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湛江市第二中学2023-2024学年第一学期第1次月考
高二英语试卷
一、阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Body language is important for communication in every language. If you really want to be fluentand communicate effectively with English speakers, you will need to understand what types of body language they use.
What Exactly is Body Language
Body language is the movement of facial features or body parts, which intentionally(有意地)or unintentionally express thoughts and attitudes. Here are three key types:
Facial expressions: A smile,a slight frown or a straight face are all different expressions that add another layer (层)of meaning to what you are saying.Eye contact is an especially significantpart of body language that you need to pay attention to while speaking English or listening to someone else.
Hand gestures:When you talk,do you move your hands around or do you keep them at yourside Folded arms,hands on hips or hands in pockets can create different messages even if you are saying the same words.
Body position:The position of your body also means a lot.Leaning forward while somebody is speaking or how far you stand apart from your audience----it all matters.
How to Practice English Body Language
While learning how to speak English takes a lot of work,from mastering grammar to perfecting pronunciation, body language requires the same attention and investment(投入). What makes it even more challenging is that body language varies from culture to culture. For example, did you know that in Bulgaria, people nod their heads up and down to mean“no”
Therefore,you need to learn body language from real native English speakers. But how can you practice if you are not currently living with English speakers or in an English-speaking region
1. Which of the following is a facial expression
A. Giving your brother a bear hug.
B. Saying hello to your friend.
C. Nodding to your boss in the meeting.
D. Raising your eyebrows on seeing a dog.
2. What causes more dfficulties in learning body language
A. The cultural differences.
B. The changing gestures.
C. A lack of communication.
D. A lack of professional training.
3. What will be written in the following paragraphs
A. The history of body language.
B. The advantages of body language.
C. The ways of practicing body language.
D. The problems of learning body language.
B
George Shull was born in 1874 on a farm in Clark County, Obio, and his knowledge of plants and hybrids came at an early age. Being needed on the farm, Shull received his early formal education off and on. However, it was supplemented (增补) by intense home study so that by 1892. he was teaching in a public school, and later attending Antioch College.
In 1901, he graduated from Antioch and went to the University of Chicago to do graduate work. With his knowledge of botany and experience with farming practices, Shull passed a Civil Service exam, and was appointed as a botanical assistant at the U. S. National Herbarium. He also worked at the U. S. Bureau of Plant Industry as a botanical expert examining the plants and animals of Chesapeake Bay and Currituck Sound. The data he collected during this time was to comprise his Ph. D. thesis (论文). And in 1904 he was appointed to be in charge of plant work at the Station for Experimental Evolution.
He began working on corn in 1905. Following Gregor Mendel’s example, Shull obtained purebred (纯种的) lines of corn through self-pollination (自花受粉). The pure-bred lines were less healthy and productive, but when he crossed the pure-bred lines, the hybrid yields were better than any of the parents or those pollinated in the open fields. He immediately recognized the potential for using this strategy to improve crop yields.
In 1915, Shull accepted a professorship at Princeton University. With his encouragement, Princeton University Press began the publication of a new journal, Genetics. Shull was the managing editor for ten years. Genetics is still one of the top international science journals.
Shull retired in 1942. He and his wife spent most of their later years with their children and grandchildren.
4. What does the underlined part “off and on” in paragraph 1 mean
A. Not surprisingly. B. Very formally. C. Very excellently. D. Not regularly.
5. What’s paragraph 2 mainly about
A. George Shull’s contributions. B. George Shull’s research
C. George Shull’s work experience. D. George Shull’s education.
6. What was so special about Shull’s method of corn breeding
A. It completely relied on self-pollination. B. It was first published in Genetics.
C. It was widely accepted in Ohio. D. It focused on crossing pure-bred lines.
7. How does the author mainly develop the text
A. By giving examples. B. By following time order.
C. By making comparisons. D. By presenting a scientific study.
C
Can a small group of drones (无人机) guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year That is the very likely future of applying today’s “eyes in the sky” technology to make sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure (基础设施) worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.
Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points. The more regularly they can be inspected, the more railway safety, reliability and on-time performance will be improved. Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient (高效) across the board.
That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety. It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews’ efforts.
By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems. To perform these tasks, drones for rail don’t need to be flying overhead. Engineers are now working on a new concept: the rail drones of the future. They will be moving on the track ahead of the train, and programmed to run autonomously. Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot. With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.
8. What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible
A. The use of drones in checking on power lines. B. Drones’ ability to work at high altitudes.
C. The reduction of cost in designing drones. D. Drones’ reliable performance in remote areas.
9. What does “maintenance” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to
A Personnel safety. B. Assistance from drones.
C. Inspection and repair. D. Construction of infrastructure.
10. What function is expected of the rail drones
A. To provide early warning. B. To make trains run automatically.
C. To earn profits for the crews. D. To accelerate transportation.
11. Which is the most suitable title for the text
A. What Faults Can Be Detected with Drones
B. How Production of Drones Can Be Expanded
C. What Difficulty Drone Development Will Face
D. How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways
D
On October 12,2021,China officially announced its first five national parks, which are homes to endangered species ranging from the Siberian tigers on the Russian border to the world’s last 30 Hainan black crested gibbons(黑冠长臂猿)in southern China’s tropical rainforest.
By uniting hundreds of protected areas managed by various provinces, the new national park system’s goal is to strengthen conservation under the central authority of the new National Forestry and Grassland Administration(NFGA)
These five parks cover an area two-third the size of the US national park system. The largest, Sanjiangyuan National Park in Qinghai Province, is almost the size of Mississippi.
With such an ambitious plan, there are bound to be challenges. For one the government has to balance the need for the livelihoods of the locals with wildlife conservation. It has not announced a plan to create a permitting system that would regulate how people enjoy nature. What’s more,ecotourism-which is defined as tourism that benefits both locals and their environment-only exists in a fifth of China’s nature reserves.
But there’s hope that the existing ecotourism projects in such nature reserves as Sanjiangyuan National Park and Wolong Nature Reserve will inspire efforts elsewhere in the new park system. Since 2018, Sanjiangyuan National Park has run a community-led tourism program that benefits both locals and snow leopards(豹), the park’s main tourist draw. For $43 a day, visitors can stay with local families, who act as guides to spot these rare “cats” in the wild.
“The community has made all the major decisions, and 100 percent of the income stays in the community. It’s been incredibly successful,” says Marc Brody, who has worked in China since 1994.
NFGA agrees that well-designed ecotourism can improve local ecosystems. It says that a core mission(核心使命)of China’s national parks is to promote eco-civilizationa mission that can be advanced by involving visitors Written into China’s constitution(宪法)in 2012, eco-civilization means scientifically balancing the economic development and the environmental protection.
12. Which park is home to the thirty endangered gibbons
A. Hainan National Park. B. Wolong Nature Reserve.
C. Northeast National Park. D. Sanjiangyuan National Park.
13. What can be learned about Sanjiangyuan National Park
A. It is bigger than Mississippi. B. It sits on the Russian border.
C. It is a pioneer in ecotourism. D. It has a mature permitting system.
14. Which word best describes Marc Brody’s attitude to ecotourism
A. Skeptical. B. Unconcerned C. Disapproving D. Positive
15. What is the main purpose of China’s national parks
A. To protect the endangered animals.
B. To help the local people out of poverty.
C. To balance the economy and the environment.
D. To set a better development example for the world.
第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
Sleeping in class prevents you from paying attention to the teacher as well as stops you from learning about the material that is being taught.___16___It is important to determine why you are falling asleep in class and try to change the situation so that you are able to stay awake and pass all of your classes. There are a number of different tricks you can use to try to stay awake, as well as habits you can adopt to help your alertness.
Get a full night's sleep on school nights. The National Sleep Foundation has reported that teenagers may need more sleep than adults.___17___This is a key part to staying awake in class. If you are not tired, you are unlikely to fall asleep.
Eat a healthy breakfast full of nutritious foods.___18___If you get hungry or tired in the middle of the day, try eating a healthy snack like a piece of fruit or some biscuits. If necessary, drink something with sugar or caffeine in it directly before the class.
___19___If you are actively engaged in the information the teacher is presenting, you are less likely to doze off. Taking notes, asking questions and otherwise getting involved in classroom activities anddiscussions will make you far less likely to doze off.
Contact your doctor in order to rule out medical conditions that can cause you to fall asleep. ___20___Prescription drugs may also cause sleepiness or drowsiness as a side effect, so discuss any medicines you are taking with your doctor.
A. Get involved during class.
B. Early to bed, early to rise.
C. It can also get you in trouble with your teachers.
D It can provide you with enough protein to fuel your body.
E. Energy-boosting drinks keep you energized during the time you're in class.
F. If you have a medical condition that is causing you to fall asleep in class, you will need to be treated by a professional.
G. Go to bed earlier and make sure you get as many hours of sleep as your body needs.
二、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Technology has really improved my life over the past years. For example, the ____21____ that the iPhone brought have been dramatic (巨大的). We ____22____ our phones as music players, cameras, flashlights, and entertainment (娱乐) devices. We can use Siri, or Google on our phones to ____23____ to our voice requests. Phones have ____24____ become a way to pay for items. And the saying “There’s an app for that” has become a serious ____25____ to many of our questions and problems.
The Amazon Echo voice assistant (Alexa) has also had a dramatic ____26____ on my life. With a few Internet-connected light bulbs and switches, I can now ____27____ Alexa to turn lights and devices on and off. When I get into bed at night, I tell Alexa what time to ____28____ me. In the morning, Alexa ____29____ the alarm clock and gives me the weather and news.
A more recent ______30______ to my home, the Google Home voice assistant, has also made my life ______31______ . With the addition of a $35 Chromecast device for my TV and a subscription (订阅) to Netflix, I can tell Google to play a certain Netflix movie or television show by ______32______ . For example, I can say, “Hey Google, ______33______ The Crown on TV.” My TV will display the show and ______34______ right where I left off. No more ______35______ the series in the Netflix app or trying to remember what I watched last.
21. A. prices B. voices C. problems D. changes
22. A. require B. use C. look D. copy
23. A. agree B. relate C. respond D. compare
24. A. still B. even C. never D. seldom
25. A. way B. discussion C. plan D. answer
26. A. push B. recovery C. decision D. impact
27. A. ask B. allow C. beg D. force
28 A. teach B. warn C. invite D. wake
29. A. switches B. sounds C. sets D. tests
30. A. addition B. direction C. connection D. description
31. A. safer B. longer C. worse D. easier
32. A. time B. order C. name D. example
33 A. watch B. play C. film D. buy
34. A. organize B. record C. close D. start
35. A. thinking about B. turning to C. searching for D. giving up
三、语法填空（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
An amusement park or theme park is a group of entertaining attractions, rides, and other ___36___(event) in a location for the enjoyment of ___37___(vary) people. For many, there’s only one good reason to go to an amusement park: the roller coaster. Others, however, are afraid of riding coasters. They even dare not get one step ___38___(close) to a coaster.
Roller coasters often appeal ___39___ kids whose lives are boring stressful or controlled.___40___ expert says, “The summers ___41___ kids could be kids and float down a river in an inner tube are over. Roller coasters are a way of ___42___(break) out of routines in which too much is expected of you by others in everyday life. You can let go and scream and shout or do whatever you want.” Attendance at amusement parks ___43___(show) many adults feel the same way.
___44___(compare) with some adventure sports, such as skateboarding and extreme mountain biking, riding roller coasters is safe. Parents ____45____(usual) don’t mind when kids go on coasters. Roller coasters also bring people together. Riders share the thrill and adventure of surviving what feels like an extreme experience.
四、基础知识：单句语法填空（共30题：每空1分，满分30分）
46. The Palace Music is so __________(appeal) that it attracts tourists from all over the world.(所给词的适当形式填空)
47. Alan is someone who always needs the______(approve) of other people.(所给词的适当形式填空)
48. These plants have a ________(tend) to grow in the more rural areas. (所给词的适当形式填空）
49. Some schools will have to make ______ (adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform. （用单词适当形式填空）
50. Many people expressed a strong ________ (prefer) for the original plan. (所给词的适当形式填空)
51. It’s thought that one’s ________(anxious)often occurs as a result of his unsuccessful adaptation to the new surroundings.(所给词的适当形式填空)
52. We need to cut down on our fuel ________(consume) by having fewer cars on the road. （所给词的适当形式填空）
53. We should discuss the problems in ____________(deep). (所给词的适当形式填空)
54. Technology is also the application of __________(science) knowledge to solve a problem. (所给词的适当形式填空)
55. The engines shut off ________(automatic) in an emergency. (所给词的适当形式填空)
56. It’s no use _____ (complain) without taking action. (所给词的适当形式填空)
57. Many young people lack the ability __________(adapt) to the new environment. (所给词的适当形式填空)
58. The man returned home, only __________(find) the door broken by someone. (所给词的适当形式填空)
59. A girl drew public attention for her outstanding performance at The Chinese Poetry Competition __________(organize) by China Central Television. (所给词的适当形式填空)
60. Don’t allow yourself to get ______(distract) from the things that really matter to you. (所给词的适当形式填空)
61. Come to Dollywood to have fun ________(learn) all about America’s historical southeastern culture! (所给词的适当形式填空)
62. ________(occupy) herself with routine office tasks, she had no time to attend to her children. (所给词的适当形式填空)
63. _____________(force) to do what a person doesn't like to is an unpleasant thing. (所给词的适当形式填空）
64. It is widely known __________ more und more foreigners are learning Chinese culture now. (用适当的词填空)
65. The reason for his absence is __________ he hasn’t been informed. (用适当的词填空)
66. ________will be in charge of the company is being discussed. （用适当的词填空）
67. There is some doubt __________ he is the best man for the job. (用适当的词填空)
68. City people don’t know ________ peaceful it is to be away from crowded streets and busy shopping centres. (用适当的词填空)
69. __________breaks the law should be punished. (用适当的词填空)
70. I knew nothing about the accident except ________I read in the newspaper. (用适当的词填空)
71. The best moment for the football star was ___he scored the goal. (用适当的词填空)
72. Don’t be sad. The most important thing is __________ we must learn from our mistakes and move on. (用适当的词填空)
73. When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know _____ lane he is entering. (用适当的词填空)
74. Mr. Darcy is quite rich but too proud, and that’s __________ Elizabeth doesn’t like him. (用适当的词填空)
75. Home is ________ you can find love and care. (用适当的词填空)
五、写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
76. 上周末，学校组织同学们去开心农场进行采摘活动，以My Weekend为题写一篇活动报道，向校刊投稿，内容包括：
1. 农场情况；
2. 采摘过程；
3. 活动意义。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
My Weekend
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
77. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One day a cat appeared at our back door. My four-year-old brother Daniel and I were both surprised and quickly fell in love with the cat. All that afternoon, the three of us played together. In the evening, we begged our parents to let our new friend come inside. But Mom said, “This cat looks too clean and healthy to be homeless. He must have a home already. ”
However, the next day, the cat was still there. ”Yeah!” said Daniel. “He wants to be our cat!” It did seem so. He hung around here all day, playing with Daniel and me outside. That day, our parents decided to find his owner. They made “cat-found” leaflets (传单), with the cat’s picture and our phone number. We put up the leaflets around the neighborhood. The third day, I named him Alley, and our parents let us put some food out for him. The fourth day, to our excitement, our parents allowed us to bring him inside. Alley enjoyed staying with us.
Two weeks later, to our disappointment, a man appeared at our door holding our leaflet, Alley walked over to him and rubbed (摩擦) himself against the man’s leg. “I’m Johnson,” he announced, picking Alley up. “I see you’ve met my only roommate. He wandered away when I was out of town. Can I offer you some money for watching him ”
“No,” Dad said. “It was a pleasure to have him as our guest.” At the door, Mr. Johnson turned back and faced us kids. Seeing our tears, he said, “I’m sorry. I didn’t realize you kids had been good friends with my cat. I only live a few blocks away. If you two would like to visit my cat.” Daniel just ran away, crying. Mr. Johnson left his phone number and went away. Over his shoulder was Alley. Alley’s unreadable green eyes looked back at me all the way down the walk. For days, we missed Alley.
Then one day, I heard Daniel in our yard shouting, “Alley is back alone! He somehow has found his way here.” I was amazed.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
I hurried outside to the yard, followed by my dad.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When Dad opened the door, I said to Mr. Johnson, “I think he wants to live with us.”
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________湛江市第二中学2023-2024学年第一学期第1次月考
高二英语试卷
一、阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Body language is important for communication in every language. If you really want to be fluentand communicate effectively with English speakers, you will need to understand what types of body language they use.
What Exactly is Body Language
Body language is the movement of facial features or body parts, which intentionally(有意地)or unintentionally express thoughts and attitudes. Here are three key types:
Facial expressions: A smile,a slight frown or a straight face are all different expressions that add another layer (层)of meaning to what you are saying.Eye contact is an especially significantpart of body language that you need to pay attention to while speaking English or listening to someone else.
Hand gestures:When you talk,do you move your hands around or do you keep them at yourside Folded arms,hands on hips or hands in pockets can create different messages even if you are saying the same words.
Body position:The position of your body also means a lot.Leaning forward while somebody is speaking or how far you stand apart from your audience----it all matters.
How to Practice English Body Language
While learning how to speak English takes a lot of work,from mastering grammar to perfecting pronunciation, body language requires the same attention and investment(投入). What makes it even more challenging is that body language varies from culture to culture. For example, did you know that in Bulgaria, people nod their heads up and down to mean“no”
Therefore,you need to learn body language from real native English speakers. But how can you practice if you are not currently living with English speakers or in an English-speaking region
1. Which of the following is a facial expression
A. Giving your brother a bear hug.
B. Saying hello to your friend.
C. Nodding to your boss in the meeting.
D. Raising your eyebrows on seeing a dog.
2. What causes more dfficulties in learning body language
A The cultural differences.
B. The changing gestures.
C. A lack of communication.
D. A lack of professional training.
3. What will be written in the following paragraphs
A. The history of body language.
B. The advantages of body language.
C. The ways of practicing body language.
D. The problems of learning body language.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。肢体语言对于每种语言的交流都很重要。如果你真的想流利地与说英语的人进行有效的交流，你需要了解他们使用哪种类型的肢体语言。本文主要对不同种类的肢体语言给出了定义。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Facial expressions”部分中“A smile,a slight frown or a straight face are all different expressions that add another layer (层)of meaning to what you are saying.”（一个微笑，一个轻微的皱眉或者一张严肃的脸都是不同的表情，这些表情为你所说的话增加了另一层含义。）可知，包含面部动作都属于肢体动作面部表情，选项D“看到狗就扬起眉毛。”包含眼部的动作，属于面部表情，故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“What makes it even more challenging is that body language varies from culture to culture.”（更具挑战性是，不同文化的肢体语言各不相同。）可知，文化不同，同样的肢体语言表示的含义也不同，这一点增加了理解肢体语言的困难。故选A。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But how can you practice if you are not currently living with English speakers or in an English-speaking region ”（但是如果你现在不和说英语的人住在一起，或者住在一个说英语的地区，你怎么能练习呢？）提出了问题，所以接下来的内容可以介绍练习肢体语言的方法。故选C。
B
George Shull was born in 1874 on a farm in Clark County, Obio, and his knowledge of plants and hybrids came at an early age. Being needed on the farm, Shull received his early formal education off and on. However, it was supplemented (增补) by intense home study so that by 1892. he was teaching in a public school, and later attending Antioch College.
In 1901, he graduated from Antioch and went to the University of Chicago to do graduate work. With his knowledge of botany and experience with farming practices, Shull passed a Civil Service exam, and was appointed as a botanical assistant at the U. S. National Herbarium. He also worked at the U. S. Bureau of Plant Industry as a botanical expert examining the plants and animals of Chesapeake Bay and Currituck Sound. The data he collected during this time was to comprise his Ph. D. thesis (论文). And in 1904 he was appointed to be in charge of plant work at the Station for Experimental Evolution.
He began working on corn in 1905. Following Gregor Mendel’s example, Shull obtained purebred (纯种的) lines of corn through self-pollination (自花受粉). The pure-bred lines were less healthy and productive, but when he crossed the pure-bred lines, the hybrid yields were better than any of the parents or those pollinated in the open fields. He immediately recognized the potential for using this strategy to improve crop yields.
In 1915, Shull accepted a professorship at Princeton University. With his encouragement, Princeton University Press began the publication of a new journal, Genetics. Shull was the managing editor for ten years. Genetics is still one of the top international science journals.
Shull retired in 1942. He and his wife spent most of their later years with their children and grandchildren.
4. What does the underlined part “off and on” in paragraph 1 mean
A. Not surprisingly. B. Very formally. C. Very excellently. D. Not regularly.
5. What’s paragraph 2 mainly about
A. George Shull’s contributions. B. George Shull’s research
C. George Shull’s work experience. D. George Shull’s education.
6. What was so special about Shull’s method of corn breeding
A. It completely relied on self-pollination. B. It was first published in Genetics.
C. It was widely accepted in Ohio. D. It focused on crossing pure-bred lines.
7. How does the author mainly develop the text
A. By giving examples. B. By following time order.
C. By making comparisons. D. By presenting a scientific study.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了著名植物学家George Shull的学习和工作经历以及重要成就。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段第二句中的“Being needed on the farm”(被农场需要)可知，George Shull小时候需要做农活，所以无法正常接受正规教育。所以off and on意为“断断续续地，时不时地”。故选D。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段第二句“With his knowledge of botany and experience with farming practices, Shull passed a Civil Service exam, and was appointed as a botanical assistant at the U. S. National Herbarium.”(凭借他的植物学知识和农业实践经验，Shull通过了公务员考试，并被任命为美国国家植物标本馆的植物学助理。)和最后一句“And in 1904 he was appointed to be in charge of plant work at the Station for Experimental Evolution.”(1904年，他被任命负责实验进化站的植物工作。)可知，第二段主要是讲George Shull的工作经历。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第三句和第四句“The pure-bred lines were less healthy and productive, but when he crossed the pure-bred lines, the hybrid yields were better than any of the parents or those pollinated in the open fields. He immediately recognized the potential for using this strategy to improve crop yields.”(纯种品种的健康和产量都较差，但当他杂交纯种品种时，杂交品种的产量比任何亲本或在开阔田野授粉的亲本都好。他立即意识到利用这种策略提高作物产量的潜力。)可知，Shull的玉米育种方法的特殊之处在于专注杂交纯种品种。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“George Shull was born in 1874 on a farm in Clark County, Obio, and his knowledge of plants and hybrids came at an early age.”(George Shull在1874年出生于奥比奥州克拉克县的一个农场，他早年就对植物和杂交作物有了了解。)，第二段第一句“In 1901, he graduated from Antioch and went to the University of Chicago to do graduate work.”(1901年，他从安提阿大学毕业，到芝加哥大学攻读研究生学位。)，第三段第一句“He began working on corn in 1905.”(1905年，他开始研究玉米。)，第四段第一句“In 1915, Shull accepted a professorship at Princeton University.”(1915年，Shull接受了普林斯顿大学的教授职位。)和最后一段“Shull retired in 1942. He and his wife spent most of their later years with their children and grandchildren.”(Shull于1942年退休。他和妻子晚年的大部分时间都是和儿孙们在一起度过的。)可知，这篇文章是按照时间顺序组织的。故选B。
C
Can a small group of drones (无人机) guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year That is the very likely future of applying today’s “eyes in the sky” technology to make sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure (基础设施) worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.
Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points. The more regularly they can be inspected, the more railway safety, reliability and on-time performance will be improved. Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient (高效) across the board.
That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety. It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews’ efforts.
By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems. To perform these tasks, drones for rail don’t need to be flying overhead. Engineers are now working on a new concept: the rail drones of the future. They will be moving on the track ahead of the train, and programmed to run autonomously. Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot. With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.
8. What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible
A. The use of drones in checking on power lines. B. Drones’ ability to work at high altitudes.
C. The reduction of cost in designing drones. D. Drones’ reliable performance in remote areas.
9. What does “maintenance” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to
A. Personnel safety. B. Assistance from drones.
C. Inspection and repair. D. Construction of infrastructure.
10. What function is expected of the rail drones
A. To provide early warning. B. To make trains run automatically.
C. To earn profits for the crews. D. To accelerate transportation.
11. Which is the most suitable title for the text
A. What Faults Can Be Detected with Drones
B. How Production of Drones Can Be Expanded
C. What Difficulty Drone Development Will Face
D. How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。应用今天的“空中之眼”的技术，无人机能在保证铁路安全可靠的同时又能帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧元。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points.(无人机已经被用于检查高压电线。他们完全可以做同样的事情来检查铁路线路和铁路基础设施的其他重要方面，如铁路轨道和换乘点的正确位置)”可推知，使用无人机检查电力线使无人机应用于铁路线路成为可能。故选A。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据后文“It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. (据统计，仅欧洲铁路公司每年在铁路维护上的花费就约为200亿欧元，其中包括经常在夜间派遣维修人员检查和维修铁路基础设施)”可知花在maintenance上的费用是用于“inspect and repair the rail infrastructure （检查和维修铁路基础设施”，由此可知“That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety”是指大幅节省检修成本和更好地保护铁路人员安全，画线词和 C项：Inspection and repair(检修)含义相近。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段 “Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot. With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.(带有先进传感器和人工智能的非常小的无人机可以像副驾驶一样在火车前面行驶。凭借他们的预见能力，他们可以发出任何问题的信号，以便快速行驶的火车能够及时做出反应)”可知，对于无人机期待的功能是提前发现问题。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Can a small group of drones(无人机)guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year That is the very likely future of applying today’s “eyes in the sky” technology to make sure that the millions of kilometers of rail tracks and infrastructure(基础设施)worldwide are safe for trains on a24/7 basis.(一小群无人机能否在保证铁路安全可靠的同时，帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧元？这很可能是应用今天的“空中之眼”技术的未来，以确保全球数百万公里的铁路轨道和基础设施全天候安全运行。)”以及后文第二段讲到了使用无人机检查电力线路使无人机应用于铁路线路成为可能;第三段讲到了使用无人机大幅节省维护成本和更好地保护铁路人员安全；第四段讲到了通过使用最新的技术，无人机还可以开始为铁路提供更高的价值，可知文章主要讲述了无人机将如何改变铁路的未来，所以D项“无人机将如何改变铁路的未来。”符合文章中心思想，适合作为本文的最佳标题。故选D。
【点睛】
D
On October 12,2021,China officially announced its first five national parks, which are homes to endangered species ranging from the Siberian tigers on the Russian border to the world’s last 30 Hainan black crested gibbons(黑冠长臂猿)in southern China’s tropical rainforest.
By uniting hundreds of protected areas managed by various provinces, the new national park system’s goal is to strengthen conservation under the central authority of the new National Forestry and Grassland Administration(NFGA)
These five parks cover an area two-third the size of the US national park system. The largest, Sanjiangyuan National Park in Qinghai Province, is almost the size of Mississippi.
With such an ambitious plan, there are bound to be challenges. For one the government has to balance the need for the livelihoods of the locals with wildlife conservation. It has not announced a plan to create a permitting system that would regulate how people enjoy nature. What’s more,ecotourism-which is defined as tourism that benefits both locals and their environment-only exists in a fifth of China’s nature reserves.
But there’s hope that the existing ecotourism projects in such nature reserves as Sanjiangyuan National Park and Wolong Nature Reserve will inspire efforts elsewhere in the new park system. Since 2018, Sanjiangyuan National Park has run a community-led tourism program that benefits both locals and snow leopards(豹), the park’s main tourist draw. For $43 a day, visitors can stay with local families, who act as guides to spot these rare “cats” in the wild.
“The community has made all the major decisions, and 100 percent of the income stays in the community. It’s been incredibly successful,” says Marc Brody, who has worked in China since 1994.
NFGA agrees that well-designed ecotourism can improve local ecosystems. It says that a core mission(核心使命)of China’s national parks is to promote eco-civilizationa mission that can be advanced by involving visitors Written into China’s constitution(宪法)in 2012, eco-civilization means scientifically balancing the economic development and the environmental protection.
12. Which park is home to the thirty endangered gibbons
A. Hainan National Park. B. Wolong Nature Reserve.
C. Northeast National Park. D. Sanjiangyuan National Park.
13. What can be learned about Sanjiangyuan National Park
A. It is bigger than Mississippi. B. It sits on the Russian border.
C. It is a pioneer in ecotourism. D. It has a mature permitting system.
14. Which word best describes Marc Brody’s attitude to ecotourism
A. Skeptical. B. Unconcerned C. Disapproving D. Positive
15. What is the main purpose of China’s national parks
A. To protect the endangered animals.
B. To help the local people out of poverty.
C. To balance the economy and the environment.
D. To set a better development example for the world.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了我国刚刚成立的五个国家公园的特色、存在的问题及解决办法。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“On October 12,2021,China officially announced its first five national parks, which are homes to endangered species ranging from the Siberian tigers on the Russian border to the world’s last 30 Hainan black crested gibbons(黑冠长臂猿)in southern China’s tropical rainforest.(2021年10月12日，中国正式宣布建立首批5个国家公园，这些公园是濒危物种的家园，从俄罗斯边境的西伯利亚虎到中国南部热带雨林中世界上最后30只海南黑冠长臂猿。)”可知海南国家公园是30只濒临灭绝的黑冠长臂猿的家园。故选A项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段“But there’s hope that the existing ecotourism projects in such nature reserves as Sanjiangyuan National Park and Wolong Nature Reserve will inspire efforts elsewhere in the new park system.(但人们希望，三江源国家公园和卧龙自然保护区等自然保护区的现有生态旅游项目将激励其他地方在新的公园体系中做出努力。)”可知三江源国家公园是生态旅游的开拓者之一。故选C项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第六段“The community has made all the major decisions, and 100 percent of the income stays in the community. It’s been incredibly successful,” says Marc Brody, who has worked in China since 1994.(社区已经做出了所有的主要决定，百分之百的收入将留在社区。从1994年开始在中国工作的Marc Brody说。)”可知Marc Brody对生态旅游的态度是积极肯定的。故选D项。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“NFGA agrees that well-designed ecotourism can improve local ecosystems.It says that a core mission(核心使命)of China's national parks is to promote eco-civilization mission that can be advanced by involving visitors Written into China’s constitution(宪法)in 2012，eco-civilization means scientifically balancing the economic development and the environmental protection. (NFGA认为精心设计的生态旅游可以改善当地的生态系统。它说中国国家公园的核心使命是促进生态文明，这一使命可以通过让游客参与来推进。2012年，中国宪法将生态文明写入，意味着科学地平衡经济发展和环境保护。)”可知，建立国家公园的主要目的是科学平衡经济发展与环境保护。故选C项。
第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
Sleeping in class prevents you from paying attention to the teacher as well as stops you from learning about the material that is being taught.___16___It is important to determine why you are falling asleep in class and try to change the situation so that you are able to stay awake and pass all of your classes. There are a number of different tricks you can use to try to stay awake, as well as habits you can adopt to help your alertness.
Get a full night's sleep on school nights. The National Sleep Foundation has reported that teenagers may need more sleep than adults.___17___This is a key part to staying awake in class. If you are not tired, you are unlikely to fall asleep.
Eat a healthy breakfast full of nutritious foods.___18___If you get hungry or tired in the middle of the day, try eating a healthy snack like a piece of fruit or some biscuits. If necessary, drink something with sugar or caffeine in it directly before the class.
___19___If you are actively engaged in the information the teacher is presenting you are less likely to doze off. Taking notes, asking questions and otherwise getting involved in classroom activities anddiscussions will make you far less likely to doze off.
Contact your doctor in order to rule out medical conditions that can cause you to fall asleep. ___20___Prescription drugs may also cause sleepiness or drowsiness as a side effect, so discuss any medicines you are taking with your doctor.
A. Get involved during class.
B. Early to bed, early to rise.
C. It can also get you in trouble with your teachers.
D. It can provide you with enough protein to fuel your body.
E. Energy-boosting drinks keep you energized during the time you're in class.
F. If you have a medical condition that is causing you to fall asleep in class, you will need to be treated by a professional.
G. Go to bed earlier and make sure you get as many hours of sleep as your body needs.
【答案】16. C 17. G 18. D 19. A 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何戒掉在课堂上睡觉的坏习惯的方法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Sleeping in class prevents you from paying attention to the teacher as well as stops you from learning about the material that is being taught.”（在课堂上睡觉会让你无法集中注意力听老师讲课，也会让你无法学习正在教授的内容。）可知，课堂上睡觉坏处很多，此处继续列举。因此，选项D项It can also get you in trouble with your teachers.（它也会让你在老师那里遇到麻烦。）符号文意，且it指代上文的Sleeping in class，also也是暗示点。故选C项。
【17题详解】
根据本段首句“Get a full night's sleep on school nights.”（在上学的晚上睡个好觉。）可知，本段从充足的睡眠这一角度展开，再结合下文“This is a key part to staying awake in class.”（这是在课堂上保持清醒的关键部分。）可知，选项G项Go to bed earlier and make sure you get as many hours of sleep as your body needs.（早点上床睡觉，确保你的身体需要足够的睡眠时间。）符合上下文语境，下文中的this指代选项内容。故选G项。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Eat a healthy breakfast full of nutritious foods.”（吃一顿充满营养的健康早餐。）可知，该句是本段小标题，设空处应该解释为什么需要吃营养早餐，选项D项It can provide you with enough protein to fuel your body.（它可以为你提供足够的蛋白质来为你的身体提供能量。）对此作出了解释，符合题意。故选D项。
【19题详解】
由该题为段落小标题可知，为总结该段内容。该段下文“If you are actively engaged in the information the teacher is presenting, you are less likely to doze off. Taking notes, asking questions and otherwise getting involved in classroom activities and discussions will make you far less likely to doze off.”（如果你积极地投入到老师所呈现的信息中，你就不太可能打瞌睡。记笔记，问问题，以其他方式参与课堂活动和讨论，会让你更不容易打瞌睡。）可知，主要讲的是积极地投入到老师所呈现的信息中。结合选项A项Get involved during class.（在课堂上积极参与。）意思一致，为总结该段内容。故选A项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Contact your doctor in order to rule out medical conditions that can cause you to fall asleep.”（联系你的医生，以排除可能导致你入睡的医疗条件。）可知，嗜睡可能是一种病。结合选项F项If you have a medical condition that is causing you to fall asleep in class, you will need to be treated by a professional.（如果你的身体状况导致你在课堂上睡着，你需要由专业人士治疗。）与前文相呼应，be treated by a professional与上文Contact your doctor对应，符合题意。故选F项。
二、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Technology has really improved my life over the past years. For example, the ____21____ that the iPhone brought have been dramatic (巨大的). We ____22____ our phones as music players, cameras, flashlights, and entertainment (娱乐) devices. We can use Siri, or Google on our phones to ____23____ to our voice requests. Phones have ____24____ become a way to pay for items. And the saying “There’s an app for that” has become a serious ____25____ to many of our questions and problems.
The Amazon Echo voice assistant (Alexa) has also had a dramatic ____26____ on my life. With a few Internet-connected light bulbs and switches, I can now ____27____ Alexa to turn lights and devices on and off. When I get into bed at night, I tell Alexa what time to ____28____ me. In the morning, Alexa ____29____ the alarm clock and gives me the weather and news.
A more recent ______30______ to my home, the Google Home voice assistant, has also made my life ______31______ . With the addition of a $35 Chromecast device for my TV and a subscription (订阅) to Netflix, I can tell Google to play a certain Netflix movie or television show by ______32______ . For example, I can say, “Hey Google, ______33______ The Crown on TV.” My TV will display the show and ______34______ right where I left off. No more ______35______ the series in the Netflix app or trying to remember what I watched last.
21. A. prices B. voices C. problems D. changes
22. A. require B. use C. look D. copy
23. A. agree B. relate C. respond D. compare
24. A. still B. even C. never D. seldom
25. A. way B. discussion C. plan D. answer
26. A. push B. recovery C. decision D. impact
27. A. ask B. allow C. beg D. force
28 A. teach B. warn C. invite D. wake
29. A. switches B. sounds C. sets D. tests
30. A. addition B. direction C. connection D. description
31. A. safer B. longer C. worse D. easier
32. A. time B. order C. name D. example
33. A. watch B. play C. film D. buy
34. A. organize B. record C. close D. start
35. A. thinking about B. turning to C. searching for D. giving up
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. D 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章作者描述了科技对他的生活产生的巨大影响。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，iPhone带来的变化是巨大的。A. prices价格；B. voices声音；C. problems问题；D. changes改变。根据上文“Technology has really improved my life over the past years.”和下文作者描述手机的各种用途可知，像 iPhone 之类的智能手机所带来的改变是非常巨大的。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们把手机用作音乐播放器、照相机、手电筒和娱乐设备。A. require要求；B. use使用；C. look看；D. copy复制。根据“We can use Siri, or Google on our phones to ____3____ to our voice requests.”可知，这里都是说手机的各种用途。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们可以使用手机上的Siri或谷歌来回应我们的语音请求。A. agree同意；B. relate涉及；C. respond回应；D. compare比较。根据“We can use Siri, or Google on our phones”和“our voice requests.”可知，手机中的 Siri 和 Google 两种程序能够对我们的语音请求作出回应。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：手机甚至已经成为购买商品的一种方式。A. still仍然；B. even甚至；C. never从不；D. seldom很少。根据常识和语境可知，本空所在句与上两句内容 “We ____2____ our phones as music players, cameras, flashlights, and entertainment (娱乐) devices. We can use Siri, or Google on our phones to ____3____ to our voice requests.”之间是递进关系，指出手机甚至变成了一种支付工具。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“有一款应用程序可以解决这个问题”这句话已经成为我们许多问题的严肃答案。A. way方法；B. discussion讨论；C. plan计划；D. answer答案。根据“There’s an app for that”可知，这里是说“有一个应用程序可以解决这个问题”这句话已经成为我们许多问题的答案。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：亚马逊Echo语音助手(Alexa)也对我的生活产生了巨大的影响。 A. push推；B. recovery恢复；C. decision决定；D. impact影响。根据下文“With a few Internet-connected light bulbs and switches, I can now ____7____ Alexa to turn lights and devices on and off. When I get into bed at night, I tell Alexa what time to ____8____ me. In the morning, Alexa ____9____ the alarm clock and gives me the weather and news.”作者描述他如何使用智能语音助手 Alexa 可知，Alexa 已经对他的生活产生了非常巨大的影响。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：只要有几个联网的灯泡和开关，我现在就可以让Alexa打开或关闭灯和设备。A. ask问；B. allow允许；C. beg恳求；D. force强迫。根据上文“The Amazon Echo voice assistant (Alexa) has also had a dramatic ____6____ on my life.”可知，Alexa 通过语音助手与用户进行沟通实现其功能。这里指作者通过语音告诉 Alexa 打开或者关闭灯和其他的设备，与上文中的 voice 呼应。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我晚上上床睡觉时，我会告诉Alexa什么时候叫醒我。A. teach教；B. warn警告；C. invite邀请；D. wake唤醒。根据“In the morning, Alexa ____9____ the alarm clock and gives me the weather and news.”可知，早晨，Alexa会通过闹钟叫醒作者。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：早上，Alexa会响闹钟，告诉我天气和新闻。A. switches转变；B. sounds（使）发出声音，响；C. sets设定；D. tests测试。根据“When I get into bed at night, I tell Alexa what time to ____8____ me.”和“the alarm clock”可知，Alexa 可以被用作闹钟（Alexa 发出闹钟的声音）叫醒作者。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我家最近新增的谷歌家居语音助手也让我的生活更轻松了。 A. addition增加物，添加物；B. direction方向；C. connection连接；D. description描绘。本段作者继续举例说明科技对他生活的改变。根据下文“With the addition of a $35 Chromecast device for my TV and a subscription (订阅) to Netflix,”可推测，谷歌家居语音助手应该是他家最新添置的电子设备，与下文中的 addition 是原词复现关系。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意：我家最近新增的谷歌家居语音助手也让我的生活更轻松了。A. safer更安全的；B. longer更长的；C. worse更糟的；D. easier更舒适的。根据下文描述可知，谷歌家居语音助手让作者的生活变得更舒适。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我家最近新增的谷歌家居语音助手也让我的生活更轻松了。A. time时间；B. order命令；C. name名字；D. example例子。根据下文作者的举例“For example, I can say, “Hey Google, _____13_____ The Crown on TV.””可知，他是对着谷歌家居语音助手说出了他想看的电视节目的名字。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，我可以说，“嘿，谷歌，在电视上播放《王冠》。” A. watch观看；B. play播放；C. film把……拍成电影；D. buy买。根据“With the addition of a $35 Chromecast device for my TV and a subscription (订阅) to Netflix, I can tell Google to play a certain Netflix movie or television show by _____12_____ .”可知，作者用谷歌家居语音助手播放电视，本空与上文中的 play 是原词复现关系。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的电视将显示节目，并从我结束的地方开始。A. organize组织；B. record记录；C. close关；D. start开始。根据“No more _____15_____ the series in the Netflix app or trying to remember what I watched last.”可知，安装了Chromecast 设备的电视非常智能，可以从上一次停止的位置开始播放。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：不用再在Netflix的应用程序上搜索剧集，也不用再试图记住我最后看了什么。A. thinking about思考；B. turning to转向；C. searching for搜寻；D. giving up放弃。根据“or trying to remember what I watched last.”可知，意味着不用从众多节目中搜寻或记住上一次看的是什么。故选C。
三、语法填空（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
An amusement park or theme park is a group of entertaining attractions, rides, and other ___36___(event) in a location for the enjoyment of ___37___(vary) people. For many, there’s only one good reason to go to an amusement park: the roller coaster. Others, however, are afraid of riding coasters. They even dare not get one step ___38___(close) to a coaster.
Roller coasters often appeal ___39___ kids whose lives are boring, stressful or controlled.___40___ expert says, “The summers ___41___ kids could be kids and float down a river in an inner tube are over. Roller coasters are a way of ___42___(break) out of routines in which too much is expected of you by others in everyday life. You can let go and scream and shout or do whatever you want.” Attendance at amusement parks ___43___(show) many adults feel the same way.
___44___(compare) with some adventure sports, such as skateboarding and extreme mountain biking, riding roller coasters is safe. Parents ____45____(usual) don’t mind when kids go on coasters. Roller coasters also bring people together. Riders share the thrill and adventure of surviving what feels like an extreme experience.
【答案】36. events
37. various
38. closer 39. to
40. An 41. when
42. breaking
43. shows pared
45. usually
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是在游乐园的众多娱乐项目中里为什么许多人喜欢坐过山车。
【36题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：一个游乐园或主题公园是一组娱乐景点，游乐设施，和其他活动在一个地方为不同的人享受。结合句意及空前的形容词other可知，应填名词的复数形式events，作表语。故填events。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：一个游乐园或主题公园是一组娱乐景点，游乐设施，和其他活动在一个地方为不同的人享受。此处修饰名词people，应用形容词various“不同的”，作定语。故填various。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他们甚至不敢靠近过山车一步。结合上下文尤其是上文的however可知，空处所在句意与上文是一种转折和对比关系，意在突出某些人对于过山车的害怕程度，再由系动词get可知，此处应填形容词的比较级形式，作表语。故填closer。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：过山车通常会吸引那些生活无聊、压力大或受控制的孩子们。结合句意及空前的动词appeal可知，应填介词to，构成短语appeal to sb.意为“……对于某人来说有吸引力”。故填to。
【40题详解】
考查冠词。句意：一位专家说：“孩子们可以像孩子一样坐在内胎里顺流而下的夏天已经结束了。”expert此处为泛指，且是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用an，首字母大写。故填An。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：一位专家说：“孩子们可以像孩子一样坐在内胎里顺流而下的夏天已经结束了。”此处为定语从句，先行词为The summers，关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when。故填when。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：坐过山车是打破在日常生活中别人对你有太多的期望常规的一种方式。结合句意及空前的介词of可知，应填动名词的形式，the way of doing sth.意为“做……的方式”，of doing sth.作后置定语。故填breaking。
【43题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：去游乐园游玩的人表明许多成年人也有同样的感觉。分析句子结构及句意可知，空处应填谓语动词的形式，此处为客观陈述且主语为Attendance，应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式shows。故填shows。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：与滑板和极限山地自行车等冒险运动相比，乘坐过山车是安全的。短语be compared with，表示“与……相比”，此处省略be动词，过去分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Compared。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：父母通常不介意孩子坐过山车。结合句意可知，空处应填副词usually，作状语，修饰动词mind。故填usually。
四、基础知识：单句语法填空（共30题：每空1分，满分30分）
46. The Palace Music is so __________(appeal) that it attracts tourists from all over the world.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】appealing
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：宫乐是如此吸引人，它吸引了来自世界各地的游客。此处作表语，修饰物，应用-ing结尾形容词appealing“吸引人的”。故填appealing。
47. Alan is someone who always needs the______(approve) of other people.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】approval
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：Alan是一个总是需要别人认可的人。根据空前的定冠词the可知，空处应填一个名词作宾语，approval意为“认可，赞同”，此处用作不可数名词，故填approval。
48. These plants have a ________(tend) to grow in the more rural areas. (所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】tendency
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查名词和固定短语。 句意：这些植物倾向于生长在较偏远的地区。根据空格前冠词可知应填入tend的名词形式tendency(趋势、倾向) ，且 have a tendency to do为固定短语，意为“有做……的趋势/倾向”。故填tendency。
49. Some schools will have to make ______ (adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform. （用单词适当形式填空）
【答案】adjustments
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。make adjustments做出调整，是固定短语。句意：一些学校将不得不做出调整，以便和国家足球改革保持一致。故填adjustments。
50. Many people expressed a strong ________ (prefer) for the original plan. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】preference
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：许多人对原来的计划表示强烈的偏爱。根据句意以及空前的a strong，空处应填名词单数形式，故填preference。
51. It’s thought that one’s ________(anxious)often occurs as a result of his unsuccessful adaptation to the new surroundings.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】anxiety
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：人们认为，一个人的焦虑往往是由于他不适应新环境而产生的。设空处作从句主语，且前有one’s修饰，故填anxious的名词形式anxiety，不可数名词，故填anxiety。
52. We need to cut down on our fuel ________(consume) by having fewer cars on the road. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】consumption
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们需要通过减少路上的汽车来减少燃料消耗。横线前是介词on，横线上需要用名词来作介词的宾语，consume的名词形式为consumption，不可数。故填consumption。
53. We should discuss the problems in ____________(deep). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】depth
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们应该深入讨论这些问题。分析句子，设空处应该使用deep的名词depth作宾语，意为“深度”。故填depth。
54. Technology is also the application of __________(science) knowledge to solve a problem. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】scientific
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：技术也是应用科学知识来解决问题。修饰名词knowledge应用形容词scientific，作定语。故填scientific。
55. The engines shut off ________(automatic) in an emergency. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】automatically
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：在紧急情况下，这个引擎会自动关闭。此处应使用副词automatically修饰动词短语shut off ，故填automatically。
56. It’s no use _____ (complain) without taking action. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】complaining
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：抱怨而不采取行动是没有用的。It’s no use doing sth做某事没有用，是固定句型。故填complaining。
57. Many young people lack the ability __________(adapt) to the new environment. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to adapt
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多年轻人缺乏适应新环境的能力。名词ability后跟不定式作后置定语。故填to adapt。
58. The man returned home, only __________(find) the door broken by someone. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to find
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个人匆忙回到家，却发现有人闯进来过。only to+动词原形是习惯用法，表示出乎意料的结果，设空处应填入不定式作结果状语。故填to find。
59. A girl drew public attention for her outstanding performance at The Chinese Poetry Competition __________(organize) by China Central Television. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】organized
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一个女孩在中央电视台举办的中国诗歌比赛中表现出色，引起了公众的关注。此处______ by China Central Television是定语，修饰the Chinese Poetry Com petition，the Chinese Poetry Com petition和organize之间是被动关系，故要用过去分词作定语。故填organized。
60. Don’t allow yourself to get ______(distract) from the things that really matter to you. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】distracted
【解析】
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：不要让自己从对你真正重要的事情上分心。 所给动词distract是及物动词，表示“使某人分心分神”，结合空前get，get done结构表示被动含义，符合句意。故填distracted。
61. Come to Dollywood to have fun ________(learn) all about America’s historical southeastern culture! (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】learning
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词作宾语和固定短语。句意：来多莱坞尽情学习美国东南部的历史文化吧！have fun (in) doing sth.为固定短语，意为“喜欢做某事”，因此空格处用动名词作宾语，故填learning。
62. ________(occupy) herself with routine office tasks, she had no time to attend to her children. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Occupying
【解析】
【详解】考查现在分词。句意：她忙于日常的办公室工作，没有时间照顾孩子。occupy oneself with...(使自己忙于或从事……)，occupy用作非谓语动词，和逻辑主语she是主动关系，occupy用现在分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Occupying。
63. _____________(force) to do what a person doesn't like to is an unpleasant thing. (所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】Being force
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词。句意：被迫去做自己不喜欢的事情是令人不快的。分析句子可知，此处应用动名词作为句子主语，根据句意可知，此处意为“被迫”，故应用动名词的被动式being done，故填Being forced。
64. It is widely known __________ more und more foreigners are learning Chinese culture now. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】that
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：众所周知，现在越来越多的外国人正在学习中国文化。根据句意及所给句子可知，it是形式主语，后面的从句才是真正的主语，从句句意完整、成分齐全，应用只起连接作用、无实义的that引导。故填that。
65. The reason for his absence is __________ he hasn’t been informed. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】that
【解析】
【详解】考查表语从句的引导词。句意：他缺席的原因是没有通知他。设空处引导表语从句，从句句意完整，不缺成分，应用that。故填that。
66. ________will be in charge of the company is being discussed. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】Who
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：谁将掌管这家公司正在被议论。分析句子可知，此处缺少主语从句连接词，使用连词who“谁”符合题意，位于句首，单词首字母大写，故填who。
67. There is some doubt __________ he is the best man for the job. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】whether
【解析】
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：有人怀疑他是否是做这项工作的最佳人选。引导同位语从句，说明doubt的内容，结合句意，引导同位语从句表示“是否”用whether。故填whether。
68. City people don’t know ________ peaceful it is to be away from crowded streets and busy shopping centres. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】how
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：城市的人们不知道远离拥挤的街道和繁忙的购物中心是多么宁静。分析可知，宾语从句是一个感叹句，根据句意和空后的形容词peaceful 可知，此处应填how，表示“多么”。故填how。
69. __________breaks the law should be punished. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】Whoever
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：无论是谁违反法律都要受到惩罚。分析句子可知，此句为主语从句，从句中缺少主语成分，且从句中主语也作主句主语，结合语境翻译可知，此处指代的是人，因此使用whoever引导主语从句，且位于句首首字母需大写。故填Whoever。
【点睛】
70. I knew nothing about the accident except ________I read in the newspaper. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】what
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：除了在报纸上看到的，我对事故一无所知。引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，指事物应用what引导。故填what。
71. The best moment for the football star was ___he scored the goal. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】when
【解析】
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：这位足球明星最精彩的瞬间是他射门得分的时候。分析句子结构可知，was后为表语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，由前面的The best moment可知，表语从句中缺少“……的时候”，因此空格处用表示时间的引导词when，故填when。
72. Don’t be sad. The most important thing is __________ we must learn from our mistakes and move on. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】that
【解析】
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：不要难过，最重要的事情是我们必须从我们的错误中吸取教训，然后继续前进。此处为表语从句，从句中不缺少成分，且句意完整，故用只起连接作用的that引导。故填that。
73. When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know _____ lane he is entering. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】which
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：当变道时，司机应该使用信号灯让其他司机知道他即将变到哪条车道。空处引导宾语从句，结合句意表示“哪一个”，作lane的定语，应用which。故填which。
74. Mr. Darcy is quite rich but too proud, and that’s __________ Elizabeth doesn’t like him. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】why
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：达西先生很有钱，但太骄傲了，这就是伊丽莎白不喜欢他的原因。表示“是……的原因”句型为that is why...，故填why。
75. Home is ________ you can find love and care. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】where
【解析】
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：家是你能找到爱和关怀的地方。空格处引导的是表语从句，由句意可知，“家是你能找到爱和关怀的地方”，空格处意为“……的地方”，应用连接副词where引导。故填where。
五、写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
76. 上周末，学校组织同学们去开心农场进行采摘活动，以My Weekend为题写一篇活动报道，向校刊投稿，内容包括：
1. 农场情况；
2. 采摘过程；
3. 活动意义。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
My Weekend
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
My Weekend
Organized by our school, all the teachers and students of senior one went to Happy Farm to help the farmers pick peaches last weekend.
The farm is situated at the foot of a mountain. The sky is blue and the air is fresh. On arriving, we saw red ripe peaches hanging on the tree. Using baskets and ladders, we first picked the ones that were most beautiful in color. I couldn’t wait to take a bite, and the sweet juice went down my throat.
I was grateful for this opportunity to get close to nature. Not only would I be able to experience fruit picking, but I could also feast on the sweetness!
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。上周末，学校组织同学们去开心农场进行采摘活动，以My Weekend为题写一篇活动报道，向校刊投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
靠近：get close to→approach
机会：opportunity→chance
漂亮的：beautiful→pretty
感谢的：grateful→thankful
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：The farm is situated at the foot of a mountain. The sky is blue and the air is fresh.
拓展句：The farm is situated at the foot of a mountain, where the sky is blue and the air is fresh.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Organized by our school, all the teachers and students of senior one went to Happy Farm to help the farmers pick peaches last weekend. (运用了过去分词作状语)
[高分句型2] Not only would I be able to experience fruit picking, but I could also feast on the sweetness! (运用了部分倒装)
第二节（满分25分）
77. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One day a cat appeared at our back door. My four-year-old brother Daniel and I were both surprised and quickly fell in love with the cat. All that afternoon, the three of us played together. In the evening, we begged our parents to let our new friend come inside. But Mom said, “This cat looks too clean and healthy to be homeless. He must have a home already. ”
However, the next day, the cat was still there. ”Yeah!” said Daniel. “He wants to be our cat!” It did seem so. He hung around here all day, playing with Daniel and me outside. That day, our parents decided to find his owner. They made “cat-found” leaflets (传单), with the cat’s picture and our phone number. We put up the leaflets around the neighborhood. The third day, I named him Alley, and our parents let us put some food out for him. The fourth day, to our excitement, our parents allowed us to bring him inside. Alley enjoyed staying with us.
Two weeks later, to our disappointment, a man appeared at our door holding our leaflet, Alley walked over to him and rubbed (摩擦) himself against the man’s leg. “I’m Johnson,” he announced, picking Alley up. “I see you’ve met my only roommate. He wandered away when I was out of town. Can I offer you some money for watching him ”
“No,” Dad said. “It was a pleasure to have him as our guest.” At the door, Mr. Johnson turned back and faced us kids. Seeing our tears, he said, “I’m sorry. I didn’t realize you kids had been good friends with my cat. I only live a few blocks away. If you two would like to visit my cat.” Daniel just ran away, crying. Mr. Johnson left his phone number and went away. Over his shoulder was Alley. Alley’s unreadable green eyes looked back at me all the way down the walk. For days, we missed Alley.
Then one day, I heard Daniel in our yard shouting, “Alley is back alone! He somehow has found his way here.” I was amazed.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
I hurried outside to the yard, followed by my dad.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When Dad opened the door, I said to Mr. Johnson, “I think he wants to live with us.”
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
I hurried outside to the yard, followed by my dad. Sure enough, Alley was there. My heart was wild with excitement. Then Dad said, “He can’t stay. He’s not ours.” Daniel and I both looked at him, holding back our tears. Later Dad called Mr. Johnson, asking him to pick Alley up. For the rest of the day, we played with him. Alley loved our company. When Mr. Johnson arrived at 8:00 pm, I had made a decision.
When Dad opened the door, I said to Mr. Johnson, “I think he wants to live with us.” “Sarah ...” Dad cut in. But Mr. Johnson nodded at me. He bent down, saying, “You’re right.” He put down a small box, in which were the cat’s toys and cat food. He added, “I just came by to bring you these.” He petted Alley and waved goodbye to his loved cat. It wasn’t long before Alley became a respected member of our family. It seemed that Mr. Johnson, I and also Alley had all made the right decision.
【解析】
【导语】本文以时间为线索展开。“我”和弟弟丹尼尔遇到了一只小猫，“我”们和它相处得非常愉快，但是这只小猫却是有主人的，在被主人接走后不久，这只小猫又自己回到了“我”家，“我”鼓起勇气请求小猫的主人把它留了下来。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我急忙跑到外面院子里，爸爸跟在后面。”可知，第一段可描写尽管孩子们很不舍，爸爸还是给约翰逊先生打了电话让他来接猫。
②由第二段首句内容“爸爸打开门后，我对约翰逊先生说：‘我想他想和我们住在一起。’”可知，第二段可描写约翰逊先生同意让小猫住在“我”家。
2.续写线索：打电话——玩耍——到来——请求——同意
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.要求：ask/require
②.插嘴：cut in/break in
③.想要做某事：want to do/feel like doing/would like to do
情绪类
①.喜爱：love/enjoy
【点睛】[高分句型1] He put down a small box, in which were the cat’s toys and cat food. (运用了“介词+which”引导的非限制性定语从句和完全倒装结构)
[高分句型2] Daniel and I both looked at him, holding back our tears. (运用了现在分词作状语)

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