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宁波市2023学年第一学期高考模拟考试
英语试卷
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍
1. What has the weather been like recently
A. Really cold. B. Really wet. C. Really dry.
2.What's wrong with the hat
A. It's too small. B. It has the bright color C. It's worn on the wrong side.
3.When is the woman likely to buy a computer
A.In June. B.In July. C. In September.
4.Why does the man get up late
A. He stayed up late last night B. He doesn't have to work today. C. He forgot to set an alarm clock
5.Where might the speakers be right now
A. On the fourteenth floor. B. In an elevator. C. On the stairs
第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段长对话，回答小题。
6. What does the woman think of the story
A. It's too long. B. It's very exciting. C. It's confusing.
7. What does the man suggest the woman do
A. Read the whole book B. Write a short story herself. C. Borrow a copy of the book.
听下面一段长对话，回答小题。
8. Where does the conversation take place
A. In a studio. B. In the street. C. In the office.
9.How did the woman sound at the beginning of the conversation
A. Angry. B.Curious. C.Satisfied.
10. What does the woman advise the man to do
A. Take out the garbage. B. Clean off the dust. C. Tidy up his desk.
听下面一段长对话，回答小题。
11. Where does the speakers work
A. In a construction company. B. In a real estate agency. C. In a tour company.
12. What is under construction at the waterfront
A. A new cinema. B. A sports complex. C. A swimming pool.
13. What will the man do next
A. Meet a house owner. B. Update the online list. C. View an apartment.
听下面一段长对话，回答小题。
14. What's the relationship between the speakers
A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Father and daughter.
15. Which foreign language does the woman speak best
A.German. B.French. C.Italian.
16. Why does the woman want to go abroad
A. To learn a new language. B. To travel with her friends. C. To get valuable experience.
17. What does the man think about the food in Paris
A. Expensive. B. Delicious. C.Simple.
听下面一段独白，回答小题。
18. What is Brian Kane
A. A truck driver. B. A rubbish collector. C. A professional climber.
19. Why did Brian ask for leave on his 30t birthday
A. To visit Nepal.
B. To volunteer on Mount Qomolangma.
C. To reach the summit of Mount Qomolangma
20.Which can accurately describe Brian Kane's behavior
A. Honest and sensitive. B. Brave and hardworking. C. Generous and ambitious.
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
In September, thousands of monuments, civic buildings and private homes throw open their doors to offer a rare glimpse of normally of-limits spaces. Here are some less-known treasures around the UK.
Guided tour of Gladstone’s Library, Hawarden
Gladstone’s Library in Hawarden will be running special tours as part of the Open Doors-Wales festival. It was built as a memorial to prime minister Wiliam Gladstope, Take a tour of beautiful Reading Rooms housing 150,000 books.
September 16, 10 am-2 pm, booking required.
Britannia Panopticon Music Hall, Glasgow
The atmospheric Britannia Panopticon will be showing off its collection of theatrical relics, props and costumes. Sample Victorian items at the world’s oldest surviving music hall without booking.
September 15 and 16, 11 am-5 pm and September 17, 12 pm-5 pm
Gothic Temple, Stowe Gardens
Visitors to Stowe Gardens will be offered a rare chance to see inside the 18th century Gothic Temple. Though it’s normally rented as a holiday let, its circular rooms and mosaic ceilings will be open to prebooked visitors for one weekend.
September 16 and 17, 10: 30 am-4: 30 pm, free of charge
Appleton Tower: School of Informatics, Edinburgh University
As part of Scotland’s Doors Open Days festival, Edinburgh University’s Appleton Tower will be offering tours of the world-leading School, including a visit to the study suite on Level 9 which offers far-reaching views of the Edinburgh skyline.
September 23, 11 am-2 pm, booking in advance.
1. What can visitors do at Britannia Panopticon Music Hall
A. They can appreciate theatre-related items
B. They can listen to the oldest surviving music
C. They can visit a study room with far-reaching scenery.
D. They can read in Reading Rooms with 150000 books in store.
2. Which of the following will appeal to architecture fans
A. Gothic Temple. Stowe Gardens
B. Britannia Panopticon Music Hall, Glasgow.
C. Guided tour of Gladstone’s Library. Hawarden
D. Appleton Tower: School of Informatics, Edinburgh University
3. What do Guided tour of Gladstone’s Library and Appleton Tower have in common
A. They both last for four hours. B. They both require early reservations
C. They both honor world famous figures D. They both offer special views to visitors.
【答案】1. A 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。9月，成千上万的纪念碑、市政建筑和私人住宅敞开大门，让人们难得地一睹通常限制空间的风采，本文介绍了四座英国鲜为人知的建筑。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题Britannia Panopticon Music Hall, Glasgow下的“The atmospheric Britannia Panopticon will be showing off its collection of theatrical relics, props and costumes. Sample Victorian items at the world’s oldest surviving music hall without booking.(气氛浓厚的不列颠尼亚圆形监狱将展示其收藏的戏剧文物、道具和服装。在世界上现存最古老的音乐厅里品尝维多利亚时代的物品，无需预订)”可知，在Britannia Panopticon Music Hall他们可以欣赏与戏剧有关的物品。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题Gothic Temple, Stowe Gardens下的“Visitors to Stowe Gardens will be offered a rare chance to see inside the 18th century Gothic Temple. Though it’s normally rented as a holiday let, its circular rooms and mosaic ceilings will be open to prebooked visitors for one weekend.(斯托花园的游客将有机会一睹这座18世纪哥特式神庙的内部风貌。虽然它通常是作为度假场所出租的，但它的圆形房间和马赛克天花板将在一个周末向预订的游客开放)”可知，Gothic Temple, Stowe Gardens的建筑奇特，会吸引建筑爱好者。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题Guided tour of Gladstone’s Library, Hawarden下的“September 16, 10 am-2 pm, booking required.(9月16日上午10点至下午2点，需预约)”以及小标题Appleton Tower: School of Informatics, Edinburgh University下的“September 23, 11 am-2 pm, booking in advance.(9月23日上午11点至下午2点，提前预订)”可知，这两个景点的共同之处是都需要预约。故选B项。
B
I was invited to be an instructor at a high-school leadership camp in Michigan. About an hour into the first day, obvious discomfort and shyness of a boy caught my eye. I could sense that this whole experience was foreign to him. He needed a friend. I walked towards him, made my first interaction but failed.
At lunch the next day, as the campers eagerly participated in the camp song, my gaze wandered over noise and was caught by the boy under the tree, sitting alone and staring out of the window. I tried again, with the same questions as before. He again replied, “Yeah, I’m all right. I just don’t really get into this stuff.” As I left the cafeteria, I realized this was going to take more time and effort - if it was even possible to get through to him at all.
Days flew with me spending more time with him and finally came the camp night when I saw what would be one of the most vivid memories of my life. The boy, once confined to the shadows of the tree, was a dancing wonder. I watched as he shared the meaningful time with people at whom he couldn’t even look just days earlier. I couldn’t believe it was the same person.
A few months after the camp, I received an unexpected call from the boy, who informed me of his ongoing immigration to a foreign country. A long pause followed and then he said, “I went back to school with confidence. I made new friends. My grades went up. The past few months were the best of my life.”
In that instant, I realized how easy it is to give a bit of yourself every day. You may never know how much each gesture may mean to someone else. I tell this story as often as I can, and when I do, I urge others to look out for their own “boy under the tree”.
4. How did the boy feel at the beginning of the leadership camp
A. Anxious and bored. B. Uneasy and lonely.
C. Proud and enthusiastic. D. Comfortable and confident.
5. What did the author suggest by mentioning “a dancing wonder” in Paragraph 3
A. The boy was expert in dancing. B. The boy became the focus of the camp.
C. The boy contributed considerably to the camp night. D. The boy began to open up and socialize with others.
6. The boy called the author mainly to .
A. show off his recent progress B. express his gratitude to the author
C. recall the best memories in the camp D. share concerns about the approaching immigration
7. What message does the story convey
A. Camps help students shape their character
B. Every student has the opportunity to shine.
C. Sincere care makes a difference to students’ growth.
D. Reserved students face more challenges in their lives.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者在密歇根高中领导营地中遇到一个害羞、不适应的男孩，并通过与他的接触与交流，帮助他逐渐走出内向，融入团体，并在之后的生活中取得了积极的变化，表达了人们应该关注他人、关注周围的细节，用自己的行动去感染和帮助他人。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“I was invited to be an instructor at a high-school leadership camp in Michigan. About an hour into the first day, obvious discomfort and shyness of a boy caught my eye. I could sense that this whole experience was foreign to him. He needed a friend.(我被邀请到密歇根州的一个高中领导训练营做讲师。第一天开始大约一个小时，一个男孩明显的不安和害羞吸引了我的注意。我能感觉到这整个经历对他来说是陌生的。他需要一个朋友。)”可知，这个男孩在领导训练营开始时是不安和孤独的。故选B项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Days flew with me spending more time with him and finally came the camp night when I saw what would be one of the most vivid memories of my life. The boy, once confined to the shadows of the tree, was a dancing wonder. I watched as he shared the meaningful time with people at whom he couldn’t even look just days earlier. I couldn’t believe it was the same person.(日子一天天过去，我花了更多的时间和他在一起，终于在营地的那个晚上，我看到了我一生中最生动的记忆之一。这个曾经躲在树的阴影里的男孩，是个跳舞的奇才。我看着他与几天前他甚至不敢看的人分享这段有意义的时光。我简直不敢相信是同一个人)”可知，本段作者提到“a dancing wonder”是为了说明这个男孩开始敞开心扉，与他人交往。故选D项。
6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“A few months after the camp, I received an unexpected call from the boy, who informed me of his ongoing immigration to a foreign country. A long pause followed and then he said, “I went back to school with confidence. I made new friends. My grades went up. The past few months were the best of my life.”(夏令营结束几个月后，我意外地接到了那个男孩的电话，他告诉我他正在移居国外。沉默了很长时间，然后他说：“我自信地回到学校。我交了新朋友。我的成绩提高了。过去的几个月是我一生中最美好的时光。”)”可知，男孩给作者打电话，主要是表达他对作者的感激。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“In that instant, I realized how easy it is to give a bit of yourself every day. You may never know how much each gesture may mean to someone else. I tell this story as often as I can, and when I do, I urge others to look out for their own “boy under the tree”.(在那一刻，我意识到每天付出一点是多么容易。你可能永远不知道每个手势对别人意味着什么。我尽可能多地讲这个故事，当我这样做的时候，我敦促其他人注意他们自己的“树下男孩”。)”可知，这个故事传达了真诚的关怀对学生的成长至关重要。故选C项。
C
When driving, Clara-Marina Martinez takes down any unusual behaviour she sees on the road. She then feeds these into machine-learning algorithms (算法), a form of AI, which are intended to produce a system reliable enough for a car to drive itself without any disturbance from the driver, and cope with all situations on the road. But this proving hard to achieve, carmakers choose to scale back many attempts to do so. Last year, for instance, Uber, a ride-hailing service, sold off its unit developing self-driving cars at a low price.
Autonomous vehicles are boasted as being not just convenient but potentially safer. However, just as people take time to learn how to drive safely, machines are no exception. The RAND Corporation, an American think-tank, calculates that to develop a system 20% safer than a human driver, a fleet of 100 self-driving cars would have to operate 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, and cover 14 billion kilometres. At average road speeds, that would take about 400 years.
Carmakers such as Porsche therefore accelerate the development process using simulators (模拟器). These teach software about danger only rarely encountered in reality. Dr Martinez and her colleagues employ “game engines”, the programs that generate photo realistic images in computer games, to do this. These are used to create virtual worlds through which the software can drive.
How quickly, if ever, all this will translate into reality remains to be seen. Both regulators and customers will need to overcome doubt that a software driver really can be safer than human. From Porsche’s point of view, though, there is one other relevant question. Given that much of the reason for owning a sports car is for owners to show off what they regard as their driving skills, just how big a market will there be for a version where software takes those boasting rights away
8. What do the underlined words “scale back” mean in Paragraph 1
A. Make B. Overlook. C. Encourage. D. Reduce.
9. The learning process of autonomous vehicles’ safe driving can be described as___________.
A. time-consuming B. fast-paced C. thought-provoking D. well-designed
10. What challenge do autonomous vehicles bring to Porsche
A. Ensuring the pleasure of driving B. Making their sports cars affordable.
C. Removing public doubts about safety. D. Integrating game engines into their vehicles.
11. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Porsche: Sports Cars at Risk B. Self-driving Cars: Still Some Way to Go
C. Simulators: The Core of Autonomous Vehicles D. Machine Learning Algorithms: The Arrival of Al
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述开发自动驾驶汽车的问题以及对跑车市场的影响。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“Last year, for instance, Uber, a ride-hailing service, sold off its unit developing self-driving cars at a low price.(例如，去年，叫车服务公司优步（Uber）低价出售了开发自动驾驶汽车的部门)”可知，后文低价出售自动驾驶汽车的部门的例子说明汽车制造商选择减少许多这样做的尝试。故划线词意思是“减少”。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The RAND Corporation, an American think-tank, calculates that to develop a system 20% safer than a human driver, a fleet of 100 self-driving cars would have to operate 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, and cover 14 billion kilometres. At average road speeds, that would take about 400 years.(据美国智库兰德公司(RAND Corporation)计算，要开发一个比人类驾驶员安全20%的系统，100辆自动驾驶汽车的车队必须一年365天，每天24小时运行，行驶140亿公里。按照平均道路速度，这需要大约400年的时间)”可知，自动驾驶汽车安全驾驶的学习过程是非常耗时的。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“From Porsche’s point of view, though, there is one other relevant question. Given that much of the reason for owning a sports car is for owners to show off what they regard as their driving skills, just how big a market will there be for a version where software takes those boasting rights away (不过，从保时捷的角度来看，还有一个相关的问题。考虑到拥有跑车的主要原因是为了炫耀他们认为自己的驾驶技术，那么一个软件夺走了这些炫耀权利的版本会有多大的市场？)”可知，自动驾驶汽车在确保驾驶的乐趣方面会给保时捷带来挑战。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Autonomous vehicles are boasted as being not just convenient but potentially safer. However, just as people take time to learn how to drive safely, machines are no exception. The RAND Corporation, an American think-tank, calculates that to develop a system 20% safer than a human driver, a fleet of 100 self-driving cars would have to operate 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, and cover 14 billion kilometres. At average road speeds, that would take about 400 years.(自动驾驶汽车被吹嘘为不仅方便，而且可能更安全。然而，就像人们花时间学习如何安全驾驶一样，机器也不例外。据美国智库兰德公司(RAND Corporation)计算，要开发一个比人类驾驶员安全20%的系统，100辆自动驾驶汽车的车队必须一年365天，每天24小时运行，行驶140亿公里。按照平均道路速度，这需要大约400年的时间)”结合文章主要讲述开发自动驾驶汽车的问题以及对跑车市场的影响。可知，B选项“自动驾驶汽车：仍有一段路要走”最符合文章标题。故选B。
D
Goldfish may seem like simple creatures swimming in a glass tank, but they possess a rather complicated navigation system, as discovered by researchers at the University of Oxford Led by Dr. Adelaide Sibeaux, the study aims to shed light on our understanding of how fish, and potentially humans, estimate distances using what could be described as an internal GPS.
Writing in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B, Sibeaux and colleagues report how they created a tank in their experiment with 2cm-wide black and white vertical stripes (条纹) on the walls, connected by similar stripes across the floor. The team trained nine goldfish to swim a set distance of 70cm and then return to their starting point when waved at. The experiment aimed to investigate how the fish would estimate this distance without any gestures, under different patterns.
Over multiple trials, the goldfish averaged a swim distance of 74cm, give or take 17cm, when presented with the vertical 2cm-wide stripes. However, when the stripe pattern was altered to either narrower vertical stripes, checked patterns, or horizontal stripes, the fish’s behavior changed significantly. Narrower vertical stripes led them to overestimating the distance by 36%, while horizontal stripes resulted in highly inconsistent estimations.
According to the researchers, the goldfish appeared to be using an “optic (光学的) flow mechanism” based on the visual density of their environment. They kept track of how frequently the vertical pattern switched between black and white to estimate how far they had traveled. The study suggests that different optic flow mechanisms are used by mammals, including humans, based on angular (有角度的) motion of visual features. The study implies that the use of visually based distance information could have emerged early in the evolutionary timeline.
“This study is novel because, despite knowing that fish respond to geometric information regarding direction and distance, we don’t know how they estimate distances,” Professor Colin Lever, although not involved in the study, said, “it’s exciting to explore fish spatial mapping because fish navigation evolved earlier and better than most mammals.”
12. Why did Dr. Adelaide Sibeaux conduct the study on goldfish
A. To test the accuracy of goldfish’s internal GPS.
B. To create an advanced navigation system for humans
C. To uncover how an inbuilt GPS helps calculate distances.
D. To explore the relationships between goldfish and humans
13. What can we learn about the experiment
A. People gestured the goldfish throughout the experiment
B. The tank was decorated with colorful background patterns
C. Goldfish tended to underestimate distances with horizontal stripes.
D. The change in the tank setting led to the goldfish's incorrect judgment.
14. It can be concluded from the fourth paragraph that ____________.
A. optic flow mechanism is unique to humans
B. mammals developed flow mechanism long before goldfish
C. goldfish evaluated the distance with multidimensional visual information
D. visual density of the environment strengthened the locating ability of goldfish
15. What attitude does Professor Colin hold towards the study
A. Neutral. B. Ambiguous. C. Disapproving. D. Favorable.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了牛津大学的研究人员对金鱼内部导航系统的研究发现，研究人员通过实验发现，金鱼似乎使用一种“光学流机制”来估算自身的运动距离，其行为受到视觉密度和环境中的光学纹理等因素的影响。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Goldfish may seem like simple creatures swimming in a glass tank, but they possess a rather complicated navigation system, as discovered by researchers at the University of Oxford Led by Dr. Adelaide Sibeaux, the study aims to shed light on our understanding of how fish, and potentially humans, estimate distances using what could be described as an internal GPS.(金鱼可能看起来像在玻璃鱼缸里游泳的简单生物，但它们拥有相当复杂的导航系统，正如牛津大学Adelaide Sibeaux博士领导的研究人员所发现的那样，这项研究旨在阐明我们对鱼类以及潜在的人类如何利用一种可以被称为内部GPS的东西来估计距离的理解)”可知，Adelaide Sibeaux对金鱼进行这项研究是为了揭示内置GPS如何帮助计算距离。故选C项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Over multiple trials, the goldfish averaged a swim distance of 74cm, give or take 17cm, when presented with the vertical 2cm-wide stripes. However, when the stripe pattern was altered to either narrower vertical stripes, checked patterns, or horizontal stripes, the fish’s behavior changed significantly. Narrower vertical stripes led them to overestimating the distance by 36%, while horizontal stripes resulted in highly inconsistent estimations.(在多次试验中，当看到垂直的2厘米宽的条纹时，金鱼的平均游泳距离为74厘米，误差为17厘米。然而，当条纹图案被改变为较窄的垂直条纹、格子图案或水平条纹时，鱼的行为发生了显著变化。较窄的垂直条纹导致他们高估了36%的距离，而水平条纹导致高度不一致的估计)”可知，鱼缸设置的改变导致了金鱼的错误判断。故选D项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“According to the researchers, the goldfish appeared to be using an “optic (光学的) flow mechanism” based on the visual density of their environment. They kept track of how frequently the vertical pattern switched between black and white to estimate how far they had traveled. The study suggests that different optic flow mechanisms are used by mammals, including humans, based on angular (有角度的) motion of visual features. The study implies that the use of visually based distance information could have emerged early in the evolutionary timeline.(根据研究人员的说法，金鱼似乎使用了一种基于环境视觉密度的“光流机制”。他们记录了垂直图案在黑色和白色之间切换的频率，以估计它们走了多远。这项研究表明，包括人类在内的哺乳动物基于视觉特征的角度运动使用了不同的光流机制。这项研究表明，视觉距离信息的使用可能在进化的早期就出现了)”可知，本段可得出结论，金鱼使用多维视觉信息来评估距离。故选C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““This study is novel because, despite knowing that fish respond to geometric information regarding direction and distance, we don’t know how they estimate distances,” Professor Colin Lever, although not involved in the study, said, “it’s exciting to explore fish spatial mapping because fish navigation evolved earlier and better than most mammals.”(“这项研究是新颖的，因为尽管我们知道鱼类对方向和距离的几何信息有反应，但我们不知道它们是如何估计距离的，”科林·利弗教授说，尽管他没有参与这项研究，“探索鱼类的空间映射是令人兴奋的，因为鱼类的导航进化得比大多数哺乳动物更早，也更好。”)”可知，科林教授认为这项研究是令人兴奋的，所以是赞许的。故选D项。
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What gives your life meaning It is an important and natural practical question that we all ask ourselves at times. It circles around the notion of having a purpose and a reason to wake up and move forward in our lives. ___16___ Is it time to bring it back on track Here’s how to get started.
Treat your depression
Your depression empties your energy and damages your motivation. ___17___ Therefore, the key here is taking action no matter what you start with: tackling the depression directly through taking medicines or consulting doctors to get you moving forward. What the action is matters less than taking action itself.
Get out of your head into your emotion
If you are heavily driven by what you should do, you need to start rewiring your brain to use your emotions as information. ___18___ Once you notice them, do something concrete with them - again, act. That is how you learn to trust your emotions and use them to guide you, and how you rewire your brain.
Explore, experiment
You can’t figure out your sense of purpose by sitting on the couch and thinking it over. ___19___ You also need to focus on doing different experiments with being bold, and taking acceptable risks.
The path to discovering or reigniting your sense of purpose is not about making a new decision but focusing on the process that leads to that decision. ___20___
A. Hence, your emotions are your source of passion, desire, and energy.
B. It may be caused by physical or emotional limitations that take away joy.
C. However, for many, that sense of purpose has been absent for long stretches.
D. Without them, you don’t make the changes that can pull you out of the depression.
E. Instead, you need to explore, try things and see what sticks, what works, what doesn’t.
F. Start by focusing on those slightest feelings telling you what you want and don’t want.
G. Therefore you need to clear away obstacles that keep you from acting and moving forward.
【答案】16. C 17. D 18. F 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了如何让生活的使命感重回正轨。
【16题详解】
根据前文“What gives your life meaning It is an important and natural practical question that we all ask ourselves at times. It circles around the notion of having a purpose and a reason to wake up and move forward in our lives.(是什么赋予了你生命的意义 这是我们时常问自己的一个重要而自然的实际问题。它围绕着这样一个概念：有一个目标和理由来唤醒我们，让我们的生活中前进)”以及后文“Is it time to bring it back on track Here’s how to get started.(是时候让它重回正轨了吗 下面是如何开始)”可知，空处应是一个过渡句，又介绍什么是生命的意义过渡到，让它回到正轨，所以C项“However, for many, that sense of purpose has been absent for long stretches.(然而，对许多人来说，这种目标感已经缺失了很长一段时间)”符合文意，起到过渡作用，其中purpose为同词复现。故选C项。
【17题详解】
根据本段小标题“Treat your depression(治疗抑郁症)”以及前文“Your depression empties your energy and damages your motivation.(你的抑郁会耗尽你的精力，损害你的动力)”可知，本段的主题是摆脱抑郁，所以D项“Without them, you don’t make the changes that can pull you out of the depression.(没有他们，你就无法做出改变，让你摆脱抑郁)”符合本段主题，其中depression为同词复现。故选D项。
【18题详解】
根据前文“If you are heavily driven by what you should do, you need to start rewiring your brain to use your emotions as information.(如果你被你应该做的事情严重驱使，你需要开始重新连接你的大脑，把你的情绪作为信息)”以及后文“Once you notice them, do something concrete with them - again, act.(一旦你注意到它们，用它们做一些具体的事情——再次强调，行动)”可知，本段主要讲述了注意自己的情绪，让情绪引导自己做事，所以F项“Start by focusing on those slightest feelings telling you what you want and don’t want.(从关注那些告诉你想要什么和不想要什么的最轻微的感觉开始)”符合本段主题，承接上下文。故选F项。
【19题详解】
根据本段小标题“Explore, experiment(探索，实验)”可知，本段主要讲述了在生活中去探索和实验，所以E项“Instead, you need to explore, try things and see what sticks, what works, what doesn’t.(相反，你需要探索，尝试，看看什么行得通，什么行不通)”符合本段主题，其中explore为同词复现。故选E项。
【20题详解】
分析设空，位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“The path to discovering or reigniting your sense of purpose is not about making a new decision but focusing on the process that leads to that decision.(发现或重燃目标感的途径不是做一个新的决定，而是关注导致这个决定的过程)”可知，G项“Therefore, you need to clear away obstacles that keep you from acting and moving forward.(因此，你需要清除阻碍你行动和前进的障碍)”和前文构成因果关系，是对前文的总结。故选G项。
第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The four people have persuaded companies to give them ￡250,000 worth of toys and food for nothing. And next Monday, they are going to ___21___ them to every house across north London. David Goodfellow and his three friends, Benny Crane, James Hunter and Callum Teach, call themselves “The Kindness Offensive”. They specialise in ___22___ random acts of kindness for total ___23___.
According to them, it is remarkably easy to get hold of items to give away, if you ___24___. “You simply phone ___25___ manufacturers to see if they are willing to donate something.” Mr Goodfellow explains. “Our phone bills are enormous, but ___26___ you reach someone sympathetic.”
The four friends ___27___ their work together a year ago. “At first, most people were deeply suspicious,” said Mr Crane, a musician. “They didn’t think we’d ___28___ our promises.” But the group soon learned how to do it properly and convince people of their good ___29___.
Their first successful “kindness act” was to help ___30___ a boy’s dream of watching a football match and, last October, they gave free food to ___31___ seekers. “We’ve met people struggling just to live,” said Mr Hunter, “they ___32___ want to contribute to society but they can’t work and they don’t find it easy even to buy food.”
The Kindness Offensive goes to great lengths to ___33___ media exposure but they would like to see more people performing kind deeds for one another. “What I’ve learnt is that kindness is ___34___,” David’s father said, “___35___ you do good deeds, you’ll get a lot out of it and others will follow.”
21.
A. lead B. distribute C. attach D. apply
22.
A. carrying out B. working out C. making out D. bringing out
23.
A. children B. customers C. strangers D. friends
24.
A. adapt B. depart C. concentrate D. persist
25.
A. familiar B. overseas C. endless D. aimless
26.
A. initially B. ultimately C. unfortunately D. naturally
27.
A. launched B. concluded C. advertised D. gathered
28.
A. look forward to B. pay attention to C. pass on to D. live up to
29.
A. strategies B. intentions C. methods D. routines
30.
A. found B. affect C. obtain D. fulfill
31.
A. status B. power C. shelter D. peace
32.
A. reluctantly B. eagerly C. patiently D. passively
33.
A. avoid B. double C. encourage D. oppose
34.
A. complex B. reasonable C. influential D. accurate
35.
A. though B. unless C. until D. if
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是新闻报道。讲述了David Goodfellow，Benny Crane, James Hunter和Callum Teach四人建立“善意攻势”组织，随机为陌生人提供帮助。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：下周一，他们会把它们分发到伦敦北部的每家每户。A. lead领导；B. distribute分配；C. attach贴上；D. apply应用。根据前文“The four people have persuaded companies to give them ￡250,000 worth of toys and food for nothing.”可知，他们筹集到了价值25万英镑的玩具和食物，所以应是分配给他人。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们专门为完全陌生的人做一些随机的善举。A. carrying out执行；B. working out锻炼；C. making out理解；D. bringing out生产。根据后文“random acts of kindness”结合选项，应是执行随机的善举符合语境。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们专门为完全陌生的人做一些随机的善举。A. children儿童；B. customers客户；C. strangers陌生人；D. friends朋友。根据前文“And next Monday, they are going to 　　1　　 them to every house across north London.”可知，他们是给伦敦北部的每家每户，也就是陌生人做善举。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：根据他们的说法，如果你坚持下去，很容易就能弄到可以送人的东西。A. adapt适应；B. depart离开；C. concentrate集中；D. persist坚持。根据后文“Our phone bills are enormous, but 　　6　　 you reach someone sympathetic.”可知，他们电话费是巨大的，也就是打很多电话，所以是坚持。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你只需给没完没了的制造商打电话，看看他们是否愿意捐赠一些东西。A. familiar熟悉的；B. overseas海外的；C. endless无休止的；D. aimless无目标的。根据后文“Our phone bills are enormous”可知，他们电话费是巨大的，也就是没完没了地打电话。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们的电话费很大，但最终你还是找到了同情你的人。A. initially开始；B. ultimately最终；C. unfortunately不幸地；D. naturally自然地。根据前文“According to them, it is remarkably easy to get hold of items to give away, if you 　　4　　.”可知，只要坚持，他们最终能弄到可以送人的东西。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这四个朋友一年前一起开始了他们的工作。A. launched开始从事；B. concluded结束；C. advertised宣传；D. gathered聚集。根据后文“At first, most people were deeply suspicious”可知，此处是说他们开始从事这份工作。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们认为我们不会兑现我们的承诺。A. look forward to期待；B. pay attention to注意；C. pass on to传递给；D. live up to兑现。根据前文“At first, most people were deeply suspicious”可知，起初，大多数人都深表怀疑，认为他们不会兑现他们的承诺。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但这个小组很快就学会了如何正确地做这件事，并让人们相信他们的好意。A. strategies战略；B. intentions意图；C. methods方法；D. routines常规。根据前文“But the group soon learned how to do it properly”结合前文内容，刚开始，许多人不相信他们，然后他们学会了如何正确地做这件事，所以应是让人们相信他们的好意。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们第一次成功的“善举”是帮助一个男孩实现了观看足球比赛的梦想，去年10月，他们为寻求庇护的人提供了免费食物。A. found创办；B. affect影响；C. obtain获得；D. fulfill实现。根据后文“a boy’s dream of watching a football match”结合选项可知，应是“实现了观看足球比赛的梦想”符合语境。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们第一次成功的“善举”是帮助一个男孩实现了观看足球比赛的梦想，去年10月，他们为寻求庇护的人提供了免费食物。A. status状态；B. power能力；C. shelter庇护；D. peace和平。根据后文“they can’t work and they don’t find it easy even to buy food”可知，他们找不到工作，甚至连买食物都不容易，所以是为寻求庇护的人提供了免费食物。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们遇到过一些为生存而挣扎的人，他们渴望为社会做贡献，但他们找不到工作，甚至连买食物都不容易。A. reluctantly勉强；B. eagerly渴望地；C. patiently耐心；D. passively被动地。根据前文“We’ve met people struggling just to live”可知，他们为生存而挣扎，所以是渴望为社会做贡献。故选B项。
33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“善良攻势”竭尽全力避免媒体曝光，但他们希望看到更多的人为彼此做好事。A. avoid避免；B. double加倍；C. encourage鼓励；D. oppose反对。根据后文“media exposure but they would like to see more people performing kind deeds for one another.”可知，前后文是转折关系，所以应是“避免媒体曝光，但他们希望看到更多的人为彼此做好事”符合语境。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我学到的是，善良是有影响力的，”大卫的父亲说，“如果你做好事，你会从中得到很多，其他人也会效仿。”A. complex复杂的；B. reasonable合理的；C. influential有很大影响的；D. accurate精确的。根据后文“you’ll get a lot out of it and others will follow.”可知，其他人会效仿，所以是有影响力的。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：“我学到的是，善良是有影响力的，”大卫的父亲说，“如果你做好事，你会从中得到很多，其他人也会效仿。”A. though虽然；B. unless除非；C. until直到；D. if如果。根据后文“you do good deeds, you’ll get a lot out of it and others will follow.”可知，此处是在表假设，应该用if引导。故选D项。
第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tai Chi, also noted as Taijiquan, is a traditional Chinese martial art that has evolved into a popular form of exercise and meditation. ___36___ (originate) from China's Fujian Province, Tai Chi has a history of over 1,000 years and is deeply rooted in Chinese philosophy and culture. It ___37___ (characterize) by slow, flowing movements that promote balance, ___38___ (flexible), and relaxation.
In recent years, Tai Chi ___39___ (gain) worldwide recognition for its health benefits. Studies have shown that practicing Tai Chi can also be helpful for people ___40___ (reduce) the risk of falls in older adults.
Tai Chi is often practised in groups or classes, ___41___ students learn from a qualified instructor. There are many different styles of Tai Chi, each ___42___ its own unique set of movements and techniques. Beginners are encouraged to start with the most basic movements and ___43___ (gradual) build up their skills and knowledge over time.
___44___ you are looking for a low-impact exercise, a way to reduce stress, or a close connection to Chinese culture, Tai Chi offers something for everyone. With regular practice, you can experience the transformative power of this ancient art form and discover ____45____ deeper sense of balance and harmony in your life.
【答案】36. Originating
37. is characterized
38. flexibility
39. has gained
40. to reduce
41. where 42. with
43. gradually
44. Whether
45 a
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国传统文化——太极，介绍了太极的历史以及好处。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：太极拳起源于中国福建省，已有1000多年的历史，深深植根于中国的哲学和文化中。分析句子结构可知originate与逻辑主语Tai Chi构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Originating。
【37题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：它的特点是缓慢，流畅的动作，促进平衡，灵活性和放松。主语与谓语构成被动关系，且陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为it，谓语用单数。故填is characterized。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：它的特点是缓慢，流畅的动作，促进平衡，灵活性和放松。作宾语，应用名词flexibility，不可数。故填flexibility。
【39题详解】
考查时态。句意：近年来，太极拳因其对健康的益处而获得了全世界的认可。根据上文In recent years可知为现在完成时，主语为Tai Chi，助动词用has。故填has gained。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：研究表明，练习太极拳也可以帮助人们降低老年人跌倒的风险。表示“对某人做某事有帮助”短语为be helpful for sb. to do sth.。故填to reduce。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：太极拳通常在小组或班级中练习，学生们从合格的教练那里学习。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词groups or classes，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故填where。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：太极拳有许多不同的风格，每种风格都有自己独特的动作和技巧。后跟名词作宾语，表示“带有，有着”应用介词with。故填with。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：鼓励初学者从最基本的动作开始，随着时间的推移逐渐建立他们的技能和知识。修饰动词短语build up应用副词gradually，故填gradually。
【44题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：无论你是在寻找一种低强度的运动，一种减轻压力的方法，还是与中国文化的密切联系，太极拳都能为每个人提供一些东西。表示“无论是……还是……”句型为whether…or…，首字母大写。故填Whether。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：通过定期练习，你可以体验到这种古老艺术形式的变革力量，并在你的生活中发现更深层次的平衡与和谐。表示“……的感觉”短语为a sense of balance，deeper是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假如你是李华，你的外国朋友Albert想了解中国高中生对于是否需要开设学生职业生涯规划 (career planning) 课程的想法，请你写一封信给他，内容包括：
1.你的观点
2.你的理由；
3.你的建议。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答
Dear Albert,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Albert,
Regarding your inquiry about whether high schools should offer a career planning course, I firmly believe it’s necessary.
Career planning helps students understand their interests and strengths better, which can guide them towards a fulfilling future. It also enables them to make informed decisions on their academic path and potential career options. Therefore, I strongly suggest incorporating it into compulsory courses. This could be done through workshops, seminars, and guest speakers, offering students valuable information and guidance throughout their academic journey.
Thank you for considering my opinion. I’m confident that the course will benefit students in their future endeavors.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇是应用文写作。要求写一封信给你的外国朋友Albert，向他介绍中国高中生对于是否需要开设学生职业生涯规划课程的想法。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
询问：inquiry→investigation
建议：suggest→advise
提供：offer→provide
观点：opinion→view
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Therefore, I strongly suggest incorporating it into compulsory courses.
拓展句：Therefore, I strongly suggest that it should be incorporated into compulsory courses.
【点睛】[高分句型1]Career planning helps students understand their interests and strengths better, which can guide them towards a fulfilling future.(which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]I’m confident that the course will benefit students in their future endeavors.(that引导的宾语从句)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
At one time children made May Day baskets to celebrate spring and enjoy the rewards of giving surprising gifts to their beloved ones. When I was in perhaps the third grade, our class took on such an adventure. For several days, we worked on creating paper baskets. We cut colorful stripes of construction paper and wove them together, following our teacher, Miss Anderson. We cut and wove and glued. Then we decorated them with our crayons and more cutting and gluing. Finally, we fitted paper handles onto the tops so that we could secretly hang our creations on the doors of unsuspecting receivers: surely our mothers.
We were finished right on time. Miss Anderson brought armloads of flowers for us to use in stuffing our prizes. Lilacs and tulips and al the colorful flowers of spring. We had to wait until the day was nearly over before we were allowed to choose the flowers that were just right for our baskets. I chose the biggest, most beautiful blossoms, allowing myself to be selfish for the sake of my mother. Then we fidgeted (烦躁) away what remained of our day, waiting for the clock to tick down the minutes to our release.
Finally, mercifully, the bell rang! We threw on our coats, gathered our homework and our lunch boxes, tied on our scarves and then, carefully, we cradled our offerings of love and off we ran to our individual homes! I was so excited! I ran as fast as I could down the hill, across the street, up the block, heading home. I paused at the corner of my house, to catch my breath and savor the moment. Then I glanced down to admire my offering one last time before I hung it lovingly over the doorknob. Horrors! Shock, dread and depression! My flowers were gone! Apparently, bouncing out on my mad dash home, all that was left was a sad, messed-up, wrinkled little empty basket! I stood on the doorway and burst into mournful sobbing tears.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Para 1
By and by, my mom came to the door to discover the source of the sorrow.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Para 2
Soon, my newly-decorated basket was ready to be offered again.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
By and by, my mom came to the door to discover the source of the sorrow. As she let me in and relieved me of my school things, I tried to relate my horrible dilemma and the depth of my sadness. Mom listened attentively, and her comforting presence brought a glimmer of hope to my disappointed heart. Having wiped my tears tenderly, she gave me the scissors fetched from the kitchen and suggested I find some replacement flowers from our garden. This time, I chose smaller and more resilient flowers, carefully arranging them inside the basket. Seeing each petal radiating the purest colors of spring, I felt my enthusiasm began to return.
Soon, my newly-decorated basket was ready to be offered again. With the revived basket cradled in my arms, I embarked on a second journey towards home. Awkwardly, I placed the paper handle over the knob, knocked hesitantly, and made an embarrassed retreat. Mom slowly came and answered the door. Oh! She was SO surprised! I stepped out of my hiding place. “Well, Mary!” she exclaimed! “Look what someone left here! Aren’t they lovely! “ With her excitement all my worries vanished. My pride of giving barely allowed me to maintain the surprise but what mattered was to show mom she was remembered on this special day.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者为母亲精心制作了花篮，结果作者放学回家路上因为跑得太快导致花都掉了。作者十分伤心。好在母亲及时安慰了作者，让作者再次从花园里摘了花装饰花篮，母亲还很配合假装惊讶，令作者非常难忘。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“不久，我妈妈来到门口，发现了悲伤的根源”可知，第一段可描写母亲安慰作者并建议作者再次从花园里摘了花装饰花篮。
②由第二段首句内容“很快，我的新装饰的篮子就准备好了”可知，第二段可描写作者给母亲送花篮以及母亲配合作者。
2.续写线索：妈妈发现作者——安慰作者——提出建议——再次准备好花篮——送花篮——母亲配合——作者感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
发现：discover/find
恢复：return /restore
尝试：try to/attempt to
情绪类
沮丧失望：disappointed / depressed
惊讶：surprised /amazed
【点睛】[高分句型1] Seeing each petal radiating the purest colors of spring, I felt my enthusiasm began to return. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2] My pride of giving barely allowed me to maintain the surprise but what mattered was to show mom she was remembered on this special day. (运用了what引导主语从句)
听力1-5 CCBAB 6-10CAABC 11-15 BABCA 16-20CABCB宁波市2023学年第一学期高考模拟考试
英语试卷
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍
1. What has the weather been like recently
A. Really cold. B. Really wet. C. Really dry.
2.What's wrong with the hat
A. It's too small. B. It has the bright color C. It's worn on the wrong side.
3.When is the woman likely to buy a computer
A.In June. B.In July. C. In September.
4.Why does the man get up late
A. He stayed up late last night B. He doesn't have to work today. C. He forgot to set an alarm clock
5.Where might the speakers be right now
A. On the fourteenth floor. B. In an elevator. C. On the stairs
第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段长对话，回答小题。
6. What does the woman think of the story
A. It's too long. B. It's very exciting. C. It's confusing.
7. What does the man suggest the woman do
A. Read the whole book B. Write a short story herself. C. Borrow a copy of the book.
听下面一段长对话，回答小题。
8. Where does the conversation take place
A. In a studio. B. In the street. C. In the office.
9.How did the woman sound at the beginning of the conversation
A. Angry. B.Curious. C.Satisfied.
10. What does the woman advise the man to do
A. Take out the garbage. B. Clean off the dust. C. Tidy up his desk.
听下面一段长对话，回答小题。
11. Where does the speakers work
A. In a construction company. B. In a real estate agency. C. In a tour company.
12. What is under construction at the waterfront
A. A new cinema. B. A sports complex. C. A swimming pool.
13. What will the man do next
A. Meet a house owner. B. Update the online list. C. View an apartment.
听下面一段长对话，回答小题。
14. What's the relationship between the speakers
A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Father and daughter.
15. Which foreign language does the woman speak best
A.German. B.French. C.Italian.
16. Why does the woman want to go abroad
A. To learn a new language. B. To travel with her friends. C. To get valuable experience.
17. What does the man think about the food in Paris
A. Expensive. B. Delicious. C.Simple.
听下面一段独白，回答小题。
18. What is Brian Kane
A. A truck driver. B. A rubbish collector. C. A professional climber.
19. Why did Brian ask for leave on his 30t birthday
A. To visit Nepal.
B. To volunteer on Mount Qomolangma.
C. To reach the summit of Mount Qomolangma
20.Which can accurately describe Brian Kane's behavior
A. Honest and sensitive. B. Brave and hardworking. C. Generous and ambitious.
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
In September, thousands of monuments, civic buildings and private homes throw open their doors to offer a rare glimpse of normally of-limits spaces. Here are some less-known treasures around the UK.
Guided tour of Gladstone’s Library, Hawarden
Gladstone’s Library in Hawarden will be running special tours as part of the Open Doors-Wales festival. It was built as a memorial to prime minister Wiliam Gladstope, Take a tour of beautiful Reading Rooms housing 150,000 books.
September 16, 10 am-2 pm, booking required.
Britannia Panopticon Music Hall, Glasgow
The atmospheric Britannia Panopticon will be showing off its collection of theatrical relics, props and costumes. Sample Victorian items at the world’s oldest surviving music hall without booking.
September 15 and 16, 11 am-5 pm and September 17, 12 pm-5 pm
Gothic Temple, Stowe Gardens
Visitors to Stowe Gardens will be offered a rare chance to see inside the 18th century Gothic Temple. Though it’s normally rented as a holiday let, its circular rooms and mosaic ceilings will be open to prebooked visitors for one weekend.
September 16 and 17, 10: 30 am-4: 30 pm, free of charge
Appleton Tower: School of Informatics, Edinburgh University
As part of Scotland’s Doors Open Days festival, Edinburgh University’s Appleton Tower will be offering tours of the world-leading School, including a visit to the study suite on Level 9 which offers far-reaching views of the Edinburgh skyline.
September 23, 11 am-2 pm, booking in advance.
1. What can visitors do at Britannia Panopticon Music Hall
A. They can appreciate theatre-related items
B. They can listen to the oldest surviving music
C. They can visit a study room with far-reaching scenery.
D. They can read in Reading Rooms with 150,000 books in store.
2. Which of the following will appeal to architecture fans
A. Gothic Temple. Stowe Gardens
B. Britannia Panopticon Music Hall, Glasgow.
C. Guided tour of Gladstone’s Library. Hawarden
D. Appleton Tower: School of Informatics, Edinburgh University
3. What do Guided tour of Gladstone’s Library and Appleton Tower have in common
A. They both last for four hours. B. They both require early reservations
C. They both honor world famous figures D. They both offer special views to visitors.
B
I was invited to be an instructor at a high-school leadership camp in Michigan. About an hour into the first day, obvious discomfort and shyness of a boy caught my eye. I could sense that this whole experience was foreign to him. He needed a friend. I walked towards him, made my first interaction but failed.
At lunch the next day, as the campers eagerly participated in the camp song, my gaze wandered over noise and was caught by the boy under the tree, sitting alone and staring out of the window. I tried again, with the same questions as before. He again replied, “Yeah, I’m all right. I just don’t really get into this stuff.” As I left the cafeteria, I realized this was going to take more time and effort - if it was even possible to get through to him at all.
Days flew with me spending more time with him and finally came the camp night when I saw what would be one of the most vivid memories of my life. The boy, once confined to the shadows of the tree, was a dancing wonder. I watched as he shared the meaningful time with people at whom he couldn’t even look just days earlier. I couldn’t believe it was the same person.
A few months after the camp, I received an unexpected call from the boy, who informed me of his ongoing immigration to a foreign country. A long pause followed and then he said, “I went back to school with confidence. I made new friends. My grades went up. The past few months were the best of my life.”
In that instant, I realized how easy it is to give a bit of yourself every day. You may never know how much each gesture may mean to someone else. I tell this story as often as I can, and when I do, I urge others to look out for their own “boy under the tree”.
4. How did the boy feel at the beginning of the leadership camp
A. Anxious and bored. B. Uneasy and lonely.
C. Proud and enthusiastic. D. Comfortable and confident.
5. What did the author suggest by mentioning “a dancing wonder” in Paragraph 3
A. The boy was expert in dancing. B. The boy became the focus of the camp.
C. The boy contributed considerably to the camp night. D. The boy began to open up and socialize with others.
6. The boy called the author mainly to .
A. show off his recent progress B. express his gratitude to the author
C. recall the best memories in the camp D. share concerns about the approaching immigration
7. What message does the story convey
A. Camps help students shape their character
B. Every student has the opportunity to shine.
C Sincere care makes a difference to students’ growth.
D. Reserved students face more challenges in their lives.
C
When driving, Clara-Marina Martinez takes down any unusual behaviour she sees on the road. She then feeds these into machine-learning algorithms (算法), a form of AI, which are intended to produce a system reliable enough for a car to drive itself without any disturbance from the driver, and cope with all situations on the road. But this proving hard to achieve, carmakers choose to scale back many attempts to do so. Last year, for instance, Uber, a ride-hailing service, sold off its unit developing self-driving cars at a low price.
Autonomous vehicles are boasted as being not just convenient but potentially safer. However, just as people take time to learn how to drive safely, machines are no exception. The RAND Corporation, an American think-tank, calculates that to develop a system 20% safer than a human driver, a fleet of 100 self-driving cars would have to operate 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, and cover 14 billion kilometres. At average road speeds, that would take about 400 years.
Carmakers such as Porsche therefore accelerate the development process using simulators (模拟器). These teach software about danger only rarely encountered in reality. Dr Martinez and her colleagues employ “game engines”, the programs that generate photo realistic images in computer games, to do this. These are used to create virtual worlds through which the software can drive.
How quickly, if ever, all this will translate into reality remains to be seen. Both regulators and customers will need to overcome doubt that a software driver really can be safer than human. From Porsche’s point of view, though, there is one other relevant question. Given that much of the reason for owning a sports car is for owners to show off what they regard as their driving skills, just how big a market will there be for a version where software takes those boasting rights away
8. What do the underlined words “scale back” mean in Paragraph 1
A. Make B. Overlook. C. Encourage. D. Reduce.
9. The learning process of autonomous vehicles’ safe driving can be described as___________.
A. time-consuming B. fast-paced C. thought-provoking D. well-designed
10. What challenge do autonomous vehicles bring to Porsche
A. Ensuring the pleasure of driving B. Making their sports cars affordable.
C. Removing public doubts about safety. D. Integrating game engines into their vehicles.
11. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Porsche: Sports Cars at Risk B. Self-driving Cars: Still Some Way to Go
C. Simulators: The Core of Autonomous Vehicles D. Machine Learning Algorithms: The Arrival of Al
D
Goldfish may seem like simple creatures swimming in a glass tank but they possess a rather complicated navigation system, as discovered by researchers at the University of Oxford Led by Dr. Adelaide Sibeaux, the study aims to shed light on our understanding of how fish, and potentially humans, estimate distances using what could be described as an internal GPS.
Writing in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B, Sibeaux and colleagues report how they created a tank in their experiment with 2cm-wide black and white vertical stripes (条纹) on the walls, connected by similar stripes across the floor. The team trained nine goldfish to swim a set distance of 70cm and then return to their starting point when waved at. The experiment aimed to investigate how the fish would estimate this distance without any gestures, under different patterns.
Over multiple trials, the goldfish averaged a swim distance of 74cm, give or take 17cm, when presented with the vertical 2cm-wide stripes. However, when the stripe pattern was altered to either narrower vertical stripes, checked patterns, or horizontal stripes, the fish’s behavior changed significantly. Narrower vertical stripes led them to overestimating the distance by 36%, while horizontal stripes resulted in highly inconsistent estimations.
According to the researchers, the goldfish appeared to be using an “optic (光学的) flow mechanism” based on the visual density of their environment. They kept track of how frequently the vertical pattern switched between black and white to estimate how far they had traveled. The study suggests that different optic flow mechanisms are used by mammals, including humans, based on angular (有角度的) motion of visual features. The study implies that the use of visually based distance information could have emerged early in the evolutionary timeline.
“This study is novel because, despite knowing that fish respond to geometric information regarding direction and distance, we don’t know how they estimate distances,” Professor Colin Lever, although not involved in the study, said, “it’s exciting to explore fish spatial mapping because fish navigation evolved earlier and better than most mammals.”
12. Why did Dr. Adelaide Sibeaux conduct the study on goldfish
A. To test the accuracy of goldfish’s internal GPS.
B. To create an advanced navigation system for humans
C. To uncover how an inbuilt GPS helps calculate distances.
D. To explore the relationships between goldfish and humans
13. What can we learn about the experiment
A. People gestured the goldfish throughout the experiment
B. The tank was decorated with colorful background patterns
C. Goldfish tended to underestimate distances with horizontal stripes.
D The change in the tank setting led to the goldfish's incorrect judgment.
14. It can be concluded from the fourth paragraph that ____________.
A. optic flow mechanism is unique to humans
B. mammals developed flow mechanism long before goldfish
C. goldfish evaluated the distance with multidimensional visual information
D. visual density of the environment strengthened the locating ability of goldfish
15. What attitude does Professor Colin hold towards the study
A. Neutral. B. Ambiguous. C. Disapproving. D. Favorable.
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What gives your life meaning It is an important and natural practical question that we all ask ourselves at times. It circles around the notion of having a purpose and a reason to wake up and move forward in our lives. ___16___ Is it time to bring it back on track Here’s how to get started.
Treat your depression
Your depression empties your energy and damages your motivation. ___17___ Therefore, the key here is taking action no matter what you start with: tackling the depression directly through taking medicines or consulting doctors to get you moving forward. What the action is matters less than taking action itself.
Get out of your head into your emotion
If you are heavily driven by what you should do, you need to start rewiring your brain to use your emotions as information. ___18___ Once you notice them, do something concrete with them - again, act. That is how you learn to trust your emotions and use them to guide you, and how you rewire your brain.
Explore, experiment
You can’t figure out your sense of purpose by sitting on the couch and thinking it over. ___19___ You also need to focus on doing different experiments with being bold, and taking acceptable risks.
The path to discovering or reigniting your sense of purpose is not about making a new decision but focusing on the process that leads to that decision. ___20___
A. Hence, your emotions are your source of passion, desire, and energy.
B. It may be caused by physical or emotional limitations that take away joy.
C. However, for many, that sense of purpose has been absent for long stretches.
D. Without them, you don’t make the changes that can pull you out of the depression.
E. Instead, you need to explore, try things and see what sticks, what works, what doesn’t.
F. Start by focusing on those slightest feelings telling you what you want and don’t want.
G. Therefore, you need to clear away obstacles that keep you from acting and moving forward.
第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The four people have persuaded companies to give them ￡250,000 worth of toys and food for nothing. And next Monday, they are going to ___21___ them to every house across north London. David Goodfellow and his three friends, Benny Crane, James Hunter and Callum Teach, call themselves “The Kindness Offensive”. They specialise in ___22___ random acts of kindness for total ___23___.
According to them, it is remarkably easy to get hold of items to give away, if you ___24___. “You simply phone ___25___ manufacturers to see if they are willing to donate something.” Mr Goodfellow explains. “Our phone bills are enormous, but ___26___ you reach someone sympathetic.”
The four friends ___27___ their work together a year ago. “At first, most people were deeply suspicious,” said Mr Crane, a musician. “They didn’t think we’d ___28___ our promises.” But the group soon learned how to do it properly and convince people of their good ___29___.
Their first successful “kindness act” was to help ___30___ a boy’s dream of watching a football match and, last October, they gave free food to ___31___ seekers. “We’ve met people struggling just to live,” said Mr Hunter, “they ___32___ want to contribute to society but they can’t work and they don’t find it easy even to buy food.”
The Kindness Offensive goes to great lengths to ___33___ media exposure but they would like to see more people performing kind deeds for one another. “What I’ve learnt is that kindness is ___34___,” David’s father said, “___35___ you do good deeds, you’ll get a lot out of it and others will follow.”
21.
A. lead B. distribute C. attach D. apply
22.
A. carrying out B. working out C. making out D. bringing out
23.
A. children B. customers C. strangers D. friends
24.
A. adapt B. depart C. concentrate D. persist
25.
A. familiar B. overseas C. endless D. aimless
26.
A. initially B. ultimately C. unfortunately D. naturally
27.
A. launched B. concluded C. advertised D. gathered
28.
A. look forward to B. pay attention to C. pass on to D. live up to
29.
A. strategies B. intentions C. methods D. routines
30.
A. found B. affect C. obtain D. fulfill
31.
A. status B. power C. shelter D. peace
32.
A. reluctantly B. eagerly C. patiently D. passively
33.
A avoid B. double C. encourage D. oppose
34.
A. complex B. reasonable C. influential D. accurate
35.
A. though B. unless C. until D. if
第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tai Chi, also noted as Taijiquan, is a traditional Chinese martial art that has evolved into a popular form of exercise and meditation. ___36___ (originate) from China's Fujian Province, Tai Chi has a history of over 1,000 years and is deeply rooted in Chinese philosophy and culture. It ___37___ (characterize) by slow, flowing movements that promote balance, ___38___ (flexible), and relaxation.
In recent years, Tai Chi ___39___ (gain) worldwide recognition for its health benefits. Studies have shown that practicing Tai Chi can also be helpful for people ___40___ (reduce) the risk of falls in older adults.
Tai Chi is often practised in groups or classes, ___41___ students learn from a qualified instructor. There are many different styles of Tai Chi, each ___42___ its own unique set of movements and techniques. Beginners are encouraged to start with the most basic movements and ___43___ (gradual) build up their skills and knowledge over time.
___44___ you are looking for a low-impact exercise, a way to reduce stress, or a close connection to Chinese culture, Tai Chi offers something for everyone. With regular practice, you can experience the transformative power of this ancient art form and discover ____45____ deeper sense of balance and harmony in your life.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假如你是李华，你的外国朋友Albert想了解中国高中生对于是否需要开设学生职业生涯规划 (career planning) 课程的想法，请你写一封信给他，内容包括：
1.你的观点
2.你的理由；
3.你的建议。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答
Dear Albert,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
At one time children made May Day baskets to celebrate spring and enjoy the rewards of giving surprising gifts to their beloved ones. When I was in perhaps the third grade, our class took on such an adventure. For several days, we worked on creating paper baskets. We cut colorful stripes of construction paper and wove them together, following our teacher, Miss Anderson. We cut and wove and glued. Then we decorated them with our crayons and more cutting and gluing. Finally, we fitted paper handles onto the tops so that we could secretly hang our creations on the doors of unsuspecting receivers: surely our mothers.
We were finished right on time. Miss Anderson brought armloads of flowers for us to use in stuffing our prizes. Lilacs and tulips and al the colorful flowers of spring. We had to wait until the day was nearly over before we were allowed to choose the flowers that were just right for our baskets. I chose the biggest, most beautiful blossoms, allowing myself to be selfish for the sake of my mother. Then we fidgeted (烦躁) away what remained of our day, waiting for the clock to tick down the minutes to our release.
Finally, mercifully, the bell rang! We threw on our coats, gathered our homework and our lunch boxes, tied on our scarves and then, carefully, we cradled our offerings of love and off we ran to our individual homes! I was so excited! I ran as fast as I could down the hill, across the street, up the block, heading home. I paused at the corner of my house, to catch my breath and savor the moment. Then I glanced down to admire my offering one last time before I hung it lovingly over the doorknob. Horrors! Shock, dread and depression! My flowers were gone! Apparently, bouncing out on my mad dash home, all that was left was a sad, messed-up, wrinkled little empty basket! I stood on the doorway and burst into mournful sobbing tears.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Para 1
By and by, my mom came to the door to discover the source of the sorrow.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Para 2
Soon, my newly-decorated basket was ready to be offered again.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力1-5 CCBAB 6-10CAABC 11-15 BABCA 16-20CABCB

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