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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 8 Natural disasters 完形填空（含解析）牛津译林版英语八年级上册
Do you live in a city You’ve probably noticed how noisy and 1 cities can be. What if you could live next to a calm lake or river 2
As it turns out, living near 3 , such as oceans, lakes, rivers or ponds, can help us feel both happier and healthier. Those who live less than a kilometer 4 the coast are around 22 percent less likely to 5 mental(精神的) problems than those who live 50 km or more away, according to a study by researchers from the University of Exeter, UK. People who visit the coast at least twice a week tend to(倾向于) 6 better physical and mental health as well.
So how does “ 7 space” make us feel better For one thing, aquatic(与水相关的) environments tend to have less pollution and more sunlight, 8 of which are linked (与……有关) to better mental and physical health. People who get more sun tend to be 9 than those who do not.
There’s also the air above the sea. After 10 time near the ocean, you might find that you feel more 11 than usual. This is 12 sea air is charged(带电的) with negative ions(负离子). These ions balance our levels of serotonin, a body chemical that has an effect on our mood. With balanced serotonin levels, we feel more calm and relaxed, according to Daily Mail.
13 , people who live near water tend to be more physically active, according to The Guardian. Water sports like 14 and rowing can help us stay in shape, which in turn 15 us healthy.
1．A．clean B．beautiful C．crowded D．convenient
2．A．too B．instead C．alone D．together
3．A．land B．water C．forests D．mountains
4．A．at B．in C．with D．from
5．A．have B．reach C．solve D．create
6．A．choose B．understand C．control D．experience
7．A．green B．blue C．white D．grey
8．A．each B．both C．either D．neither
9．A．funnier B．sadder C．happier D．weaker
10．A．spending B．winning C．wasting D．losing
11．A．afraid B．bored C．relaxed D．worried
12．A．because B．where C．whether D．how
13．A．Quickly B．Finally C．Suddenly D．Luckily
14．A．running B．walking C．swimming D．jumping
15．A．keeps B．finds C．leaves D．drives
Nearly everyone in the world eats some of it every day. In fact, you cannot live without it. It’s usually white and it has a strong 16 . Every cell (细胞) in your body has it. Tears and sweat (眼泪和汗水) have it too. What is it As you may have 17 , it is salt.
Since the beginning of time, salt has been a (n) 18 part of people’s lives. It was once used by the Romans to pay 19 soldiers (士兵). In parts of Africa, it was used 20 money to pay for things. The oceans are filled with it. You can get it from the earth as well. Pour it on food, 21 you can stop the food from going bad.
Today, salt is used to make thousands of products. Sometimes it is 22 used to make clothes. In cold places that are covered with snow and ice in winter, people 23 salt on the roads to melt (使融化) the ice. Driving would be much more dangerous if not for salt.
Many 24 in English are connected to salt. For example, sometimes, it is said that a person is “worth” (值得) his salt. That 25 the person works very hard and is important. Remember that the Roman soldiers were paid in salt This is probably where the expression comes from.
16．A．smell B．taste C．voice D．feeling
17．A．decided B．planned C．guessed D．mentioned
18．A．new B．secret C．important D．independent
19．A．his B．her C．its D．their
20．A．as for B．because of C．instead of D．according to
21．A．and B．but C．or D．though
22．A．still B．even C．again D．just
23．A．mix B．serve C．heat D．spread
24．A．signs B．stories C．expressions D．communities
25．A．means B．warns C．seems D．suggests
It was 3:43. Thunder (雷) was crashing and the rain was pouring. Suddenly my father rushed 26 my room. “Adam! Adam! Get up!” He shouted and 27 me by the shoulders. That woke me up! I ran downstairs to the basement (地下室). It was like a swimming pool. My mother and I immediately started to 28 things and take them upstairs. I had no shoes on, so my feet felt quite cold.
Things got 29 every minute. Within the next hour, we had moved everything that we could to the first floor. The computer, big-screen TV and heavy boxes filled with our most valuable things were taken to safety. 30 , our piano, sofa, washing machine and water beater were all still down there — being destroyed. There was nothing we could do.
Knowing that your home is being destroyed is bad enough, but realizing that you can’t do anything to 31 it feels even worse. Water had come in our front door. Rescue (营救) boats were floating in our streets. Mother told 32 to pack an overnight bag of clothes and valuables and get ready to leave.
When it was 33 safe to walk outside, all the people in the neighborhood gathered at the street corner. People became friends, 34 friends became like family. People comforted (安慰) each other. We learnt later that the storm became a flash flood.
I really have learnt 35 from this flood. I’ve learnt what destruction (毀灭) is and what safety means. I know in the future, when I watch people’s lives affected by natural disasters, I can understand them. I will show my great pity on them and try my best to help them.
26．A．on B．from C．into D．at
27．A．beat B．shook C．touched D．hit
28．A．take up B．make up C．pick up D．set up
29．A．better B．worse C．easier D．more
30．A．However B．Like C．Instead D．For example
31．A．keep B．throw C．afford D．stop
32．A．her B．them C．me D．you
33．A．hardly B．quickly C．finally D．slowly
34．A．so B．or C．and D．but
35．A．anything B．something C．everything D．nothing
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The December day started like any other. Papa came back with his boat full of fish. Mama made breakfast for the family. Seven-year-old Joonas was doing his homework, while his two little brothers ran around the yard. That day seemed peaceful, but Alejo 36 better.
Alejo felt shaking in his legs, and his ears perked up (竖着), listening for what had already 37 . Alejo made a crying sound, and Mama said, “Sh!” Alejo barked (吠), and Joonas complained, “Quiet, I’m trying to 38 .”
Suddenly, a strange roaring (轰鸣) sound began. Papa ran to a nearby building’s roof (屋顶) to 39 what was happening. But Alejo knew better. The shaking of the ground 40 up his padded paws (肉掌). He wanted to run, but he didn’t dare to leave his family.
“Why were they 41 Didn’t they know that a great earthquake had roared under the ocean and would soon bring strong waves onto the land ” Alejo thought.
And then Papa shouted with 42 from the rooftop, “Tsunami (海啸)! Run!”
Mama cried, “Sons, come on! She grabbed (抓) a little one under each arm. “Joonas, run! You’re fast and strong. Follow me up the 43 . Fast!”
But the roar had gotten louder, 44 her words. All that Joonas had heard was, “Run!” And he ran back home where he thought he would be 45 . Alejo barked and barked, but the tsunami made it 46 to hear his voice, too.
Alejo gently bit (咬) Joonas’s feet, but the boy wouldn’t move. “ 47 ,” Joonas pushed the dog away, but Alejo would not give up. He grabbed Joonas’s shirt in his 48 . He pulled and pulled until his mouth broke. With all his strength, he pulled Joonas back outside and hit him from behind. Finally, the boy 49 .
Alejo ran toward the hill, looking back to make sure Joonas was following. They raced uphill as the huge wall of 50 ran after them. Alejo and Joonas didn’t stop running until they reached higher up the hill and met their family. And they had a mother-father-brothers-dog thankful hug.
36．A．knew B．grew C．felt D．became
37．A．returned B．moved C．started D．stopped
38．A．sleep B．speak C．think D．listen
39．A．deal with B．find out C．worry about D．look through
40．A．held B．pushed C．woke D．traveled
41．A．cooking B．waiting C．playing D．complaining
42．A．pain B．anger C．pity D．fear
43．A．hill B．roof C．boat D．land
44．A．passing on B．cutting off C．breaking down D．leaving out
45．A．warm B．brave C．safe D．free
46．A．hard B．possible C．late D．clear
47．A．Run B．Go C．Come D．Look
48．A．feet B．paws C．teeth D．legs
49．A．refused B．understood C．promised D．escaped
50．A．wood B．sand C．stone D．water
阅读下面A、B两篇短文，掌握其大意，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选择可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。
People often use “Choubaguai” to play jokes on others’ looks. However, at first, this word did not refer to 51 people. In the Qing Dynasty, there was a special group of eight painters in Yangzhou: Jin Nong, Zheng Xie, Huang Shen, Li Shan, Li Fangying, Wang Shishen, Luo Pin and Gao Xiang. Most of them were born into poor families. So they put their feelings about life into paintings by 52 how common people lived.These paintings were different from 53 of other artists.
Other artists didn’t like their paintings. They dismissed （对……不屑一提） them as “Yangzhou Baguai”. Their paintings 54 “Choubaguai” by some artists. However, common people were interested in their paintings. Their painting styles still have a great 55 on painters in modern times.
51．A．strange B．ugly C．Perfect
52．A．landing B．supporting C．showing
53．A．that B．those C．these
54．A．called B．are called C．were called
55．A．influence B．introduction C．situation
When you picture carrots at the market, you probably think of many orange carrots. Well, here’s news for you—the original(最早的) color of carrots was not 56 ! Carrots can come in a rainbow of other colors.
The original home of carrots was the dry and hot lands of Iran and Afghanistan in Central Asia. They then 57 to neighboring Arabian, African and Asian lands. People there all accepted carrots soon and started crossbreeding(杂交繁育) and creating new 58 of this vegetable. Even in those ancient times, many colors of carrots were 59 —purple, yellow, red, black and white. Interestingly, the orange color that we 60 see today was not present. In ancient Egypt, plenty of carrots were 61 in front of the tombs of pharaohs(法老墓), which could be a telling example of how 62 carrots were in ancient times. The most popular color of carrots in ancient Egypt was purple. They were used not only for eating but also for medicine.
Our popular orange carrots today didn’t appear 63 the 17th century when some Dutch farmers 64 in growing the first orange ones. As for the orange carrots, there is a 65 saying that they were planted in honor of William of Orange, who led the Dutch War of Independence. Is that true We truly don’t know. Well, no matter what the fact is, one thing is for sure—the carrots do have a colorful history.
56．A．red B．orange C．yellow D．purple
57．A．brought B．sent C．spread D．arrived
58．A．reasons B．ways C．chances D．types
59．A．present B．missing C．terrible D．valuable
60．A．seldom B．hardly C．usually D．never
61．A．sold B．visited C．thrown D．placed
62．A．popular B．expensive C．cheap D．tiny
63．A．before B．until C．after D．when
64．A．succeeded B．wasted C．pointed D．reached
65．A．thing B．lie C．story D．poem
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Have you ever heard of e-waste How do you deal with your Mp4 players, mobile phones and your computers when they’re broken or you want a new one
Most people just throw them away. With the 66 of electronic industry, e-waste pollution has become a serious problem. According to the UN, in 2014, people around the world produced 41.8 million tons of e-waste and only 67 less than 20% of it. The USA was 68 waster in the world, producing 7.1 million tons. China came second, 69 6 million tons.
It’s important to pay attention to e-waste. It can be 70 valuable or harmful, depending on what we do with it. E-waste is a valuable urban mine (城市矿藏). The value of the metals, like gold and silver is 71 . And the metals can be reused, but if people throw them away, the toxic (有毒的) chemicals can 72 the earth or air, they will affect the environment and people’s health.
Now, Apple recycles people’s used products in China when they’re buying new 73 . The company will test and repair them and then sell them at lower prices. 74 e-waste, we can buy longer lasting electronic products. If you don’t want your electronics, find a new home for them. You can also take them to see 75 companies can offer recycling programs.
66．A．developing B．developed C．development D．develop
67．A．recycled B．rebuilt C．researched D．refused
68．A．big B．bigger C．the biggest D．larger
69．A．during B．with C．between D．in
70．A．both B．either C．neither D．none
71．A．amazing B．disappointing C．boring D．embarrassing
72．A．get up B．get into C．get on D．get off
73．A．them B．those C．ones D．it
74．A．To increase B．To reduce C．To keep D．To prevent
75．A．that B．where C．whether D．what
At 2:00 p.m., 76 February 6th, 2023, a strong earthquake of level 7.8 hit Turkey. The earthquake was 77 terrible that it made most buildings fall down in the city, and thousands of people were 78 under the fallen buildings. The number of victims (遇难者), 79 the injured people, was raising quickly. People 80 lost their homes were looking for places to spend the hard time.
The first group of Blue Sky Rescue (BSR) from China reached Turkey as soon as the earthquake happened. On February 8th, 81 127 members from different parts of China, got together in Wuhan, China. They 82 for Turkey to take part in the local earthquake rescue.
Although the weather and the situation were bad, the rescuers of BSR were 83 trying to search in the ruins, hoping to find more survivors (幸存者). Up to 3:00 a.m. 13th, China Blue Sky Rescue has searched 302 buildings, finding 7 survivors and 78 victims. They let the world to see “the Chinese speed” and “the Chinese strength”.
76．A．in B．on C．at
77．A．so B．much C．very
78．A．arrived B．caught C．got
79．A．as good as B．as well as C．as many as
80．A．who B．when C．where
81．A．else B．more C．another
82．A．left B．arrived C．reached
83．A．also B．still C．either
请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入相应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When I drive my dog Heidi out, she always sticks her head out of the car window. She looks up at the blue sky and the wind 84 in her face. It seems that she is enjoying the views and the cool wind. In fact, she’s letting the air waft (吹拂) up her 85 .
As air wafts into a dog’s nose, it can take one of 86 paths—the upper, middle or lower passage (通道). The upper passage is used for smelling, 87 the lower one mainly serves for breathing. The upper passage (see picture 1) is like a complex maze (复杂的迷宫). When air floats 88 the maze, it meets nearly 300 million olfactory receptors (ORs, 嗅觉受体). Humans only have six million ORs by comparison. The more olfactory receptors a person or an animal 89 , the better their sense of smell is. The 300 million ORs in a dog’s nose enable it to 90 even the tiniest of differences in odor (气味). Even after a certain odor has seemingly disappeared from the air, a dog is 91 able to notice it. In fact, dogs can 92 odors from more than twenty kilometers away. Unbelievable!
When an odor meets an olfactory receptor, the receptor sends a(n) 93 to the brain. The smelling part of a dog’s brain is 40 times larger than ours. This helps them to 94 special smells from different places. While you may remember a certain store by name, your dog may remember that same store by the odors inside of it.
The smell inside a car is pretty boring. It is like watching the 95 show for the tenth time in a day. However, outside the 96 is new world. New smells can be fresh and 97 to dogs.
But of course, only getting to experience the world through their noses is 98 not enough. New sights and sounds outside the car window also make dogs feel more in control. All of their senses work together to create the whole picture.
84．A．stands B．flies C．blows D．hits
85．A．leg B．nose C．tail D．foot
86．A．two B．three C．four D．five
87．A．but B．although C．because D．while
88．A．with B．through C．by D．across
89．A．has B．holds C．makes D．gets
90．A．give off B．care about C．pick up D．look for
91．A．ever B．only C．just D．still
92．A．taste B．felt C．smell D．sound
93．A．message B．information C．record D．suggestion
94．A．miss B．search C．remember D．forget
95．A．interesting B．popular C．different D．same
96．A．hole B．store C．window D．door
97．A．boring B．exciting C．harmful D．ugly
98．A．simply B．lately C．normally D．widely
You have waited 45 minutes for the valuable 10 minutes’ break between classes. But when the bell for the next class rings, you can’t believe how 99 time has passed.
If you are familiar with this scene, you’ll know how time flies when you are having fun. Now scientists have thought over a reason why this is the case.
Scans (扫描仪) have shown that patterns of activity in the brain 100 according to how we focus on a task. When we feel 101 , we concentrate (专心于) more on how time is passing. And this makes our brains think the clock is ticking more slowly.
In an experiment carried out by a French laboratory, 12 volunteers watched an image while researchers monitored their brain activity.
The volunteers were told to first concentrate on 102 an image appeared for, then focus on the colour of the image, and thirdly, study both duration and colour. The results showed that the 103 was more active when the volunteers paid attention to more subjects.
It is thought that if the brain is focusing on many aspects of a task, it has to spread its resources, and pays 104 attention to the clock. Therefore, time passes without us really noticing it, and seems to go quickly. If the brain is not so active, it concentrates its full energies on monitoring the passing of time. As a result, time seems to drag.
Next time you feel bored in class, perhaps you should pay more attention to what the teacher is saying!
99．A．slowly B．quickly C．terribly D．foolishly
100．A．change B．develop C．grow D．stop
101．A．interested B．bored C．excited D．active
102．A．how often B．how soon C．how long D．how fast
103．A．time B．experiment C．clock D．brain
104．A．much B．more C．some D．less
Paper is probably one of the most common things that we see and use in our daily life. “Just 105 a day without paper,” reads one advertisement from a Finnish paper company. It adds, “You can 106 see our products everywhere.” And they’re right. But in most countries, people are so 107 to paper—whether it’s used for packing food, for drying hands or for 108 them with the daily news—that its 109 in their daily lives is always unnoticed.
At one 110 paper was in short supply and was used mainly for important documents. But recently, the rapid development of new technologies has 111 a huge increase in the amount of paper used. Today, there are more than 450 different 112 of paper, all designed for a different 113 . Decades ago, some people predicted a “paperless office”. 114 , the wide use of new technologies has resulted in an increased use of paper. The link between technology and the use of paper has become closer from then 115 .
However, the costs in paper production, 116 electricity, water and labor (劳动力), are high. This 117 some important questions. How much paper do we really need and how much is wasted Moreover, the production of paper is also 118 to the environment as a result of excessive deforestation (滥砍滥伐).
Therefore, it is time for us to work on greener and more eco-friendly 119 to produce paper. Only in this way can we do our part in protecting the environment.
105．A．believe B．imagine C．realize D．suppose
106．A．exactly B．privately C．easily D．quickly
107．A．caring B．thankful C．familiar D．used
108．A．providing B．offering C．getting D．giving
109．A．task B．goal C．service D．role
110．A．time B．place C．date D．occasion
111．A．made B．taken C．brought D．given
112．A．parts B．ways C．numbers D．kinds
113．A．point B．aim C．purpose D．result
114．A．Therefore B．Besides C．Then D．However
115．A．up B．through C．on D．over
116．A．including B．except C．with D．without
117．A．puts B．raises C．gets D．places
118．A．harmful B．bad C．useless D．dangerous
119．A．factories B．places C．products D．ways
These days, there have been a lot of reports about tornadoes（龙卷风）. A tornado is a very 120 form of weather. In fact, it is a rotating tube（旋转管道）of 121 . The tube touches the ground and a cloud at the same time. The reason why tornadoes are so dangerous is that they travel at 122 up to 300 miles per hour! Tornadoes are 123 when warm air and cool air meet in the sky. They can pick up cars, blow 124 trees, and knock over buildings.
120．A．dangerous B．good C．exciting D．different
121．A．smoke B．air C．fire D．cloud
122．A．sizes B．heights C．speeds D．weights
123．A．protected B．named C．saved D．formed
124．A．down B．out C．off D．up
参考答案：
1．C 2．B 3．B 4．D 5．A 6．D 7．B 8．B 9．C 10．A 11．C 12．A 13．B 14．C 15．A
【导语】本文介绍了水环境对我们健康的有利影响。
1．句意：你可能已经注意到城市有多嘈杂和拥挤。
clean干净的；beautiful美丽的；crowded拥挤的；convenient便利的。根据“You’ve probably noticed how noisy and...cities can be.”可知城市嘈杂又拥挤，故选C。
2．句意：如果你能住在平静的湖泊或河流旁边呢？
too太；instead代替；alone独自；together一起。根据“You’ve probably noticed how noisy and...cities can be. What if you could live next to a calm lake or river”可知前后是两个相反的情况，用instead符合语境，故选B。
3．句意：事实证明，住在水附近，比如海洋、湖泊、河流或池塘，可以让我们感觉更快乐、更健康。
land地面；water水；forests森林；mountains山。根据“oceans, lakes, rivers or ponds”可知海洋、湖泊、河流或池塘都是水，故选B。
4．句意：根据英国埃克塞特大学研究人员的一项研究，那些住在距离海岸不到一公里的人比那些住在距离海岸50公里或更远的人患精神疾病的可能性要低22%左右。
at在；in在……里面；with和；from从。具体距离+from+地点，表示“离某地有多远”。故选D。
5．句意：根据英国埃克塞特大学研究人员的一项研究，那些住在距离海岸不到一公里的人比那些住在距离海岸50公里或更远的人患精神疾病的可能性要低22%左右。
have有；reach到达；solve解决；create创造。根据“the coast are around 22 percent less likely to...mental(精神的) problems than those who live 50 km or more away”可知是指患有精神疾病，故选A。
6．句意：每周至少去海边两次的人往往会有更好的身心健康。
choose选择；understand理解；control控制；experience体会。根据“People who visit the coast at least twice a week tend to(倾向于)...better physical and mental health as well.”可知，每周至少去海边两次的人会体会更好的身心健康。故选D。
7．句意：那么“蓝色空间”是如何让我们感觉更好的呢？
green绿色的；blue蓝色；white白色；grey灰色的。根据“For one thing, aquatic(与水相关的) environments”可知和水有关的是蓝色空间，故选B。
8．句意：首先，水生环境往往污染更少，阳光更多，这两者都与更好的心理和身体健康有关。
each每一个；both两者都；either两者中的任何一个；neither两者也不。根据“have less pollution and more sunlight”可知，污染更少，阳光更多都与更好的心理和身体健康有关，表示两者都应用both，故选B。
9．句意：经常晒太阳的人往往比不晒太阳的人更快乐。
funnier更搞笑；sadder更伤心；happier更开心；weaker更虚弱。根据“People who get more sun tend to be...than those who do not.”可知经常晒太阳的人往往比不晒太阳的人更开心，故选C。
10．句意：在海边待了一段时间后，你可能会发现自己比平时感觉更好。
spending度过；winning赢得；wasting浪费；losing失去。根据“After...time near the ocean, you might find that you feel more”可知是指在海边待一段时间，应用spend，故选A。
11．句意：在海边待了一段时间后，你可能会发现自己比平时更放松。
afraid害怕的；bored无聊的；relaxed放松的；worried担忧的。根据“near the ocean, you might find that you feel more...than usual”以及上文介绍，在水边会使人心情更好，故选C。
12．句意：这是因为海洋空气中含有负离子。
because因为；where在哪里；whether是否；how如何。根据“This is...sea air is charged(带电的) with negative ions(负离子). ”可知此处是介绍在海边待了一段时间后心情更好的原因，故选A。
13．句意：最后，据《卫报》报道，住在水边的人往往更积极锻炼身体。
Quickly快地；Finally最终；Suddenly突然；Luckily幸运地。根据“people who live near water tend to be more physically active”以及此段位于文章末尾可知，此处是表示最后一点，故选B。
14．句意：像游泳和划船这样的水上运动可以帮助我们保持体形，从而使我们保持健康。
running跑；walking散步；swimming游泳；jumping跳。根据“Water sports”可知游泳是水上运动，故选C。
15．句意：像游泳和划船这样的水上运动可以帮助我们保持体形，从而使我们保持健康。
keeps保持；finds找到；leaves离开；drives开车。根据“rowing can help us stay in shape, which in turn...us healthy.”可知，水上运动可以帮助我们保持体形，从而使我们保持健康。故选A。
16．B 17．C 18．C 19．D 20．C 21．A 22．B 23．D 24．C 25．A
【导语】本文介绍了盐的用途以及关于盐的表达。
16．句意：它通常是白色的，味道很重。
smell气味；taste味道；voice嗓音；feeling感觉。根据“It’s usually white and it has a strong...”和后文介绍可知，盐的味道很重，故选B。
17．句意：你可能已经猜到了，它是盐。
decided觉得；planned计划；guessed猜；mentioned提到。根据“What is it As you may have..., it is salt.”可知，根据描述能猜出来是盐，故选C。
18．句意：自古以来，盐就一直是人们生活中重要的一部分。
new新的；secret秘密的；important重要的；independent独立的。根据“Since the beginning of time, salt has been a (n)...part of people’s lives.”可知，盐一直是人们生活中重要的一部分。故选C。
19．句意：它曾经被罗马人用来支付士兵的工资。
his他的；her她的；its它的；their他/她/它们的。此处指“Romans”，故选D。
20．句意：在非洲的部分地区，人们用它来代替钱来购买东西。
as for至于；because of因为；instead of而不是；according to根据。根据“In parts of Africa, it was used...money to pay for things.”可知，人们用盐来代替钱来购买东西。故选C。
21．句意：把它倒在食物上，你就可以防止食物变坏。
and和；but但是；or或者；though虽然。根据“Pour it on food, ...you can stop the food from going bad.”可知，前后构成顺承关系，用and连接，是“祈使句，and+陈述句”句型，故选A。
22．句意：有时它甚至被用来做衣服。
still仍然；even甚至；again再次；just只有。根据“Sometimes it is...used to make clothes.”可知，有时盐甚至被用来做衣服。故选B。
23．句意：在冬天被冰雪覆盖的寒冷地区，人们在路上撒盐来融化冰。
mix混合；serve服务；heat加热；spread散播。根据“people...salt on the roads to melt (使融化) the ice”可知，人们在路上撒盐来融化冰。故选D。
24．句意：英语中的许多表达都与盐有关。
signs标志；stories故事；expressions表达；communities社区。根据“Many...in English are connected to salt.”和后文介绍可知，英语中的许多表达都与盐有关。故选C。
25．句意：这意味着这个人工作很努力，很重要。
means意思是；warns警告；seems似乎；suggests建议。根据“That...the person works very hard and is important.”可知，这意味着这个人工作很努力，很重要。故选A。
26．C 27．B 28．C 29．B 30．A 31．D 32．C 33．C 34．C 35．B
【分析】文章讲述了作者家园遭遇了洪水的经历，从这个经历中，让作者明白了毁灭和安全意味着什么，也让他意识到应该理解和帮助那些因为自然灾害而无家可归的人们。
26．句意：突然，我父亲冲进我的房间。
on在……上；from从……；into进入；at在……点时；根据“Adam! Adam! Get up...”可知，此处应该是爸爸冲进作者的房间，rush into“冲进”，故选C。
27．句意：他一边喊一边摇着我的肩膀。
beat打败；shook摇动；touched触摸；hit打击。根据“That woke me up! I ran downstairs to the basement”可知，因为遭遇洪水，爸爸很着急要把作者叫醒，所以是摇着作者的肩膀，故选B。
28．句意：我和妈妈立即开始收拾东西，把它们带到楼上。
take up从事；make up编造；pick up收拾；set up建立。根据“take them upstairs”可知，是收拾东西并把它们带上楼，故选C。
29．句意：情况每时每刻都在恶化。
better更好；worse更糟；easier更容易的；more更多。根据“our piano, sofa, washing machine and water beater were all still down there — being destroyed. There was nothing we could do.”可知，事情变得越来越糟了，故选B。
30．句意：然而，我们的钢琴，沙发，洗衣机和热水器都还在下面——被毁了。
However然而；Like像；Instead代替；For example例如。“The computer, big-screen TV and heavy boxes filled with our most valuable things were taken to safety.”与“our piano, sofa, washing machine and water beater were all still down there — being destroyed.”之间是转折关系，应用however，故选A。
31．句意：但当意识到你无能为力时，感觉更糟了。
keep保持；throw扔；afford负担得起；stop停止。根据“but realizing that you can’t do anything”及“it feels even worse”可知，看着家园被洪水摧毁，但是又无法做什么事情来阻止它，这种感觉更糟糕，故选D。
32．句意：妈妈叫我收拾一个睡袋，里面装着衣服和贵重物品，准备离开。
her她；them他们；me我；you你。根据“My mother and I immediately started...”可知，是妈妈告诉“我”要带好东西准备离开，故选C。
33．句意：当人们终于可以安全地走到外面时，附近所有的人都聚集在街角。
hardly几乎不；quickly快速地；finally终于；slowly慢慢地。根据“all the people in the neighborhood gathered at the street corner.”可知，最终可以安全地走出去时，才发现附近的人都聚集在街角，故选C。
34．句意：人们变成了朋友，朋友变成了家人。
so所以；or或者；and和；but但是。“People became friends”与“friends became like family”是并列顺承关系，故选C。
35．句意：我真的从这次洪水中学到了一些东西。
anything任何事；something某事；everything一切事物；nothing没什么事。根据“I’ve learnt what destruction (毀灭) is and what safety means...”可知，作者从这次洪水中学到了某些事情，故选B。
36．A 37．C 38．C 39．B 40．D 41．B 42．D 43．A 44．B 45．C 46．A 47．B 48．C 49．B 50．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了海啸到来前后发生的事情。
36．句意：那天似乎很平静，但阿莱霍知道情况并非如此。
knew知道；grew长大；felt感觉；became成为。根据下文“But Alejo knew better.”可知此处表示阿莱霍知道并非如此，用knew符合语境。故选A。
37．句意：阿莱霍感到双腿在颤抖，耳朵竖起来，听着什么已经开始了。
returned返回；moved移动；started开始；stopped停止。根据“Suddenly, a strange roaring sound began.”可知阿莱霍竖起耳朵听开始发生的事情。故选C。
38．句意：安静，我在尽力思考。
sleep睡觉；speak说话；think思考；listen听。根据“Seven-year-old Joonas was doing his homework”可知做作业需要思考。故选C。
39．句意：爸爸跑到附近的一个建筑的屋顶上，想查明发生了什么事。
deal with处理；find out找出，查明；worry about担心；look through浏览。根据“what was happening”可知跑到屋顶去查明发生了什么事情。故选B。
40．句意：地面的震动顺着它垫着的爪子向上传递。
held握住；pushed推；woke醒来；traveled移动，传播。根据“The shaking of the ground”可知此处指地面的震动在传播。故选D。
41．句意：为什么他们要等？
cooking烹饪；waiting等待；playing玩耍；complaining抱怨。根据“Didn’t they know that a great earthquake had roared under the ocean and would soon bring strong waves onto the land ”可知此处表示阿莱霍不明白为何人们还在等，而不立刻逃跑。故选B。
42．句意：然后爸爸在屋顶上恐惧地喊道：“海啸！快跑！”
pain疼痛；anger生气；pity遗憾；fear害怕，恐惧。根据“Tsunami!”可知海啸来了，爸爸应是害怕的。故选D。
43．句意：跟我上山。
hill山；roof屋顶；boat船；land陆地。根据“Alejo and Joonas didn’t stop running until they reached higher up the hill and met their family.”可知要上山。故选A。
44．句意：但咆哮声越来越大，打断了她的话。
passing on传递；cutting off切断，打断；breaking down损坏；leaving out遗漏。根据“But the roar had gotten louder”可知咆哮声打断了她的话。故选B。
45．句意：然后他跑回了家，他认为在那里他是安全的。
warm温暖的；brave勇敢的；safe安全的；free空闲的。根据“And he ran back home”可推出海啸来了往家里跑，应是觉得家里安全。故选C。
46．句意：阿莱霍不停地吠叫，但海啸也让人很难听到他的声音。
hard困难的；possible可能的；late晚的；clear清楚的。根据“the tsunami”及上文“But the roar had gotten louder”可知海啸声音大，让人很难听到阿莱霍的声音。故选A。
47．句意：“走开，”琼纳斯把狗推开，但阿莱霍不愿放弃。
Run炮；Go走；Come来；Look看。根据“Joonas pushed the dog away”可知琼纳斯推阿莱霍让他离开。故选B。
48．句意：他用牙齿咬住琼纳斯的衬衫。
feet脚；paws爪子；teeth牙齿；legs腿。根据“He pulled and pulled until his mouth broke.”可知嘴烂了，应是用牙齿咬住衬衫。故选C。
49．句意：男孩终于明白了。
refused拒绝；understood明白；promised承诺；escaped逃跑。根据“Alejo ran toward the hill, looking back to make sure Joonas was following.”可知琼纳斯明白了阿莱霍的用意才会跟着他走。故选B。
50．句意：他们向山上跑去，身后是一堵巨大的水墙。
wood木材；sand沙子；stone石头；water水。根据“Didn’t they know that a great earthquake had roared under the ocean and would soon bring strong waves onto the land ”可知海啸会把巨浪带到陆地上，身后应是水墙。故选D。
51．B 52．C 53．B 54．C 55．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了单词“丑八怪”的来历。
51．句意：然而，起初，这个词并不是指丑陋的人。
strange奇怪的；ugly丑陋的；perfect完美的。根据“People often use “Choubaguai” to play jokes on others’ looks.”可知，丑八怪这个词经常用来对其他人的外表开玩笑，所以是代表“丑陋”的意思，故选B。
52．句意：因此，他们把对生活的感受融入到绘画中，展示普通人的生活。
landing着陆；supporting支持；showing展示。根据“So they put their feelings about life into paintings by…how common people lived.”结合选项，可知画作展示了普通人的生活，选择showing“展示”，故选C。
53．句意：这些画不同于其他艺术家的画。
that那个；those那些；these这些。这里是进行比较，指代的是其他艺术家的paintings，故用复数those替代，故选B。
54．句意：他们的画被一些艺术家称为“丑八卦图”。 然而，普通人对他们的画很感兴趣。
called过去分词；are called一般现在时被动语态；were called一般过去时被动语态。主语paintings是call的承受者，结合dismissed用一般过去时被动语态，主语复数，故选C。
55．句意：他们的绘画风格对现代画家仍有很大影响。
influence影响；introduction介绍；situation情况。have a influence on对……有影响，故选A。
56．B 57．C 58．D 59．A 60．C 61．D 62．A 63．B 64．A 65．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了以前的胡萝卜并不是橙色的，而是有各种各样的颜色，橙色胡萝卜的出现及其背后的故事。
56．句意：好，有个消息告诉你，胡萝卜最早的的颜色不是橙色的！
red红色；orange橙色；yellow黄色；purple紫色。根据前文“When you picture carrots at the market, you probably think of many orange carrots. ”以及生活常识可知，胡萝卜一般都是橙色的，此处是说最早的胡萝卜并不是橙色的，故选B。
57．句意：然后它们传播到邻近的阿拉伯、非洲和亚洲地区。
brought带来；sent发送；spread传播；arrived到达。根据“The original home of carrots was the dry and hot lands of Iran and Afghanistan in Central Asia”可知胡萝卜的原产地是中亚伊朗和阿富汗干旱炎热的地区，后来应该是传入邻近的阿拉伯、非洲和亚洲地区，spread“传播，扩展”符合语境，故选C。
58．句意：那里的人们很快都接受了胡萝卜，并开始杂交，创造这种蔬菜的新品种。
reasons理由，原因；ways方法；chances机会；types类型。根据上文“People there all accepted carrots soon and started crossbreeding(杂交繁育)”可知这些地区的人开始杂交培育胡萝卜的新品种，故选D。
59．句意：即使在古代，胡萝卜也有多种颜色——紫色、黄色、红色、黑色和白色。
present存在的；missing失踪的；terrible可怕的；valuable有价值的。根据“purple, yellow, red, black and white”可知胡萝卜有多种颜色存在，故选A。
60．句意：有趣的是，我们今天通常看到的橙色并不存在。
seldom很少；hardly几乎不；usually通常；never从不。根据生活常识可知，橙色是我们通常看到的胡萝卜的颜色，故选C。
61．句意：在古埃及，法老墓前摆放着大量的胡萝卜，这可能是一个很好的例子，说明胡萝卜在古代是多么受欢迎。
sold卖；visited参观；thrown扔；placed放置。根据“in front of the tombs of pharaohs(法老墓)”和常识可知法老是受人尊敬的，所以应该是摆放着许多的胡萝卜，故选D。
62．句意：在古埃及，法老墓前摆放着大量的胡萝卜，这可能是一个很好的例子，说明胡萝卜在古代是多么受欢迎。
popular受欢迎的；expensive昂贵的；cheap便宜的；tiny微小的。根据“In ancient Egypt, plenty of carrots were...in front of the tombs of pharaohs(法老墓)”因此在当时胡萝卜是很受欢迎的，popular符合语境，故选A。
63．句意：直到17世纪，一些荷兰农民成功地种植了第一批橙色胡萝卜，我们今天流行的橙色胡萝卜才出现。
before在……之前；until直到……为止；after在……之后；when当……时。根据语境可知，此处是说橙色的胡萝卜直到17世纪才出现，not…until…“直到……才……”，故选B。
64．句意：直到17世纪，一些荷兰农民成功地种植了第一批橙色胡萝卜，我们今天流行的橙色胡萝卜才出现。
succeeded成功；wasted浪费；pointed指；reached到达。根据“Our popular orange carrots today didn’t appear...the 17th century”可知此处是说一些荷兰农民成功地种出了第一批橙色的胡萝卜，succeed in doing…“成功做……”，故选A。
65．句意：至于橙色胡萝卜，有一种说法是为了纪念领导荷兰独立战争的奥兰治亲王威廉而种植的。
thing东西；lie谎言；story故事；poem诗。根据“they were planted in honor of William of Orange, who led the Dutch War of Independence”可知种橙色胡萝卜是为了纪念奥兰治亲王威廉，这是种植橙色胡萝卜背后的故事，故选C。
66．C 67．A 68．C 69．B 70．B 71．A 72．B 73．C 74．B 75．C
【导语】本文讲述了电子垃圾污染的严重性和危害性，以及应对方式。
66．句意：随着电子工业的发展，电子垃圾污染已成为一个严重的问题。
developing发展中的；developed发达的；development发展；develop发展。观察句子，这里用在定冠词后，介词of之前，可知应该用名词development，故选C。
67．句意：根据联合国的数据，2014年，世界各地的人们生产了4180万吨电子垃圾，其中只有不到20%被回收。
recycled回收；rebuilt重建；researched研究；refused拒绝。根据“people around the world produced 41.8 million tons of e-waste and only … less than 20%”，可知应该是4180万吨电子垃圾中只有不到20%被回收。故选A。
68．句意：美国是世界上最大的浪费国，生产了710万吨。
big大的；bigger更大的；the biggest最大的；larger更大规模的。根据“China came second”中国紧接第二，可知美国是世界上最大的，故选C。
69．句意：中国以600万吨排在第二位。
during在……期间；with带有；between之间；in在……里。根据“China came second, … 6 million tons.”可知这里应该用with表示伴随，故选B。
70．句意：它可能是有价值的，也可能是有害的，这取决于我们如何处理它。
both两者都；either两者中一个；neither两者都不；none没有一个。either…or…“要么……要么……”，故选B。
71．句意：黄金和白银等金属的价值是惊人的。
amazing令人惊愕的；disappointing令人失望的；boring令人无聊的；embarrassing令人尴尬的。根据“like gold and silver”像黄金和白银，可知价值是惊人的，故选A。
72．句意：这些金属可以重复使用，但如果人们把它们扔掉，有毒的化学物质就会进入土壤或空气中，它们会影响环境和人们的健康。
get up起床；get into进入；get on上车；get off下车。根据“the toxic chemicals can … the earth or air”可推知应该是有毒的化学物质就会进入土壤或空气中，故选B。
73．句意：现在，当人们在中国购买新产品时，苹果会回收他们用过的产品。
them他们；those那些；ones他们；it它。观察句子，这里指代的是前面提到的同类产品复数，故选C。
74．句意：为了减少电子垃圾，我们可以购买更耐用的电子产品。
increase增加；reduce减少；keep保持；prevent防止。根据“we can buy longer lasting electronic products. ”，购买更耐用的电子产品，可知是为了减少电子垃圾，故选B。
75．句意：你也可以带他们去看看公司是否可以提供回收项目。
that那；where哪里；whether是否；what什么。根据“If you don’t want your electronics, find a new home for them.”，可知这里是看看公司是否可以提供回收项目，故选C。
76．B 77．A 78．B 79．B 80．A 81．C 82．A 83．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了2月份发生在土耳其的大地震，中国蓝天救援队第一时间就出发前往土耳其参与了救援。
76．句意：2023年2月6日下午2点，土耳其发生7.8级强烈地震。
in在某（年、月）；on在具体的某天；at在某个时刻。空格后“February 6th, 2023”指的是具体的一天，故应用介词on搭配。故选B。
77．句意：地震太可怕了，导致城市里大多数建筑物倒塌，成千上万的人被困在倒塌的建筑物下面。
so如此；much很多；very非常。so … that …为固定搭配，意为“如此……以至于……”，符合句意，故选A。
78．句意：地震太可怕了，导致城市里大多数建筑物倒塌，成千上万的人被困在倒塌的建筑物下面。
arrived到达；caught困住；got得到。根据上文“it made most buildings fall down in the city”可知，地震导致城市里大多数建筑物倒塌，成千上万的人被困在倒塌的建筑物下面。故选B。
79．句意：遇难者和伤者人数正迅速上升。
as good as几乎；as well as和；as many as多达……。空格前后为并列结构“victims”和“the injured people”，故应用表“和”的连词连接。故选B。
80．句意：失去家园的人们正在寻找可以度过艰难时光的地方。
who谁；when什么时候；where哪里。句子为定语从句，空格前为“People”，指人，故应用who引导。故选A。
81．句意：2月8日，来自中国不同地区的127名成员在中国武汉集合。
else其他；more更多；another又一。根据上文“The first group of Blue Sky Rescue (BSR) from China reached Turkey as soon as the earthquake happened”可知，第一批蓝天救援队的救援人员已经出发，此处指的是又一批的队员集结。故选C。
82．句意：他们前往土耳其参与当地的地震救援。
left离开；arrived到达；reached到达。leave for意为“去往”，符合句意，left为动词leave的过去式。故选A。
83．句意：尽管天气和情况都很糟糕，但蓝天救援队的救援人员仍在废墟中搜寻，希望能找到更多幸存者。
also也；still仍然；either或。根据上文“Although the weather and the situation were bad”可知，尽管天气和情况都很糟糕，但蓝天救援队的救援人员仍在废墟中搜寻。故选B。
84．C 85．B 86．B 87．D 88．B 89．A 90．C 91．D 92．C 93．A 94．C 95．D 96．C 97．B 98．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了狗鼻子的工作原理。
84．句意：她抬头看着蓝天，风吹过她的脸。
stands站；flies；blows吹；hits敲，击。根据“the wind”可知，此处表示风吹过她的脸，故选C。
85．句意：事实上，她在让空气从鼻子里飘进来。
leg腿；nose鼻子；tail尾巴；foot足。根据下文“As air wafts into a dog’s nose”可知，此处指让空气吹佛进鼻子里。故选B。
86．句意：当空气进入狗的鼻子时，它可以通过三种路径之一——上、中或下通道。
two二；three三；four四；five五。根据“the upper, middle or lower passage (通道)”可知，此处指三种路径。故选B。
87．句意：上面的通道用来闻气味，而下面的通道主要用来呼吸。
but但是；although尽管；because因为；while而，然而。根据“The upper passage”和“the lower one”可知，此处是上下通道进行对比，应用while。故选D。
88．句意：当空气穿过迷宫时，它会遇到近3亿个嗅觉受体。
with带有；through穿过；by通过；across横过，根据“When air floats ... the maze”可知，此处指空气从物体内部穿过，应用through。故选B。
89．句意：人或动物的嗅觉受体越多，他们的嗅觉就越灵敏。
has有；holds握着；makes制作；gets得到。根据“The more olfactory receptors a person or an animal ...”可知，此处指人或动物拥有的嗅觉受体，应用has。故选A。
90．句意：狗鼻子里的3亿个嗅觉受体使它能够嗅出哪怕是最细微的气味差异。
give off发出；care about关心；pick up获得，不费力的学会；look for寻找。根据“enable it to ... even the tiniest of differences in odor (气味)”可知，狗的嗅觉受体使它能够嗅出最细微的气味差别，pick up符合语境。故选C。
91．句意：即使某种气味似乎从空气中消失了，狗仍然能够注意到它。
ever曾经；only只有；just正好；still仍然。根据“Even after a certain odor has seemingly disappeared from the air”可知，狗的嗅觉灵敏到，即使气味从空气中似乎消失了，狗仍然可以注意到此类气味的存在。故选D。
92．句意：事实上，狗能闻到20多公里外的气味。
taste品尝；felt感觉；smell闻起来；sound听起来。根据“odors from more than twenty kilometers away”可知，此处指嗅到20公里外的气味。故选C。
93．句意：当气味遇到嗅觉受体时，嗅觉受体会向大脑发送信息。
message信息，可数名词；information消息，不可数名词；record记录，可数名词；suggestion建议，可数名词。根据“a(n)”可知，此处要填入可数名词单数；再根据“the receptor sends a(n) ... to the brain.”可知，此处指嗅觉受体向大脑发送信息。故选A。
94．句意：这有助于它们记住来自不同地方的特殊气味。
miss错过；search搜索；remember记住；forget忘记。根据下文“ While you may remember a certain store by name, your dog may remember that same store by the odors inside of it.”可知，此处指记住不同地方的特殊气味；故选C。
95．句意：这就像在一天之内把同一个节目看了十遍一样。
interesting有趣的；popular受欢迎的；different不同的；same相同的。根据“The smell inside a car is pretty boring.”可知，此处是把车内的空气和节目相比，车内的空气是一样的，没有什么变化，就好像一天把同一节目看十遍一样，很无聊。故选D。
96．句意：然而，车窗外是新世界。
hole洞；store商店；window窗户；door门。根据上文“she always sticks her head out of the car window.”和“The smell inside a car is pretty boring.”可知，车窗外是不一样的世界。故选C。
97．句意：新的气味对狗来说是新鲜和刺激的。
boring无聊的；exciting刺激的；harmful有害的；ugly丑陋的。根据“New smells can be fresh and ... to dogs.”可知，车窗外是新世界，那么新气味对狗而言是新鲜且刺激的。故选B。
98．句意：当然，仅仅通过它们的鼻子来体验这个世界是远远不够的。
simply仅仅，只；lately最近；normally正常地；widely普遍地。根据下文“New sights and sounds outside the car window also make dogs feel more in control.”可知，仅仅通过嗅觉来体验这个世界是不够的。故选A。
99．B 100．A 101．B 102．C 103．D 104．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了科学活动表明了我们对于时间快慢的感受取决于大脑对一件事情的专注程度。
99．句意：但当下节课的铃声响起时，你无法相信时间过得有多快。
slowly慢地；quickly快速地；terribly糟糕地；foolishly愚蠢地。根据“But when the bell for the next class rings...time has passed”可知，此处意思转折，经过漫长等待的课间十分钟很快就过去了，故选B。
100．句意：扫描显示，大脑中的活动模式会随着我们专注于某项任务的方式而改变。
change改变；develop发展；grow成长；stop停止。根据“according to how we focus on a task”可知，此处是随着我们专注于某项任务的方式而改变，故选A。
101．句意：当我们感到无聊时，我们会更专注于时间的流逝。
interested有趣的；bored无聊的；excited激动的；active积极的。根据下文“we concentrate (专心于) more on how time is passing. And this makes our brains think the clock is ticking more slowly.”可知，当我们感到无聊时，故选B。
102．句意：志愿者们被告知，首先要专注于图像出现的时间，然后关注图像的颜色。
how often多久一次；how soon多久；how long多长；how fast多快。根据“an image appeared for”可知，要专注于图像出现的时间，此处是用how long提问一段时间，故选C。
103．句意：结果表明，当志愿者关注更多的实验对象时，大脑会更加活跃。
time时间；experiment激动；clock锁；brain大脑。根据“when the volunteers paid attention to more subjects”可知，此处是大脑会更加活跃，故选D。
104．句意：它必须分散资源，减少对时钟的关注。
much许多；more更多；some一些；less更少。根据“It is thought that if the brain is focusing on many aspects of a task, it has to spread its resources”可知，此处是减少对时钟的关注，故选D。
105．B 106．C 107．D 108．A 109．D 110．A 111．C 112．D 113．C 114．D 115．C 116．A 117．B 118．A 119．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了纸张的重要性，并且随着科技的发展，对于纸张的需求也在增加，但是纸张的生产也会对环境造成危害，所以我们要想出一些更加环保的方式生产纸张。
105．句意：想象一下没有纸的一天。
believe相信；imagine想象；realize意识到；suppose认为。根据“a day without paper”可知是想象没有纸的一天。故选B。
106．句意：你可以很容易地在任何地方看到我们的产品。
exactly确切地；privately私人地；easily容易地；quickly快速地。根据“Paper is probably one of the most common things”可知纸是最普通的东西之一，所以很容易看到他们的产品。故选C。
107．句意：但在大多数国家，人们太习惯纸张了，无论是用来包装食物、擦干手还是用来向他们提供每日新闻，以至于它在他们日常生活中的作用总是被忽视。
caring关心他人的；thankful感激的；familiar熟悉的；used习惯于。根据“people are so...to paper—whether it’s used for packing food, for drying hands”可知此处指习惯于纸张，be used to sth.“习惯于某物”。故选D。
108．句意：但在大多数国家，人们太习惯纸张了，无论是用来包装食物、擦干手还是用来向他们提供每日新闻，以至于它在他们日常生活中的作用总是被忽视。
providing提供；offering提供；getting得到；giving给。根据“them with the daily news”可知是提供日常新闻，provide sb. with sth.“给某人提供某物”。故选A。
109．句意：但在大多数国家，人们太习惯纸张了，无论是用来包装食物、擦干手还是用来向他们提供每日新闻，以至于它在他们日常生活中的作用总是被忽视。
task任务；goal目标；service服务；role作用。根据“its...in their daily lives is always unnoticed”可知是纸张的作用很容易被忽视。故选D。
110．句意：纸张一度供不应求，主要用于重要文件。
time时间；place地方；date日期；occasion情况。根据“At one...paper was in short supply”可知是纸张一度供不应求，at one time“曾经，一度”。故选A。
111．句意：但最近，新技术的快速发展带来了纸张使用量的巨大增长。
made制作；taken带走；brought带来；given给。根据“a huge increase in the amount of paper used”可知是带来了纸张用量的增长。故选C。
112．句意：如今，有450多种不同的纸张，它们都是为不同的目的而设计的。
parts部分；ways方法；numbers数字；kinds种类。根据“there are more than 450 different...of paper”可知是由450多种纸。故选D。
113．句意：如今，有450多种不同的纸张，它们都是为不同的目的而设计的。
point点；aim目标；purpose目的；result结果。根据“all designed for a different”可知每一种纸张都有不同的目的。故选C。
114．句意：然而，新技术的广泛使用导致了纸张的使用量增加。
therefore因此；besides而且；then然后；however然而。前后两句是转折关系，用however连接。故选D。
115．句意：从那时起，技术和纸张使用之间的联系变得更加紧密。
up向上；through通过；on在上面；over在上面。from then on“从那时起”。故选C。
116．句意：然而，纸张生产的成本，包括电力、水和劳动力，都很高。
including包括；except除……之外（不包括）；with有；without没有。根据“the costs in paper production...electricity, water and labor”可知是纸张生产的成本包括电力、水和劳动力。故选A。
117．句意：这就提出了一些重要的问题。
puts放；raises引起；gets得到；places放置。根据“some important questions”可知是提出了一些问题，用动词raise。故选B。
118．句意：此外，由于过度砍伐森林，纸张生产也对环境有害。
harmful有害的；bad坏的；useless无用的；dangerous危险的。be harmful to“对……造成危害”。故选A。
119．句意：因此，现在是我们研究更环保的纸张生产方式的时候了。
factories工厂；places地方；products产品；ways方法。根据“work on greener and more eco-friendly...to produce paper”可知是研究一些更环保的生产纸张的方式。故选D。
120．A 121．B 122．C 123．D 124．A
【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍龙卷风的形成及危害。
120．句意：龙卷风是一种非常危险的天气形式。
dangerous危险的； good好的； exciting令人兴奋的； different不同的。根据“The reason why tornadoes are so dangerous is that they. . . ”可知表达龙卷风是一种非常危险的天气形式。用形容词“dangerous”故选A。
121．句意：事实上，它是一种空气的旋转管道。
smoke烟； air空气； fire火； cloud云。根据后文“warm air and cool air meet in the sky”可知表达一种空气的旋转管道，用名词“air ”。故选B。
122．句意：龙卷风之所以如此危险, 是因为它们运行速度可以高达每小时300英里。
sizes尺寸；heights高度； speeds速度；weights重量。根据“up to 300 miles per hour”每小时300英里，可知表达速度，用名词“speeds”。故选C。
123．句意：当暖空气和冷空气在天空相遇时， 龙卷风就形成了。
protected保护；named任命；saved挽救；formed形成。根据“when warm air and cool air meet in the sky”可知，表达龙卷风就“形成”了。用动词“formed”。故选D。
124．句意：它们可以拾起汽车, 吹倒树木, 掀翻建筑物。
down向下；out向外；off离开；up向上。句子讲述龙卷风的危害，表达“吹倒树木”，用短语“blow down”。故选A。
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