资源简介

(共80张PPT)
特殊句型之
虚拟语气
动词语气
谓语动词的一种变化形式，用来表示说话者的意图或态度
陈述语气（indicative Mood）
祈使语气（ Mood）
虚拟语气（ Mood）
陈述语气
（描述现实）
那里有一间房子.
There is a house.
祈使语气
（命令/请求）
开门！
open the door!
用第二人称
用一般现在时
去掉“你”，动词用原形
You open the door! → Open the door!
You are quiet! → Be quiet!
You never give up! → never give up!
虚拟语气
（假设/非真实）
If I could rearrange the alphabet, I would put U and I together.
虚拟语气的分类
表示与事实相反的或假象的情形，通常由if引导。
在从句中使用虚拟语气，表示建议、命令或要求等语气。
should型虚拟语气。
虚拟语气的分类
表示与事实相反的或假象的情形，通常由if引导。
在从句中使用虚拟语气，表示建议、命令或要求等语气。
should型虚拟语气。
大话西游
Big words of western tour
Zi Xia Fairy(仙女）
Zhi Zunbao
Previous life of Monkey King
story
ZI Xia escaped from Heaven without permission.
She makes a promise:She will marry the one who can pull her Magic Sword out.
escape
story
Zhi Zunbao pulled her sword out by accident.
story
Zi Xia was forced to marry King Bull.
story
In order to save Zi Xia ,Zhi Zunbao had to turn into Monkey King.
But after he turned into Monkey King,he couln't touch human love amymore.
His heart is still full of
regrets.
He just imagines......
If I were not the Monkey King, I wouldn't give up her hands.
If we should turn into common people someday,we woule live happily with each other.
If I had not pulled the sword out at first ,I wouldn't have fallen in love with her
if引导的虚拟语气
之一：白日梦
如果我不是孙悟空，我不会放开她的手.
白日梦：
对现在事实的虚拟。
If I am not the Monkey King,I will not give up her hands.
If I were not the Monkey King, I would not give up her hands.
谓语的变化：
从句谓语：过去式（be用were)/did
主句谓语：should/could/would/might+动词原形
后退一步法则
if引导的虚拟语气
之二：妄想症
如果有一天我们可以变成普通人，我们就可以快乐地生活在一起。
妄想症：
对将来事实的虚拟。
If we turn into common people someday, we will live happily with each other.
If we should turn into common people someday, we would live happily with each other.
谓语的变化：
从句谓语：should+动原/过去时/were to do
主句谓语：should/could/would/might+动词原形
will do是比较肯定能做的事情
而变成普通人是不可能实现的
were to turn into
turned into
后退一步法则
if引导的虚拟语气
之三：后悔药
如果我一开始没有拔剑，我就不会爱上她。
后悔药：
对过去事实的虚拟。
If I didn’t pull the sword out at first, I wouldn’t fall in love with her.
谓语的变化：
从句谓语：过去完成时（had done)
主句谓语：should/could/would/might+现在完成时
后退一步法则
If I had not pulled the sword out at first, I wouldn’t have fallen in love with her.
与对现在虚拟没有区别？
if引导的虚拟语气用法总结
类别 用法 结构
if 对现在事实的虚拟（白日梦） 从句谓语：过去时（be用were）/did
主句谓语：should/would/could/might + do
对将来事实的虚拟（妄想症） 从句谓语：过去时/should+do/were to do
主句谓语：should/would/could/might + do
对过去事实的虚拟（后悔药） 从句谓语：过去完成时（had done)
主句谓语：should/would/could/might + have done（现在完成时）
错综时间条件句
也称“混合虚拟语气”：有些条件句的主句谓语和从句谓语表示的动作在时间是并不一致。
1. If you ________ (take) my advice then, you ______ (be) in trouble now.
2. If it _______(rain) last night, it ______(be) very cold today.
3. Do you love your girlfriend
If I _________ her, I ________(marry) her.
对过去虚拟
对现在虚拟
had taken
were
对过去虚拟
对现在虚拟
had rained
might be
对现在虚拟
didn’t love
wouldn’t marry
if虚拟的倒装和省略
在if引导的非真实条件从句中，如果从句谓语动词含有were/had/should, 则可以把从句中的were/had/should放在主语前面，并且省略if，形成部分倒装语序，主句不变。
类别 陈述语序 部分倒装语序
现在 if + 主语 + were (not) were + 主语 + (not)
过去 if + 主语 + had (not) done had + 主语 + (not) + done
将来 if + 主语 + were (not) to do were + 主语 + (not) to do
if + 主语 + should (not) do should + 主语 + (not) do
if虚拟的倒装和省略
If the bird were a baby, kids might take care of it well.
If the exam had not been given yesterday, I would have gotten a chance to meet my boyfriend.
If I should hand in the paper tomorrow, I could finish it ahead of time.
Were the bird a baby, kids might take care of it well.
Had the exam not been given yesterday, I would have gotten a chance to meet my boyfriend.
Should I hand in the paper tomorrow, I would finish it ahead of time.
含蓄虚拟语气
without, but for, otherwise, or等可引导含蓄条件句
引导的含蓄条件句相当于if条件句，谓语的形式与if虚拟语气的主句时态一致。
If you hadn’t helped us, we would have failed.
Without your help, we would have failed.
01
练一练
1. If he ___________ (tell) me his phone number yesterday, I ____________ (take) him to the picnic.
2. If there ______(be) no unreal conditionals, English learning ________(be) much easier.
3. If he ___________ (come) to our school tomorrow, he __________ (be) greatly surprised.
对过去虚拟：主句: should/would/could/might + 现在完成时
从句: 过去完成时
had told
would have taken
对现在虚拟：
从句谓语：过去时（be用were）
主句谓语：should/would/could/might + do
were
would be
对将来虚拟：
从句谓语：过去时/should+do/were to do
主句谓语：should/would/could/might + do
came/should come/were to come
would be
02
模拟题
1. Having worked in the coal mine for several hours, it looked as though he _____ a bath for months.
A. hasn’t had B. hadn’t had C. hasn’t D. doesn’t have
2. What would you do if you _____ your case in the court one day
A. lose B. shall C. were to lose D. had lost
对过去虚拟：主句: should/would/could/might + 现在完成时
从句: 过去完成时
B
对将来虚拟：
从句谓语：过去时/should+do/were to do
主句谓语：should/would/could/might + do
C
虚拟语气的分类
表示与事实相反的或假象的情形，通常由if引导。
在从句中使用虚拟语气，表示愿望等语气。
should型虚拟语气。
虚拟语气
wish
if only
as if (though)
I wish （that）I were you.
对现在的愿望：wish + 动词过去式
对过去的愿望：wish + 过去完成时
I wish（that）I had learned more.
对将来的愿望：wish + would do
I wish（that）I would have another chance.
as if: My uncle always talks as if he were the boss. (对现在的愿望）
if only: if only you would do better next time. (对将来的愿望）
虚拟语气的分类
表示与事实相反的或假象的情形，通常由if引导。
在从句中使用虚拟语气，表示愿望等语气。
should型虚拟语气。
虚拟语气
一坚持、二命令、三建议、四要求
insist
order/demand
advise/suggest/recommend
ask/require/request/demand
I demand that you （should） give me some advice .
+ (that) sb. (should) do
可省略
主句
从句
虚拟语气
特殊句型
It is/was +
It is incredible that none of the class (should) fail the exam.
It is vital that the present (should) get admission into the famous university.
+ that +
可省略
句型1：
重要的： important, vital, crucial, essential
必要的：necessary, imperative
紧急的：urgent
本质的：natural
奇怪的：surprising, shocked, strange, incredible
主动：(should) + do
被动：(should) + be
虚拟语气
特殊句型: 是做...的时候了
It is/was +
It is high time that we made up our mind to figure out the issue.
= It is high time that we should make up our mind to figure out the issue.
should不可省略
句型2：
very
about
high
过去式(did/was/were)
should + 动词原形
+ time that +
虚拟语气
特殊句型: 以防，万一
She set many alarms the previous night in case she (should) be late again.
Prepare in advance in case something unexpected (should) happen.
should不可省略
句型3：
lest
in case
for fear that
(should) do
(should) be done
+ that +
倒装句
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目录
CONTENTS
01
02
03
04
完全倒装
部分倒装
特殊用法
课堂练习
倒装
部分
完全
陈述
主语+谓语
（实义动词/be,情,助+实义动词）
倒装句
主语
实义动词
系动词
助动词+实/系
完全倒装
部分倒装
部分/完全倒装
完全倒装
完全倒装
方位介词提前
The boy sits under the tree.
Under the tree sits the boy.
方位/时间（now/then)副词提前
The bus comes here.
Here comes the bus.
Now comes your turn.
方位介词提前
方位/时间副词提前
a. 方位介词：out, in, up, down, away, off等
b. 方位介词短语：on the wall, under the tree, in front of the house等
结构：方位介词/介短+谓语+主语
a. here, there等词开头时
b. now, then开头
结构：There/Here/now/then + 谓语 + 主语
完全倒装
【即学即练】
Mr. White came in.
The arrow went up into the air.
The boy went away.
In came Mr. White..
Up went the arrow into the air.
Away went the boy..
【即学即练】
A beautiful lake lies at the foot of the hill.
Two towns lie east of the lake.
A wounded soldier was lying under the tree.
At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake..
East of the lake lie two towns..
Under the tree was lying a wounded soldier..
【即学即练】
A dog stood there before him.
There stood a dog before him..
注意：在上述句子中，如果主语为人称代词， 则主、谓不需要倒装。
There he comes, so we have to stop playing cards.
【即学即练】
The hour we had been looking forward to came then.
Then came the hour we had been looking forward to.
原句是Then the hour (which) we had been looking forward to came.
部分倒装
部分倒装
否定介词提前
I will by no means forget her.
By no means will I forget her.
否定副词提前
I will never forget her.
Never will I forget her.
否定介词提前
否定副词提前
a. in no case, on no condition, in no circumstances, by no means等词位于句首
结构：否定介词+助/情+主+谓+其他
a. not, little, hardly, never, barely, scarecely, seldom, few等词开头时
结构：否定副词+助/情+主+谓+其他
完全倒装
【即学即练】
Not until he could do it did his friend offter to help..
not...until...
His friend didn't offer to help until he could do it.
Not until(从句) + be动词/助/情 + 主语
【即学即练】
Not until the rain stopped did he leave this room..
直到雨停了他才离开这个房间
He didn’t leave this room until the rain stopped.
【即学即练】
No sooner had he got home than he began to prepare supper..
no sooner...than...
hardly...when...
He had no sooner got home than he began to prepare supper.
No sooner
Hardly
+be动词/助/情+主语+
than
when
【即学即练】
not only...but aslo...
He does not only well in his lesson, but he also often helps others with their lessons.
Not only does he do well in his lesson, but he also often helps others with their lessons.
Not only+be动词/助/情+主语+but also+其他
【即学即练】
so & neither & nor
so/neither/nor+be动词/助/情+主语
They can swim now. So can we..
I have never been abroad. Neither/Nor has she..
特殊用法
only, so/such...that, as引导让步状语从句
特殊用法
特殊用法
Only修饰副词，介词短语，状语从句且位于句首时，用部分倒装
Only then did he understand what I mean.
Only+副词/介词短语/状语从句+情/助/be＋主语+主动词
特殊用法
特殊用法
So/Such...that...位于句首时，用部分倒装
So clever is he that he can work out all the difficult problem in the book.
Such great progress did she made that she was praised by the teacher.
So+形容词/副词+be/助/情+主语+that
Such+名词+be/助/情+主语+主动词+that
课堂练习
1. _____ can you expect to get a pay rise.
A. With hard work B. Although work hard C. Only with hard work D. Now that he works hard
2. ——Do you know Jim quarrel with his brother
——I don’t know, _______.
A. nor don’t I care B. nor do I care C. I don’t care neither D. I don’t care also
3. ____ got into the room, ____ the telephone rang.
A. He hardly; then B. Hardly had he; when C. He had not; than D. Not had he; when
4. Gone with the Wind is such a good movie that I’d like to watch it twice.
5. He hurt so badly that he had to stay in hospital for a few months.
C
B
B
Such a good movie is Gone with the Wind that I’d like to watch it twice.
So badly did he hurt that he had to stay in hospital for a few months..
6. Rarely _____ so much attention from all over the world. It’s amazing.
A. a fashion show attracts B. has a fashion show attracted
C. will a fashion show not attract D. a fashion show will attract
B
强调句
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WHAT
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强调是使句子的某一部分比一般情况下显得更加重要。
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STRUCTURE
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常用句型：It is (was) + 被强调部分 + that/who/whom + 其他部分
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EXAMPLES
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She told me a joke in the classroom yesterday afternoon.
主 谓 间宾 直宾 地状 时状
强调主语
It was she that/who told me a joke in the classroon yesterday.
强调宾语
It was me that/who/whom she told a joke in the classroon yesterday.
强调地点状语
It was a joke that she told me in the classroon yesterday.
It was in the classroom that she told me a joke yesterday.
强调时间状语
It was yesterday that she told me a joke in the classroom.
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STRUCTURE
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强调谓语：用助动词do/does/did
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STRUCTURE
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Do sit down.
He did write to you last week.
Do be careful when you cross the street.
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STRUCTURE
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not...until句型：It is (was) not until+ 被强调部分 + that + 其他部分
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STRUCTURE
He didn’t go to bed until/till his wife came back.
It was not until his wife came back that he went to back.
此句型只能用until, 不用till. 且句型中it is/was not...已经是否定，that后面要用肯定。
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STRUCTURE
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从句的强调
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强调主语从句
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What you said really made us sad.
It was What you said that really made us sad.
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强调状语从句
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I came home late because it was raining hard.
It was because it was raining hard that I came home late.
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强调句型的判断
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把it, be, that去掉，如剩余部分句子结构仍然完整，则句子是强调句，否则不是强调句。
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STRUCTURE
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It was because of bad weather that the football match had to be put off.
去掉it was...that, 句子结构完整，强调句
It is widely believed that smoking can cause cancer.
去掉it is...that, 句子结构不完整，主语从句（it做形式主语）
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注意事项
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1）句首词用it, 不能用that, this等；
2）若原句的谓语动词用了现在时或将来时，则用is; 若用了过去时或过去完成时，则用was.
3）被强调的部分如果用代词，强调主语用主格，强调宾语用宾格。
4）强调人时连接词可用that/who/whom(宾语)，强调其他用that。
5）被强调的主语要和that后面的谓语动词在数上保持一致。
EXERCISES
It was playing computer games____ cost the boy plenty of time ____ he ought to have spent doing his home work.
A. that; that B. which; that C. which; when D. that; when
A
课堂练习
课堂练习
课堂练习
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课堂练习
课堂练习
课堂练习
课堂练习
课堂练习
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课后作业
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课后作业
课后作业
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课后作业
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课后作业
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课后作业
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课后作业
谢谢大家观看
You are simple, the world is a fairy tale; Heart is complex, the world is a maze.
讲课人：name
日期：XX年X月

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