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炎陵县2023年下期高二10月份素质检测--英语卷
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读一遍。
1. What does the woman want to do
A. Graduate next semester. B. Get the form back. C. Meet the dean.
2. Where are the speakers now
A. In a building. B. On a bridge. C. In a car.
3. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. Sports. B. A park. C. A summer holiday.
4. What does the man remind the woman to pay
A. The phone bill. B. The water bill. C. The electricity bill.
5. What does the woman mean
A. She didn’t like the watch. B. She bought the watch for $50.
C. She didn’t have enough money.
第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并 标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第 6 和第 7 两个小题。
6. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Teacher and student. B. Colleagues. C. Classmates.
7. What does the woman plan to do right after lunch
A. Find Ms. Wong. B. Go to the gym. C. Have a PE class.
听下面一段对话，回答第 8 和第 9 两个小题。
8. Why does Mary call Mr. Green
A. To ask about a meeting. B. To make an appointment.
C. To remind him to see a dentist.
9. When will Mr. Green attend a parent-teacher meeting
A. On Thursday morning. B. On Thursday afternoon.
C. On Friday afternoon.
听下面一段对话，回答第 10 至第 12 三个小题。
10. What are the speakers most probably doing
A. Booking a hotel. B. Writing a hotel review.
C. Reading a brochure of a hotel.
11. What does the man like most
A. Open fires. B. Afternoon tea. C. The bedroom.
12. What do the speakers decide to do
A. Send a letter. B. Ask for a price list. C. Bargain over the price.
听下面一段对话，回答第 13 至第 16 四个小题。
13. Where does the conversation take place
A. At a cafe. B. At an airport. C. On the phone.
14. How does Nick sound
A. Worried. B. Curious. C. Excited.
15. Why will Mary go to San Diego
A. To study in a university. B. To spend a vacation. C. To see her sister.
16. What time is it now
A. About 6:00. B. About 7:00. C. About 8:30.
听下面一段独白，回答第 17 至第 20 四个小题。
17. What will the listeners do first at the Cookery School
A. Make some pizza. B. Eat chocolate cakes. C. Learn to grow vegetables.
18. What’s the price of the bus ticket
A. $3.55. B. $6.00. C. $9.55.
19. What should the listeners take
A. Sandwiches. B. A notebook. C. A pencil.
20. How are the parents advised to contact the speaker
A. By e-mail. B. Through the phone. C. Face to face.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Energy is the ability to do work. Solar energy comes from the Sun.There is also energy that comes from wind and water.
But do you know that energy can come from people, too When you pedal a bike, you produce energy. You use your legs to push the pedals. Your energy is transferred(转移) to the bike. That makes the bike move.
Now imagine riding your bike to create enough power to run a computer. Some students at one school did just that! They jumped on bikes connected to generators(发电机) and pedaled in place. Soon they were producing electricity. This energy is needed to run their computers.
Here is how bicycle-powered energy works. When a student pedals the bike, the back wheel spins(旋转). The wheel spins the generator. The generator produces electricity. As long as a student pedals the bicycle, electricity moves through the generator. The electricity can be used right away. This energy can also be stored and used later.
People use bicycle-powered energy to run small devices(设备) such as small televisions and fans. They often use less than 100 watts per hour. However, it would be a mistake to use pedal power to run a fridge. This large machine often uses more than 700 watts per hour. The electricity for these machines comes from power lines overhead or underground.
Pedal power can be seen in schools, gyms, and homes. What a fun way to provide electricity!
21. How does the writer lead into the topic “bicycle-powered energy”in Paragraph 2
A. By asking a question. B. By telling a joke.
C. By using an old saying. D. By making a survey.
22. What is Paragraph 5 mainly about
A. The future of new energy. B. The forms of world’s energy.
C. Producing bicycle-powered energy. D. Using bicycle-powered energy.
23. What do we know about bicycle-powered energy
A. It can’t be seen in schools. B. It can be stored and used later.
C It comes from wind and water. D. It’s from power lines overhead.
B
People believe that every word has its correct meaning (s). When we are not sure, we usually check online, or turn to our teachers or dictionaries. But do you know how dictionaries were made in the past
Dictionary writers first read the important books of the period or the subject that the dictionary was about. As they read, they copied necessary information on cards: interesting words, common words — both in their daily uses and unusual uses, and also the sentences where they were used. That is to say, the words, along with the uses of each word, were collected. For a really big dictionary, millions of such cards were collected. This task could last for years. As the cards were collected, they were put in alphabetical order (A -Z). When this was done, there would be several hundred cards for each single word.
Then, to define (定义) a word, the dictionary writer placed its hundreds of cards before him. He read the cards closely, threw away some, read the rest again, and divided up the cards according to what he thought were the common uses of the word. Finally, he wrote the definitions, following the hard-and-fast rule: each definition must come from an example on a certain card in front of him.
So, the writing of a dictionary was not a task of inventing meanings of words, but a task of recording their meanings. The writer of a dictionary was a historian, not a law maker.
As time develops, the way of producing dictionaries has greatly changed. Nowadays, we can use online dictionaries too. When choosing our words in speaking or writing, we can be guided by the dictionary. However, we cannot be controlled by it, because new situations, new experiences, new inventions, and new feelings are always pushing us to give new uses to old words.
24. Why did dictionary writers read important books
A. To know more about the period. B. To collect words and their uses.
C. To understand different subjects. D. To learn to use interesting words.
25. Which shows the correct steps of how dictionaries were made in the past
A. ①—③—④—② B. ①—②—④—③
C. ③—①—④—② D. ③—④—②—①
26. What can we learn from the passage about dictionary writing in the past
A. It was long-time hard work. B. It was a task of inventing and recording.
C. It should be done by historians. D. It had to use the law-making rules.
27. What does the writer advise us to do when we choose words in communication
A. Try to create new words. B. Follow the dictionary strictly.
C. Use online dictionaries instead. D. Be open to the new uses of words.
C
Tornadoes are nature’s most violent storms, which can cause deaths and destroy a neighborhood in seconds. A tornado appears as a rotating, funnel-shaped (漏斗形的) cloud that extends from a thunderstorm to the ground with whirling winds that can reach 300 miles per hour. Damage paths can be over one mile wide and 50 mileslong. Every state is at some risk from this disaster.
Some tornadoes can be seen clearly, while rain or nearby low-hanging clouds cover others. At many times, tornadoes develop so rapidly that little, if any, advance warning is possible.
Before a tornado hits, the air may become very still. A cloud of debris (散片) can mark the location of a tornado even if a funnel can not be seen. Tornadoes generally occur near the edge of a thunderstorm, when the strong wind may die down. It is not uncommon to see clear, sunlit skies behind a tornado.
The following are facts about tornadoes:
☆The average forward speed of a tornado is 30 MPH, but may vary from still to 70 MPH. Debris is picked up or a cloud forms in the funnel.
☆The average tornado moves southwest to northeast, but tornadoes have been known to move in any direction. Tornadoes are most often reported east of the Rocky Mountains during spring and summer months.
☆Tornadoes can happen together with tropical storms and hurricanes as they move onto land. Waterspouts are tornadoes that form over water.
☆Peak tornado season in the southern states of America is March through May; in the northern states, it is late spring through early summer. Tornadoes are most likely to occur between 3 p.m. and 9 p.m., but can occur at any time.
28. From the passage, we learn that tornadoes come from ______.
A. hurricanes B. great heat C. thunderstorms D. sandstorms
29. Which of the following scenes may NOT be seen before the coming of a tornado
A. The wind may die down. B. A clear and sunlit sky may appear.
C. The air may become still. D. Its position may be marked by clouds.
30. According to the passage, tornadoes ______.
A. only happen in the late hours of the day B. only move from southwest to northeast
C. may form over sea water D. often move at a speed of 70 MPH
31. The passage makes us believe that ______.
A. tornadoes warning systems are well-developed in many countries
B. of all the natural disasters, tornadoes cause the greatest damage
C. tornadoes are mostly seen in the southern states of America
D. tornadoes may strike so quickly that there is often little or no warning
D
It is often said the laughter is the best medicine. But researchers at the University of Oxford think the ability to belly laughs (捧腹大笑) was unique to early humans. This, they believe, made our ancestors (祖先) able to form much larger groups.
The researchers first tested the pain thresholds (临界值)of some volunteers. They divided them into two groups. One group was shown15 minutes of comedy videos, while the other was shown boring programs.
Through this experiment, the researchers found that those who had recently experienced belly laughs were able to withstand (忍受) up to10% more pain than they had done before watching the videos. To their surprise, the scientists also found that the other group was less able to with stand pain after watching 15 minutes of the “boring” programs.
Professor Robin Dunbar of Oxford University, who led the research, believed that belly laughs release chemicals called endorphins (安多芬) into the body which make us feel less painful.
However, not all comedy programs had such effects, according to Prof Dunbar. For example, though clever stand-up comedy was found to be enjoyable, it had no effect on raising pain thresholds.“Things that worked very well were interesting comedies such as Mr. Bean. Situation comedies such as Friends also seemed to be particularly successful,”he added.
In order to measure (测量) endorphin levels, the researchers put a bag of ice on the volunteers’ arms to see how long they could withstand them. They found that the greater the increase in pain thresholds, the greater the amount of endorphins produced.
The purpose of Prof Dunbar’s study was not to develop a new treatment. Instead, it was to study the role of laughter in the forming of human societies two million years ago.
“The next stage will be to see whether laughing really allows people to keep together and work as a group better and be more friendly towards each other. If that is the case, then it may explain why some two million years ago, the first humans were able to form large communities of up to 100,”Dunbar added.
32. Prof Dunbar’s study was to __________.
A. test the pain thresholds of humans
B. measure the endorphin levels while laughing
C. develop a new kind of medicine that reduces pain
D. explore the influence of laughter in forming human societies
33. In order to withstand more pain, we’d better _________ .
A. watch some scary films B. watch some beautiful pictures
C. watch some boring programs D. watch some comedy videos
34. The meaning of the underlined word “release” in the passage may be
A. look out B. stand out C. find out D. give out
35.What can we know from the last paragraph
A. More experiments about laughter will be carried out.
B. Laughter makes people keep together and work as a group.
C. People who laugh a lot are more friendly towards each other.
D. The first humans could only form small communities less than 100.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Discover Your Talent(天赋)
Talent tends to refer to that inborn skill that everyone seems to be born with. 36．_____ It’s good to try and identify and practice that skill.
Revisit your childhood. A good way to figure out where your talents lie is to go back to your childhood. 37．_____ This is often the time when you had plans that weren’t limited by what people tend to think of as “reality”.
Consider what it is you do when you lose track of time. One of the chief things you can do is focus on what you love to do so much that you have a tendency to forget everything else for a while. 38．______. You might have to research a bit deeper into the things you enjoy to discover what makes you feel satisfied.
39．_______. Sometimes, when you’re having difficulty seeing clearly, it’s good to get an outside opinion. Your friends and family members know you well and they should be able to offer you some insights into the areas they think you’re talented in.
Try new things. Especially if you’re not sure what your talents might be, you should get out and try new things. This way you’re more likely to hit on what it is that you’re really good at and that really makes you happy.
40．______. In your quest for your own talent you should look into the talents of other people.
A．Consider what you loved to do as a child
B．Ask others for better advice
C．You can use your talents in the service of kindness
D．Focus on the areas that you’re less talented in
E. Not all talents are going to be super obvious
F. Observe and enjoy the talents of other people
G. It’s true that having a talent can help you in life
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second 41 . he learned the value and beauty of 42_ there from a very young age.
When he was 16, Molai began to notice something 43 happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the 44 it caused had driven away a number of birds. 45 , the number of snakes had declined as well. He 46 that it was because there weren’t enough trees to protect them from the 47 . The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek 48 during the daytime. He turned to the 49 department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went looking on his own and 50 a nearby island where he began to plant trees.
51 young plants in the dry season was 52 for a lone boy. Molai built at the 53 of each sapling(幼树) a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to 54
rainwater. The water would then drip(滴落) on the plants below.
Molai 55 to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become to many plants and animals.
41.A.dream B.job C.home D.choice
42.A.nature B.youth C.culture D.knowledge
43.A.precious B.interesting C.disturbing D.awkward
44.A.waste B.tension C.pain D.damage
45.A.Besides B.However C.Therefore D.Otherwise
46.A.agreed B.realized C.remembered D.predicted
47.A.noise B.heat C.disease D.dust
48.A.directions B.partners C.help D.shelter
49.A.labor B.police C.forest D.finance
50.A.rebuilt B.discovered C.left D.managed
51.A.Decrating B.Observing C.Watering D.Guarding
52.A.tough B.illegal C.fantastic D.beneficial
53.A.back B.top C.foot D.side
54.A.cool down B.keep off C.purify D.collect
55.A.returned B.learned C.failed D.continued
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The day began like any other on Goldshore Beach. People were walking ,running or simply sitting on the sandy beach, 56.________ (enjoy) the warm sea air and the soft wind that brushed their hair 57._______ Sabrina, one of the happy 58.________ (tour), noticed something odd. She had just 59.________ (learn) about tsunamis in a Geography lesson. 60.________ immediately occurred to her that these were signs of 61._______ approaching tsunami.
Sabrina was 62._________ (frighten), but she soon kept her head. She warned her parents 63. ________ the danger, though at first they just thought she was joking. However, Sabrina was certain that a terrible disaster was on its way and kept asking her parents 64.________ (talk) to a safety officer. To her great relief, the officer immediately realized the coming danger. The beach 65.________ (clear) of people rapidly, just before the huge waves crashed into the coast.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
应用文写作（满分15分）
假定你是李华，写一封信给你的朋友Tom，向他阐述保护野生动物的重要性、人类活动对野生动物的伤害和保护野生动物的方法。
注意：
词数100左右；
书信必须涵盖所有要点；
2. 可以适当使用连词和过渡句，以使行文连贯。
读后续写（满分25分）
读故事，然后根据所给句子写两段，给故事一个合理的结尾。
My school had a tradition during the ninth-grade graduation: a beautiful gold and green (the school colors) jacket, was awarded to the student who had maintained the highest grades for nine years.
I had been a straight A student since the first grade and had looked forward very much to owning that jacket. My father was a farm laborer who couldn’t earn enough money to feed five children. I was given to my grandparents to raise. There would never be a school sports jacket for us. This scholarship jacket was my only chance.
One day in May, I happened to overhear Mr Schmidt, my history teacher, and Mr Boone, my math teacher arguing about me in the office. “I refuse to do it! I don’t care who her father is; her grades can’t match Martha’s at all. I won’t lie or falsify (伪造)records.” said Mr Schmidt angrily.
But Mr Boone’s voice sounded calm. “Joann’s father is not only on the board (董事会), he owns the only store in town: we could say it was a close tie and...”
Shaking and sad, I waited a few minutes and walked away.
The next day when the principal called me into his office.，“Martha,” he said, “There’s been a change in policy this year regarding the scholarship jacket. This year the board has decided to charge fifteen dollars, which still won’t cover the complete cost of the jacket. So if you are unable to pay the money for the jacket, it will be given to the next one in line.”
Standing with all the dignity I could find, I said,“I’ll speak to my grandfather about it, sir, and let you know tomorrow.” I cried on the way home.
注意: 续写词数应为150左右。
By the time I got home, my eyes were red and swollen. I found my grandpa in the bean field.__________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________.
I dragged into the principal’s office the next day, sad and disappointed.___________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.
参考答案
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
1-5 ACBCC 6-10 CABCC 11-15 BBCBC 16-20 ACACB
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
21-23:ADB 24-27:BCAD 28-31:CBCD 32-35DDDA
36-40．GAEBF
第三部分 知识运用
41-45CACDA 46-50BBDCB 51-55CABDD
56 enjoying 57 when 58 tourists 59 learnt\learned 60 It
61 an 62 frightened 63 of 64 to talk 65 was cleared
写作
应用文写作（满分15分）
(略)
读后续写（满分25分）
By the time I got home, my eyes were red and swollen. I found my grandpa in the bean field. Sensing something wrong, he asked me what happened with great concern. I murmured the principal’s words, a wave of regret coming up at my heart. I really hated to see my gray-haired grandpa’s disappointment. Grandpa’s eyes rounded in disbelief. Time ticking by, he gave out a long sigh, “My child, an award bought can’t be called an award.” I nodded understandingly. But who knew how reluctant and bitter I was
I dragged into the principal’s office the next day, sad and disappointed. My head still lifted with dignity. I tried to fight back the tears, stammering, “I cannot...afford the jacket, sir.” Staring into my eyes, the principal suddenly grinned, “I have good news for you.” I looked at him in confusion. “The board decided that an award cannot be bought just for the sake of winners’ dignity.” I pinched my hand only to find I was not dreaming. Only at that moment did I believe that Mr Schmidt and my grandpa were right: never can awards be bought.

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