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肇庆市2024届高中毕业班第一次教学质量检测
英 语
本试题共10页，考试时间120分钟，满分120分
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生先将自己的信息填写清楚、准确，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码粘贴处。
2.请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效。
3.答题时请按要求用笔，保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不得使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。考试结束后，请将本试题及答题卡交回。
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Do not miss this unique opportunity to participate in Circle U.'s winter course at Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin with co-students from nine universities across Europe!
Key Information
● Dates:24-28 November plus five additional online sessions
● Level/target group:Students from all fields of study
●Costs:School fees are free of charge.Participants will receive support for their travel, accommodation and living costs.
● Application deadline:28 November,2023
How to Apply
Applications are accepted through the Move On website.Along with the application form, please submit your CV and motivation letter,your transcript of records as well as proof of enrollment(注册)at one of the Circle U.universities.
*By 2 October,all applicants will be informed by email about the results of the selection procedure.
Course Description
No matter whether you study art history,agricultural sciences,or something else altogether,the winter school“Climate Change &Policy:How to Transition to a Post-Carbon Future" is for you.Over the course of two weeks—five days of online sessions and five in person—you will take part in interactive lectures,workshops,and panel discussions,all led by famous researchers and policy experts from across Europe.
●Together with Circle U.students,you will not only learn about basic concepts of climate science,but also discover the potential of mitigation(缓解)actions,as well as the dynamics of climate politics.
●In small teams,you will analyze and document examples of the climate impact on your home region,and research sustainability policies at your university.
21.What do we know about the winter course
A.It will last more than two weeks.
B.No school fees are required for it.
C.No limitation is set on application.
D.It's open to students of certain majors.
22.Which of the following should be contained in the application materials
A.Certificate of enrollment.
B.A self-introduction letter.
C.Records of previous activities.
D.School permission documents.
23.What can participants acquire through the course
A.Knowledge about climate trend.
B.Recognition of related course credit.
C.Insights into basics of climate science.
D.Ways of responding to climate policies.
B
“You're fired!”
Andrew wasn't joking.At that moment,the high school junior wanted his personal care attendant,Christy,out of his life forever.He didn't want her to tell him that he didn't need help using the computer and he could write his own term papers.Enough already.
“You're fired!”He said it again for extra emphasis.Christy didn't draw back.She needed this job.Hurricane Katrina had damaged her house.But the retired PE teacher wasn't discouraged.“I'm a tough nut,”she says today.“You know,I've taught middle schools
When Andrew was diagnosed with Asperger's Syndrome(阿斯伯格综合征),at age eight,people told his mom,Cindy,to“get him on the list”for an attendant to provide after- school care.However,it was eight years before they were matched with Christy. Meanwhile, Andrew's family did their best to shelter him from life's hardships.“I worried about him,” Cindy says.“I tended to handle a lot.”
There was a lot to worry about.Could Andrew graduate from high school Live independently Cindy would do anything for her son.Christy saw the problem right away. “Andrew wouldn't take a step without his mother's permission,”Christy remembers.“You have to let him fail,”she told the family.“It's the only way he's going to learn.To be able to do things on his own.”
No longer would Cindy write Andrew's papers for him.Christy wouldn't be helping him with homework either.He complained.Loudly at times.But then things began to change. Andrew would come home from school and start on his homework.He saw that Christy really was there for him.She wouldn't do his papers for him.But she showed him how to get organized. Once his work was done,Christy offered freedom.She'd take him out to eat his favorite food,sushi.
One step at a time,Andrew gained independence.He graduated from high school and entered college.Last spring Andrew moved into his own apartment.At 25,he says life has never been better.
24.What might lead to Andrew's desire to fire Christy
A.His tiredness of learning.
B.His being rid of dependence.
C.Her longing for others' respect.
D.Her prejudice on unhealthy people.
25.What was Cristy's first response to Andrew's threat
A.She felt huge pressure.
B.She begged to stay
C.She reflected deeply.
D.She stayed calm.
26.What can we infer about the purpose of Christy's insisting on her approach
A.To relieve the mother's concerns.
B.To improve Andrew's confidence.
C.To remove Andrew's rooted habits.
D.To cure Andrew's existing disease.
27.Which of the following best describes Christy as a care attendant
A.Demanding but patient.
B.Serious and outgoing.
C.Caring and energetic.
D.Stubborn but cautious.
C
Healthy human skin is covered with bacteria(细菌)that are quick to settle in an open wound. To prevent these organisms from spreading through the body,which can permanently injure or kill a person,the infected wound may need to be cleaned and treated with antibiotics. Medical professionals typically identify infections by unwrapping and observing a wound or by swabbing (用拭子擦拭)it and conducting a laboratory test.But removing a wound dressing can slow down the healing process.Plus,observations are subjective,while swab tests take time and require that a patient be physically present
To address these issues,some research teams are developing devices that sit under bandages and continuously monitor indirect signs of infection,such as changes in wound temperature or acidity.And scientists at the National University of Singapore have now created an even more direct infection sensor.
This sensor can detect an enzyme(酶)called DNase.The enzyme acts as a reliable infection indicator because disease-causing bacteria produce it in large amounts inside wounds,whereas bacteria on healthy skin do not—so testing for the substance reduces the chance of a false positive result.Furthermore,DNase builds up before other infection signs appear. The new alert system,nicknamed the“wireless infection detection on wounds” (WINDOW) sensor,was detailed in Science Advances.
WINDOWs enzyme-sensing parts rely on a material called DNAgel.There searchers developed a particular kind of DNAgel that remains stable in watery environments,such as the human body,but begins to break down in the presence of DNase.They connected this gel(凝胶)to a chip that senses when the gel responds by sending a signal to a smartphone.
Thus far,the team has exposed the DNAgel to wound swabs from 18 people's wounds to see how much the material degraded in the presence of the bacteria.There searchers also used the device on six living lab mice whose wounds were exposed to the same bacterial species, and it successfully detected infections.
28.What is the first paragraph mainly about
A.The harm of common wounds.
B.The treatment of infected wounds.
C.The intervention on wound healing.
D.The dilemma of infection observation.
29.How does the WINDOW sensor detect infections
A.By comparing wound acidity.
B.By detecting the DNase enzyme.
C.By measuring the bacteria amount.
D.By observing changes in wound color.
30.What can we expect of the WINDOW sensor in the future
A.It will cut down the length of infection-treating.
B.It could reduce the cost of infection observation.
C.It can monitor wounds continuously and remotely.
D.It might help conduct laboratory tests on wounds.
31.What can be the best title for the text
A.Innovations in Wound Infection Detection
B.Removing the Dangers of Open Wounds
C.Recognizing the Role of DNase in Healing
D.Challenges in Wound Care and Treatment
D
Riding the bus to school could be keeping some kids out of class.Most school buses run on fuel.Those buses send out pollution,including tiny particles and gases.Bus riders get exposed to high levels of this pollution.When breathed in,it can lead to breathing problems,such as asthma(哮喘),which may keep kids home from school.But replacing the worst-polluting buses should cut down on student absences,a new study shows.
The study focused on schools that were asked to take part in a U.S. government program.The program offered schools cash back for money spent on cleaner school buses.The 2,816 school districts in the new study all asked for the money.But not all got it.Only 383 were picked to receive funding.Winning districts could buy new buses and desert old ones.
The program started in 2012.From 2012 to 2017,the winning districts very likely had less bus pollution.And a year after getting new buses,student attendance had improved in those districts.For an average district of 10,000 students,about six more students attended school each day in the winning districts.Districts that replaced the oldest buses had an average of 45 more students in school each day.
Those numbers may sound small,but they can add up,says Meredith Pedde, an environmental epidemiologist(流行病学家).Almost 3 million U.S.kids ride school buses more than 20 years old,her team figures.Replacing all of those old buses could mean 1.3 million fewer student absences each year,the data suggest.And school attendance matters for student achievement.
Now the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency(EPA)has a new program for school buses. It's offering $5 billion through 2026 to replace old fuel buses with cleaner ones.Almost all U.S.school districts can apply for the new rebates.But schools in low-income areas and in rural areas will get priority.Kids in these areas tend to face the most health risks from old buses,EPA notes.And anything that cuts air pollution,Pedde says,should improve student health.
32.What is the primary reason why riding the bus to school might lead to student absences
A.Serious fuel shortage for school buses.
B.Lack of available seats on school buses.
C.High risk of disease spreading in a bus.
D.High levels of pollution from school buses.
33.What does Meredith Pedde suggest about the impact of replacing old buses
A.It increases health risks for students.
B.It is a costly and ineffective measure.
C.It helps to improve student attendances.
D.It has no significant effect on absences.
34.What does the underline word“rebates”in Paragraph 5 probably refer to
A.Financial aids.
B.School posts.
C.Health benefits.
D.Public resources.
35.What is the purpose of the text
A.To describe the potential risk of school buses.
B.To talk about the use of cleaner school buses.
C.To discuss the importance of decreasing absence.
D.To call on the government to improve school buses.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Since the per-historic times,man has had an urge to satisfy his needs.Be it hunger or shelter,he has always controlled the conditions to the best of his advantages.__36__As we climbed the steps of evolution(进化),we somehow left behind common sense and logical thinking—we forgot that we have stopped thinking ahead of times.
If you are hungry,what do you do Grab a piece of your favorite meal and stay quiet after that Just like your stomach,your mind is hungry.But it never lets you know,because you keep it busy thinking about your dream lover,your favorite star and many such silly things.__37__ When mind looses its freedom to grow,creativity gets a full stop.
__38__Now why reading and not watching TV Because reading has been the most educative tool used by us right from the childhood.Just like that to develop other aspects of our life,we have to turn to reading.Once you read a book,you just don't run your eyes through the lines,but even your mind decodes(解读)it and explains it to you.The interesting part of the book is stored in your mind as a seed.__39__It,if used many times,can help you link and relate a lot of things,of which you would have never thought!
Actually,I had a problem in speaking English fluently,but as I read,I could improve significantly. I am still on the path of improvement to quench(止住)my thirst for satisfaction. So join me and give food for your thoughts by reading,reading and more reading.__40__
A.This is nothing but creativity.
B.Go,grab a book,and let me know.
C.So it silently begins to focus on your needs and never lets itself grow.
D.Hunger of the mind can be actually satisfied through extensive reading.
E.You have numerous books which will answer all your“How to ”questions.
F.Now this seed is unknowingly used by you in your future to develop new ideas.
G.This might be the reason why we humans are the most developed of all living species.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When Aiden asked me to accompany him on a camping trip,I pictured a wooden cabin with a fireplace.Imagine how my 41 image of camping became a nightmare(噩梦)when Aiden and his brother,Lebron,__42__with a truck filled with camping supplies!I did pack a backpack, as instructed,but I had no idea we were going on __43__training!
Lebron,ever so__44__,hurried me to get in so we could leave the noisy city behind us.Ahead,the mountains came into view bigger;the trees were __45__.At least the weather was __ 46 __—cotton candy clouds dotted the deep blue sky.
At the trail-head,Lebron lectured Aiden and me about hiking__47__.The first part of the trail(小路)looked more like a wooded road.__48__ ,the path became narrower and steeper, __49__me to focus on the task at hand.Finally,we reached the top.Mylegs aching,I dropped my pack and groaned(呻吟).“No time to__50__ ,”Lebron said,looking up at the__51__.“We need to set up camp.”
Lebron and Aiden worked__52__,while I stood around and pretended to__53__,thunder rumbling in the distance.Each time lightning lit up the tent,I drew back with fear.And just as __54__as the storm came rushing in,it died down,allowing us to exit the tent.The__55__was superb—I could see for miles.
41.A.dangerous 42.A.set off 43.A.survival 44.A.busy 45.A.larger 46.A.acceptable 47.A.rules 48.A.Now 49.A.leading 50.A.cry 51.A.mountain 52.A.expertly 53.A.complain 54.A.strangely 55.A.camping B.boring B.showed up B.meaningful B.efficient B.greener B.adaptable B.adventures B.Once B.forcing B.rest B.partner B.unwillingly B.relax B.constantly B.rain C.comfortable C.showed off C.demanding C.patient C.clearer C.challenging C.trails C.Thus C.allowing C.celebrate C.sky C.eagerly C.learn C.quickly C.view D.embarrassing D.caught up D.fascinating D.considerate D.older D.amazing D.lovers D.Soon D.encouraging D.escape D.pack D.nervously D.help D.quietly D.experience
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Every time Oksana Chusovitina competes in a gymnastics event,she arrests the spotlight. The Hangzhou Asian Games proved no__56__(except).When the 48-year-oldUzbek gymnast appeared on the scene,thousands of viewers cheered for“Qiu Ma”,__57__ translates into“Mother Chusovitina”.
After completing her vault(跳马),Chusovitina blew a kiss to the audience,__58__ (form) a “heart”gesture with her hands.“It is the love and support of the people __59__keep me going and give me the strength to achieve more,”Chusovitina said.
“I am not very satisfied with my performance tonight,”she added.Chusovitina has__60__ storied history at the Asian Games,having won eight medals.This year,she is targeting a medal in the vault.“I__61__(increase)the difficulty in the final,”she shared.
When her son was diagnosed with leukemia(白血病)in 2002,Chusovitina adopted German__62__(citizen)to compete at global events for a higher income.Her heartfelt affection, “I dare not grow old until you are well,”has resonated(共鸣)with many. After her son's recovery, she continued her gymnastics journey out of love__63__the sport.Though she announced her retirement after the Tokyo Olympics in 2021,she decided to return__64__ (short) after.
“The__65__(big)motivation is my desire.I'm just doing what I love,so why should I stop ”Chusovitina said.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华，你作为杭州亚运会的一名志愿者代表，需要在亚运会组委会安排的工作总结会上发言，请拟一份英语发言稿。内容包括：
1.表示感谢：
2.回顾与分享；
3.临别祝愿。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。When I was a kid in Pennsylvania,my family rehabilitated(使康复)wild animals.
I grew up with animals running around the house.We would go travelling to Bermuda and I would watch the whales off the shore.I fell in love with them and wanted to know more about what they got up to underwater.Now I've been studying whales for more than30 years and I am the president of the Center for Whale Research and Conservation.
In 2017,I was on a boat around Rarotonga in the Cook Islands,working on a film about whale conservation.The crew wanted to get more footage of me in the water with the humpback whales—I often slip in quietly to record their behaviour for research.Seeing a couple of humpbacks in the distance,I slid off the boat wearing a mask and swam towards them.
As I was approaching,one of the male humpbacks came right up to me,touching me with his head and pushing me through the water.It caught me off-guard—in 33 years of doing this work,this had never happened.I put my arm out and tried to push myself away while he attempted to roll up me under his pectoral fin(胸鳍).
My scientist brain was in overdrive as I tried to work out what he was doing.I felt a mixed sense of excitement and fear.Then the whale swam underneath me and lifted me out of the water on his fin.I signaled to the boat,then—swoosh—I was pushed back under.
After minutes of being pushed around by the humpback,I saw what I thought was a second,smaller whale.But then I noticed the tail—whales move theirs up and down,and this one was moving side to side.I realized with horror that it belonged to a huge,18-foot tiger shark.Tiger sharks are known to attack people,sometimes fatally(致命地).
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
肇庆市2024届高中毕业班第一次教学质量检测
答案及评分标准(参考) 英语
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
21～23 BAC 24～27 BDCA 28～31 DBCA 32～35 DCAB
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
36～40 GCDFB
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
41～45 CBABA 46～50 DADBB 51～55 CADCC
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
56.exception 57.which 58.forming 59.that 60.a
61.will increase 62.citizenship 63.for 64.shortly 65.biggest
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
A possible version:
Ladies and gentlemen.
Good afternoon.I am Li Hua,a volunteer at the Hangzhou Asian Games.Id like to express my heartfelt thanks to the Organizing Committee for this amazing opportunity.
Reflecting on my journey,I suppose that it has been a rewarding experience.I had the privilege of assisting athletes,welcoming spectators and working alongside dedicated volunteers.When I helped the athletes,their genuine appreciation left a lasting impression on me.
As we conclude this event,I am filled with hope.My wish is that the spirit of volunteerism and unity will continue to inspire us all and shape a brighter future.
Best wishes
第二节(满分25分)
A possible version:
The shark had arched its body,which meant that it was in attack mode.Panic rose and ran through me as I realized what a situation I was in.I yelled out to the boat,but before I knew it,the whale had positioned me on the front of his head and was gracefully racing through the water.It was terrifying and yet peaceful.Within minutes,the whale had safely returned me to the boat and out of the shark's way.I felt love,concern and care from the whale.I told the whale that I loved him and thanked him as he swam off.With a mixture of relief and gratitude,I returned to the boat,my heart still pounding.Just over a year later,I was on a boat in the same area when I heard of a whale sighting in the harbour.Memories of that astonishing encounter with the humpback whale were still vivid in my mind.I headed there and saw the whale who had protected me.I recognized him from the signs in his tail and the wounded mark on his head.I slid overboard and swam towards him;he approached and looked at me in the eye.I rubbed his face and he extended his pectoral fin.I began to cry.I swam back to the boat and he stayed around for about 20 minutes after I got back on it.It was a lovely reunion!

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