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Unit5单词用法详解
Unit5单词用法 Section A
chopstick /’t pst k/ n.筷子
常用复数形式chopsticks；a pair of chopsticks several pairs of chopsticks
coin /k n/ n.硬币 Every coin has two sides. 事物都有两面性。
fork /f :(r)k/ n.餐叉;叉子 Westerners have meals with forks.
blouse /bla z/ n. (女士)短上衣;衬衫
The blouse looks nice. What is it made of
silver /’s lv (r) / un.银;银器 The cup is made of silver.
adj.银色的 The woman in the silver car is my aunt.
glass /glɑ:s/ un.玻璃
... piece(s) of glass broken glass碎玻璃
补充: ①glass作可数名词,意为“玻璃杯”,其复数形式为glasses;
②glasses(复数形式) 意为“眼镜”
There are two glasses and a pair of glasses on the desk.
cotton /’k tn/ un.棉;棉花 The sweater is made of cotton.
steel /sti:l/ n. 钢;钢铁The fork is made of steel.
9. fair /fe (r)/ n.展览会;交易会 adj.公平的；白皙的
book fair 书展 trade fair 商品交易会
at art and science fair在艺术和科学展览会
fair adj.合理的;公正的 unfair adj.不合理的;不公正的
fairness n.公正;公平
environmental / n,va r n’mentl/ adj.自然环境的;有关环境的
environmental protection 自然环境的保护
environmental pollution 环境污染
environment n. 环境
Everyone should play a part in protecting our environment.
grass /grɑ:s/ n. 草;草地
Keep off the grass. 请勿践踏草坪
He likes to lie on the grass on sunny days.
leaf /li:f/ n.叶;叶子 复数: leaves
The tree has green leaves all year round. 这棵树四季常青.
拓展:以-f(e)结尾,将其变为-ves构成复数的名词
wolf---wolves(狼) life--- lives(生命)
knife----knives(刀) half-- -halves(一半)
wife----wives(妻子) thief---thieves(小偷)
shelf---shelves(架子) self---selves(自己)
produce /pr ’dju:s/ v.生产;制造;出产
produce fruit 结果实
produce v.生产;制造;出产
product n. (人工的)产品;制品;(自然的)产物
production n.生产 producer n.生产商
widely /’wa dli/ adv.广泛地;普遍地
English is widely used in many countries.
wide adj. 宽的;广泛的 width n. 宽度
There is a wide rode in front of my house.
be known for 以...闻名;为人知晓
Trupan is known for grapes. 吐鲁番因葡萄而闻名.
be known for“以...闻名;为人知晓”=be famous for,后接出名原因的名词。
be known as“作为...而出名”=be famous as,其后接表示身份,职业的名词。
be known to“为...所熟知”=be famous to，其后常接表示出名范围的名词。
Hong Kong _______________ its shopping streets.
Hong Kong _______________ a shopping city.
Hong Kong _______________ people all over the world.
process /’pr ses/ v.加工;处理 n.过程
①作动词 The shop processes silver.
②作名词 The training of astronauts is a long process.
in the process of … 在…的过程中
pack / p k/ v.包装;装箱 n. package 包裹
①作动词 Tea is already packed.
We usually pack shirts in paper bags.
②作名词 a pack of... “一包...”
I bought a pack of candies.
product /’ pr d kt/ n.产品;制品
France /frɑ ns/ 法国
French n.法语 adj.法国(人)的;法语的
Have you ever been to _________
I can speak a little __________.
拓展: Frenchman,意为“法国人”复数形式为“Frenchmen”
no matter 不论;无论
与what, who, when, where, how等疑问词连用,引导让步状语从句.-------主将从现
no matter what = whatever 无论什么no matter who = whoever无论谁
no matter when =whenever 无论何时no matter where =wherever 无论哪里
no matter how =however 无论怎样
_________ you say, I won't agree with you. __________you are, you must follow the rules.
local /’l kl/ adj.当地的;本地的
local people当地人;本地人 local school 当地的学校
brand /br nd/ n.品牌; 牌子 a brand name 品牌名称，商标
avoid / ’v d/ v.避免;回避 avoid (doing) sth 避免(做)某事
Maybe we can't avoid making mistakes, but we can avoid making the same mistakes.
handbag /’h ndb g/ n. 小手提包
25. mobile /’m ba l/ adj. 可移动的;非固定的 mobile phone 手机
everyday /’evride / adj. 每天的;日常的
everyday life 日常生活 (daily life)
everyday things 日常用品 (daily things)
辨析: everyday和every day
everyday adj.“每天的;日常的”,在句中作定语修饰名词.
every day 副词短语,“每天”,在句中作时间状语.
I learn some __________ English on TV ____________.
boss /b s/ n. 老板;上司 pl. bosses
Germany /’d (r)m ni/ 德国
German n.德国人 复数Germans ; 德语 adj. 德国(人)的
拓展：“某国人单变复”：中日瑞不变(Chinese/Japanese/Swiss)，英法变(Englishman/Frenchman)，其他都把S添。
He lives in __________ with his parents now. There are two __________ in our class.
surface /’s (r)f s/ n.表面;表层
on the surface of... 在.....的表面上；surface area 表面积 the earth's surface 地球表面
material /m ’t ri l/ n.材料;原料
The blouse feels really soft. What kind of material is it made of
traffic /’tr f k/ un.交通;路上行驶的车辆
traffic accidents 交通事故 traffic lights / rules交通灯/交通规则
heavy /busy traffic 车水马龙; 拥挤的交通
In order to get there on time, we have to start early because of the heavy traffic.
postman /’p stm n/ n.邮递员 注意：复数形式为 postmen
cap /k p/ n. (尤指有帽舌的)帽子
辨析:cap和hat cap常指无边但有帽舌的帽子,通常与制服配套,如军帽等.
hat常指四周有檐的帽子,也指帽子的总称.
glove /gl v/ n. (分手指的)手套 a pair of gloves 一副手套 wear gloves戴手套
Unit5单词用法 Section B
international /, nt (r)'n n l/ adj. 国际的
international trade 国际贸易
nation n.国家;民族； national adj.国家的;全国的 National Day 国庆节
petitor /k m'pet t (r)/ n.参赛者;竞争者
compete v.竞争;比赛 compete with ... 与...竞争
compete against... 与...对抗；compete for... 为了...而竞争
competition n.竞争;比赛 singing competition歌唱比赛
37. its / ts/ adj.它的 既是形容词性物主代词,又是名词性物主代词
I have a cute dog and its name is coco. it---it--its---its---itself注意：It’s 是It is的缩写
form /f :(r)m/ n.形式;类型
a form / kind / type of … 一种/类... in the form of... 以…的形式
拓展: ① form作名词,还可意为“表格” Please fill in the form.
② form还可作动词,意为“建立;组织”They formed an English club.
form a habit of...= develop a habit of... 养成...习惯
39. clay /kle / n.黏土; 陶土 Chinese clay art中国陶艺
40. celebration /,sel 'bre n/ n.庆典;庆祝活动 celebrate v.庆祝; 庆贺
① 庆祝;庆典活动(可数名词).
We will hold a celebration next week.
② 庆祝;祝贺(不可数名词).
Many foreign friends were invited to take part in the celebration of
the 70th anniversary of China.
balloon /b 'lu:n/ Cn.气球
paper cutting 剪纸
scissors /'s z (r)z/ n. (pl.) 剪刀 a pair of scissors 一把剪刀
英语中像scissors 这样，由两个对称部分组成的物品还有:
jeans牛仔裤 pants长裤 glasses眼镜shoes鞋子 shorts短裤
gloves 手套 compasses圆规 trouser裤子 socks 袜子
rock-paper-scissors （“剪刀石头布”的英语表达法）
lively /'la vli/ adj.生气勃勃的; (色彩)鲜艳的
Maybe she is 80 years old, but she is still lively.(精力充沛)
lively and interesting livelier / liveliest
辨析:lively, living, live和alive
lively “生气勃勃的;(色彩)鲜艳的”,常作定语,表语或宾语补足语.(既可指人,又可指物)
living “活着的”,强调说明“健在”,常作表语(作表语时相当于alive)或定语.(多用于指物,也可指人)
live读作/la v/时,意为“活的”,一般作定语.(一般只修饰物.不修饰人)
alive“活着的”,侧重生与死之间的界限,常作表语,宾语补足语或后置定语.(多用于指人,也可指物)
fairy /'fe ri/ tale 童话故事The little girl is like a princess in a fairy tale.
historical /h 'st r kl/ adj. (有关)历史的 history n.历史 historian n.历史学家 historic adj.历史上著名(或重要)的；有历史意义的
He likes reading books about historical stories.
heat /hi:t/ n.热;高温 v.加热;变热
作名词“热;高温” at a very high heat以高温
The sun gives us light and heat.
Steel is usually fired at a very high heat.
作动词“加热;变热” heat up 加热 heat sth fully充分加热某物
polish /'p l / v.磨光;修改;润色 polish your handwriting改进书写
Can you polish the top of the table
I advise you to polish your article before sending it to the editor.
complete /k m'pli:t/ v.完成
complete (doing) sth完成(做)某事
拓展:complete还可作adj.意为“完整的;完全的” completely adv.完全地;彻底地
The idea has changed my life ____________.
Korea /k 'ri: / n.朝鲜;韩国 Korean adj.韩国的;韩国人的 n.韩国人;韩国语
U5单元语法：一般现在时的被动语态：
时态主要讨论行为动词发生的时间，即时间状态：现在/过去/将来
语态主要讨论句子主语与行为动词的关系。语态有两种：主动语态/被动语态
被动语态考察点：与不同时态相结合的被动语态结构(be 有时态，人称和数的变化。)
一般现在时的被动语态结构：
肯定句 主语+am/is/are+V过去分词（+by...）.
否定句 主语+am/is/are+not+V过去分词（+by...）.
一般疑问句Am/Is/Are+主语+V过去分词（+by...）
特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+am/is/are+主语+V过去分词（+by...）
做题技巧：在语篇中，判断出be 后需填写动词时，代入汉语判断主语与动词是否存在被动，倒推同理。
注意：
①被动语态中的谓语动词必须是及物动词；因为被动句中的主语是动作的承受者
②有些不及物动词加介词构成及物动词短语用于被动语态时，不能把介词省掉。如 look after, laugh at ,put up on等。
③主动语态中，make,let,hear,see,watch,notice 等词后省略动词不定式作为宾语补足语，
但在被动语态中，要还原动词不定式to
即：主动语态：make /let sb do sth 被动语态:sb be made/let to do sth
主动语态：hear/see/watch/notice sb do sth
被动语态:sb be heard/seen/watched/noticed to do sth

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