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2024年初中英语二轮专项复习之介词的九类宾语

一、名词或代词作介词宾语
名词或代词作介词宾语是指介词后面所跟的宾语是名词或代词。在英语中，介词宾语通常用于表达动作的对象或者介词所涉及的事物。例如：
I bought a book for my friend.（我为我的朋友买了一本书。）
She is looking for a job.（她正在找工作。）
He is studying for his exam.（他正在为他的考试而学习。）
需要注意的是，当人称代词用作介词宾语时，必须用宾格形式。例如：
She gave me her phone number.（她给了我她的电话号码。）
They are waiting for us.（他们在等我们。）
二、动名词作介词宾语
动名词作介词宾语是指介词后面所跟的宾语是动名词。在英语中，动名词通常用于表达行为或动作，并且可以充当名词、形容词和副词的角色。例如:
He is interested in playing basketball.(他对打篮球很感兴趣。)
She is tired of listening to her boss's lectures.(她受够了听她老板的讲座。)
I am tired of living in this small apartment.(我受够了住在这个狭小的公寓里。)
需要注意的是，当介词与动名词连用时，动名词通常要用其原形形式。例如:
She enjoys swimming in the pool.(她喜欢在游泳池里游泳。)
He is used to working long hours.(他习惯长时间工作。)
三、过去分词作介词宾语
过去分词作介词宾语是指介词后面所跟的宾语是过去分词。在英语中，过去分词通常用于表示完成的动作或状态。例如:
She had finished her homework before she went to bed.(她在上床睡觉前已经完成了她的家庭作业。)
They had been waiting for an hour when the train arrived.(火车到达时，他们已经等了一个小时。)
The window had been broken by the falling tree.(树倒下来时，窗户已经被打破了。)
需要注意的是，当介词与过去分词连用时，过去分词通常要用其原形形式。例如:
She has finished her work for the day.(她已经完成了她今天的工作。)
He was tired after working all night.(他在通宵工作之后感到很累。)
三、从句作介词宾语
从句作介词宾语是指介词后面所跟的宾语是引导词为关系代词（that、which、who、whom）或关系副词（when、where、why）的从句。在英语中，从句通常用于表达更加复杂的句子结构或者补充说明主句的含义。例如:
After dinner, that's when we had the conversation about our future plans.(晚饭后，我们就未来计划进行了谈话。)
She suggested that we go to the beach instead of going to the park.(她建议我们不去公园而是去海滩。)
He told me where he had been on vacation last summer.(他告诉我他去年暑假去了哪里旅行。)
需要注意的是，当介词与从句连用时，从句通常要用其被动语态形式。例如:
After the movie was shown, the audience applauded.(电影放映完后，观众热烈鼓掌。)
The letter was received by him yesterday.(这封信是昨天他收到的。)
四、不定式作介词宾语
不定式作介词宾语是指介词后面所跟的宾语是不定式。在英语中，不定式通常用于表示动作或状态，并且可以充当名词、形容词和副词的角色。例如:
She offered to help me with my homework.(她主动帮助我做作业。)
He enjoys playing sports.(他喜欢运动。)
I am tired of living in this small apartment.(我受够了住在这个狭小的公寓里。)
需要注意的是，当介词与不定式连用时，不定式通常要用其原形形式。例如:
She suggested that we go to the beach instead of going to the park.(她建议我们不去公园而是去海滩。)
He asked if he could join us for dinner.(他问是否能加入我们晚餐。)
五、形容词作介词宾语
形容词作介词宾语是指介词后面所跟的宾语是形容词。在英语中，形容词通常用于修饰名词或代词，并且可以充当名词、副词和介词短语的角色。例如:
The book is interesting.(这本书很有趣。)
She has a beautiful voice.(她的声音很美。)
He is tall and strong.(他身材高大健壮。)
需要注意的是，当介词与形容词连用时，形容词通常要用其原形形式。例如:
I need to buy a new shirt.(我需要买一件新衬衫。)
She is tired of living in this small apartment.(她受够了住在这个狭小的公寓里。)
六、副词作介词宾语
副词作介词宾语是指介词后面所跟的宾语是副词。在英语中，副词通常用于修饰动词、形容词和其他副词，并且可以充当名词、介词短语和副词的角色。例如:
She ran quickly to catch the train.(她快速地跑着去赶火车。)
He is always helpful to his friends.(他总是对他的朋友们很友善。)
I will arrive early for the meeting.(我会提前到达会议现场。)
需要注意的是，当介词与副词连用时，副词通常要用其原形形式。例如:
She suggested that we should go to the beach instead of going to the park.(她建议我们不去公园而是去海滩。)
The letter was received yesterday afternoon.(这封信是昨天下午收到的。)
七、数词作介词宾语
数词作介词宾语是指介词后面所跟的宾语是数词。在英语中，数词通常用于表达数量或顺序，并且可以充当名词、形容词和副词的角色。例如:
She has two cats.(她有两只猫。)
He is the second-most intelligent student in the class.(他是班上第二聪明的学生。)
I will arrive early for the meeting.(我会提前到达会议现场。)
需要注意的是，当介词与数词连用时，数词通常要用其原形形式。例如:
The letter was received yesterday afternoon.(这封信是昨天下午收到的。)
She suggested that we should go to the beach instead of going to the park.(她建议我们不去公园而是去海滩。)
八、介词短语作介词宾语
介词短语作介词宾语是指介词后面所跟的宾语是介词短语。在英语中，介词短语通常用于表达关于时间、地点、方式、原因等的信息。例如:
I will meet her at the park tomorrow.(我会在明天去公园和她见面。)
She enjoys swimming in the pool.(她喜欢在游泳池里游泳。)
He is tired of living in this small apartment.(他受够了住在这个狭小的公寓里。)
需要注意的是，当介词与介词短语连用时，介词短语通常要用其原形形式。例如:
She suggested that we should go to the beach instead of going to the park.(她建议我们不去公园而是去海滩。)
The letter was received yesterday afternoon.(这封信是昨天下午收到的。)
九、复合结构用作介词宾语
复合结构用作介词宾语是指介词后面所跟的宾语是一个由名词、代词、数词、形容词或副词等组成的复合结构。在英语中，复合结构通常用于表达更复杂的句子结构或者补充说明主句的含义。例如:
After dinner, that's when we had the conversation about our future plans.(晚饭后，我们就未来计划进行了谈话。)
She suggested that we go to the beach instead of going to the park.(她建议我们不去公园而是去海滩。)
He asked if he could join us for dinner.(他问是否能加入我们晚餐。)
需要注意的是，当介词与复合结构连用时，复合结构通常要用其被动语态形式。例如:
After the movie was shown, the audience applauded.(电影放映完后，观众热烈鼓掌。)
The letter was received by him yesterday.(这封信是昨天他收到的。)

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