2024年初中英语语法二轮专项复习之宾语从句讲义

资源下载
  1. 二一教育资源

2024年初中英语语法二轮专项复习之宾语从句讲义

资源简介

2024年初中英语语法二轮专项复习之宾语从句
一、宾语从句用法归纳
1. 是的,您对宾语从句的描述非常准确。在英语中,宾语从句是一个从句,它作为主从复合句中的宾语出现。通常由连词that和whether (if)以及连接代词或连接副词引导。宾语从句的词序要用陈述句词序,不能用疑问句词序。例如:
That she passed the test is好消息.(她通过了考试是好消息。)
Whether we will go to the party this weekend depends on the weather.(我们周末是否去聚会取决于天气。)
I don't know whether he will come to the meeting.(我不知道他会不会来参加会议。)
2. 在英语中,宾语从句用that引导只起引导词作用,不充当句子成分,也没有词义,且通常可以省略。例如:
She said that she had been to England before.(她说她曾经去过英格兰。)
I know that he is at work now.(我知道他现在在工作。)
3.if和whether引导宾语从句,不充当句子成分,但有词义,表示“是否”。例如:
I wonder if she will come to the party.(我好奇她会不会来参加聚会。)
Whether he will come or not remains to be seen.(他是否会来还有待观察。)
在这些例子中,if和whether都有词义,并且用于引导宾语从句,表示“是否”。
4连接代词是用来引导宾语从句的词语。常见的引导宾语从句的连接代词有 what, who, whom, which, whose等。例如:
What will we do next (我们接下来要做什么?)
Who will be the winner (谁会是赢家?)
What time is it (现在几点了?)
Where did you meet him (你在哪里遇到的他?) -Whose car is this (这是谁的车?)
在这些例子中,what, who, whom, which, whose都是用来引导宾语从句的连接代词。
5.非常正确,连接副词是用来引导宾语从句的词语。常见的引导宾语从句的连接副词有when, how, where, why等。例如:
When did you start learning English (你什么时候开始学习英语的 )
How did you meet your husband (你是怎么认识你的丈夫的 )
Where did you go on vacation last summer (你上个夏天去哪里旅游了 )
Why did you decide to take this job (你为什么决定这份工作 )
在这些例子中,连接副词when, how, where, why都是用来引导宾语从句的,并且此时宾语从句要用陈述句词序,而不用疑问句词序。
6.当宾语从句后跟有宾语补足语时,通常在宾语从句处使用形式宾语it,而将真正的宾语从句移至句末。例如:
It is true that the weather in New York City can be unpredictable.(纽约市的天气确实难以预测。)
It is difficult to decide on a career path.(选择职业道路很困难。)
It is said that the movie will be released next month.(据说这部电影下个月上映。)
在这些例子中,真正的宾语从句已经被移至句末,而使用了形式宾语it代替了它,并且加上了宾语补足语。
7.当动词think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine后接一个表示否定意义的宾语从句时,其否定通常转移到主语。例如:
I don't think he will come to the meeting.(我认为他不会来参加会议。)
I don't believe she is coming tomorrow.(我相信她明天不会来。)
I don't suppose he has finished his work yet.(我想他没有完成工作。)
I don't expect him home anytime soon.(我不认为他很快会回家。)
I can't imagine what he looks like.(我无法想象他长什么样。)
在这些例子中,动词think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine后面接的宾语从句中有表示否定意义的词,但它们在主语处得到了否定转移。
二、注意介词后的宾语从句
注意介词后的宾语从句。例如:
After dinner, we went to the movies.(晚饭后我们去看电影了。)
In the morning, he woke up early and started working on the project.(早上他早早醒来并开始工作在项目上。)
Before I left, I made a phone call to my friend.(在我离开之前我给我朋友打了个电话。)
On Sunday, we went to the park and played some games.(星期天我们去了公园并玩了一些游戏。)
三、如何使用it或that引导宾语从句
使用it或that引导宾语从句时,需要注意以下几点:
it可以用于引导形式宾语从句,其实际含义为“它”,用于代替上文提到的事物。例如:
She gave the book (to) it.(她把这本书给了它。)
He showed me where he lived.(他向我介绍了他的住所。)
I asked her if she would like to go to the movies with it.(我向她询问是否她想和我一起去看电影。)
that可以用于引导宾语从句,其实际含义为“那”,用于代替上文提到的事情或事物。例如:
She gave the book (to) me.(她把这本书给了我。)
He showed me where he lived.(他向我介绍了他的住所。)
I asked her if she would like to go to the movies with me.(我向她询问是否她想和我一起去看电影。)
当it或that作为宾语从句的引导词时,其真正的宾语可以是名词、代词、不定式、动名词、从句等。当it作为形式宾语时,真正的宾语可以是名词、代词、不定式、动名词、从句等。例如:
It is reported that the movie will be released next month.(据说这部电影下个月上映。)
It is said that he will come to the meeting.(据说他明天会来参加会议。)
That he has finished his work is true.(他已经完成他的工作了。)
四、注意宾语从句的否定问题
非常正确,注意宾语从句的否定问题。例如:
I didn't see her yesterday.(昨天我没看到她。)
You can't be serious!(你真是认真的吗! )
He doesn't like pizza.(他不喜欢披萨。)
She won't be coming to the party.(她不会来参加聚会。)
在这些例子中,注意使用了not或can't等否定词来表示对宾语从句的肯定或否定。
五、宾语从句中的引导词有哪些
宾语从句中的引导词主要有if, whether, when, how, where, why等。例如:
If it rains tomorrow, we will have to cancel the picnic.(如果明天下雨,我们将取消野餐。)
Whether you like it or not, we need to finish this project.(你喜欢也好不喜欢也好,我们都需要完成这个项目。)
When I was a child, I loved playing with dolls.(当我还是个孩子的时候,我喜欢玩娃娃。)
How much money did you spend on the tickets (你在票上花了多少钱?)
Where did you meet your best friend (你在哪里遇见了你最好的朋友?)
Why do you like this movie (你为什么喜欢这部电影?)
在这些例子中,引导词if, whether,when,how,where,why分别用于引导宾语从句。

展开更多......

收起↑

资源预览