资源简介

读后续写专题1 脱险类（讲义）
读后续写中会遇到描写森林迷路、地震、水灾、火灾等内容的故事，如果涉及到对生命造成一定威胁的情节，我们就把这类文章归为“脱险型”。在近年高考真题中，如2023年浙江卷1月蜂鸟脱困；2020年浙江卷1月遇到北极熊；2018年浙江卷6月森林遇险。
如何续写好此类文章呢？清代袁枚《随园诗话》中说过，“文似看山不喜平”，就提出过写文章好比观赏山峰那样，不喜欢平坦，喜欢起伏。而读后续写中，情节的跌宕起伏就是一种极好的提升文章整体水平的手法。这种转折即由“负”变“正”；或由“正”变“负”。最终体现正能量的结局，就是由“正”变“负”。
【写作步骤】
一 恶劣环境来铺垫
The water was deep and running fast from a big rainstorm the night before.
前天晚上下了一场大暴雨，水又深又急。
The water twisted and turned him, scraping him against the rocks as he was carried along. Water gushed into his mouth and up his nose.
水流不停地扭动着他，旋转着他，把他蹭在岩石上。水灌进他的嘴里，没过了他的鼻子。
3. What's worse, he didn't have any food or water with him, let alone his cell phone or other supplies.
更糟糕的是，他没有任何食物和水，更不要说他的手机和其他日用品。
4. The sky is overcast, darkened with gloomy clouds.
天空阴沉，乌云密布。
5.The icy wind started howling, stinging my face.
寒风开始咆哮，刺痛了我的脸。
6.The wind was howling and the waves smacked repeatedly against her face.
风在呼啸着，海浪不停地拍打着她的脸。
7.But then, as I looked in the distance, I discovered a series of three or four big waves heading towards the shore.
但后来，当我往远处看时，我发现有三四个大浪正在冲向海岸。
8.It swayed violently in a strong wind. Its roadway was damaged by vehicles. Its access was blocked by many people.
它在强风中剧烈摇晃。车辆损坏了道路。许多人堵住了通道。
9.The angry waves crashed against the side of the boat, with water splashing here and there.
愤怒的海浪拍打向船的一侧，水到处飞溅。
二 心理感受来烘托
An ominous thought crossed his mind: I’m going to die up here.
一个不祥的念头掠过他的脑海：我要死在这了。
Looking at the vast sea, I felt a sense of fear surging through my whole body.
看着浩瀚的大海，我感到一种恐惧感掠过我的全身。
Salt stinging my eyes, I could hardly tell how long I could hold on.
盐刺痛了我的眼睛，我几乎不知道我能坚持多久。
4.Grief comes in waves.
悲伤如潮水一般涌来。
5. With a pounding heart and cold, moist palms, I felt faint.
最后一句话像一颗子弹击中了我的心。
6.Afraid and merely desperate, she rushed towards him.
她害怕而绝望，向他冲去。
三 外貌神态来烘托
Hearing the bad news, Mary froze with shock, as if rooted on the ground.
听到这个坏消息，玛丽吓得愣住了，好像长在了地上。
2.Tears blurred her eyes.
泪水模糊了她的双眼。
3. I sobbed bitterly, tasting the salt from the tears that streamed down my face.
我痛苦地抽泣着，尝到脸上流下泪水咸咸的味道。
4.She calmed down to keep the rhyme of breathing so that she could breathe evenly.
她平静下来，保持呼吸的韵律，以便能够均匀地呼吸。
5.I glanced back over my shoulder to make sure that no one was following me.
我回头瞟了一眼以确保没有人跟踪我。
四 谋篇布局有起伏
Ultimately, we were back, safe and sound.
最终，我们又回来了，安然无恙。
We jumped into the warm vehicle and the forester drove us to the ranger station, where we were given clothes and were able to call our parents.
我们跳上了温暖的车，森林管理员开车把我们送到护林员站，在那里我们得到了衣服，并可以打电话给我们的父母。
Suddenly it occurred to us that we could keep to the track to guide us back.But it was getting darker and darker, thus making it increasingly difficult for us to make out the road.
突然我们想到我们可以坚持小路引导我们回去。但天色越来越暗，使我们走道路越来越困难。
五 万能升华来点睛
脱险类的文章有一个万能的表达“这是一次难忘的经历”。
万能升华1：
That day was so unforgettable that it would stay in my memory forever.
句意：那天是如此难忘，它将永远留在我的记忆。
遇到危险并且最终成功脱险的经历，想必对我们每个人来说一定是一生中难忘的经历。
本句中使用了so...that的句式结构：如此......以至于。unforgettable是一个形容词，表示“无法忘记的”。
万能升华2：
It was this unique experience that made me understand whatever difficulty we are faced with, we mustn’t give up our hope.
句意：正是这种独特的经历让我明白了我们所面临的任何困难，我们都不能放弃希望。
本句为复合句，运用强调句it was...that...、定语从句that...、宾语从句whatever...，属于高级句式。
万能升华3：
As long as we don’t give up hope and make every effort to overcome all the difficulties, we will surely make a success sooner or later.
句意：只要我们不放弃希望，不尽一切努力克服一切困难，我们迟早一定会取得成功的。
本句是复合句。As long as引导状语从句，且句子运用较多短语如make a success, soon or later等。
万能升华4：
Only then did I realize that it was bravery that can conquer whatever difficulty came in the way.
句意：直到那时，我才意识到，正是勇敢才能克服一切困难。
遇到危险后，勇敢面对，才能解决问题。这个句子突出了“勇敢”这个核心，这在“脱险型”的故事里，是非常恰当的。这句话使用了倒装的结构和强调结构结合的方式，也属于高分亮点句。
【真题感悟】
（2020年浙江卷6月）
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
One fall, my wife Elli and I had a single goal: to photograph polar bears. We were staying at a research camp outside “the polar bear capital of the world”-the town of Churchill in Manitoba, Canada.
Taking pictures of polar bears is amazing but also dangerous. Polar bears-like all wild animals should be photographed from a safe distance. When I'm face to face with a polar bear, I like it to be through a camera with a telephoto lens. But sometimes，that is easier said than done. This was one of those times.
As Elli and I cooked dinner, a young male polar bear who was playing in a nearby lake sniffed, and smelled our garlic bread.
The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp, which was surrounded by a high wire fence. He pulled and bit the wire. He stood on his back legs and pushed at the wooden fence posts.
Terrified, Elli and I tried all the bear defense actions we knew. We yelled at the bear, hit pots hard，and fired blank shotgun shells into the air. Sometimes loud noises like these will scare bears off. Not this polar bear though-he just kept trying to tear down the fence with his massive paws(爪子).
I radioed the camp manager for help. He told me a helicopter was on its way, but it would be 30 minutes before it arrived. Making the best of this close encounter(相遇), I took some pictures of the bear.
Elli and I feared the fence wouldn’t last through 30 more minutes of the bear's punishment. The camp manager suggested I use pepper spray. The spray burns the bears’ eyes, but doesn't hurt them. So I approached our uninvited guest slowly and，through the fence, sprayed him in the face. With an angry roar(吼叫), the bear ran to the lake to wash his eyes.
注意:1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2. 至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph1:A few minutes later, the bear headed back to our camp.________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph2:At that very moment, the helicopter arrived._______________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
A few minutes later, the bear headed back to our camp, then we realized the spray had only angered him even more, for he seemed much fiercer this time and violently pushed the fence like mad. My heart raced wildly, not knowing what to do. At this critical moment, Elli grabbed several pieces of garlic bread and threw them over the fence. It worked! The bear stopped the attack and ran to the bread. But it wasn’t long before he eat up all the bread and came back again.
At that very moment, the helicopter arrived. “Thank goodness we are saved!” Elli cried out. Once the helicopter landed, we got onto it in no time, excited and relieved. When we were safe on the helicopter up in the air, I was amazed to the spot that the bear had finally tore down the fence and ran towards the food we left behind. I quickly took out the camera and photographed the rare scene- we were robbed by a polar bear.
【分析】本文以事件为线索展开，讲述了作者和妻子前往被称为“北极熊之都”的加拿大丘吉尔镇拍摄北极熊。夫妻二人做饭之时，一头饥饿的雄性幼熊跟着面包的蒜香味，靠近了营地，猛烈撞击营地边上的铁丝围栏。作者和妻子使出浑身解数，想吓退这头熊，不料它“不破篱笆誓不归”。无奈之下，作者求助营地管理员，被告知救援直升机要30分钟后才能赶到，只得先尝试用胡椒喷雾喷洒北极熊的眼睛，不料这使熊变得更加暴躁，在千钧一发之际直升机及时赶到，他们得救了的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
由第一段首句内容“几分钟后，熊返回了我们的营地。”可知，第一段可描写作者夫妻二人如何再次对付熊及两人在此过程中的紧张害怕。
由第二段首句内容“就在那时，直升机赶到了。”可知，第二段可描写作者夫妻二人获救时的心情。
续写线索：熊返回营地——紧张害怕——用面包攻击——直升机赶到——快速登上飞机——熊把篱笆推到——拍下熊“打劫”的画面
词汇激活
行为类
①激怒：anger/provoke / enrage
②抓起：grab/snatch up
③拿出：take out/fetch out
情绪类
①疯狂的：mad/crazy
②兴奋的：excited/thrilled
【点睛】[高分句型1] then we realized the spray had only angered him even more, for he seemed much fiercer this time and violently pushed the fence like mad. My heart raced wildly.（for引导的原因状语从句）
[高分句型2] My heart raced wildly, not knowing what to do. （现在分词作状语）
[高分句型3] Once the helicopter landed, we got onto it in no time, excited and relieved. (once引导时间状语从句和形容词作状语)
脱险类读后续写素材积累
思路： 求助 帮助 感激 升华
自救：I took a deep breath and stayed calm, thinking how to save myself out of the danger. Later, I call an emergency phone. At the same time, I spared no efforts to yell so as to attract others’ attention to offer help.
包扎伤口：dress /bind up a wound
Stay calm. Shout for help. Call an emergency number. Place burns under cool running water. Dry the burnt area gently with a clean cloth. Cover the burnt area with a loose clean cloth.
他救: He immediately checked the situation where she was to make
sure whether she was safe. Later, he called an emergency phone.
While waiting for the ambulance to arrive, he performed/carried out first
aid on the injured.
溺水脱险：Just at the moment, Henry happened to be passing by. Hearing
the cry, Henry ran to the riverside, threw off his clothes and jumped
into the water quickly. He swam to Robert as fast as possible and helped Robert out.
With an effort, he saved Robert at last.
包扎伤口：dress /bind up a wound: The poor child never cried or
protested when I was dressing her wounds.
施救者和被救者：
Rescuers found victims trapped several feet underground. 营救人员发现有受难者被困在地下几英尺处。
施救人员：
The army, soldiers, doctors, nurses, workers，rescuers, rescue team, passer-by, firefighters, lifeguard
施救措施：
自救： take a deep breath and stay calm 深呼吸和保持冷静
spare no efforts to yell 竭尽全力叫喊
他救： carry sb. to a safe place 带某人去安全的地方
call an emergency phone 打急救电话
wait for the ambulance to arrive 等救护车到来
perform/carry out first aid on... 对...进行急救
do mouth-to-mouth breathing 做人工呼吸
press the chest 按压胸口
挖地道通向 tunnel their way into
向......靠拢 work their way towards
救援工具：
担架：stretcher
绷带：bandage
救护车：ambulance
睡袋 : sleeping bag
急救箱： first-aid kit
训练有素的狗：trained dogs
涂抹药：apply medicine/cream
灾难中人物动作描述
扭腿/腰/踝关节 twist/sprain legs/waist/ankle
摔跤 fall
流血 bleed
滑倒 slip
抓住 hold on (to) sth
爬进 crawl in
蹲伏 crouch
情绪类
A flood of fear welled up in him.
With his heart beating violently, Tom burst out crying.
A sense of strength immediately replaced the increasing fear and
anxiety in Jane’s mind.

展开更多......

收起↑