资源简介 常州市联盟学校2023—2024学年度第一学期学情调研高三年级英语试卷出卷老师：姜达娣 审卷老师：岳瑛 考试时间120分钟本试卷共四大题 满分150分第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】When does the lecture finish A. At about 5 p.m. B. At about 4 p.m. C. At about 3 p.m.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M: When does the lecture begin W: I think it starts at three in the afternoon.M: It finishes at four right I have a meeting then.W: No, this one lasts for two hours. You’ll have to reschedule your four o’clock appointment.2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the woman ask the boy to take A. A coat. B. Boots. C. A T-shirt.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W: Now, let’s get some clothes together for your trip.M: OK, Mum. Well, I’ll need my walking boots for a start. Oh, and my red T-shirt.W: Forget the T-shirt. You need a thick coat.The forecast says it’s going to snow.3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What happened to Larry last night A. He couldn’t find his hotel.B. He was caught in the rain.C. He fell into water.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M: I saw Larry last night. He was looking very wet.W: But it wasn’t raining last night.M: Well, he hadn’t seen the hotel swimming pool and had fallen in with his clothes on.4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Where will the woman go tomorrow night A. To the man’s house. B. To a cinema. C. To a restaurant.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M: Hi, Beth. My family and I are having a few people over for dinner tomorrow night. We might watch a movie. Can you come W: Sure. I’d love to come. That’d be more fun than eating restaurant alone.5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What are the speakers mainly talking about A. A house. B. An office. C. A shopping center.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W: How about this one It has two bedrooms with a big garden.M: Well, it doesn’t matter. I just care about where it is.W: It’s not far from your office. And there are many restaurants, and a big shopping center nearby.第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6. What does the woman want the man to do A. Type out her report. B. Repair her keyboard. C. Look for her keys.7. What will the woman do next A Have some juice. B. Pick up her friend. C. Go shopping.【答案】6. B 7. C【解析】【原文】M: Good morning! Is there anything I can do for you W: I made my keyboard wet when I had some juice today, and now the keys are stuck. I can’t type up my report.M: I see.W: So how soon would you be able to fix it M: Well, we’re not too busy right now. Why don’t you just wait and we can probably repair it for you within 30 minutes.W: Actually, I have to do some shopping with my friend. I’ll just come back and pick up the keyboard when I’m done.M: That’s OK.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8. Where are the speakers A. At home. B. At a bus stop. C. In the Book Building.9. What did the man do yesterday evening A. He watched TV. B. He had a match. C. He bought a guide.10. Which bus will the speakers take A. No. 29. B. No. 37. C. No. 52.【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C【解析】【原文】W:Dad, do you know which bus we should take M: Er, let me check the bus guide first.W:Be quick, please.M:Why can’t I find the bus your mother told me yesterday evening W:Mum told you the directions three times.M:But I was watching an NBA match on TV at that time. And it was a really exciting one.W: We need to ask someone. Here come Bus No.29 and Bus No.37.M: Oh, I got it on the guide. We need to take Bus No. 52 to go to the Book Building. Here it is coming. Linda, come on. Let’s go.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11. What is the purpose of the call A. To arrange a tour. B. To book a room. C. To confirm a reservation.12. What does the woman request A. A wake-up call. B. A special menu. C. A room with a view.13. How can guests receive a free meal A. By reserving accommodations online.B. By staying a minimum of three nights.C. By making a booking during the off season.【答案】11. B 12. C 13. B【解析】【原文】M: Hi, you have reached the front desk of Cozy Hotel. How may I help you W: I’m interested in booking a room for next Friday. Are there any with an ocean view available M: I will check for you. Yes, it looks like there’s one available on the ninth floor. How many nights do you plan to stay You know,it is off season now, and we are offering a promotion right now.If you stay at least three nights you’ll receive a free breakfast or lunch.And there is a special menu at our restaurant.You just need to order it online.W: That sounds like a great deal, but my meeting will last only two days. So I’ll only need two nights.M:Do you need any wake-up call W: No.Thanks,anyway.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14. When was the youth club formed A. In 2015. B. In 2008. C. In 2006.15. What is Matthew A. An engineer. B. A teacher. C. A student.16. For what did Matthew’s club raise money A. A school. B. A park. C. A hospital.【答案】14. B 15. C 16. C【解析】【原文】W: Today in the studio we have Matthew who recently won the prize for running a youth club. So Matthew, how did it all start M: I used to be a member of the youth club when I was a student at the school there.W: When did you first join the club M:In 2015.But the club has been running for more man 10 years. It was started in 2008.W: You’ve become a leader at the club. But yon are also studying at college.M: Yes. I am studying engineering. After graduation, I want to build bridges actually. I now teach the guitar at the club on Saturday afternoons.W:Great. You won the prize because you helped a local hospital, right M:Yes. We did lots of different things to rise money, like we baked cakes to sell at the school. The greatest thing we did was a car wash at the park. We washed over 500 cars.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17. Where is Kakadu National Park A. In Australia. B. In Austria. C. In Belgium.18. How did the speaker feel after the Yellow Water Cruise A. Pleased. B. Disappointed. C. Worried.19. Why did the speaker buy the Sunrise & Sunset ticket online A. It was easy. B. It was cheap. C. It was popular.20. What impressed the speaker most during the Yellow Water Cruise A. Kakadu Culture Camp. B. Sunrise & Sunset. C. Azure Kingfisher.【答案】17. A 18. A 19. B 20. C【解析】【原文】W: There is nowhere else on Earth like Kakadu National Park in the northern area of Australia. The moment you drive through its gate you are entering an ancient area full of wildlife — a place for the 500 species of birds and animals to live. Here, in this vast area of land, the size of Belgium, or half of the size of Austria, you will see sights that will take your breath away.There’s loads to do and it’s not easy to choose.Kakadu Culture Camp was a good choice, but we finally decided on the Yellow water Cruise, which is more popular. It was a wonderful experience and probably the best attraction in Kakadu National Park. We were highly impressed we had just returned from Kruger National Park in South Africa and were worried the experience wouldn’t be so good. Happily, the Yellow water Cruise was surely the highlight of Kakadu. We bought the Sunrise & Sunset ticket from the website, as they were offering a low price. During the tour of the Yellow Water Cruise, there were only 6 people on the boat, so we could easily walk around and take pictures of various fish and active bird life which exists in the wet season. We saw loads of fresh and saltwater fish and an endless list of bird life. And the prettiest is the Azure Kingfisher, a brightly-colored bird hunting fish, which is the most impressive part of the tour.第二部分 阅读 (共两节, 满分50分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AMembershipUniversity of Johannesburg staff and registered students in possession of a valid University card qualify for membership of the UJ Library.Access to facilities and services1 Clients have access to all Campus Libraries on presentation of their own university card.2. Books are issued to clients on the presentation of their own university card.3. Lost cards must immediately be reported in writing to the Team Leader: Lending Services at the Campus Library or to the Campus Librarian.Library hoursLibrary hours are revised annually and made available on the UJ Library web page. Campus libraries will be closed on public holidays.Rules of conduct1. Behavior which disrupts the activities of the Library or affects the right to a quiet and orderly work and study environment of other library clients is not permitted.2. Smoking is not permitted anywhere in the Library or within a seven-meter radius (半径) of the Library entrance.3. Books, other library materials, equipment or facilities may not be defaced, damaged or stolen.4. Cell phones must be on silent in the Library.5. Use of the computers in the Library is subject to time limits during peak usage periods.In addition, clients may NOT:a) link any device to the network without the written approval of the Information Technology Division;b) remove or exchange computer equipment without the written approval of the Information Technology Division.21. What is this text mainly about A. The UJ Library regulations.B. The UJ Library computer use rules.C. The guidelines for the UJ Library staff.D. The register information of the UJ Library.22. What should a client do if his university card is missing A. Use his ID card instead.B. Report to the police station.C. Inform the loss to the Library.D. Revise his register information.23. Which of the following is forbidden according to the text A. Shutting down one’s mobile phone.B. Using the computers in the Library.C. Linking disks to the Library network secretly.D. Keeping an orderly work and study environment.【答案】21. A 22. C 23. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了约翰内斯堡大学图书馆的规章制度，包括入会资格、方式和享受待遇等等。【21题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“University of Johannesburg staff and registered students in possession of a valid University card qualify for membership of the UJ Library. (持有有效大学卡的约翰内斯堡大学员工和注册学生有资格成为约翰内斯堡大学图书馆的会员。)”以及三个小标题“Access to facilities and services (使用设施和服务)”、“Library hours (图书馆开放时间)”和“Rules of conduct (行为准则)”可推断，文章主要介绍了约翰内斯堡大学图书馆的规章制度。故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“Access to facilities and services (使用设施和服务)”部分中的“Lost cards must immediately be reported in writing to the Team Leader: Lending Services at the Campus Library or to the Campus Librarian. (遗失的借阅卡必须立即书面报告给校园图书馆借阅服务处组长或校园图书管理员。)”可知，如果借阅卡遗失，应该立刻告知图书馆的服务处组长或校园图书管理员。故选C。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据“Rules of conduct (行为准则)”部分中的“link any device to the network without the written approval of the Information Technology Division (未经信息技术部书面批准，将任何设备连接到网络)”可知，选项C“Linking disks to the Library network secretly (将磁盘秘密连接到图书馆网络)”是禁止的。故选C。BCampaigners have been promoting the idea of purchasing local food recently, with the argument that it can reduce “food miles,” referring to the distance food travels from the producer to the shop owner. The greater the food miles, the higher the carbon emissions. Therefore, buying local food results in a lower carbon footprint and is considered more environmentally friendly.Nonetheless, the actual situation is more complex than it appears. Importantly, imported food often possesses a lower carbon footprint compared to locally grown alternatives. Consider apples, for instance. Local apples in Britain, bought during winter or spring, have usually been stored in refrigeration for months, consuming substantial energy. In contrast, importing apples from New Zealand during their natural season, in spring, is more energy-efficient. Similarly, producing tomatoes in heated greenhouses in the UK has a greater environmental impact than importing them from Spain, where the climate favors their growth.Additionally, the mode of transportation plays a significant role. Food transported by air tends to generate higher emissions. However, only a limited selection of items are flown to consumer countries, usually high-value and perishable goods that cannot be locally produced. Even in these cases, the carbon footprint of these foods may not surpass that of locally grown alternatives. For example, beans flown in from Kenya are cultivated in sunny fields using natural fertilizers, in contrast to Britain’s reliance on oil-based fertilizers and machinery.It is crucial to acknowledge that a product’s journey extends beyond the supermarket. Driving long distances to shop for food can offset any environmental benefits gained from buying locally grown produce. Moreover, opting for local over imported food can negatively impact people in developing countries who rely on selling their produce overseas for their livelihoods.Some supermarkets have recently attempted to raise awareness about food miles by labeling products to indicate air transportation. However, this message oversimplifies a food’s carbon footprint, which is influenced by various factors. Even if we exclusively purchase locally grown, in-season food, ethical concerns remain, potentially limiting dietary choices and affecting us all.24. Why might choosing imported apples in the UK during spring be a favorable option A. It supports local farmers.B. It minimizes energy consumption.C. It offers cost-efficiency and convenience.D. It significantly reduces carbon emissions.25. According to the author, what should readers consider avoiding A. Purchasing tomatoes imported from Spain.B. Providing assistance to farmers in impoverished nations.C. Buying beans transported by air from Kenya.D. Undertaking long journeys to buy locally sourced food.26. What is the author’s perspective on labeling food products A. It facilitates ethical shopping decisions.B. It fails to provide a comprehensive and accurate portrayal.C. It elevates awareness of environmental concerns.D. It offers precise product information.27. What is the primary objective of this text A. To resolve a particular issue.B. To make a forward-looking projection.C. To challenge a prevalent belief.D. To interpret an observed phenomenon.【答案】24. D 25. D 26. B 27. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们曾以为购买当地食品的碳足迹更低，被认为更环保，然而研究表明并非如此。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Importantly, imported food often possesses a lower carbon footprint compared to locally grown alternatives. Consider apples, for instance. Local apples in Britain, bought during winter or spring, have usually been stored in refrigeration for months, consuming substantial energy. In contrast, importing apples from New Zealand during their natural season, in spring, is more energy-efficient. (重要的是，与本地种植的替代品相比，进口食品通常具有更低的碳足迹。以苹果为例。在冬季或春季购买的英国本地苹果，通常要在冰箱里存放数月，消耗大量能源。相比之下，在春天的自然季节从新西兰进口苹果更加节能。)”可知，春天在英国选择进口苹果通常具有更低的碳足迹。故选D。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Driving long distances to shop for food can offset any environmental benefits gained from buying locally grown produce.(开车长途购买食物可以抵消购买当地种植的农产品所带来的任何环境效益。)”可知，如果开车长途购买食物，那么对环境的影响会抵消购买当地种植的农产品所带来的任何环境效益。所以，这样的行为应该避免。故选D。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Some supermarkets have recently attempted to raise awareness about food miles by labeling products to indicate air transportation. However, this message oversimplifies a food’s carbon footprint, which is influenced by various factors.(一些超市最近试图通过在产品标签上标明航空运输的方式来提高人们对食品里程的认识。然而，这一信息过于简化了食物的碳足迹，它受到各种因素的影响。)”，可推断，作者认为食品标签并没有提供一个全面而准确的描述。故选B。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Campaigners have been promoting the idea of purchasing local food recently, with the argument that it can reduce "food miles," referring to the distance food travels from the producer to the shop owner. The greater the food miles, the higher the carbon emissions. Therefore, buying local food results in a lower carbon footprint and is considered more environmentally friendly.(最近，活动人士一直在推广购买当地食物的想法，他们认为这样可以减少“食物里程”，即食物从生产者到店主之间的距离。食物距离越远，碳排放量就越高。因此，购买当地食品的碳足迹更低，被认为更环保。)”可知，人们认为购买当地食品的碳足迹更低，被认为更环保。而文章第二段“Nonetheless, the actual situation is more complex than it appears. Importantly, imported food often possesses a lower carbon footprint compared to locally grown alternatives.(尽管如此，实际情况比看起来要复杂得多。重要的是，与本地种植的替代品相比，进口食品通常具有更低的碳足迹。)”则直接反驳了这一观点。再结合全文内容可知，文章主要目的是质疑了一种普遍的想法。故选C。CPlant-based leathers have the potential to revolutionize the fashion industry. Now, MycoWorks, a California based biotech company, has created a new eco-friendly, vegetal leather derived from mushrooms. The leather turns mycelium (菌丝体)—threads from the root structure of mushrooms—into a material that imitates the look and feel of an animal-based leather.“It’s the first time that a company has been able to produce a vegetal product which is matching or even exceeding the quality and durability of a natural one. It’s a super achievement,” Patrick Thomas, former Hermés CEO and a member of MycoWorks board of directors, said in a statement.MycoWorks creates this special material by using engineered mycelium cells. As the cells grow into 3D structures, they become densely intertwined (交织的), eventually forming a tough material, called Fine Mycelium, which has the strength, durability and performance of the traditional leather. The result differs from other vegetal leathers made with mushrooms. Most mushroom leathers are made from compressed solid foam that mycelium forms naturally, but without engineering, they lack the same look and feel as an animal-based leather.Fine Mycelium can grow in trays (托盘). These trays can be designed to fit a designer’s exact specifications, avoiding any waste. After Fine Mycelium is harvested, it is tanned (鞣色) and finished to look and feel like an animal leather.Last year, luxury fashion brand Hermés debuted their Victoria bag, which featured MycoWork’s Fine Mycelium material. Other companies, including Adidas with their Mylo-made Stan Smith shoes and Lululemon with their mushroom-based yoga products, have also jumped on the eco-friendly trend.The use of plant-based leathers comes during a time when scientists and innovators are trying to come up with solutions for the climate crisis and animal agriculture. Environmentally, manufacturing animal-based leathers creates havoc because of deforestation and methane emissions connected to the animals raised for leathers.However, some experts criticize the new mushroom-based leather because it is currently only available as a rare item. For the material to be a truly sustainable option and make a major impact, it would need to be more accessible. They question whether the company can provide designers with enough material to create their products.28. What is special about MycoWorks’ new leather A. It is the first to be made from mycelium.B. It is an eco-friendly and vegetal produce.C. It is the first-ever mushroom-based leather.D. It is comparable with the animal-based leather.29. What can we learn from the text A. MycoWorks has been partly financed by Hermés.B. MycoWorks’ new leather has made a high fashion debut.C. Trays are needed when designers deal with Fine Mycelium.D. 3D technology is used when MycoWorks creates its new leather.30. What does the underlined part “havoc” in Paragraph 6 probably mean A. Chaos. B. Harmony.C. Evolution. D. Fortune.31. Which of the following do some experts concern most A. The price of the new leather. B. The supply of the new leather.C. The quality of the new leather. D. The durability of the new leather.【答案】28. D 29. B 30. A 31. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了总部位于加州的生物技术公司MycoWorks从蘑菇中提取出了一种新的环保植物皮革。这种皮革将菌丝体转化为一种模仿动物皮革外观和触感的材料。28题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段““It’s the first time that a company has been able to produce a vegetal product which is matching or even exceeding the quality and durability of a natural one. It’s a super achievement,” Patrick Thomas, former Hermés CEO and a member of MycoWorks board of directors, said in a statement.(“这是第一次有公司能够生产出与天然产品相匹配甚至超过其质量和耐用性的植物产品。这是一项超级成就，” Hermés前首席执行官、MycoWorks董事会成员Patrick Thomas在一份声明中说。)”可知，MycoWorks公司的新皮革的独特之处在于，这是第一次有公司能够生产出与动物皮革相匹配甚至超过其质量和耐用性的植物产品。故选D。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Last year, luxury fashion brand Hermés debuted their Victoria bag, which featured MycoWork’s Fine Mycelium material. Other companies, including Adidas with their Mylo-made Stan Smith shoes and Lululemon with their mushroom-based yoga products, have also jumped on the eco-friendly trend.(去年，奢侈时尚品牌Hermés推出了他们的维多利亚包，采用了MycoWork的Fine Mycelium材料。其他公司，包括Adidas和Lululemon也加入了环保潮流，Adidas推出了mylo制造的Stan Smith鞋，Lululemon推出了以蘑菇为原料的瑜伽产品。)”可知，MycoWorks的新皮革亮相了高级时装。故选B。【30题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线单词下一句“because of deforestation and methane emissions connected to the animals raised for leathers.(因为森林砍伐和甲烷排放与饲养动物皮革有关。)”可知，动物皮革在环境方面造成了严重的破坏。选项A“Chaos (混乱)”；选项B“Harmony (和谐)”；选项C“Evolution (进化)”；选项D“Fortune (财富)”；所以，havoc与选项A“Chaos (混乱)”意义相近。故选A。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“However, some experts criticize the new mushroom-based leather because it is currently only available as a rare item. For the material to be a truly sustainable option and make a major impact, it would need to be more accessible. They question whether the company can provide designers with enough material to create their products.(然而，一些专家批评这种新的蘑菇皮革，因为它目前只是一种罕见的物品。为了使这种材料成为真正可持续的选择并产生重大影响，它需要更容易获得。他们质疑该公司能否为设计师提供足够的材料来创作他们的产品。)”可知，一些专家担心这种皮革的供应。故选B。DPsychologists specializing in the field of decision-making have discovered that employing a decision worksheet is among the most effective approaches for tackling significant choices. Researchers in the optimization branch of psychology analyze real-world decisions made by individuals and contrast them with theoretically ideal decisions to gauge their similarity. Advocates of the worksheet technique contend that it leads to optimal outcomes, representing the best choices. While decision worksheets come in various formats, they share fundamental characteristics. They begin with a clear and concise problem definition, followed by the explanation of all possible solutions. Subsequently, the relevant factors impacted by each choice are listed, and their relative importance is determined. Each factor is assigned a numerical value reflecting its significance, and these values are summed to calculate a decision’s score. The alternative with the highest score emerges as the superior choice.Given that many significant problems encompass multiple facets, individuals encounter several choices, each bearing unique advantages and drawbacks. The advantage of employing a pencil and paper decision-making method lies in its capacity to accommodate more variables than the human mind can typically handle and retain. On average, individuals can juggle about seven ideas simultaneously. Decision worksheets prove exceptionally beneficial when decisions involve numerous intricate variables and relationships. A practical illustration pertinent to numerous college students revolves around the post-graduation question: “What will I do after graduation ” A graduate might contemplate seeking specialized training in a job, pursuing further education, or embarking on a year of international travel.The decision worksheet begins with a brief problem statement, which helps narrow the scope. It is crucial to differentiate between long-term and immediate objectives since the decision-making process often diverges for each. While focusing on long-term goals, a graduating student might reformulate the previous question as follows: “What post-graduation path will lead to a successful career ”32. What is the first step in the decision-making process using a worksheet A. Defining the problem concisely.B Thinking of all potential solutions.C. Listing the consequences of each solution.D. Determining the relative importance of considerations.33. According to decision-worksheet theory, an optimal decision is defined as one that ____________.A. has the most points assigned to itB. utilizes the most decision worksheetsC. involves the fewest variables for considerationD. reaches the widest consensus among people34. What is the author’s attitude toward employing a pencil and paper decision-making procedure A. Ambiguous. B. Sceptical. C. Supportive. D. Dismissive.35. What is the primary focus of the passage A. Research on human decision-making processes.B. The utility of decision worksheets in complex choices.C. A comparison between actual and ideal decisions.D. Distinctions between long-term and short-term decision making.【答案】32. A 33. A 34. C 35. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，专门研究决策领域的心理学家发现，使用决策工作表是处理重大选择的最有效方法之一。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“While decision worksheets come in various formats, they share fundamental characteristics. They begin with a clear and concise problem definition, followed by the explanation of all possible solutions.(虽然决策工作表有各种格式，但它们具有共同的基本特征。他们从一个清晰而简洁的问题定义开始，然后解释所有可能的解决方案。)”可知，使用工作表做决策是从一个清晰而简洁的问题定义开始。故选A。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“They begin with a clear and concise problem definition, followed by the explanation of all possible solutions. Subsequently, the relevant factors impacted by each choice are listed, and their relative importance is determined. Each factor is assigned a numerical value reflecting its significance, and these values are summed to calculate a decision’s score. The alternative with the highest score emerges as the superior choice.(他们从一个清晰而简洁的问题定义开始，然后解释所有可能的解决方案。随后，列出每个选择所影响的相关因素，并确定其相对重要性。每个因素被赋予一个反映其重要性的数值，这些值被求和以计算决策的分数。得分最高的选项成为最佳选择。)”可知，得分最高的决策被认为是最佳的决策。故选A。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Given that many significant problems encompass multiple facets, individuals encounter several choices, each bearing unique advantages and drawbacks. The advantage of employing a pencil and paper decision-making method lies in its capacity to accommodate more variables than the human mind can typically handle and retain. On average, individuals can juggle about seven ideas simultaneously. Decision worksheets prove exceptionally beneficial when decisions involve numerous intricate variables and relationships.(考虑到许多重大问题包含多个方面，个人会遇到几种选择，每种选择都有其独特的优点和缺点。使用纸笔决策方法的优势在于它能够容纳比人类大脑通常能够处理和保留的更多变量。平均而言，一个人可以同时处理7个想法。当决策涉及许多复杂的变量和关系时，决策工作表被证明是非常有益的。)”可知，作者对采用纸笔决策程序是抱有支持的态度。故选C。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Psychologists specializing in the field of decision-making have discovered that employing a decision worksheet is among the most effective approaches for tackling significant choices.(专门研究决策领域的心理学家发现，使用决策工作表是处理重大选择的最有效方法之一。)”、最后一段“The decision worksheet begins with a brief problem statement, which helps narrow the scope. It is crucial to differentiate between long-term and immediate objectives since the decision-making process often diverges for each.(决策工作表以一个简短的问题陈述开始，这有助于缩小范围。区分长期目标和近期目标是至关重要的，因为两者的决策过程往往是不同的。)”以及全文内容可知，这篇文章主要以决策工作表在复杂选择中的效用为主要焦点。故选B。第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Disposing of unwanted items in our lives often means simply throwing them into the garbage or recycling bin—or, if they’re still useful, giving them away. It’s different with old credit cards, which should be destroyed so nobody can use them fraudulently. ______36______Here’s how to get rid of an old card.First, contact the issuer.If closing the account is your goal, you’ll have to call the number on the back of your card and ask to do so. If your card is a rewards card, remember to first redeem points or cash back. Change any automatic payments to a different card, and be sure to pay the final card bill.Cut up plastic cards.Sharp scissors and smart trimming will do the job here. “We recommend that consumers cut through the EMV chip, then further cut the card a few times along the short side, and dispose of the sections in more than one trash bag,” says Sarah Grano, a spokeswoman for the American Bankers Association. _______37_______Send back metal cards.______38______Contact your issuer. Typically, you can mail it back for disposal. For example, when American Express sends a replacement card, it also sends an addressed return envelope to mail back an old metal card for destruction, says Heather Norton, spokeswoman for American Express. Check back on your account. Don’t obsess about identity theft of an old credit card. You generally won’t be responsible for fraudulent charges anyway. ________39________ It’s a good idea to check your account statement to make sure there’s been no fraud.Closing an account can hurt you.Closing a credit card account can lower your credit rating. That’s because credit scores consider your “credit utilization ratio,” or how much of your available credit you’re using. And when you close an account, you have less available credit. ______40______Closing an old card decreases the average age of your accounts.A. Nevertheless, it might be worthwhile to close the account anyway.B. Alternatively, you can feed cards into a specialized machine.C. Credit scores also factor in the length of time you've had the card open.D. Disposing of a metal card on your own is more challenging and potentially unsafe.E. You can skip this step if you're just replacing an expired or compromised card.F. Be cautious with debit cards and other plastic forms where fraud could result in financial losses.G. However, correctly disposing of a payment card can be confusing, especially with newer metal credit cards.【答案】36. G 37. B 38. D 39. F 40. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些方法帮助我们安全地处理旧的信用卡。【36题详解】根据空前“It’s different with old credit cards, which should be destroyed so nobody can use them fraudulently.(这与旧信用卡不同，旧信用卡应该被销毁，这样就没有人可以欺诈性地使用它们。)”可知，处理旧的信用卡和处理其他生活中不需要的东西不同。选项G“However, correctly disposing of a payment card can be confusing, especially with newer metal credit cards.(然而，正确处理支付卡可能会令人困惑，尤其是使用较新的金属信用卡。)”是上文内容的自然延续，同时引出下文“Here’s how to get rid of an old card.(以下是如何处理旧卡的方法。)”。故选G。【37题详解】根据上文“Sharp scissors and smart trimming will do the job here. “We recommend that consumers cut through the EMV chip, then further cut the card a few times along the short side, and dispose of the sections in more than one trash bag,” says Sarah Grano, a spokeswoman for the American Bankers Association.(锋利的剪刀和灵巧的修剪就可以了。美国银行家协会发言人Sarah Grano说：“我们建议消费者先切开EMV芯片，然后沿着短的一面再切几次，把这些部分扔进不止一个垃圾袋里。”)”可知，本段主要介绍了如何处理旧卡，可用剪刀将其剪开就可以。选项B“Alternatively, you can feed cards into a specialized machine.(或者，你可以把卡片送入专门的机器。)”讲述的仍然是如何处理旧卡，延续上文内容，除了用剪刀将旧卡剪开之外，还可以将卡片送入专门的机器处理。故选B。【38题详解】根据小标题“Send back metal cards(寄回金属卡片)”可知，本段主要讲述的是如何处理金属卡片。再根据空后内容“Contact your issuer. Typically, you can mail it back for disposal.(联系发行机构。一般来说，你可以把它寄回去处理。)”可知，处理金属卡片可以通过寄回的方式解决。选项D“Disposing of a metal card on your own is more challenging and potentially unsafe.(自己处理金属卡更具挑战性，而且可能不安全。)”引出下文内容，说明处理金属卡更加不易，可直接寄回。故选D。【39题详解】根据空前内容“Check back on your account. Don’t obsess about identity theft of an old credit card. You generally won’t be responsible for fraudulent charges anyway.(回头看看你的账户。不要纠结于旧信用卡的身份被盗。无论如何，你通常不愿对欺诈性收费负责。)”可知，要小心欺诈收费。选项F“Be cautious with debit cards and other plastic forms where fraud could result in financial losses.(使用借记卡和其他信用卡要小心，因为欺诈可能会导致经济损失。)”是上文的自然延续，指的是要谨防欺诈带来的经济损失。同时引出下文“It’s a good idea to check your account statement to make sure there’s been no fraud.(检查你的账户对账单以确保没有欺诈行为是个好主意。)”。故选F。【40题详解】根据上文内容“Closing a credit card account can lower your credit rating. That’s because credit scores consider your “credit utilization ratio,” or how much of your available credit you’re using. And when you close an account, you have less available credit.(关闭信用卡账户会降低你的信用评级。这是因为信用评分考虑的是你的“信用利用率”，也就是你使用了多少可用信用。当你关闭账户时，你可用的信贷就会减少。)”可知，上文讲述的是关闭信用卡账户会影响你的信用评级。选项C“Credit scores also factor in the length of time you've had the card open.(信用评分也会影响信用卡的使用时间长短。)”与上文内容一致，同时与下文“Closing an old card decreases the average age of your accounts.(关闭一张旧卡会减少你账户的平均年龄。)”一致。故选C。第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Stephanie rescued Flynn from an animal centre in 2014, after she was found as a puppy wandering the streets alone. “She was super shy and sweet, and absolutely____41____of men,” Stephanie recalled. “We___42___ and she overcame her unpleasant experience.”But in May 2020, six-year-old Flynn suddenly____43____her back when she jumped on Stephanie’s bed and landed ___44___ “She became paralysed and her two back legs stopped working,” Stephanie said.Flynn had to have emergency___45___ and a month of recovery before she could put one paw in front of the other again. “Quite a few people told me to____46____and said she’d be a lot of work, but I never would. I had___47___ and I knew God would help her,” Stephanie said.One year on, their roles____48____when Stephanie was diagnosed with a cancer in September 2021. Flynn became ___49___from Stephanie and refused to leave her side until she got better. “Flynn was my biggest____50____. I couldn’t have got through it without her,” Stephanie said. “She____51____ me every day. When I am tired or unwell, I think about how she____52____. She never quit. We’ve been through all the highs and lows of life together.”Seven-year-old Flynn’s_____53_____doesn’t just inspire Stephanie, but lots of strangers too. Stephanie is_____54_____to her supportive family for helping her through her own health____55____, and to all of Flynn’s social media followers.41. A. tolerant B. frightened C. confident D. ignorant42. A. bonded B. followed C. suspected D. failed43. A. trembled B. stretched C. lowered D. broke44. A. skillfully B. cautiously C. awkwardly D. safely45. A. power B. surgery C. conference D. supplies46. A. take her in B. pick her up C. put her down D. show her around47. A. faith B. courage C. mercy D. regret48. A. disappeared B. expanded C. conflicted D. exchanged49. A. withdrawn B. inseparable C. different D. invisible50. A. decision B. mistake C. possibility D. support51. A. believes B. inspires C. amazes D. carries52. A. pushed on B. took responsibility C. gave away D. made trouble53. A. determination B. hardship C. confidence D. positiveness54. A. sensitive B. committed C. grateful D. compared55. A. plans B. battles C. warning D. education【答案】41. B 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. B 46. C 47. A 48. D 49. B 50. D 51. B 52. A 53. D 54. C 55. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Stephanie从一家动物中心救出了Flynn，从此彼此互相支持互相关爱的暖人心的故事。【41题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：。Stephanie回忆说：“她非常害羞、可爱，而且非常害怕人类。我们很亲密，她克服了那次不愉快的经历。”A. tolerant容忍的；B. frightened害怕的；C. confident自信的；D. ignorant无知的。根据上文“She was super shy and sweet”，可知，Flynn非常害羞，由此可知，空处指的是她很怕人。故选B。【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：。Stephanie回忆说：“她非常害羞、可爱，而且非常害怕人类。我们很亲密，她克服了那次不愉快的经历。”A. bonded连结、发展亲密关系；B. followed追随；C. suspected怀疑；D. failed失败。根据下文“she overcame her unpleasant experience.”可知，她们俩之间的关系非常亲密。故选A。【43题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在2020年5月，6岁的Flynn跳上Stephanie的床笨拙地跌在地上时，突然摔断了背。A. trembled颤抖；B. stretched延伸；C. lowered降低；D. broke打破、折断。根据下文“She became paralysed and her two back legs stopped working”可知，Flynn瘫痪了，由此可知，她是摔断了背。故选D。【44题详解】考查名副词词义辨析。句意：但在2020年5月，6岁的Flynn跳上Stephanie的床笨拙地跌在地上时，突然摔断了背。A. skillfully娴熟地；B. cautiously小心地；C. awkwardly笨拙地；D. safely安全地。根据上文“six-year-old Flynn suddenly____3____her back”以及下文“She became paralysed and her two back legs stopped working”可知，Flynn落地时很笨拙，所以才摔断了背。故选C。【45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Flynn不得不接受紧急手术，花了一个月的时间恢复，才能够再次把一只爪子放在另一只爪子前面。A. power力量、权力；B. surgery手术；C. conference会议；D. supplies补给。根据下文“a month of recovery before she could put one paw in front of the other again.”可知，她接受了手术。故选B。【46题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：“很多人告诉我要将她，说她是个大麻烦，但我从来没有这样做过。我有信心，我知道上帝会帮助她，” Stephanie说。A. take her in欺骗她；B. pick her up接她；C. put her down奚落她、杀死她；D. show her around带她四处闲逛。根据下文“said she’d be a lot of work”可知，人们都认为她是个大麻烦，所以让Stephanie把她杀了。故选C。【47题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“很多人告诉我要将她，说她是个大麻烦，但我从来没有这样做过。我有信心，我知道上帝会帮助她，” Stephanie说。A. faith信念；B. courage勇气；C. mercy仁慈；D. regret遗憾。根据下文“I knew God would help her”可知，Stephanie相信Flynn会活下来。故选A。【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一年后，当Stephanie于2021年9月被诊断出患有癌症时，他们的角色互换了。A. disappeared消失；B. expanded扩张；C. conflicted冲突；D. exchanged交换。根据上文可知，Stephanie一直相信Flynn一定会活下来；而根据下文“Flynn became ___9___from Stephanie and refused to leave her side until she got better.”可知，Stephanie患病后，Flynn一直守在她身边，由此可知，两人的角色互换了。故选D。【49题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Flynn变得离不开Stephanie，直到她好转才离开她的身边。A. withdrawn离群的；B. inseparable不能分的；C. different不同的；D. invisible看不见的。根据下文“refused to leave her side until she got better.”Flynn从不离开Stephanie。故选B。【50题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“Flynn是我最大的支持者。没有她，我不可能熬过去，” Stephanie说。A. decision决定；B. mistake错误；C. possibility可能性；D. support支持。根据下文“I couldn’t have got through it without her”可知，Stephanie认为Flynn是最大的支持者。故选D。【51题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“她每天都在激励我。当我累了或不舒服的时候，我就会想起她是如何坚持下去的。她从不放弃。我们一起经历了人生的起起落落。”A. believes相信；B. inspires激励；C. amazes使惊叹；D. carries携带。根据下文“When I am tired or unwell, I think about how she___12___. She never quit. We’ve been through all the highs and lows of life together.”可知，Flynn的精神激励着Stephanie战胜了疾病。故选B。【52题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：“她每天都在激励我。当我累了或不舒服的时候，我就会想起她是如何坚持下去的。她从不放弃。我们一起经历了人生的起起落落。”A. pushed on推动、坚持；B. took responsibility承担责任；C. gave away赠送；D. made trouble制造麻烦。根据下文“She never quit.”可知，Flynn不管遇到什么困难都会坚持下去。故选A。【53题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：7岁的Flynn的积极态度不仅激励了Stephanie，也激励了许多陌生人。A. determination决心；B. hardship艰难；C. confidence信心；D. positiveness肯定、积极性。根据上文内容可知，Flynn摔断了背后依然坚持活了下来，甚至还能够动自己的爪子，不管遇到什么，Flynn都会坚持下去，这是一种积极的生活态度。故选D。【54题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Stephanie感谢支持她的家人帮助她度过了自己的健康斗争，也感谢Flynn所有的社交媒体粉丝。A. sensitive敏感的；B. committed忠诚的；C. grateful感激的；D. compared比较。根据上文“Flynn was my biggest___10___. I couldn’t have got through it without her”可推断，Stephanie对Flynn充满感激。故选C。【55题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Stephanie感谢支持她的家人帮助她度过了自己的健康斗争，也感谢Flynn所有的社交媒体粉丝。A. plans计划；B. battles战斗；C. warning警告；D. education教育。根据上文“One year on, their roles____8____when Stephanie was diagnosed with a cancer in September 2021.”可知，Stephanie对Flynn充满感激，包括Flynn帮助自己度过了自己的健康斗争。故选B。第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Sam Altman, the chief executive of OpenAI, _____56_____(issue) a warning to lawmakers to act before artificially intelligent technology causes “significant harm ____57____ the world,” said Cat Zakrzewski in The Washington Post. Testifying before a Senate Judiciary committee this week, Altman “advocated a number of _____58_____(regulate)— including a new government agency _____59_____(charge) with creating standards” for AI. Unlike contentious hearings with other tech CEOs, lawmakers “appeared in a listening mood” with Altman, ____60____ company developed the breakthrough AI chatbot ChatGPT. Altman said the technology could ______61______(use) for disinformation, emotional manipulation, or even “target drone strikes.” Yet he affirmed “his company will continue” _____62_____(enhance) its AI models.The hearing left Washington with decisions _____63_____(make). There is no consensus on _____64_____ to do about “the large language models that are trained on copyrighted works.” AI-driven propaganda, though, may be the single most urgent problem. Altman admitted one of his “areas ______65______ greatest concern” was AI-created disinformation that could influence the 2024 election.【答案】56. issued57. to 58. regulations59. charged60. whose 61. be used62. enhancing63. to make64. what 65. of【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。该报道主要报道了OpenAI首席执行官Sam Altman向立法者发出警告，要求他们在人工智能技术“对世界造成重大伤害”之前采取行动。【56题详解】考查时态。句意：OpenAI首席执行官Sam Altman向立法者发出警告，要求他们在人工智能技术“对世界造成重大伤害”之前采取行动，《华盛顿邮报》的Cat Zakrzewski说。考查本句谓语动词，根据下文“said Cat Zakrzewski in The Washington Post.”可知，本句时态为一般过去时。故填issued。【57题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：OpenAI首席执行官Sam Altman向立法者发出警告，要求他们在人工智能技术“对世界造成重大伤害”之前采取行动，《华盛顿邮报》的Cat Zakrzewski说。固定搭配：cause harm to，意为“对……造成危害”。故填to。【58题详解】考查名词的数。句意：周，Altman在参议院司法委员会作证时，“主张制定一系列法规——包括设立一个新的政府机构，负责为人工智能制定标准”。根据空前的“a number of”可知，空处为名词的复数形式。故填regulations。【59题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：周，Altman在参议院司法委员会作证时，“主张制定一系列法规——包括设立一个新的政府机构，负责为人工智能制定标准”。这里为非谓语动词担当后置定语，动词“charge”和被修饰词“a new government agency”之间存在被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填charged。【60题详解】考查定语从句。句意：与其他科技公司首席执行官举行的有争议的听证会不同，议员们对Altman的听证会“表现出倾听的心情”。Altman的公司开发了突破性的人工智能聊天机器人ChatGPT。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Altman”，和空后的“company”之间存在所有关系，用关系代词whose。故填whose。【61题详解】考查语态。句意：Altman说，这项技术可以用于虚假信息、情绪操纵，甚至是“无人机打击目标”。这里为本句谓语动词，出现在情态动词之后，用动词原形；主语为“the technology”，和动词“use”之间为被动关系。故填be used。【62题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，他肯定“他的公司将继续”增强其人工智能模型。这里为非谓语动词担当动词“continue”的宾语，用动名词形式，表示“继续做正在做的事”。故填enhancing。【63题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：听证会让华盛顿不得不做出决定。这里为非谓语动词担当宾语补足语，表示“该动作还未发生”，用动词不定式形式。故填to make。【64题详解】考查疑问词。句意：对于如何处理“受版权保护作品训练的大型语言模型”，目前还没有达成共识。这里为“疑问词+to do”担当介词之后的宾语，分析成分可知，动词“do”之后缺少宾语，用what。故填what。【65题详解】考查介词。句意：Altman承认，他“最担心的领域之一”是人工智能制造的虚假信息，这些信息可能会影响2024年的大选。这里为介词短语担当后置定语，修饰名词“areas”，表示“……的”，用介词of。故填of。第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)第一节 (满分15分)66. 假定你是李华，校学生会主席，你校校园广播电台计划招募一名英语广播员。请你写一张英文招聘海报，张贴在校园公告栏里。内容包括：1. 岗位介绍；2. 招聘要求；3. 报名方式。注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。An English Host Wanted____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】 An English host wantedOur school radio started five years ago. Now we need an English programme host to make our English programmes cater to our exchange students.If you are interested in programme hosting and have fluency in English, you should have greater chance of getting the job. Of course, you’ll be hardworking and be enthusiastic about work. Above all, you need to have team spirit.You can come to the office of the Students’ Union to sign up for it before this Friday afternoon. Hope you are accepted as an English host.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的招聘书。要求考生写一张英文招聘海报，为校园广播电台招募一名英语广播员。【详解】1.词汇积累对……感兴趣：be interested in → show interest in机会：chance→ opportunity热情的：be enthusiastic about → be keen on希望：hope→ wish2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Now we need an English programme host to make our English programmes cater to our exchange students.拓展句：Now we need an English programme host who can make our English programmes cater to our exchange students.【点睛】【高分句型1】If you are interested in programme hosting and have fluency in English, you should have greater chance of getting the job.（运用了if引导的状语从句）【高分句型2】Hope you are accepted as an English host.（运用了省略引导词that的宾语从句）第二节 (满分25分)67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Years ago, not long after graduating from school and starting my career in Denver, I set off on an exciting solo trip to reunite with an old friend. As I packed my car, little did I know that this adventure would unveil the remarkable bonds that can form between strangers, all sparked by the simple exchange of “thank you.”My journey commenced with a thrilling flight to Albuquerque, a vibrant city in New Mexico. My ultimate destination was Oklahoma City, where I looked forward to visiting a dear friend. The trip was relatively smooth, treating me to beautiful sights along the way. While waiting in line to pay for gas, I struck up a friendly chat with an older couple who were also refueling their vehicle.Continuing my journey with joy in my heart, dark, ominous smoke suddenly billowed from my car’s rear. Panic gripped me as I hastily pulled over to the side of the road, unsure of our next steps. In an incredible twist of fate, the same friendly couple from the gas station pulled up behind my car. With warm smiles and open hearts, they generously offered to drive me to my friend’s place in Oklahoma City. During the ride, we engaged in lively conversations, sharing stories and laughter as the miles passed by. Upon reaching our destination, the husband even handed me his business card as a gesture of goodwill and kindness.Appreciative of their unwavering help, I later expressed my gratitude through a heartfelt thank-you note. In response, they sent me a cherished Christmas gift along with a touching note as well. As the years passed, life threw another curveball my way. On a fateful day, I drove to a nearby town for an important meeting.Unfortunately, in my haste, I accidentally left my car’s lights on all day long. As dusk approached, I returned to my car, only to find that the battery had completely died. Thankfully, I noticed the Friendly Ford dealership conveniently located next door. Filled with hope, I entered the showroom, where I encountered two helpful salesmen.注意:1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。In a lighthearted tone, I asked, “Just how friendly is Friendly Ford ”____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________This heartwarming sequence of events serves as a reminder of the profound impact two simple words – “Thank you” ——can have.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】In a lighthearted tone, I asked, “Just how friendly is Friendly Ford ” The salesmen chuckled heartily at my playful inquiry and assured me that Friendly Ford was indeed committed to its name and reputation. Within a blink of an eye, they began to work efficiently, trying hard to revive my dead battery, even though I was clearly not a potential customer. Sweating heavily, they did not show any discontentment or impatience. Soon enough, my car resumed its power as if given a brand new life thanks to their efforts. I could hardly express how lucky and blessed I was to receive immediate aids from completely strangers.This heartwarming sequence of events serves as a reminder of the profound impact two simple words——“Thank you” ——can have. Once my car roared to life again, I offered to pay them for their invaluable help, but both politely declined. They shook my hand, genuinely saying “It’s all part of being Friendly Ford, where our commitment to customers goes beyond just selling cars.” Grateful beyond words for their kindness, I returned home that evening with a heart full of appreciation. Later that week, I decided to send them a thank-you note, just as I had done years ago with the older couple who had rescued us during our Christmas journey.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者一次旅行途中遇到了两位好心人的帮忙，而后作者由衷地向他们表示了自己的感激，而后来作者又再次得到了暖心的帮助。这些善举让作者明白了一句短短的“谢谢”会给这个世界带来改变。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“我以轻松的语气问：“福特有多友好 ””以及第二段首句内容“这一系列暖心的事件提醒我们，“谢谢”这两个简单的词能产生深远的影响。”可知，第一段可描写作者得到了“友好的福特”店里员工的暖心帮助。②由第二段首句内容“这一系列暖心的事件提醒我们，“谢谢”这两个简单的词能产生深远的影响。”可知，第二段可描写作者对该服务店店员的感激之情以及作者的感想2.续写线索：多年前，作者前往俄克拉荷马城途中，车突然坏了——作者得到了一对友好的夫妇的帮助——作者非常感激他们，写了感谢信给这对夫妇——多年后，作者在参加重要会议的途中车电池没电了——于是作者向“友好福特经销店”求助，得到了暖心的帮助——作者不禁感触，“谢谢”这两个简单的词能产生深远的影响3.词汇激活行为类①全身心投入：be committed to/be devoted to②努力：try to/attempt to③拒绝：decline/reject/refuse情绪类①由衷地：heartily/sincerely②不满：discontentment/dissatisfaction【点睛】【高分句型1】Within a blink of an eye, they began to work efficiently, trying hard to revive my dead battery, even though I was clearly not a potential customer.（运用了even though引导让步状语从句）【高分句型2】I could hardly express how lucky and blessed I was to receive immediate aids from completely strangers.（运用了how引导的宾语从句）常州市联盟学校2023—2024学年度第一学期学情调研高三年级英语试卷出卷老师：姜达娣 审卷老师：岳瑛 考试时间120分钟本试卷共四大题 满分150分第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】When does the lecture finish A. At about 5 p.m. B. At about 4 p.m. C. At about 3 p.m.2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the woman ask the boy to take A. A coat. B. Boots. C. A T-shirt.3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What happened to Larry last night A. He couldn’t find his hotel.B. He was caught in the rain.C. He fell into water.4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Where will the woman go tomorrow night A. To the man’s house. B. To a cinema. C. To a restaurant.5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What are the speakers mainly talking about A. A house. B. An office. C. A shopping center.第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6. What does the woman want the man to do A. Type out her report. B. Repair her keyboard. C. Look for her keys.7. What will the woman do next A. Have some juice. B. Pick up her friend. C. Go shopping.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8 Where are the speakers A. At home. B. At a bus stop. C. In the Book Building.9. What did the man do yesterday evening A. He watched TV. B. He had a match. C. He bought a guide.10. Which bus will the speakers take A. No. 29. B. No. 37. C. No. 52.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11. What is the purpose of the call A. To arrange a tour. B. To book a room. C. To confirm a reservation.12. What does the woman request A. A wake-up call. B. A special menu. C. A room with a view.13. How can guests receive a free meal A. By reserving accommodations online.B. By staying a minimum of three nights.C. By making a booking during the off season.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14. When was the youth club formed A. In 2015. B. In 2008. C. In 2006.15. What is Matthew A. An engineer. B. A teacher. C. A student.16. For what did Matthew’s club raise money A. A school. B. A park. C. A hospital.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17. Where is Kakadu National Park A. In Australia. B. In Austria. C. In Belgium.18. How did the speaker feel after the Yellow Water Cruise A. Pleased. B. Disappointed. C. Worried.19. Why did the speaker buy the Sunrise & Sunset ticket online A. It was easy. B. It was cheap. C. It was popular.20. What impressed the speaker most during the Yellow Water Cruise A. Kakadu Culture Camp. B. Sunrise & Sunset. C. Azure Kingfisher.第二部分 阅读 (共两节, 满分50分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AMembershipUniversity of Johannesburg staff and registered students in possession of a valid University card qualify for membership of the UJ Library.Access to facilities and services1. Clients have access to all Campus Libraries on presentation of their own university card.2. Books are issued to clients on the presentation of their own university card.3. Lost cards must immediately be reported in writing to the Team Leader: Lending Services at the Campus Library or to the Campus Librarian.Library hoursLibrary hours are revised annually and made available on the UJ Library web page. Campus libraries will be closed on public holidays.Rules of conduct1. Behavior which disrupts the activities of the Library or affects the right to a quiet and orderly work and study environment of other library clients is not permitted.2. Smoking is not permitted anywhere in the Library or within a seven-meter radius (半径) of the Library entrance.3. Books, other library materials, equipment or facilities may not be defaced, damaged or stolen.4. Cell phones must be on silent in the Library.5. Use of the computers in the Library is subject to time limits during peak usage periods.In addition, clients may NOT:a) link any device to the network without the written approval of the Information Technology Division;b) remove or exchange computer equipment without the written approval of the Information Technology Division.21. What is this text mainly about A. The UJ Library regulations.B. The UJ Library computer use rules.C. The guidelines for the UJ Library staff.D. The register information of the UJ Library.22. What should a client do if his university card is missing A. Use his ID card instead.B. Report to the police station.C. Inform the loss to the Library.D. Revise his register information.23. Which of the following is forbidden according to the text A. Shutting down one’s mobile phone.B. Using the computers in the Library.C. Linking disks to the Library network secretly.D. Keeping an orderly work and study environment.BCampaigners have been promoting the idea of purchasing local food recently, with the argument that it can reduce “food miles,” referring to the distance food travels from the producer to the shop owner. The greater the food miles, the higher the carbon emissions. Therefore, buying local food results in a lower carbon footprint and is considered more environmentally friendly.Nonetheless, the actual situation is more complex than it appears. Importantly, imported food often possesses a lower carbon footprint compared to locally grown alternatives. Consider apples, for instance. Local apples in Britain, bought during winter or spring, have usually been stored in refrigeration for months, consuming substantial energy. In contrast, importing apples from New Zealand during their natural season, in spring, is more energy-efficient. Similarly, producing tomatoes in heated greenhouses in the UK has a greater environmental impact than importing them from Spain, where the climate favors their growth.Additionally, the mode of transportation plays a significant role. Food transported by air tends to generate higher emissions. However, only a limited selection of items are flown to consumer countries, usually high-value and perishable goods that cannot be locally produced. Even in these cases, the carbon footprint of these foods may not surpass that of locally grown alternatives. For example, beans flown in from Kenya are cultivated in sunny fields using natural fertilizers, in contrast to Britain’s reliance on oil-based fertilizers and machinery.It is crucial to acknowledge that a product’s journey extends beyond the supermarket. Driving long distances to shop for food can offset any environmental benefits gained from buying locally grown produce. Moreover, opting for local over imported food can negatively impact people in developing countries who rely on selling their produce overseas for their livelihoods.Some supermarkets have recently attempted to raise awareness about food miles by labeling products to indicate air transportation. However, this message oversimplifies a food’s carbon footprint, which is influenced by various factors. Even if we exclusively purchase locally grown, in-season food, ethical concerns remain, potentially limiting dietary choices and affecting us all.24. Why might choosing imported apples in the UK during spring be a favorable option A. It supports local farmers.B. It minimizes energy consumption.C. It offers cost-efficiency and convenience.D. It significantly reduces carbon emissions.25. According to the author, what should readers consider avoiding A. Purchasing tomatoes imported from Spain.B. Providing assistance to farmers in impoverished nations.C. Buying beans transported by air from Kenya.D. Undertaking long journeys to buy locally sourced food.26. What is the author’s perspective on labeling food products A. It facilitates ethical shopping decisions.B. It fails to provide a comprehensive and accurate portrayal.C. It elevates awareness of environmental concerns.D. It offers precise product information.27. What is the primary objective of this text A. To resolve a particular issue.B. To make a forward-looking projection.C. To challenge a prevalent belief.D To interpret an observed phenomenon.CPlant-based leathers have the potential to revolutionize the fashion industry. Now, MycoWorks, a California based biotech company, has created a new eco-friendly, vegetal leather derived from mushrooms. The leather turns mycelium (菌丝体)—threads from the root structure of mushrooms—into a material that imitates the look and feel of an animal-based leather.“It’s the first time that a company has been able to produce a vegetal product which is matching or even exceeding the quality and durability of a natural one. It’s a super achievement,” Patrick Thomas, former Hermés CEO and a member of MycoWorks board of directors, said in a statement.MycoWorks creates this special material by using engineered mycelium cells. As the cells grow into 3D structures, they become densely intertwined (交织的), eventually forming a tough material, called Fine Mycelium, which has the strength, durability and performance of the traditional leather. The result differs from other vegetal leathers made with mushrooms. Most mushroom leathers are made from compressed solid foam that mycelium forms naturally, but without engineering, they lack the same look and feel as an animal-based leather.Fine Mycelium can grow in trays (托盘). These trays can be designed to fit a designer’s exact specifications, avoiding any waste. After Fine Mycelium is harvested, it is tanned (鞣色) and finished to look and feel like an animal leather.Last year, luxury fashion brand Hermés debuted their Victoria bag, which featured MycoWork’s Fine Mycelium material. Other companies, including Adidas with their Mylo-made Stan Smith shoes and Lululemon with their mushroom-based yoga products, have also jumped on the eco-friendly trend.The use of plant-based leathers comes during a time when scientists and innovators are trying to come up with solutions for the climate crisis and animal agriculture. Environmentally, manufacturing animal-based leathers creates havoc because of deforestation and methane emissions connected to the animals raised for leathers.However, some experts criticize the new mushroom-based leather because it is currently only available as a rare item. For the material to be a truly sustainable option and make a major impact, it would need to be more accessible. They question whether the company can provide designers with enough material to create their products.28. What is special about MycoWorks’ new leather A It is the first to be made from mycelium.B. It is an eco-friendly and vegetal produce.C. It is the first-ever mushroom-based leather.D. It is comparable with the animal-based leather.29. What can we learn from the text A. MycoWorks has been partly financed by Hermés.B. MycoWorks’ new leather has made a high fashion debut.C. Trays are needed when designers deal with Fine Mycelium.D 3D technology is used when MycoWorks creates its new leather.30. What does the underlined part “havoc” in Paragraph 6 probably mean A. Chaos. B. Harmony.C. Evolution. D. Fortune.31. Which of the following do some experts concern most A. The price of the new leather. B. The supply of the new leather.C. The quality of the new leather. D. The durability of the new leather.DPsychologists specializing in the field of decision-making have discovered that employing a decision worksheet is among the most effective approaches for tackling significant choices. Researchers in the optimization branch of psychology analyze real-world decisions made by individuals and contrast them with theoretically ideal decisions to gauge their similarity. Advocates of the worksheet technique contend that it leads to optimal outcomes, representing the best choices. While decision worksheets come in various formats, they share fundamental characteristics. They begin with a clear and concise problem definition, followed by the explanation of all possible solutions. Subsequently, the relevant factors impacted by each choice are listed, and their relative importance is determined. Each factor is assigned a numerical value reflecting its significance, and these values are summed to calculate a decision’s score. The alternative with the highest score emerges as the superior choice.Given that many significant problems encompass multiple facets, individuals encounter several choices, each bearing unique advantages and drawbacks. The advantage of employing a pencil and paper decision-making method lies in its capacity to accommodate more variables than the human mind can typically handle and retain. On average, individuals can juggle about seven ideas simultaneously. Decision worksheets prove exceptionally beneficial when decisions involve numerous intricate variables and relationships. A practical illustration pertinent to numerous college students revolves around the post-graduation question: “What will I do after graduation ” A graduate might contemplate seeking specialized training in a job, pursuing further education, or embarking on a year of international travel.The decision worksheet begins with a brief problem statement, which helps narrow the scope. It is crucial to differentiate between long-term and immediate objectives since the decision-making process often diverges for each. While focusing on long-term goals, a graduating student might reformulate the previous question as follows: “What post-graduation path will lead to a successful career ”32. What is the first step in the decision-making process using a worksheet A. Defining the problem concisely.B. Thinking of all potential solutions.C. Listing the consequences of each solution.D. Determining the relative importance of considerations.33. According to decision-worksheet theory, an optimal decision is defined as one that ____________.A. has the most points assigned to itB. utilizes the most decision worksheetsC. involves the fewest variables for considerationD. reaches the widest consensus among people34. What is the author’s attitude toward employing a pencil and paper decision-making procedure A. Ambiguous. B. Sceptical. C. Supportive. D. Dismissive.35. What is the primary focus of the passage A. Research on human decision-making processes.B. The utility of decision worksheets in complex choices.C. A comparison between actual and ideal decisions.D. Distinctions between long-term and short-term decision making.第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Disposing of unwanted items in our lives often means simply throwing them into the garbage or recycling bin—or, if they’re still useful, giving them away. It’s different with old credit cards, which should be destroyed so nobody can use them fraudulently. ______36______Here’s how to get rid of an old card.First, contact the issuer.If closing the account is your goal, you’ll have to call the number on the back of your card and ask to do so. If your card is a rewards card, remember to first redeem points or cash back. Change any automatic payments to a different card, and be sure to pay the final card bill.Cut up plastic cards.Sharp scissors and smart trimming will do the job here. “We recommend that consumers cut through the EMV chip, then further cut the card a few times along the short side, and dispose of the sections in more than one trash bag,” says Sarah Grano, a spokeswoman for the American Bankers Association. _______37_______Send back metal cards.______38______Contact your issuer. Typically, you can mail it back for disposal. For example, when American Express sends a replacement card, it also sends an addressed return envelope to mail back an old metal card for destruction, says Heather Norton, spokeswoman for American Express. Check back on your account. Don’t obsess about identity theft of an old credit card. You generally won’t be responsible for fraudulent charges anyway. ________39________ It’s a good idea to check your account statement to make sure there’s been no fraud.Closing an account can hurt you.Closing a credit card account can lower your credit rating. That’s because credit scores consider your “credit utilization ratio,” or how much of your available credit you’re using. And when you close an account, you have less available credit. ______40______Closing an old card decreases the average age of your accounts.A. Nevertheless, it might be worthwhile to close the account anyway.B. Alternatively, you can feed cards into a specialized machine.C. Credit scores also factor in the length of time you've had the card open.D. Disposing of a metal card on your own is more challenging and potentially unsafe.E. You can skip this step if you're just replacing an expired or compromised card.F. Be cautious with debit cards and other plastic forms where fraud could result in financial losses.G. However, correctly disposing of a payment card can be confusing, especially with newer metal credit cards.第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Stephanie rescued Flynn from an animal centre in 2014, after she was found as a puppy wandering the streets alone. “She was super shy and sweet, and absolutely____41____of men,” Stephanie recalled. “We___42___ and she overcame her unpleasant experience.”But in May 2020, six-year-old Flynn suddenly____43____her back when she jumped on Stephanie’s bed and landed ___44___ “She became paralysed and her two back legs stopped working,” Stephanie said.Flynn had to have emergency___45___ and a month of recovery before she could put one paw in front of the other again. “Quite a few people told me to____46____and said she’d be a lot of work, but I never would. I had___47___ and I knew God would help her,” Stephanie said.One year on their roles____48____when Stephanie was diagnosed with a cancer in September 2021. Flynn became ___49___from Stephanie and refused to leave her side until she got better. “Flynn was my biggest____50____. I couldn’t have got through it without her,” Stephanie said. “She____51____ me every day. When I am tired or unwell, I think about how she____52____. She never quit. We’ve been through all the highs and lows of life together.”Seven-year-old Flynn’s_____53_____doesn’t just inspire Stephanie, but lots of strangers too. Stephanie is_____54_____to her supportive family for helping her through her own health____55____, and to all of Flynn’s social media followers.41. A. tolerant B. frightened C. confident D. ignorant42. A. bonded B. followed C. suspected D. failed43. A. trembled B. stretched C. lowered D. broke44. A. skillfully B. cautiously C. awkwardly D. safely45. A. power B. surgery C. conference D. supplies46. A. take her in B. pick her up C. put her down D. show her around47. A. faith B. courage C. mercy D. regret48. A. disappeared B. expanded C. conflicted D. exchanged49. A. withdrawn B. inseparable C. different D. invisible50. A. decision B. mistake C. possibility D. support51. A. believes B. inspires C. amazes D. carries52. A. pushed on B. took responsibility C. gave away D. made trouble53. A. determination B. hardship C. confidence D. positiveness54. A. sensitive B. committed C. grateful D. compared55. A. plans B. battles C. warning D. education第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Sam Altman, the chief executive of OpenAI, _____56_____(issue) a warning to lawmakers to act before artificially intelligent technology causes “significant harm ____57____ the world,” said Cat Zakrzewski in The Washington Post. Testifying before a Senate Judiciary committee this week, Altman “advocated a number of _____58_____(regulate)— including a new government agency _____59_____(charge) with creating standards” for AI. Unlike contentious hearings with other tech CEOs, lawmakers “appeared in a listening mood” with Altman, ____60____ company developed the breakthrough AI chatbot ChatGPT. Altman said the technology could ______61______(use) for disinformation, emotional manipulation, or even “target drone strikes.” Yet he affirmed “his company will continue” _____62_____(enhance) its AI models.The hearing left Washington with decisions _____63_____(make). There is no consensus on _____64_____ to do about “the large language models that are trained on copyrighted works.” AI-driven propaganda, though, may be the single most urgent problem. Altman admitted one of his “areas ______65______ greatest concern” was AI-created disinformation that could influence the 2024 election.第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)第一节 (满分15分)66. 假定你是李华，校学生会主席，你校校园广播电台计划招募一名英语广播员。请你写一张英文招聘海报，张贴在校园公告栏里。内容包括：1. 岗位介绍；2. 招聘要求；3. 报名方式。注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。An English Host Wanted____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节 (满分25分)67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Years ago, not long after graduating from school and starting my career in Denver, I set off on an exciting solo trip to reunite with an old friend. As I packed my car, little did I know that this adventure would unveil the remarkable bonds that can form between strangers, all sparked by the simple exchange of “thank you.”My journey commenced with a thrilling flight to Albuquerque, a vibrant city in New Mexico. My ultimate destination was Oklahoma City, where I looked forward to visiting a dear friend. The trip was relatively smooth, treating me to beautiful sights along the way. While waiting in line to pay for gas, I struck up a friendly chat with an older couple who were also refueling their vehicle.Continuing my journey with joy in my heart, dark, ominous smoke suddenly billowed from my car’s rear. Panic gripped me as I hastily pulled over to the side of the road, unsure of our next steps. In an incredible twist of fate, the same friendly couple from the gas station pulled up behind my car. With warm smiles and open hearts, they generously offered to drive me to my friend’s place in Oklahoma City. During the ride, we engaged in lively conversations, sharing stories and laughter as the miles passed by. Upon reaching our destination, the husband even handed me his business card as a gesture of goodwill and kindness.Appreciative of their unwavering help, I later expressed my gratitude through a heartfelt thank-you note. In response, they sent me a cherished Christmas gift along with a touching note as well. As the years passed, life threw another curveball my way. On a fateful day, I drove to a nearby town for an important meeting.Unfortunately, in my haste, I accidentally left my car’s lights on all day long. As dusk approached, I returned to my car, only to find that the battery had completely died. Thankfully, I noticed the Friendly Ford dealership conveniently located next door. Filled with hope, I entered the showroom, where I encountered two helpful salesmen.注意:1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。In a lighthearted tone, I asked, “Just how friendly is Friendly Ford ”____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________This heartwarming sequence of events serves as a reminder of the profound impact two simple words – “Thank you” ——can have.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 精品解析：江苏省常州市联盟校2023-2024学年高三10月调研英语试题（含听力）（原卷版）.docx 精品解析：江苏省常州市联盟校2023-2024学年高三10月调研英语试题（含听力）（解析版）.docx
资源列表