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新川中学 2023 学年度第一学期期中考试
高二英语试卷
lI. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and
grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of
the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Swimmers enjoy cold swims
Many people enjoy swimming in icy cold water. An open-air swimming pool, (21)
_______(know) as a lido, in Bedfordshire, England, proved very popular this winter. The Woburn
Lido is usually open from May to September, but this year it stayed open to swimmers throughout
the autumn and winter months too.
(22) _______ the lockdown for England was announced on 4 January, outdoor pools were
allowed to remain open. “Demand has taken us by surprise," said Murray Heining, a volunteer at
the Woburn Lido. Over Christmas and New Year, the lido had to offer extra openings to keep up
with the demand from swimmers.
Cold-water swimming (23) _______(grow) in popularity in the UK over the past few years.
A survey found that 7.5million people in England had swum in outdoor pools, as well as lakes,
rivers and the sea, in 2018. In some areas, such as the river Wharfe in Yorkshire, this new trend
has made environmental groups think more about (24) _______ the water is cleared of pollution
and clean enough for bathers.
Some people make it a regular practice; (25) _______ just enjoy a refreshing dip on
Christmas Day, Boxing Day or New Year's Day. Every year around the UK, people (26)
_______(photograph) plunging into icy water, often in fancy dress, and the recent festive period
was no exception, (27) _______ freezing temperatures.
The Outdoor Swimming Society classifies temperatures below 6°C as “Baltic” and from
6-11℃ as "freezing". They advise people to get in the water gradually, so as (28) _______(not
shock) the body. Likewise, they recommend warming up gradually, and not (29) _______(rush)
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the process by leaping into a hot bath when you get out. Instead, they suggest layering up and
drinking something warm.
lt wasn't just the water that was cold —many people experienced a white Christmas; snow
fell in several counties including Yorkshire and Suffolk. Paul Davies, the UK Met Office's chief
meteorologist, a scientist (30) _______ job is to study the weather, said the forecast indicates “the
likelihood of the cold conditions experienced recently continuing through January".
Section B
Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can
only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. content B. overextend C. develop D. innovate E. pursued
F. top G. surface H. addiction I. emerge J. cloud
K. licensed
On TikTok, “Self-care” has 28.2 billion views, while thehashtag(主题标签) can be found on over
66 million Instagram posts. Also, books about self-care often 31many people’s shopping lists.
On the 32 , it makes complete sense. Who wouldn’t like the idea of making oneself feel better
and taking care of their mind, body and soul Yet, we have to be careful not to view self-care
as a cure-all solution to our problems. Self-care 33without awareness of your specific needs
andconsistent( 一 致 的 ) evaluation can cause emotional, financial, mental and physical
consequences.
According to Zishan Khan, a psychologist with Mindpath Health, self-care can lead to a person
becoming frustrated when met with a sea of suggestions, which 34 everywhere from podcasts
to self-help books. “So, don’t allow what others suggest to 35 your internal voice,” says
Khan. “Self-care can only benefit a person if it’s consistent with their goals and values.”
Khan further emphasizes the danger of uncontrolled physically-centered self-care advice, such as
from influencers. “Their 36often overly focuses on beauty and improving one’s looks. This can
unintentionally lead to body image concern and thus actually worsen one’s mental health,” she
says.
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Another danger can come when self-care actions reach the level of 37 , says Melissa Boudin, a
psychologist of Choosing Therapy. “When you spend a large amount of time thinking about or
practicing a certain self-care behavior, this may be that self-care has gone from beneficial to
harmful,” she says, using the example of self-care through healthy eating and then going so far as
to 38an eating disorder.
Lena Suarez-Angelino, a(n) 39 clinical social worker, has recommended creating a list
of activities that make you feel better but don’t 40 you. Worthwhile and beneficial self-care
may include anything from time with loved ones to walking. While self-care is important, it
should not be overdone.
III. Reading Comprehension (45’)
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B
C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
A New York state agency had just brought on a technician in its IT department to help update
some of its aging computer systems. During the interview process, the candidate seemed like
a(n)_________ fit. He would be a real help to the team, the hiring manager had assured everyone.
But by the end of the new guy’s first day on the job, it was clear something was wrong. He
had_________ technical literacy. He couldn’t even take directions. The hiring manager was
confused: How could someone who seemed like such a strong candidate during the interview
process turn out to be so_________ At the end of her rope, the hiring manager turned to her
supervisor for help. After listening to the situation, the supervisor gave an unexpected answer: The
person who showed up to the job_________ wasn’t the person who had been interviewed.
Job interviews are a crucial part of any organization, from government agencies to modern
startups, when personal_________ can allow candidates to convey their value better than they do
on a resume ( 简 历 ). But there’s a growing wave of candidates who are quietly trying
to_________ the system. According to a research, an increasing number of candidates are
employing stand-ins to do the interviews and_________ the job for them. The scheme goes by an
interesting name: bait ( 诱 饵 ) and switch. Bait-and-switch interviews appear
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particularly_________ in IT fields. With more and more tech companies conducting job
interviews through video chat and hiring employees who are permitted to work remotely. It’s
easier than ever to pull off a bait and switch.
It’s impossible to__________the number of bait-and-switch interviews that are taking place.
Companies and recruiters( 招 聘 者 ) are often embarrassed to admit when they’ve
been____________. Even when bait and switchers get caught, companies are
sometimes__________ to accuse them. So there is no way of knowing the scale of the problem.
Chris Mitchell, the senior vice president at the staffing firm Planet Technology, said unqualified
hires were a tremendous_________once they gained access to critical user data that could be
mishandled. Organizations can have their reputation ruined,________can have their data stolen,
and unwitting(不 知 情 的) coworkers are forced to clean up the mess.
Anyway, bait-and-switch interviews are a big problem — especially for a company that
desperately____________ capable talent. With no end in sight, employers are advised to keep an
eye out for all their applicants and make sure that their interview process is enough
to____________ unqualified applicants from qualified ones.
1.
A．poor B．loose C．ideal D．major
2.
A．equal B．little C．basic D．adult
3.
A．disrespectful B．miserable C．impatient D．incompetent
4.
A．literally B．rigidly C．fortunately D．conventionally
5.
A．correspondences B．interactions C．dedications D．boundaries
6.
A．adopt B．stabilize C．cheat D．tackle
7.
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A．secure B．abandon C．exploit D．clarify
8.
A．contradictory B．flexible C．identical D．widespread
9.
A．advocate B．quantify C．divide D．maximize
10.
A．diversified B．isolated C．tricked D．liberated
11.
A．eager B．innocent C．decent D．reluctant
12.
A．help B．leap C．risk D．experience
13.
A．applicants B．customers C．supervisors D．inspectors
14.
A．holds up B．calls for C．sets about D．takes over
15.
A．discriminate B．remove C．distract D．shift
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or
unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B,C and D. Choose the
one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
（A）
When officials from Brazil’s Indigenous (原住民) protection agency approached the hut in
the middle of the Amazon rainforest, their fears were confirmed: They were witnessing the first
recorded dying out of an uncontacted tribe in the country’s history.
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The man lying there, the last member of his tribe, had died, and with him an entire culture
and answers to a thousand questions.
Even his name was a mystery. He was known only as “the Man of the Hole” because of the
dozens of holes he had dug over the years in his territory. His age, too, could only be guessed at.
He appeared to be about 60, officials said.
It was a sad milestone for a country that in recent years has seen protections for Indigenous
groups undermined by an administration that has prioritized development of the Amazon over
conservation.
In Rond nia, the only resident of the 8,000-hectare (公顷) area lived in complete isolation
for at least 26 years after the rest of his group was killed by ranchers (农场主 ) advancing the
agricultural frontier.
Brazil’s Indigenous protection agency, Funai made direct contact with the last surviving man
only in 1996. Marcelo dos Santos, an Indigenous expert, who led the Funai exploit that met the
man, said he was found hiding in his hut. “We tried to establish a conversation and offered corn
and arrows, but he was terrified and very aggressive. From this moment on, we had to respect his
isolation.”
Even with protections in place, the territory suffered widespread deforestation up until about
13 years ago. Attacks on the last surviving man continued, as well, including one by armed
gunmen in 2009, according to local news reports.
“For me, he was somehow a miracle: to be able to survive on his own, not speak to anybody
and avoid all contact maybe out of grief or determination,” said Fiona Watson, a research director
at Survival International, a London-based rights organization.
1. The death of “the Man of the Hole” __________.
A．was hidden from the public by ranchers
B．symbolized the disappearance of a tribe
C．revealed his name, age and family background
D．was broadcast live by Brazil’s Indigenous protection agency
2. The underlined word “undermined” (paragraph 4) is closest in meaning to “__________”.
A．afforded B．monitored C．sought D．weakened
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3. In 1996, “the Man of the Hole” __________.
A．made his last contact with the outside world
B．witnessed the most severe deforestation in history
C．escaped being shot by a group of aggressive gunmen
D．learned more survival skills with arrows offered by Funai
4. What does Fiona Watson regard “the Man of the Hole” as
A．An image of fear and isolation.
B．An image of culture and mystery.
C．A symbol of resistance and strength.
D．A symbol of history and struggle.
（B）
Far below every town and city lies an invisible network of pipes crucial to the lives of their
residents. Once water disappears down a pipe or toilet, people rarely think about what happens to
it. It’s out of sight, out of mind. The water flows into pipes that carry excess rainwater, wastewater
and solid waste away, keeping the city clean.
There are three main types of sewers (下水道): sanitary (卫生的) sewers, storm sewers and
combined sewers. Taipei has both sanitary and storm sewers where rainwater and sewage are
collected using different pipes.
This sewer system functions as a city’s veins (静脉). Water containing human and industrial
waste is collected in sanitary sewers and conveyed to sewage treatment plants, the heart of the
sewer system, where waste is treated. There, the solid waste is separated from the water, which is
then cleaned before being released back into the environment. It will be reused for industrial,
agricultural or environmental purposes or to produce energy. Furthermore, the mud and gas from
sewage treatment can be used to produce energy. They not only contribute to a healthy
environment and good quality of life, but also achieve the goal of sustainable development.
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While wastewater collection and treatment are critical to the health of urban residents, storm
sewers also play an important role in the city. Green space has given way to concrete during the
island’s rapid development and extensive building projects over the past few decades. As a
consequence, there has been a loss of the land’s natural water as concrete cannot absorb rainwater.
When an extreme weather event like a severe storm or typhoon brings heavy rain, storm sewers
must cope with the water, so it does not flood the city. However, storm sewers are only part of the
measures for water management and flood prevention.
To reduce flooding, an integrated urban drainage management plan has been adopted, where
all the factors-storm sewers, land planning and economic development-are considered together.
Engineering innovations, additional flood discharge facilities and increased green space
requirements in new development projects have improved water maintaining in cities.
Who knew that sewers help improve urban public health, prevent urban flooding and boost
environmental protection Together they protect vital water resources and maintain the safety of
people and property.
1. According to the passage, the word “excess” in the first paragraph probably means______.
A．useless B．polluted C．extra D．processed
2. According to the passage, what does the city build two kinds of sewers for
A．To test wastewater timely and to develop rapidly.
B．To treat wastewater and to fight against flooding.
C．To form a circulation and to clean the city.
D．To clean wastewater and to manage water.
3. What can we conclude from the passage
A．What is unseen is as important as what is seen.
B．There are three types of sewers in every city.
C．People build sewer system because of concrete.
D．Sewers are usually repaired every few decades.
4. What would be the proper title for the passage
A．A City’s Underground Construction
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B．A City’s Hidden Network
C．How A City Operates Well
D．Two Aspects of A City or Town
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the
box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Shanghai Regulation to Help Boost AI
Shanghai’s decision to boost the development of the artificial intelligence industry will
promote the city’s digital transformation and its efforts to build itself into an international AI
highland, experts said in an interview.
The city passed a regulation on boosting AI just months ago, marking the first such effort in
China at the provincial level. 1
“This regulation emphasizes industry innovation and guidance for future development,” said
Yan Rui, director of legal affairs in the Standing Committee of the Shanghai Municipal People’s
Congress, at a recent media briefing. “ 2 It will also strongly support the digital
transformation of Shanghai, and assist creation of an AI highland with global influence.” Yan
said.
One highlight of the AI regulation is that the municipal departments concerned could draw up
lists of minor violations during the development of the AI industry which would not receive
administrative punishment. “ 3 It is the same case with AI. Therefore, it is an international
agreement to allow for minor errors during the research and development process,” said Weng
Guanxi, a lawyer at a Shanghai-based law firm. The regulation gives a clear definition of AI and
the AI industry and encourages innovative activities in the field by people, enterprises and
organizations.
4 In 2021, the combined output value of AI enterprises above a designated size, or with
an annual revenue of 20 million yuan ($16.85 million) or above, reached 305 billion yuan, 2.28
times that of 2018, according to China Securities Journal. The number of talented professionals
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working in the AI field in Shanghai has soared from 100,000 in 2018 to 230,000 in 2021, said a
Xinhua News Agency report.
A．The AI industry worldwide is undergoing orderly transformation.
B．The regulation came into effect on October 1, just as planned.
C．Shanghai’s AI industry scale has expanded dramatically in the past few years.
D．Government and the related division’s responsibilities are all within the framework of established
laws and regulations.
E．The regulation on AI intends to facilitate various stimulations for the high-quality development of
the AI industry.
F ． The core of scientific research is that it is a process of constantly making mistakes and
distinguishing right from wrong.
IV. Summary Writing: (10’)
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points) of the
passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Gardening can have many positive effects on your physical and mental health. Whether
you’re growing fruit and veggies, flowers or succulents, getting your green thumb on can have a
surprising number of health benefits for you and your family.
Depending on the size of your garden, maintaining it can be a great way to be physically
active. This could be as tough as mowing the lawn, or as gentle as getting a good stretch and
practice stabilizing yourself while kneeling, sitting or reaching. In fact, gardening is a
recommended activity as it can encourage the use of many motor skills, improve endurance and
strength and keep you moving.
These days, we can buy pretty much any fruit and vegetable we want from the supermarket,
at any time of year. But gardening enables us to eat seasonally, which has important benefits for
our bodies. For example, asparagus and apricots grow in spring and summer, while Brussels
grouts get going in winter. Eating seasonally can keep healthy eating exciting by encouraging you
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to try new recipes using in-season produce. You will also get a wider variety of different coloured
produce, providing nutritious vitamins and minerals in your diet throughout the year as the
produce you eat changes with the seasons.
Gardening is also a great way to relax, providing opportunities to still the mind and get away
from the busyness of everyday life. There is even evidence to suggest that gardening can help ease
symptoms of mental illnesses like depression and anxiety. Whether you’re gardening by yourself,
or getting the whole family involved, it’s a great way to spend some time outdoors, away from
screens and to-do lists, and engage with nature. From repetitive tasks like weeding that provide
opportunity for meditation, to practising patience while waiting for plants to grow, gardening is a
great exercise for your mind as well as your body.
_______________________________________________________________________________
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V. Translation: (3+3+4+5=15’)
Directions: Translate the following sentence into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1.电影保留了小说的所有特点。(preserve)
The film has preserved all the qualities of the novel.
2.与传统广告宣传运动相比，隐形营销是一种促进销售的有效方式。(compare)
3.毋庸置疑，你最后能当选学生会主席和你的学习成绩无关。（difference)
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4.随着传统变得商业化了，人们喜欢互相赠送礼物无论他们的文化和传统是什么。
（commercialize, no matter)
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