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必修三 Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations 知识清单
一、语法点：V-ing做定语和表语
非谓语：1. to do (表目的和将来）
doing (v-ing)(表主动和正在进行）：现在分词、动名词
done（v-ed）(表被动和完成）
动词-ing形式由“动词原形 + ing”构成。动词-ing形式可在句中作主语，宾语，表语，定语，宾语补足语和状语，但是不能单独作谓语。
V-ing 做表语
现在分词做表语
The argument is very convincing．
. They were very shocked at the news.
分词作表语，多表示主语具有的特征和状态。
现在分词（doing）作表语，多表示主语具有的特征，常译为令人……;
过去分词作表语(done)，多表示主语具有的状态，常译为感到……。
动名词做表语
（1）. Seeing is believing.
（2）. Her job is cleaning the windows of that high building.
动名词作表语与主语通常是对等的关系，表示主语的内容，主语、表语可互换位置。
V-ing 做现在分词和动名词的区别：现在分词说明主语的特征；动名词说明主语的内容。因此，动名词作表语可以和主语互换位置，而现在分词不可以作主语。
V-ing 做定语
1.V-ing作前置定语——相当于形容词
动词ing形式作定语的意义
动名词作定语表示名词的性质、特征或用途。
现在分词作定语表示名词的状态：进行、主动。
2.V-ing做后置定语
现在分词（doing）短语作定语时，通常做后置定语，其作用相当于定语从句。
总结：
1. -ing形式作定语：
单个动词的-ing形式作定语, 位于被修饰名词的前面,相当于形容词，表示被修饰者的作用和功能，被修饰者的性质和用途，被修饰者正在进行的动作。
-ing形式短语作定语，相当于一个定语从句。
2. -ing形式作表语：可分为现在分词和动名词
现在分词可看做形容词，翻译为“使人……的”
动名词则说明主语的内容。
写作
好句鉴赏：
1.这一节日于每年农历六月初四开始，持续三天。
The festival falls on the forth day of the sixth month of the lunar calender,usually lasting for three days.
2.我看到许多人身着华丽的蒙古袍。
I saw a lot of people wearing fancy Mongolian robes.
3.这刚与柔的展示深深地打动了我。
I was quite moved by their show of strength and grace.
晚会上精彩的表演深深地打动了我。
I was quite moved by the wonderful performance at the evening party.
4.我顿时明白了为什么人们说“马是蒙古文化的核心”。
That was the moment I started to understand why people say “Horses are at the heart of Mongolian culture”.
我顿时明白了为什么人们说“团圆是中国人的信仰”。
That was the moment I started to understand why people say “Reunion is the belief of the Chinese people”.
5.(那达慕大会）它主要有三大赛事：赛马，摔跤和射箭，每项运动都动人心魄。
It (The Naadam Festival) is represented by three events: horse racing, wrestling, and archery, which are all so exciting to watch!
元宵节(Lantern Festival)主要有三项活动：赏花灯，舞狮子，猜灯谜，每项运动都十分有趣。
The Lantern Festival is represented by three events: watching lanterns, performing Lion Dance, and guessing lantern riddles, which are all interesting!
单词补充：
节日
Spring Festival 春节 Tomb-sweeping Festival 清明节
Lantern Festival 元宵节 Dragon Boat Festival 端午节
Mid-Autumn Festival中秋节 Lunar New Year’s Eve 除夕活动
Lunar New Year's dinner 年夜饭 Spring Festival Gala 春晚
a thorough cleaning 大扫除 Spring Festival couplets春联
set off fireworks 放烟花 watch lanterns 赏灯
guess lantern riddles 猜灯谜 Dragon Boat racing 赛龙舟
rice dumplings 粽子 mooncakes 月饼 have a get-together 聚会
pay a visit to sb. 拜访某人 be busy doing 忙于……
写作实践
你校英语报 Festival 栏目正面向全校学生征稿,请你用英语写一篇短文，介绍你的一次节日经历，并投稿。
注意：1.词数80左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
写作指导
本写作可以分为三部分：
第一部分：说明节日名称并简单介绍；
第二部分：具体叙述节日的准备活动和庆祝活动；
第三部分：总结节日经历并表明自己的感受。
The Mid-Autumn Festival
The Mid-Autumn Festival, which is one of the most popular traditional festivals in China, falls on the fifteenth day of the eighth month of the lunar calender. It is a great time for families to get together.
I still remember my family celebrating the Mid-Autumn Festival last year. During the day, we prepared all the dishes for a great feast and bought several types of mooncakes. As darkness fell, all my family enjoyed the delicious mooncakes, various fruits and other tasty food while admiring the shining moon. Over dinner, we talked about what was going on with us recently.
It was a really joyful festival experience.The festival experience made me realize the importance of family and inspired me to spend more time with my family.

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