资源简介

(共45张PPT)
B1U4 Reading Comprehension
课文逐句理解+知识点拓展
The night the earth didn’t sleep
第一段：Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern Hebei. For several days the water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell. There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls.At least one well had some smelly gas coming out of it. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat and dogs refused to go inside buildings. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide and fish jumped out of the water. At about 3:00 a.m. on 28 July 1976, bright lights were seen in the sky outside the city of Tangshan and loud noises were heard.But the city's one million people were asleep as usual that night.
Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern Hebei.
课文逐句理解+知识点拓展
语言积累：
in the countryside 在乡下
northeastern [ n :θ'i:st n]adj. （在）东北的；向东北的
在河北东北的农村地区发生了一些奇怪的事情。
For several days, the water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell.
连续数日，村子水井里的水涨涨落落，涨涨落落。
课文逐句理解+知识点拓展
well adv. 好，出色地 Well done!干得好！
adj. 健康的 May you get well soon!愿你早日康复！(应用文)
int. （语气词）嗯；不过；好了；那么；算了
n. 井；楼梯井
v. 涌出 Tears welled up in her eyes.她热泪盈眶（续写佳句）
rise --rose-risen-rising 上升；提高
rose 玫瑰 rosy adj. 粉红色的/红润的/愉快的/美好的/乐观的
May you have a rosy future.愿你前程似锦。(应用文)
There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls.
井壁上出现了很深的裂缝。
课文逐句理解+知识点拓展
语法精讲：that 引导的是 什么从句？ 为什么用that引导？
解析： that 引导的是定语从句
依据：that 从句位于名词cracks后,起修饰限定的作用,故为定从
引导词用that的原因：cracks(_____ ) appeared in the well walls.
从句缺主语--指代cracks，指物---因此可用that/which来引导
At least one well had some smelly gas coming out of it.
至少有一口井里有一些恶臭的气体传出来。
课文逐句理解+知识点拓展
语言积累1：
at least 至少 little-less-least
at most 至多 many-more-most
语言积累2：
smelly [ smeli] adj. 难闻的
smell v. 闻到；察觉到n. 臭味；嗅觉 smell--smelt-smelt-smelling
Dinner smells good.饭菜闻起来很香。（续写佳句）
Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat and dogs refused to go inside buildings.
鸡甚至猪都太紧张了而吃不下东西，狗也拒绝进入建筑物。
课文逐句理解+知识点拓展
知识点积累：
refuse [r fju z , refju s] v. 拒绝；回绝
refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事
refusal [r fju zl] n. 拒绝；
a flat refusal 一个断然的拒绝
He gave me a flat refusal.他断然拒绝了我。（续写）
Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide and fish jumped out of the water.
老鼠跑出田野，寻找藏身的地方，鱼跳出了水面。
课文逐句理解+知识点拓展
语言积累：
field [fi ld] n. 田地；运动场；战场；领域
At about 3:00 a.m. on 28 July 1976, bright lights were seen in the sky outside the city of Tangshan and loud noises were heard.
1976年7月28日凌晨3时左右，在唐山市外的天空中看到亮光，并听到巨大的噪音。
But the city's one million people were asleep as usual that night.
但那天晚上，城里的100万人像往常一样睡觉。
课文逐句理解+知识点拓展
语言积累：
as usual 像往常一样
usual adj. 通常的，常见的；平常的，普通的；平时的；
unusual adj. 特别的，不寻常的；独特的，别致的
第二段：At 3:42 a.m., everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end! Eleven kilometers directly below the city, one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometers away in Beijing.Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it! A huge crack, eight kilometres long and30 metres wide, cut across houses,roads, and waterways. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt.In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins. Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured.Thousands of children were left without parents. The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000
At 3:42 a.m., everything began to shake.
凌晨3点42分，一切都开始摇晃起来。
课文逐句理解+知识点拓展
知识点积累：
begin to do 开始做某事
shake [ e k] v. 摇动；动摇；颤抖 shake-shook-shaken
n. 摇动；抖动；颤抖；奶昔
eg:
She shook her head in disbelief.她难以置信地摇了摇头。(续写)
He was shaking with fear.他吓得发抖（续写佳句）
It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!
看起来似乎世界末日就要来临了。
课文逐句理解+知识点拓展
语法精讲：
as if 后引导的从句，如果描述的事件是真实的，就用陈述语气
It seems as if you are really interested in Chinese culture.(真实情况，用陈述语气)
as if 后引导的从句，如果描述的是不太可能发生的事情,用虚拟语气。
as if 从句用虚拟语气的三种情况：
1.与现在事实相反,从句谓语用一般过去时(虚拟语气中没有was,只用were）
eg:The captain treats me as if I were his own daughter.
队长对待我好像我是他自己的女儿一样。(与现在事实相反)
2.与过去事实相反，从句谓语用过去完成时
Tom and his new friend talked as though they had been friends for years.(与过去事实相反)
汤姆和他的新朋友说起话来好像他们是多年的朋友一样。
3.与将来事实相反，从句谓语用would/could/might+V原
It seems as if the meeting would never come to an end.
看起来好像会议永不会结束。 (与将来事实相反)
课文逐句理解+知识点拓展
It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!
思考：教材里这句话是陈述语气还是虚拟语气？
解析：因为the world 作主语，在陈述句中，谓语应为was
本句谓语为were,因此可推知此句为虚拟语气。
表明世界并非真的要到末日，是一种夸张的写作手法。
exaggeration [ g z d re n] 夸张
课文逐句理解+知识点拓展
Eleven kilometers directly below the city, one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometers away in Beijing.
在城市正下方11公里处，20世纪最致命的地震之一已经开始，这次地震甚至给150多公里外的北京造成了破坏。
课文逐句理解+知识点拓展
语法精讲：
that 引导的是什么从句？为什么用that引导该从句？
语法解析1：quake是名词---that 从句为定语从句
语法解析2：观察a quak___even caused damage more than.....可知
从句缺主语---主语指代先行词quake,为事/物---因此用that/which引导
Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it!
全国近三分之一的人都感受到了!
课文逐句理解+知识点拓展
语法精讲：
1.分数的表达为子基母序（分子用基数词，分母用序数词）
eg: one fifth五分之一 two thirds三分之二 three fifths五分之三
2. 分数词of结构+n作主语,谓语v的单复数取决于该n的单复数
eg:Three fifths of the students like studying geography
eg:Three fifths of the water has been polluted
A huge crack, eight kilometres long and 30 metres wide, cut across houses,roads, and waterways.
一条长8公里、有30米宽的巨大裂缝横跨房屋、道路和水道。
课文逐句理解+知识点拓展
long adv. 长时间地；很久地；（多）长（时间）
eg：我认识她很长时间了 I have known her long
long adj. 长的；长期的；长音的
eg:我累了。这一天可真够长的I'm worn out. It's been a long day.
long v. 渴望 long to do sth 渴望做某事 long for sth渴望得到某事物
eg:我渴望再次见到你 I long to see you again.
eg:我渴望自由 I long for freedom
long adj 长的--length n.长度--lengthen v.加长
eg:练太极可以延年益寿(应用文-介绍传统文化元素之太极)
Practicing Tai chi can lengthen people’s lives.
wide adj 宽的--width n.宽度--widen v.加宽；拓宽
eg:Books can enrich our imagination and widen our outlook.
书籍可以丰富我们的想象力，拓宽我们的视野。(话题作文：Reading)
high adj 高的--height n.高度--heighten v.加强，提高，增加
eg:To heighten students’ awareness of safety, a lecture will be held in our school hall this friday at 3:00 p.m.(应用文--通知Notice)
为了增强学生的安全意识,一个讲座将于本周五在我们学校大礼堂举行
“长 宽 高”的词形变化及使用
Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins.
坚硬的岩石山变成了肮脏的河流。不到一分钟,一座大城市变成了废墟。
课文逐句理解+知识点拓展
基础知识：
ruin n.毁坏；废墟
eg:He was determined to build a new life out of the ruins of his career.
他决心从事业失败中爬起来，重新开始新的生活。
ruin v.毁坏
eg:恶劣天气毁掉了我们的旅行。
The bad weather ruined our trip.
Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured.
居住在那里的人有三分之二死亡或受伤。
课文逐句理解+知识点拓展
语法精讲：
who 引导的是什么从句？为什么用who引导？
解析1：从句who lived there位于n之后---是定语从句
解析2：people ( __ lived there )
从句缺主语--且主语指代先行词people,指人--用who引导
定语从句练习题
She is a girl who is beautiful.
She, who is our headteacher , is Miss He
The people who I met yesterday want to buy the house.
Houses which is next to the lake is expensive.
His best movie, which wins several awards, is about wildlife.
n后-定从--从句缺主/宾--指人--用who
n后-定从--从句缺主/宾--指事物--用which
非限制性定语从句，不能用that
Thousands of children were left without parents.
成千上万的孩子失去了父母。
课文逐句理解+知识点拓展
The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000.
地震中死亡或重伤的人数超过40万
课文逐句理解+知识点拓展
语法精讲：
who 引导的是什么从句？为什么用who引导？
解析1：从句位于n之后---是定语从句
解析2：people ( __ were killed..... )
从句缺主语--且主语指代先行词people,指人--用who引导
基础知识:the number of +n作主语,表示“...的数量”，谓语动词用单数
a number of+ns作主语，表示“大量的...”谓语动词用复数
第三段：Everywhere survivors looked,there was nothing but ruins. Nearly everything in the city was destroyed.About 75 percent of the city's factories and buildings, 90 percent of its homes and all of its hospitals were gone. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves,but no wind could blow them away. Most bridges had fallen or were not safe to cross.The railway tracks were now useless pieces of metal. Tens of thousands of cows hundreds of thousands of pigs and millions of chickens were dead. Sand now filled the wells instead of water .People were in shock-and then. later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again.Even more buildings fell down. Water, food, and electricity were hard to get. People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.
Everywhere survivors looked,there was nothing but ruins.
幸存者们向四周看看，除了废墟什么也没有。
课文逐句理解+知识点拓展
语法精讲1：
everywhere作连词，意为“无论哪里”，引导状语从句
[仿写] 无论走到哪里，她都受到热烈欢迎。
Everywhere she goes，she receives a warm welcome.
语法精讲2：
nothing but=only 仅仅
eg:Nothing but a miracle can save her now. 只有奇迹才能救她。
Nearly everything in the city was destroyed.About 75 percent of the city's factories and buildings, 90 percent of its homes and all of its hospitals were gone.
这座城市几乎所有的东西都被摧毁了。该市约75%的工厂和建筑、90%的住宅和所有的医院都消失了。
课文逐句理解+知识点拓展
知识点讲解：
gone adj.用完的,用光的;死了的,灭绝的;离去的,不在某处的;不复存在的；
eg:Unfortunately, those days are gone forever.
遗憾的是，那些日子一去不复返了。
Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves,but no wind could blow them away.
砖块像红色的秋叶一样覆盖着地面，但没有风可以把它们吹走。
课文逐句理解+知识点拓展
语言积累：like多层意思知多少？
prep. 像,好比;大约 He's very like his father. 他很像他的父亲
like v.喜欢,想要At weekends I like to sleep late. 周末我爱睡懒觉。
conj.像,如同It didn't turn out like I intended. 这结果与我的本意相悖。
n.爱好We all have different likes and dislikes . 我们各有不同的好恶。
adj.相似的It’s hard to meet people of like mind很难遇见志趣相投的人
adv.大概,可能,像It was, like, weird. 这事儿可能是有点怪。
Most bridges had fallen or were not safe to cross.
大多数桥梁已经垮塌或无法安全通过。
课文逐句理解+知识点拓展
词汇精讲：bridge n.桥梁；纽带 v.在…上架桥
bridge the gap between A and B 消除A和B的隔阂; 将A和B结合起来
The artist bridged the gap between eastern and western culture.
这位艺术家 将东西方文化结合了起来。
句式学习：主语 be adj to do 主语是...去做某事的
我很容易相处 I am easy to get along with
这些问题难以解决 These problems are difficult to solve
The railway tracks were now useless pieces of metal.
铁轨现在成了无用的金属碎片。
Tens of thousands of cows hundreds of thousands of pigs and millions of chickens were dead.
数以万计的牛、几十万头猪和数百万只鸡都死了。
Sand now filled the wells instead of water
现在井里装满了沙子而不是水。
课文逐句理解+知识点拓展
People were in shock-and then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again.
人们震惊了，然后,当天下午晚些时候，唐山又发生了一次大地震。
课文逐句理解+知识点拓展
shock知识点积累：
1. 处于震惊中：in shock I am in shock.我惊呆了
2.对某事感到震惊：be shocked at sth
I am shocked at the beautiful view of Mount Tai 我被泰山的美景震撼到了
3震惊地发现：be shocked to find that...
I am shocked to find that everything is gone.我震惊的发现一切都消失了
4.令某人震惊的是：to one’s shock
To my shock,the athlete didn’t win a gold medal
使我震惊的是，这位运动员没有获得金牌。
课文逐句理解+知识点拓展
Even more buildings fell down.
甚至更多的建筑物倒塌了
fall 短语大集合
fall about laughing笑得前仰后合
We all fell about laughing.
fall apart 破碎；破裂
My dream fell apart. 我的梦想破裂了
fall behind 落后
She fell behind her competitors.她落在对手的后面
fall in love with sb/sth 爱上某人/物
课文逐句理解+知识点拓展
Water, food, and electricity were hard to get.
水、食品和电是很难得到的句式：主语 be adj to do 主语是...去做某事的
People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.
人们开始想知道这场灾难会持续多久。
词汇学习1：wonder v.想知道
I am wondering whether you'd like to come to the party.
不知您能否来参加聚会(应用文之邀请信)
n.惊讶，惊叹；奇迹；令人惊讶的事物/人
词汇学习2：last v.持续
The exhibition,which will last two hours, will be a feast for the eyes.
这次将持续2小时的展览会是一场视觉盛宴。
第四段：
But hope was not lost .Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150.000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. More than 10,000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.Hundreds of thousands of people were helped. Water and food were brought into the city by train ,truck,and plane. Slowly. the city began to breathe again.
But hope was not lost .
但是希望并没有丧失。（仍有希望）
课文逐句理解+知识点拓展
词汇精讲：
lost adj迷路的/失去的/不知所措的/全神贯注的/输了的
eg:I would be lost without your help. 没有你的帮助，我就会不知所措
eg: He is lost in reading novels.他沉迷于读小说。
lost v.丢失/失去/输掉（lose 的过去式和过去分词形式）
lose-lost-lost
eg:lose your hair/teeth 脱发；掉牙
Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150.000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
地震发生后不久,军队派遣了15万士兵到唐山挖出被困的人并埋葬死者。
课文逐句理解+知识点拓展
基础知识积累：
soon after 不久以后 army 军队 dig out 挖出 be trapped 被困 bury 埋葬 the dead 死者
语法知识：....to dig out those who were trapped......
who引导的是定语从句
依据：名词或代词后起修饰限定作用的从句是定语从句。
More than 10,000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care.
超过1万名医生和护士前来提供医疗服务
课文逐句理解+知识点拓展
知识拓展：
more than + 数词 表示“超过”
more than +名词 表示“不仅仅”
She is more our English teacher她不仅仅是我们的英语老师。
more than +adj 表示“非常”
I am more than delighted to invite you to participate in a lecture.
我非常高兴地邀请你参加一个讲座。（应用文--邀请信高分句）
课文逐句理解+知识点拓展
Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
工人们为房屋被毁的幸存者建造了避难所。
语法学习：survivors whose homes had been destroyed
whose引导的是定语从句
依据：位于名词后，起修饰限定的作用的是定语从句。
思考：为什么用whose引导从句？
解析：survivors (_____) homes had been destroyed
先行词 主语 谓语 （被动语态不需宾语）
定语从句不缺主语/宾语--缺定语，意为“...的”,
从句与先行词是所属关系,用whose
语法练习：
The lecture (whose theme is Reading) will be of great benefit to us.
这个主题为“阅读”的讲座将对我们大有裨益。
解析：从句位于名词后，起修饰限定的作用，是定语从句
定语从句--缺定语（从句与先行词是所属关系）--用whose引导
It's the house whose door is painted red.
这就是那所门涂成红色的房
课文逐句理解+知识点拓展
Hundreds of thousands of people were helped.
成千上万的人得到了帮助.(be done 是谓语形式的被动)
Water and food were brought into the city by train ,truck,and plane.
水和食物由火车、卡车和飞机运入城市。
Slowly, the city began to breathe again.
慢慢地，这个城市开始再次呼吸。（恢复生机）
课文逐句理解+知识点拓展
第五段：
Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet. With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city's people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins.The new city has become a home to more than seven million people, with great improvements in transportation,industry, and environment. Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future
Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet.
唐山开始自我复苏，重新站起来。
课文逐句理解+知识点拓展
词汇拓展：
revive v.（使）复原，（使）复苏
随着春天的到来，万物复苏了。
With the advent of spring, everything begins to revive
n.revival 复苏 economic revival经济复苏
With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city's people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins.
在政府的大力支持和全市人民的不懈努力下，一个新的唐山在地震废墟上建成了。
课文逐句理解+知识点拓展
语言积累：
strong effort 大力的支持
tireless efforts 不懈的努力
The new city has become a home to more than seven million people, with great improvements in transportation,industry, and environment.
这座新城已经成为700多万人的家园，交通、工业和环境都有了很大的改善。
课文逐句理解+知识点拓展
词汇积累：
improvement / m pru vm nt/ 改善；进步
transportation / tr nsp te n/ 交通
industry / nd stri/ 工业
environment / n va r nm nt/ 环境
Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
唐山市已经向中国和世界证明，在灾难面前，人们必须团结起来，展现出保持积极和重建光明未来的智慧
课文逐句理解+知识点拓展
语言积累：
prove to sb that 向某人证明..... in times of disaster 在灾难时期
unify v.团结 unified 团结的 wisdom n.智慧
stay positive保持积极 rebuild 重建
a bright future一个光明的未来
That’s all!
Thank you!

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