题
（二）主旨题：包含中心或主旨的句子-
答题策略
（1）主旨题最后作答
（2）着重理解首末段，首末句
（3）如果段落中间出现意思转折，则转折后的是主旨
（4）作者反复重复的观点是主旨
（5）有些文章多个段落的主题不完全相同，应该选择涉及最多的选项。
（6）表示细节的选项大多都不是主旨题的正确选项。
Example 1
Americans might be embarrassed because their Japanese friends are so formal with them.
Japanese might feel insulted because American acquaintances greet them casually. Still, the forms of greeting in both countries only show respect for others. It just happens that Americans and Japanese have a different way of looking at human relationships and thus have a different way of showing respect.
This passage mainly tells us ______.
A. how Americans show respect to others
B. how Japanese show respect to their American acquaintances
C. Americans and Japanese have different ways of showing respect
D. Japanese are not satisfied with American casual behavior
√
A、干扰项 可能属文中某个具体事实或细节。
B、干扰项 可能属从文中某些 (不完全的) 事实或细节片面推出的错误结论。
C、干扰项 可能属非文章事实的主观臆断。
D、正确项 是根据文章意思全面理解而归纳概括出来的；但不能太笼统、
言过其实或以偏概全。
主旨题小结
（三）含义题-出题形式
1. 词义猜测
◇ What does the underlined word “...” in the first paragraph mean
◇ Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the underlined word
◇ The underlined word “...” most probably means ______.
◇ The underlined word “...” could best be replaced by ______.
◇ According to the passage, the underlined word “...” is the closest in meaning to “______“
2. 指代内容
◇ The underlined word “it” in the passage refers to ______.
Example 1
Also, employers want to make sure that candidates provide new viewpoints for the company. Before they hire someone, they think about the diversity of viewpoints that the candidate can bring to the company. Be prepared to share how you can add value to the company through your own unique perspective and how you will help the company solve problems creatively.
What is the meaning of the underlined word “diversity”in Paragraph 4
A. variety(多样性） B.value(价值）
C.division（分配） D.necessity（必要性）
√
Example 2
Sheila, aged 59, says, joined to see what my grandchildren are doing, as my daughter posts videos and photos of them. it's a much better way to see what they're doing than waiting for letters and photos in the post.That's how we did it when I was a child, but I think I'm lucky I get to see so much more of their lives than my grandparents did.”
The underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 means______
A.it was boring to wait for letters and photos
B. it was good for kids to post letters and photos
C. they used to wait for letters and photos in the post
D. they were fond of hearing from their grandparents
√
（四）推断题
1. 态度推断
◇ What is the tone/mood of the passage
◇ The author’s attitude towards...might be summarized as/seems to be ______.
◇ Which of the following can best describe the attitude of the author towards...
2. 细节推断
◇ The last sentence of the first paragraph most probably implies that ______.
◇ What does the image that the author presents to her students suggest
◇ The statement suggests/implies that ______.
3. 结论推断
◇ It can be inferred/concluded that...
◇ Which of the following conclusions can we draw according to the passage
◇ We can learn/know from the passage that...
Example 2
But Catherine Winter, managing director of financial capability at The London Institute of Banking and Finance, warns that while digital tools can help, there needs to be a more structdred approach to financial education. The area should 'have regular classroom time and should be taught as a separate subject,” she says.“Children would then have the right context and foundation to get the most out of both the apps and their money.”
What does Catherine Winter suggest regarding financial education
A. It should be well organized.
B. It should be done in cyberspace.
C. It should be provided by parents.
D. It should be a self-taught subject.
√
本章小结
答题策略
1
根据不同题型确定做题方法
看题干，定题型
3
把选项与原文内容对应，并选择正确答案
对照选项，选出答案
2
回到文章，精读前后两句
根据题干定位关键句

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