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2024高考英语语法填空加快解题的速度-熟悉解题思路熟悉核心词汇
The Grand Canal is the longest and (36) __________ (old) canal in the world. It forms a vast inland waterway system in China, running from the capital Beijing in the north (37) __________ Zhejiang Province in the south.
(38) __________ (construct) in sections from the 5th century BCE and completed and maintained by several (39) __________ (dynasty), it formed the backbone of China’s inland communications system, which enabled the supply of rice (40) __________ (feed) the population. The Grand Canal reached a new peak in the 13th century, providing an inland shipping network consisting of more than 2,000 km of artificial waterways, (41) __________ linked five of the most important river basins in China, including the Huanghe River and the Changjiang River. Still (42) __________ major means of internal communication today, it (43) __________ (play) an important role in ensuring the prosperity (繁荣) and stability of China over the ages.
The Grand Canal bears witness to a remarkable and early development of hydraulic engineering (水利工程). It is an essential technological achievement (44) __________ (date) from before the Industrial Revolution. It is a perfect example of dealing with difficult natural conditions, as is reflected in the many constructions that are (45) __________ (full) adapted to the diversity and complexity of circumstances. It best demonstrates the technical capabilities of Eastern civilizations.
空格提示词如下：
old 形容词 老的、旧的construct 动词 建造dynasty 名词 朝代feed 动词 喂养play 动词 玩、扮演、演奏、播放；名词 戏剧date 动词 确定日期、约会；名词 日期 约会full 形容词 完全的 充满的
1. The Grand Canal is the longest and (36) __________ (old) canal in the world.
解题思路：and并列两个形容词最高级，直接判断答案oldest。形容词最高级需要有范围，in the world就是这里的范围。
2. It forms a vast inland waterway system in China, running from the capital Beijing in the north (37) __________ Zhejiang Province in the south.
解题思路：虽然空格前面的“Beijing in the north”和后面的“Zhejiang Province in the south”看起来非常像并列关系，但是注意到前面的from立刻打消填and的念头，转向重点介词短语结构“from A to B 从A到B”，答案必然是to。这已经是第三次在题目里遇到这个结构了。
3. (38) __________ (construct) in sections from the 5th century BCE and completed and maintained by several (39) __________ (dynasty), it formed the backbone of China’s inland communications system, which enabled the supply of rice (40) __________ (feed) the population.
解题思路：38题提示词是动词construct，动词出现在句首，基本可以直接判断非谓语，因为谓语出现在句首的情况只有祈使句，而祈使句的谓语必然是原形动词do，与语法填空“勿照抄原词”的要求矛盾。construct后面没有名词，所以判断为被动，这里既没有目的预期，也没有生动形象，答案一定为Constructed，注意句首大写。
你还会看到并列关系and后面出现completed and maintained，与句首的constructed并列。别忘了在句中看到-ed形式，如果主动一定是谓语，如果被动一定是非谓语。后面的by介词短语提示completed和maintained一定是被动，那么这两个一定是非谓语，与之并列的constructed也必然是非谓语。
39题毫无难度，给出提示词dynasty，除了复数dynasties没有任何其它可能性，注意辅音字母加y的名词变复数“去掉y改成i再加es”的规则。前面的“several 许多的”也是名词复数的提示。
40题所在的位置是which从句里，已经出现了谓语enabled，那么feed一定需要非谓语。结合核心词汇enable的常见用法“enable … to do sth 让……能做某事”，答案可以迅速判断to feed。
三道题在一个句子里的情况比较少见，必然要求你对句子的整体结构有清晰的把握。句子的完整结构拆分如下：
Constructed in sections from the 5th century BCE and completed and maintained by several dynasties从公元5世纪开始部分建造，由若干个朝代完工并维护（非谓语补充）
it formed the backbone of China’s inland communications system它形成了中国内陆交通系统的支柱（句子主干）
which enabled the supply of rice to feed the population这使得大米的供给能够养活所有人口（从句补充）
4. The Grand Canal reached a new peak in the 13th century, providing an inland shipping network consisting of more than 2,000 km of artificial waterways, (41) __________ linked five of the most important river basins in China, including the Huanghe River and the Changjiang River.
解题思路：41题作为无提示词的题目，空格后面出现了谓语linked，必然是个不完整的句子。前面的句子那么长，且用逗号与后面的断开，极大概率是完整句，所以这里是“主句完整、从句不完整”的情况。从句缺少事物，空格在逗号后面，所以答案迅速判断which。
你能否只通过“… , (41) __________ linked …”这个局部就能立刻意识到which的可能性呢？这就是解题经验的体现。
5. Still (42) __________ major means of internal communication today, it (43) __________ (play) an important role in ensuring the prosperity (繁荣) and stability of China over the ages.
解题思路：42题建议直接积累短语“a major means 一个主要的方式途径”。“means 方式、途径”作为单复数同形的名词，既可以视作单数，又可以视作复数，注意永远是means，末尾永远有s。这里谈论的话题是京杭大运河，是单数，所以要加冠词a。
有的同学会想到在42题使用介词as，但是as后面也同样要加冠词，才是正确的写法“as a major means 作为一个主要的方式途径”。实际上“still 仍然、还是”的副词用法里已经包含了“as 作为”的语义，所以直接写“still sth 仍然是某物”即可，不需要再出现as了。当然，在37题考查过介词过后，再填介词就是对出题思路缺乏意识了。
使用不定冠词a的原因和之前的若干道题目完全一致：你根本不了解这个“主要的方式途径”。它的“主要”体现在什么地方？和其它的方式途径对比有何优劣？发挥了什么样的作用？读到这里的时候你一无所知，所以必然要使用不确定的a。
43题就没有难度了。句子里目前没有谓语，所以play一定是谓语。句尾的时间短语“over the ages 多年以来”是“过去到现在”的标志，“play an important role 发挥了重要的作用”是主动，主语it是单数，那么答案必然是has played。
6. It is an essential technological achievement (44) __________ (date) from before the Industrial Revolution.
解题思路：44题需要积累核心词汇date的动词常考用法“sth date from some time 某事从某时间开始、某事可以追溯到某时”，一定是主动用法。句子里已经有谓语is了，没有关系词连词，所以这里需要非谓语。“某事开始的时间”肯定是个普遍状态，不是目的预期，答案必定是dating。另外，to do的用法已经在40题考查过了。
7. It is a perfect example of dealing with difficult natural conditions, as is reflected in the many constructions that are (45) __________ (full) adapted to the diversity and complexity of circumstances.
解题思路：提示词给到full只有两种结果——需要形容词最高级使用fullest，需要副词使用fully。空格的位置是在are和adapted之间，明显是描述动作的情况，答案必然是副词fully。注意full同样属于形容词转换副词的特殊词汇，还记得Pratice 2里讲到的“全部真正相当负责的温柔可能简单的不可思议的可怕”吗？

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