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(共14张PPT)
Period 3 Discovering Useful Structures
Grammar—动词不定式作表语
Discover useful structures
1. Read these sentences and fill in the blanks using the correct words from the text on pages 2 and 3. Discuss with your partner the function of the italicised infinitives.
Perhaps the best _____ to understand Western art is to look at the development of Western painting over the centuries.
During the Middle Ages, the __________ of Western art was to teach people about Christianity.
In this work, Monet’s ________ was to convey the light and movement in the scene ...
________________________ was no longer show reality, but instead to ask the question, “What is art ”
way
purpose
aim
What they attempted to do
Discover useful structures
1. Read these sentences and fill in the blanks using the correct words from the text on pages 2 and 3. Discuss with your partner the function of the italicised infinitives.
主 系 表
…, the best way to understand Western art is to look ...
…, the purpose of Western art was to teach ...
…, Monet's aim was to convey ...
What they attempted to do was ... (to) show ...
Discover useful structures
Grammar Points:
(1 )当句子的主语是不定式时，系动词后可接不定式作表语，用于解释主语所描述的行为或说明该行为带来的结果。例如：
To go there at this hour was to risk one’s life.
To ask him such questions is to irritate him.
类似用法还包括一些格言警句，例如：
To see is to believe.
To hear is to obey.
Discover useful structures
Grammar Points:
(2)当不定式作表语时，能够担当句子主语的名词比较有限，它们大多用于表示某种情形或 状况，包括advice、aim、ambitions、custom、business、desire、difficulty、duty、experience、habit、 happiness、hope, idea、intention、job、method、plan、principle、problem、purpose、reason、risk、 role、task、thing、wish等。例如：
My ambition is to become a scientist.
His habit is to get up early.
有时，根据表达的需要，在作表语的不定式前，还可添加疑问代词或疑问副词，包括what、 who、how、when、where等。例如：
The problem was how to begin.
Discover useful structures
Grammar Points:
(3) 当主语包含定语从句且其先行词为代词all或形容词最高级形式the least、the most时，其后可接“系动词+不定式”作句子的表语。例如：
All he wanted was to be left alone.
The least I can expect is to have this day all to myself.
(4) 当不定式作表语时，句子的主语还可以是what引导的主语从句。例如：
What I want to do now is (to) have a rest.
Discover useful structures
2. Match the sentence halves and underline the nouns or clauses used as the subject in each sentence. Explain the meanings of the complete sentences.
The young singer's intention of performing the song was
The best way to do business is
What the survivors attempted to do was
The main purpose of art education in schools is
The aim of the two leaders at the conference was
For a humble person, one of the hardest things might be
When you are faced with a serious decision, my suggestion is
The mother believes her duty is
All he wanted after a tiring day was
to build trust between you and your client.
to achieve permanent peace between their two countries.
to build a memorial to the heroes who saved their lives.
to share his love for rock music with his fans
to be left alone.
to criticise other people.
to inspire students to be creative.
to listen to your own inner voice.
to raise her son to become a man with a noble mind and a generous heart.
Discover useful structures
3. Work in pairs. Make conversations using the following questions and sentence patterns.
What’s your biggest dream/ambition in life
How are you going to make your dream come true
How are you going to achieve your goal
Do you have any plans
What might be difficult for you
How are you going to deal with…
My biggest dream/ambition in life is to ...
I think all I have to do is ...
My plan is to ...
I think one of the hardest things might be ...
My plan is to ...
I guess the best way to … is …
Discover useful structures
3. Work in pairs. Make conversations using the following questions and sentence patterns.
Sample Conversation:
T: Hi, Alice. What's your biggest dream in life
S: Well, my biggest dream in life is to ...
T: It sounds great. How are you going to make your dream come true
S: I think all I have to do is ...
Practice makes perfect
1.You know，my goal is ___________ (lose) 150 pounds in the coming year.
2.Listen！The sound seems ________________ (come) from the jungle.
3.The boy was _____________ (blame) for what he had done.
4.One of the most damaging things a parent could do was ___________ (punish) their children for poor marks.
5.The purpose of education is _____________ (develop) a fine personality in children.
6.One of his latest projects has been ___________ (make) plants glow (发光) in experiments using some common vegetables.(2020·全国卷Ⅰ阅读D)
7.You appear ___________________ (travel) to quite a lot of places around the world.
8.While regularly eating out seems to ________________ (become) common for many young people in recent years，it’s not without a cost. (2018·浙江卷语法填空)
9.Another way to hide a message is _________ (use) symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.
10.The only thing that interests him is _____________ (dance).
to lose
to be coming
to blame
to punish
to develop
to make
to have travelled
have become
to use
dancing
Practice makes perfect
1.You must keep it in mind that your work is ____________________.
你必须牢记你的工作就是为人民服务。
2.What he hoped ______________________________________.
他希望能被这所大学录取。
3.One of the most effective ways to reduce stress is ___________________________________________________.
减轻压力最有效的方法之一就是跟你信任的人谈谈你的情感。
4.The most important thing about vlogging is _____________________.
拍摄视频博客最重要的一点在于讲一个好故事。
serving the people
was to be admitted into the university
to talk about your feelings with someone you trust
to tell a good story
Practice makes perfect
5.The next step ________________ what is required.
下一步是要弄清楚需要的是什么。
6.The ultimate goal of the research is ___________________________________________.
这项研究的最终目的是防止人们患这种病。
7.I gradually understand what we all need is ___________________________________.
我渐渐明白我们需要做的是多为顾客考虑。
8.The most important thing is ______________________________________________________.
最重要的事情是和他们就工厂的未来进行谈判。
is to make sure
to prevent people from getting the disease
to think more about customers
to negotiate with them about the future of the plant
Practice makes perfect
Adam Braun established the organization Pencils of Promise in 2008. Its goal is 1. ____________ (make) sure all children have a chance for education.
It all started when he was a college student. Adam Braun was visiting India when 2. _____ girl stopped him on the street and asked for money. He asked her what she desired 3. ____________ (much) of all in the world. Astonishingly，her answer was “a pencil”. The girl had never been to school before，and that was the 4. ____________ (real) for 57 million children around the world.
After graduation，Adam Braun never forgot the girl and the problem of 5. ____________ (her).
to make
hers
a
reality
most
Practice makes perfect
“We live in a world in which every single child can have access 6. _____ quality education. So I was determined to create schools in other places 7. ________ children are hungry for education.” Adam Braun began to raise money for his project through social media.
“We are working hard to make sure that the program is not just beautiful photos and videos of children，but that we’re 8. __________ (actual) seeing amazing results in the classroom. That’s why our 9. ______ (kid) in Pencils of Promise schools progress fast from one grade to the next,” Braun said.
Since then，it 10. ___________ (help) more than 22，000 children in Africa，Asia and Latin America.
to
has helped
where
kids
actually

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