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高考3500高频词汇讲解4
1、anxiety n.
一、变形：复数： anxieties
二、词义：焦虑，忧虑； 切望，渴望； 令人焦虑的事； 挂念
He has exhibited symptoms of anxiety and overwhelming worry.
他表现出焦躁不安和过度忧虑的症状。
Many editorials express their anxieties about the economic chaos in the country.
许多社论对该国经济的混乱状况表示忧虑。
三、派生词
anxious adj. 焦虑的；担忧的；渴望的；急切的
[比较级 more anxious 最高级 most anxious ]
词组：
1、anxious about 为……担心；对……着急
So I’m not feeling anxious about anything I “have to” do.
所以我不对任何“不得不”去做的事情感到焦虑。
2、anxious for 为…而焦虑
Do not be anxious for things and not harm you have to know that you have now is you have an urgent want.
不要为渴望得到没有东西而伤害你所拥有的，要知道你现在拥有的正是你曾迫切想得到的。
四、同义词辨析
anxiety, worry 这些名词均含"焦虑，关心"之意。
anxiety : 指对预料中的不祥之事的焦虑。
worry : 侧重对未知事态演变的忧虑。
2、anniversary n./adj.
一、词义：
1. n. 复数： anniversaries 周年纪念日
Next year will be the 60th(序数词) anniversary of the repeal of Prohibition.
明年将是禁酒令废除60周年。
adj. 周年的； 周年纪念的； 年年的； 每年的
I sang for them at their 60th wedding anniversary party.
我在他们的结婚60周年纪念聚会上为他们高歌。
3、argument n.
一、变形：复数： arguments
二、词义：
1）理由；论据；论点
There's a strong argument for lowering the price.
有充分理由要求降低价格。
2）讨论；辩论
The issue has caused heated political argument.
这个问题已经引发了激烈的政治争论。
3）争论；争执；争吵
Anny described how she got into an argument with one of the marchers.
安妮描述了她是如何与其中一位游行者发生争执的。
三、派生词
argue vi./vt.
1. argue with 争论；和…争吵
2. argue about/over 争论；议论某事
He was arguing with the king about (over) the need to maintain the cavalry at full strength.
他在和国王讨论保留骑兵全部兵力的必要性。
4、opinion n. 复数： opinions
1）意见；看法；主张；见解
I wasn't asking for your opinion, Dick.
我并不是在征求你的意见，迪克。
in sb's opinion
在某人看来
The book is, in Henry's opinion, the best book on the subject.
在亨利看来，这本书是关于该主题的最佳之作。
2）（对某人的）评价，印象
a favourable opinion of sb./sth. …的好印象
That improved Mrs. Goole's already favourable opinion of him.
那更提高了古尔太太对他原有的好评。
5、principle n. 复数： principles
1）道德原则；行为准则；操守
moral principles 道德准则
Buck never allowed himself to be bullied into doing anything that went against his principles.
巴克从来不会因为受到威胁而做违背自己原则的事情。
2）法则；原则；原理
The doctrine was based on three fundamental principles.
这个学说建立在三条基本原理之上。
3) 大体上；基本上
I agree with it in principle but I doubt if it will happen in practice.
我大体上同意这一点，但是怀疑它是否能够付诸实践。
词组：
on principle 按原则地：根据或因为行为准则
I accept the suggestion on principle.
根据原则，我接受这些建议。
6、purpose n./vt.
1. n. 复数： purposes
1) 目标；目的
His purpose was to make a profit by improving the company's performance.
他的目标是通过提高公司的业绩来实现盈利。
词组：
A. the purpose of sth./doing sth. …的目的
The purpose of (holding) the meeting was to discuss the committee's report.
会议的目的是讨论委员会的报告。
B. on purpose 故意地；有意地
This is an adjective which means being concealed on purpose or something other than what can be seen.
这是一个形容词这意味着被隐藏的目的，或以外的其他什么可以看出。
2) 意义；用途
Various insurance schemes already exist for this purpose.
已经有各种保险计划可以实现这一目的。
2.vt. 过去式： purposed 过去分词： purposed 现在分词： purposing 第三人称单数： purposes
He purposed at some point to arrive at the Social Club.
他打算什么时候去社交俱乐部转转。
派生词：purposeful 有目的的；有决心的
She had a purposeful air, and it became evident that this was not a casual visit.
她一副志在必得的样子，显然这不是一次随意造访。
7、celebrate v. celebrated celebrated celebrating celebrates
vt. 祝贺
His victory was celebrated with music and dancing.
人们载歌载舞祝贺他的胜利。
vi. 庆祝
I was in a mood to celebrate.
我想庆祝一下。
celebrate with sb. for sth.
But I want to celebrate with you for your success. 我想要跟你一起庆祝！
派生词：
celebration n. 庆典,庆祝会
I can tell you, there was a celebration in our house that night.
跟你说吧，那天晚上我们在家里搞了个庆祝活动。
celebrated adj. 著名的；有名望的
He was soon one of the most celebrated young painters in England.
他很快就跻身于英国最著名的青年画家行列。
8、gift n./vt.
n. 1) 礼物；礼品
They believed the unborn child was a gift from God.
他们认为腹中的孩子是上帝赐予的礼物。
2) 天赋；天才；才能
Her grandmother had the gift of making people happy.
她奶奶有逗人开心的本事。
v. 赠送
to gift sth to sb.= to gift sb sth
赠送某人某物
I suggest he simply gifts the flat to his daughter.=I suggest he simply gifts his daughter the flat.
我建议他直接把公寓赠送给他女儿得了。
派生词：gifted adj.有天赋的；有才华的
Sun Yang is one of the most gifted players in the world.
孙杨世界上最有天赋的运动员之一。
9、cycle n./vi./vt.
1)n. 循环；周而复始
They must break out of the cycle of violence.
他们必须打破暴力循环。
2)周期
Women have a monthly cycle of temperature variation.
女性有一个体温变化的月周期。
3) 自行车；三轮车
He got back on his cycle and sped home.
他踏着自行车快速奔向家去。
vi. 骑自行车；骑三轮车
Over 1,000 riders cycled 100 miles around the Vale of York.
一千多人围着约克谷地骑行了100英里。
vt.使轮转；使循环
He cycled to Beijing.
他骑车去了北京。
10、fool n./vt.vi./adj.
n. 愚人，傻瓜 复数： fools
People always think I'm a fool, and I dare say they're right.
人们总认为我是个傻瓜，想必他们是对的。
vt. 愚弄，欺骗fooled fooled fooling fools
Art dealers fool a lot of people.
艺术经纪人能欺骗很多人。
vi. 说笑话；开玩笑
fool about 游手好闲；闲荡；干蠢事
The monitor told his classmates not to fool about in the classroom while they should be reviewing their lessons.
班长叫同学们在应当复习功课的时候不要在教室里胡闹。
adj. 傻的;愚蠢的
What can that fool guard be thinking of
那个愚蠢的守卫能想什么？
11、invite vt./n.
vt. 1)邀请
I invited her for a coffee.
我邀请她喝了杯咖啡。
2) 请求，要求
to invite sb to do sth
请求某人做某事；要求某人做某事
Managers will be invited to apply for a management buy-out.
经理们将被请求申请管理层收购。
n. 邀请；请帖
They haven't got an invite to the wedding.
他们没有收到婚礼请帖。
invitation 复数： invitations
1)邀请
The Syrians have not yet accepted an invitation to attend.
叙利亚人还没有接到出席邀请。
2) 诱因;招致…的行为
Don't leave your shopping on the back seat of your car — it's an open invitation to a thief.
别把买的东西放在汽车后座上——那会招来小偷的。
12、occasional
adj. 偶尔的，不经常的；特殊场合的；临时的
She had occasional bouts of chest pain.
她偶尔会感到胸痛。
派生词：occasionally
occasion 复数：occasions
n.机会，时机； 场合； 理由； 需要
词组：
on the occasion of sth 在某重要事件的时刻
The photo was taken on the occasion of her marriage.
这张照片是她结婚的时候拍的。
vt. occasioned occasioned occasioning occasions（尤指偶然地或意外地）引起，招致
He argued that the release of hostages should not occasion a change in policy.
他辩称，人质的释放不应引起政策的改变。
13、dormitory n./adj.
n. 复数： dormitories (寄宿学校等的)大寝室，集体寝室
The latest refugees were housed in makeshift dormitories.
新来的难民被安置在临时的集体寝室里。
adj. (在大城市工作者居住的)邻镇住宅区的，郊外住宅区的
It had become almost a dormitory suburb of the city.
它几乎成为了城市的一个市郊住宅区。
dorm=dormitory
14、author n./vt.
n. 著者；作者
She's a famous author.
她是知名作家。
vt. 写作；创作 authored authored authoring authors
Then he opened a restaurant, authored a book, and landed his own radio show.
后来他开了个餐馆，写了本书，还制作了自己的广播节目。
派生词：
authorship n.（书等的）原创作者，来源；作者的身份；著述业
authoress n.女作家，女作者
15、quality n./adj.
n. 复数： qualities
1）质量；品质；水准
of good/poor quality 质量好/坏的
2）（尤指好的）品质，品德
She's got lots of good qualities.
她有很多优秀的品质。
adj. 内容严肃的（报纸）
Even the quality papers agreed that it was a triumph.
即使是内容严肃的报纸也认为这是一次胜利。
qualified adj. 可胜任的；称职的；合适的
The parents did not seem particularly well qualified to cope with the crying child.
这对父母看上去对哭闹的孩子不太应付得来。
词组：
1、be qualified for sth 能够胜任某事；适合做某事
Why do you think you are qualified for this job
你为什么认为你有资格做这个职位
2、be qualified to do sth 有能力做某事；适合做某事
Who will I be qualified to teach
我拿到证书后有资格教谁？
16、gas n./vt.vi.
n. 复数： gases
1) 气体燃料；天然气；煤气
Coal is actually cheaper than gas.
煤实际上比煤气便宜。
2)（车辆用的）汽油
a tank of gas
一桶汽油
vt. gassed gassed gassing gasses 给…加汽油
She gassed her car.
她给车加油了。
vi. 空谈；闲聊；吹牛
I listened as he gassed nonstop.
我听着他滔滔不绝地吹牛。
派生词：gasify v.气化，成为气体
Rice husk with ash contents above 20% is difficult to gasify.
水稻20％以上灰分含量的壳很难气化。
17、advantage n./vi.vt.
n. 复数： advantages
1) 有利条件；有利因素；优势
They are deliberately flouting the law in order to obtain an advantage over their competitors.
他们为了和竞争对手抢夺先机而公然无视法律。
2) 占…的便宜；欺骗；捉弄
took advantage of 占某人的便宜；利用某人
She took advantage of him even after they were divorced.
甚至在他们离婚后，她还在占他的便宜。
an advantage over sb./sth. 与…相比的优势
They are deliberately flouting the law in order to obtain an advantage over their competitors.
为了在与对手的竞争中占据上风，他们公然藐视法律。
disadvantage 复数： disadvantages
n.不利，劣势，短处； 损失；
词组：
1. at a disadvantage 处于不利境地
Pupils with poor memories were at a disadvantage.
记忆力不好的孩子处于劣势。
2. to sb's disadvantage对某人不利
A snap election would be to their disadvantage.
提前选举会对他们不利。
18、economy n. 复数： economies
1)经济
an agricultural economy
农业经济
2) 节约措施；省钱办法
His flat was small, for reasons of economy.
为了省钱，他住在一间小公寓里。
词组：to make economies 精打细算
They will make economies by hiring fewer part-time workers.
他们将通过减少雇用兼职工人来节省开支。
economical adj. 经济的;省钱的
It is more economical to wash a full load.
满缸洗衣更经济。
economic adj.经济的；经济学的
The pace of economic growth is picking up.
经济增长的步伐正在加快。
同义词辨析：
econmic, economical, financial 这些形容词均含有"经济的"之意。
econmic : 指与political"政治的"相对而言的"经济的"。
economical : 指与"节约"同义的"经济"，含"节约，不浪费"之意。
financial : 指"财务的，金钱的，财政的，财力的"。
19、comfort n./vt.
n. 复数： comforts
1）舒适;舒服
This will enable the audience to sit in comfort while watching the shows.
这样能够让观众舒舒服服地坐着看表演。
2）安慰;慰藉
He will be able to take some comfort from inflation figures due on Friday.
预定星期五发布的通货膨胀数字将会给他一些宽慰。
vt. 安慰;抚慰
Ned put his arm around her, trying to comfort her.
内德搂着她，想安慰她。
comfortable adj.
1）舒适的；安逸的
Trainers are so comfortable to wear.
运动鞋穿起来真舒适。
2）自在的；放心的；不紧张的
to be comfortable about sth | to be comfortable with sth对…很放心；对…感到舒服
Nervous politicians might well feel more comfortable with/about a step-by-step approach.
神经脆弱的政治家当然更希望采用按部就班的做法。

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