资源简介

深圳市福田区外国语高级中学2023-2024学年度第一学期
高二年级期中考试
英语学科试题
答题注意事项：
1. 本试卷满分150分;考试用时120分钟;
2. 不按要求答卷不得分。
一、基础知识题(每题1. 5分，满分60分)
在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. Having finished a string of things, he cracks a smile and is in the mood ______ (walk) on the lawn.(所给词的适当形式填空)
2. To our ______(amuse), the clown’s curly wig suddenly fell off. (所给词的适当形式填空)
3. Under ______ influence of the team captain, he learned how to cooperate, and seized the gold medal in the final.
4. This night, streets are ______ (crowd) with a lot of people. (所给词的适当形式填空)
5. I always associate the scene ______ the freezing weather and a muddy road. (用适当的词填空)
6. The composer wasn’t informed ______ the decision until it was too late. (用适当的词填空)
7. No matter how they frighten us, we will never give in ______ the association. (用适当的词填空)
8. The folk tale was passed ______ among the generations. (用适当的词填空)
9. It was the first time that I ______ (read) a book about how humans evolved. (所给词的适当形式填空)
10. Lily got full marks in answering the complicated problem, which was a ______ (delight) result. (所给词的适当形式填空)
11. The girl disgraced herself by behaving that way at the party and everyone kept her ______ a distance. (用适当的词填空)
12. Andrew behaved so badly on the school trip that he was sent home ______ disgrace. (用适当的词填空)
13. The young doctor amused himself ______ the books about health care while studying in the university. (用适当的词填空)
14. ______ (concentrate) on their research, the scientists didn’t sleep for a whole night. (所给词的适当形式填空)
15. Most children need encouragement in the face of failure so that they can cheer ________ again. (用适当的词填空)
16. I think it no use ______ (quarrel) with him about whether the cooperation with the association is needed. (所给词的适当形式填空)
17. Now our new school is three times ______ (large) than what it was ten years ago. (所给词的适当形式填空)
18. His courage and perseverance carried him ______ the difficulties as well as sharpened his skills. (用适当的词填空)
19. Take Beijing ______ example, it is one of the oldest cities in the world. (用适当的词填空)
20. “But I have cheated my grandmother,” said the girl, tears of guilt ______ (flow) down her cheeks. (所给词的适当形式填空)
21. To be serious, you’ll wear yourself out if you carry on ______ (work) so hard. (所给词的适当形式填空)
22. Our newspaper is an ______ (influence) newspaper in this city, because it can have a great influence on local people. (所给词的适当形式填空)
23. The art show was far ______ being a failure; it was a great success. (用适当的词填空)
24. The traditional crosstalk has a long history, ______ (date) back to the Qin Dynasty. (所给词的适当形式填空)
25. If he ______ (take) my advice, he would have passed the driving test. (所给词适当形式填空)
26. The instant the old gardener appeared, all the girls picking flowers ran ______ all directions and soon disappeared. (用适当的词填空)
27. People in the earthquake-stricken area are grateful ______ the generous contributions offered by the people from all over the country. (用适当的词填空)
28. You might end up ______ (elect) chairman of the association if you play your cards right. (所给词的适当形式填空)
29. He inspired me ______ (seize) the opportunity to know about my opponent. (所给词的适当形式填空)
30. The Internet is a worldwide network of computers ______ (link) by cables and satellites. (所给词的适当形式填空)
31. As is known to all, ________ takes more than good looks to succeed as an actor. (用适当的词填空)
32. What is your response to ______ (批评) of the brand new school (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
33. When it comes ___________ speaking in public, no one can match him. (用适当的词填空)
34. We walked into the circus and saw a clown ______ (hold) a box. (所给词的适当形式填空)
35. When she heard that her father ______ (die) in the accident, she burst out crying. (所给词的适当形式填空)
36. He told them _______ for arriving late again. (用适当的词填空)
37. The girl with curly hair lost her badge, ________ annoyed her much. (用适当的词填空)
38. When ______（visit）another country, you should be aware of those differences and respect them. (所给词的适当形式填空）
39. The girl was less ________ (enthusiasm) about going to Spain. (所给词的适当形式填空)
40. The piano takes up so much room, so we had better get it ______ (remove) soon. (所给词的适当形式填空)
二、阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Awesome Achievement Your college graduation Fills us with love and pride. We always knew that you could do Whatever you really tried. It’s a long and challenging journey To get a college degree, But you wouldn’t quit it, you just went and did it, And we’re beaming affectionately. Your achievement is awesome, my kid; You’ve worked hard and you’ve passed the test. We love you so, and we want you to know, We think you’re the very best! By Joanna _______________________ Mom, from the time I was really young, I realized I had someone… you, who always protected me, who was always there for me no matter what. You taught me to do the right thing, even when it was hard to do. You took care of me when I was sick, and your love helped make me well. You had rules, and I learned that when I obeyed them, my life was simpler, better, richer. You were and are the guiding light of my life. My heart is filled with love for you, my teacher, my friend, my mother. By Karl
41. Where are the two poems taken from
A. A website for school curricula (课程).
B. A website for kids reading.
C. A website for advice.
D A website for learning tips.
42. What does Joanna show in her poem
A. Her great pride in her son’s graduation.
B. Her gratitude to her mom after her graduation.
C. Her son’s happiness in passing the final exams.
D. Her joy in the hard and challenging journey.
43. Which of the following can be the best title for Karl’s work
A. My Guiding Light. B. When I Was Young.
C. No Matter What. D. The Rules to Follow.
B
If art preserves the culture of the Crow people, then Crow women are the keepers of that culture, cultivating it to reflect the modem day.
Fashion designer Bethany Yellowtail grew up riding horses and running in the fields and swimming in the river and being around her people in the Crow Nation and Northern Cheyenne Indian reservations in southeastern Montana. She knows first-hand the importance of art to maintaining native traditions. In 2015 she turned that knowledge into her own brand: B. Yellowtail. A year later, she created the B. Yellowtail Collective, made up of native artists, to foster economic opportunities for their communities. Many of those artists are women from different tribes but all of them preserve their culture and move it forward through their medium of choice.
Yellowtail and her team work for the native-owned business that’s rooted in community. Artists within the Collective typically receive 70% of profit from retail sales, and for a portion of the pandemic (流行病) the brand has upped that to 100%. The extra money has, of course, increased artists’ income in the past year, but the relationship is interdependent: without the work of those artists, B. Yellowtail wouldn’t exist and native culture would feel the loss.
Dewanda Little Coyote is Yellowtail’s mother. Family is deeply important to their tribe. So is art, which often runs in the family — and along the matriarchal (母系的) side. Little Coyote picked up her entrepreneurial spirit from her parents, who owned a gift shop. “My parents said, ‘If you have hands, create something. Do something, and make a living off of that,’” she said. After her parents passed away, the artist began learning beading (串珠) earrings herself. Dentalium, a tusk shell often used in native jewelry, caught her eye in particular. “I love it, because back in the day, our Cheyenne women wore a lot of dentalium,” she said. “So I wanted to give a contemporary look to that — to what our ancestors wore.”
Yellowtail herself learned sewing from her aunts and grandmothers before moving to Los Angeles in 2007 to study fashion design. Now, native women support native women — and matriarchal art evolves.
44. Why did Bethany Yellowtail set up B. Yellowtail
A. To make their culture continue. B. To become rich as soon as possible.
C. To reflect the modem fashions. D. To inspire more women to work.
45. What can we learn from the third paragraph
A. Native-owned businesses make money more easily.
B. The profit from the Collective has fallen sharply.
C. Local artists love to work in their community.
D. Artists, income is related to the development of native culture.
46. Why is Dewanda Little Coyote mentioned in the text
A. To prove she loves her daughter deeply.
B. To show how native culture is handed down.
C. To praise her efforts to help the young.
D. To appeal to more women to join in jewelry design.
47. What kind of person is Bethany Yellowtail
A. Humorous, modest and cooperative. B. Traditional, cautious and outgoing.
C. Independent, competitive and creative. D. Creative, determined and selfless.
C
When faced with the decision to get out of bed or have a few more minutes of sleep, which do you choose Believe it or not, that decision could make a world of difference in the rest of your day.
When faced with the decision to get out of bed or have a few more minutes of sleep, which do you choose Believe it or not, that decision could make a world of difference in the rest of your day.
About 85 percent of Americans use an alarm clock to wake up in the mornings, according to sleep researcher Till Roennenber. And while there are no official numbers on snoozing (打盹), a quick survey of social media makes it clear that hitting the snooze button is a popular pastime.
As to how the snooze button will affect your day, scientists have mixed opinions. Some scientists think people who hit the snooze button in the mornings are actually clever, creative and happy while some said that hitting the snooze button will ruin your life, or at the very least your day. "I feel that hitting the snooze button has got to be one of the worst things that ever happened to human sleep,” researcher Jonathan Horowitz said. "The chances of you ‘snoozing’ and actually experiencing a meaningful rest are close to zero.”
According to some sleep experts, when hitting the snooze button，you are in fact confusing your body and mind, and throwing yourself into a deep state of being sleepy. The body needs some time to wake up, so, when returning to what will be a light sleep for a brief period of time, you are putting your body back into a sleep mode before waking it again. At that point your body won’t know what it wants, resulting in a sort of half awaken state.
If you really want to take advantage of an alarm clock, the key is to form a healthy sleep cycle. Focus your efforts on getting enough sleep each night and waking up at the same time each day so that when your alarm goes off you feel rested.
48. What can we infer about hitting the snooze button from Paragraph 2
A. People do it just for fun. B. It is a common practice.
C. People take it seriously. D. It is a bit childish.
49. What do some sleep experts think of hitting the snooze button
A. It is meaningful in the long term.
B. It makes people become lazy.
C. It brings us a sense of satisfaction.
D. It affects our body and mind.
50. What’s the author’s suggestion on getting the best out of alarms
A. Forming a good sleep habit. B. Trying to relax ourselves.
C. Making use of willpower. D. Using an extra alarm.
51. What is the best title for the text
A. Ways to keep refreshed in the morning.
B. The snooze button and people's character.
C Should you rely on the snooze button
D. How to avoid the light sleep mode
D
From the engine in your car to the CPU in your laptop, mechanical systems tend to heat up when they’re working harder. Now new research has revealed that the same can be said of the brain -and it runs hotter than was previously thought.
This isn’t a sign of malfunctioning though, researchers think, and may actually be evidence that the brain is operating healthily. Unusual heat signatures could potentially be used in the future to look for signs of brain damage or disorder.
“To me, the most surprising finding from our study is that the healthy human brain can reach temperatures that would be diagnosed as fever anywhere else in the body,” says biologist John O’Neill from the Medical Research Council (MRC) Laboratory of Molecular Biology in the UK. “Such high temperatures have been measured in people with brain injuries in the past, but had been assumed to result from the injury.”
Previously those measurements taken from people with brain injuries had been the primary insight scientists had into brain temperatures which isn’t the same as capturing the state of the brain during everyday life.
Here, the team used a technique called magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS)-measuring chemical patterns through magnetic fields to measure brain temperature in 40healthy volunteers, aged from 20 to 40 years old. What’s more, they combined this information with data on circadian rhythms (生理节奏) and time of day.
The average brain temperature was38. 5℃ (101.3F) the researchers found, more than2degrees higher than under the tongue. The highest brain temperature recorded was40. 9℃(105. 6℃). Daily variations averaged around1℃(1.8F), with the outer parts of the brain generally cooler.
“We found that brain temperature drops at night before you go to sleep and rises during the day, “says O’Neill. “There is good reason to believe this daily variation is associated with long-term brain health—something we hope to investigate next.”
52. What does the underlined word “malfunctioning” in paragraph 2 mean？
A. Having different functions. B. Failing to work correctly.
C. Heating up while working. D. Operating in high temperatures.
53. What surprises John O’Neill most in the study according to paragraph 3？
A. Brain injuries usually lead to high temperatures.
B. High temperatures are the signs of brain damage.
C. Healthy human brains can be infected with a fever.
D. Human brains have higher temperatures than bodies.
54. What is paragraph 5 mainly about？
A. What result the research led to.
B. How the research was conducted.
C. How the research differed from the previous ones.
D. What influence the research had on the volunteers.
55. What may the researchers work on next according to the last paragraph？
A. The drop of brain temperature at night.
B. The rise of brain temperature at dawn.
C. The relationship between temperature changes and brain health.
D. The different causes of the daily variation in brain temperatures.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Einstein’s Opinions on Creative Thinking
“The greatest scientists are artists as well,” said Albert Einstein, one of the greatest physicists and an amateur pianist and violinist.
For Einstein, insight did not come from logic or mathematics. ____56____ “All great achievements of science must start from intuitive (直觉的) knowledge. Imagination is more important than knowledge.”
____57____ Surprisingly, it wasn’t the content of an idea, or its subject, that determined whether something was art or science, but how the idea was expressed. If what is seen and experienced is described in the language of logic, then it is science. If it is communicated and recognized intuitively, then it is art. ____58____ That’s why he said that great scientists were also artists.
____59____ “If I were not a physicist,” he once said, “I would probably be a musician. I often think in music and I see my life in terms of music. I get most joy in life out of music.” Music provided Einstein with a connection between time and space, which both combine spatial (空间的) and structural aspects. “The theory of relativity occurred to me by intuition and music is the driving force behind this intuition,” said Einstein. “My parents had me study the violin from the time I was six. ____60____”
A. But how did art differ from science for Einstein
B. Instead, it came from intrusion (直觉) and inspiration.
C. My new discovery is the result of musical insight.
D. There is no doubt that my theory was a great breakthrough then.
E Einstein himself worked intuitively and expressed himself logically.
F. Einstein also owed his scientific insight and intuition mainly to music.
G. For Einstein, it was the humanities that mainly contributed to his achievements.
三、语言运用(共两节，满分25分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The stage lights dimmed (变昏暗), and I took a quick look from behind the heavy black curtains into the audience. Blinded by the lights, I quickly ___61___. It seems that a great number of eyes were looking at me. I took a deep ___62___ as the music of my dance began to play. I entered the stage and began my ___63___, the graduation test of the classical Indian dance.
After a decade of learning, I was finally ready to take on the most difficult act. The test is the most important ___64___ in a dancer’s life as it pays respect to all the factors in one’s life that ___65___ the dance form: one’s culture and family.
The performance is undertaken only by the most ___66___ and determined students. It is a difficult process that requires much ___67___. For more than six months, I spent two to three hours every day ___68___ these dances. Many times, I ___69___ myself to my physical and mental breaking point, but still I would not stop. I could not give up. There was always so much more to do and so much more to ____70____
I discovered a lot about myself in those tiring hours. I learned that I was far too stubborn to give up, and I was too proud to prove myself wrong after I had set an unrealistic goal. Even with physical pain and mental stress, I forced myself to meet my ____71____. Even when I was at the end of my limit, there was always something ____72____ me on, forcing me not to give up.
Fortunately, I made it. What I had done ____73____ the success. It was in those hours that I learned what a dancer ____74____ is. Those time was evidence that I could achieve something I ____75____ out to do.
61. A. pulled back B. set off C. reached out D. broke away
62. A. sleep B. thought C. breath D. sorrow
63. A. career B. understanding C. response D. performance
64. A. routine B. lesson C. accident D. event
65. A. develop B. purchase C. introduce D. promote
66. A. focused B. beautiful C. intelligent D. considerate
67. A. talent B. strength C. devotion D. cooperation
68. A. recording B. practicing C. discussing D. designing
69. A. applied B. addicted C. treated D. pushed
70. A. forget B. design C. learn D. research
71. A. explanation B. expectation C. expense D. impression
72. A. driving B. competing C. benefiting D. representing
73. A. increased B. deserved C. expanded D. exposed
74. A. completely B. mainly C. truly D. distantly
75. A. put B. carry C. turn D. set
第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It is _____76_____(common) known that the emission (排放) of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases causes great effect on our planet. To control climate change, great efforts _____77_____ (make) across the world in the past few decades. In 1978, China began _____78_____ national-level forestation project -the Three North Shelterbelt Forest Program, also _____79_____ (know) as the “Great Green Wall”. The program has seen trees planted in 13 provinces and autonomous regions of northern China to act _____80_____ windbreaks (防风林). The Kubuqi Desert in Inner Mongolia has also set a good example to those _____81_____(struggle) against desertification (沙漠化). Now about 33% of the Kubugi Desert is covered with trees and bushes.
In September, China set new goals _____82_____ (deal) with the problem, aiming to have carbon dioxide emissions peak before 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality (碳中和) before 2060. Carbon neutrality _____83_____ (refer) to achieving zero carbon dioxide emissions. If China’s goal is achieved, it will lower _____84_____ (globe) warming by around 0. 2 to 0. 3℃ alone, according to Climate Action Tracker (CAT). It is the biggest single reduction _____85_____has been estimated by CAT.
四、读后续写(满分15分)
86. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was Christmas Eve. The small local train was almost empty. It was snowing very hard outside. Suddenly the train stopped and everyone wondered what was wrong.
Then the train conductor walked through the train. “I am very sorry,” he said to everyone. “The snow is too bad. We can’t go forward and we can’t go back. We have to stay here until the snow stops. And then someone will come and move the snow off the train tracks.”
“How long will we be here ” asked Melanie. “We have to get to Leeds by8: 30 pm to catch our train to Manchester.”
“I don’t know,” said the conductor. “But it is7: 30 pm now. I’m sorry. I don’t think we will get to Leeds in time.”
Melanie wanted to cry. When she married Craig in July, they moved to a small village in the Yorkshire Dales. She loved Craig very much, but life in the village was very quiet. She had not made any friends and she missed her family. She had not seen them since the wedding. She wanted to be with her family at Christmas.
Craig put his arms around Melanie. “It will be OK,” he said. “You will see your family tomorrow. The conductor was talking to a family with two children at the back of the railway carriage. The children were crying loudly. “But we have to be at Grandma and Grandad’s! We wrote letters to Santa. We told him we would be in Leeds on Christmas night！He won’t know where to find us. We won’t get any presents!”
Everyone was very unhappy. Everyone was talking loudly. They were shouting at the train conductor.
Then an old man stood up and said, “Everyone! Please calm down. I used to work on this railway line and know this kind of weather very well. I think we will be here until tomorrow morning, or maybe longer. So we must make our own Christmas Eve party. I have a bottle of whisky, a Christmas present for my brother. But I think I will share it with you.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
“I have Christmas pies and a bottle of my homemade orange drink,” said the mother of the children.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The morning came with a lovely surprise to the children.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________深圳市福田区外国语高级中学2023-2024学年度第一学期
高二年级期中考试
英语学科试题
答题注意事项：
1. 本试卷满分150分;考试用时120分钟;
2. 不按要求答卷不得分。
一、基础知识题(每题1. 5分，满分60分)
在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. Having finished a string of things, he cracks a smile and is in the mood ______ (walk) on the lawn.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to walk
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：做完一连串的事情后，他笑了笑，心情很好，想在草坪上散步。根据空格前的in the mood可知，此处用提示词的动词不定式作后置定语构成固定短语in the mood to do sth表示“有心情作某事”。故填to walk。
2. To our ______(amuse), the clown’s curly wig suddenly fell off. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】amusement
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：让我们感到好笑的是，小丑卷曲的假发突然掉了下来。分析可知，“our”为形容词性物主代词，作定语修饰名词，因此所填应是名词，作介词“To”的宾语。“amuse”，动词，意为“娱乐，使发笑”，其名词形式为“amusement(欢乐，愉悦)”。故填amusement。
3. Under ______ influence of the team captain, he learned how to cooperate, and seized the gold medal in the final.
【答案】the
【解析】
【详解】考查冠词。句意：在队长的影响下，他学会了如何配合，并在决赛中夺得金牌。根据空后的名词influence可知，空处需要冠词。under the influence of“在……的影响下”。故填the。
4. This night, streets are ______ (crowd) with a lot of people. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】crowded
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：今天晚上，街道上挤满了人。固定短语：be crowded with“挤满……”，故填crowded。
5. I always associate the scene ______ the freezing weather and a muddy road. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】with
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我总是把这一幕与寒冷的天气和泥泞的道路联系在一起。固定搭配associate...with...“与……相联系”。故填with。
6. The composer wasn’t informed ______ the decision until it was too late. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】of
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：直到为时已晚，作曲家才得知这个决定。inform sb. of sth.“通知某人某事”。本句话用了被动语态，所以该短语变为sb. be informed of...。故填of。
7. No matter how they frighten us, we will never give in ______ the association. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】to
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：不管他们怎样恐吓我们，我们决不向协会屈服。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语give in to“向……屈服”，满足句意要求。故填to。
8. The folk tale was passed ______ among the generations. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】down
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：这个民间故事代代相传。固定短语pass down“把……一代传一代”。故填down。
9. It was the first time that I ______ (read) a book about how humans evolved. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】had read
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：这是我第一次读到关于人类进化的书。本题考查固定句型“It was the first time that+主语+过去完成时态”，意为“某人第一次做了某事”。故填had read。
10. Lily got full marks in answering the complicated problem, which was a ______ (delight) result. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】delightful
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。Lily在回答这道复杂的题目中得了满分，这是一个令人高兴的结果。设空处在which引导的非限制性定语从句中作定语，修饰名词result，形容词delightful“使人快乐的，令人愉快的”符合句意。故填delightful。
11. The girl disgraced herself by behaving that way at the party and everyone kept her ______ a distance. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】at
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：这个女孩在聚会上那样做使自己丢脸，大家都和她保持距离。keep sb. at a distance“与某人保持距离”。故填at。
12. Andrew behaved so badly on the school trip that he was sent home ______ disgrace. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】in
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：安德鲁在学校的旅行中表现得很糟糕，他被不光彩地送回家了。in disgrace是固定短语，意为“不光彩地”，在句中作状语，符合语境。故填in。
13. The young doctor amused himself ______ the books about health care while studying in the university. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】with
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：这位年轻的医生在大学学习期间，阅读有关医疗保健的书籍自娱自乐。amuse oneself with sth.“用某物自娱自乐”。故填with。
14. ______ (concentrate) on their research, the scientists didn’t sleep for a whole night. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Concentrating
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：科学家们聚精会神地进行研究，一夜没合眼。分析句子成分可知，本句谓语动词为“didn’t sleep”，且无连词，故提示词应为非谓语动词，且和逻辑主语“the scientists”之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式作状语。故填Concentrating。
15. Most children need encouragement in the face of failure so that they can cheer ________ again. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】up
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：大多数孩子在面对失败时需要鼓励，这样他们才能重新振作起来。结合句意表示“振作起来”可知短语为cheer up，故填up。
16. I think it no use ______ (quarrel) with him about whether the cooperation with the association is needed. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】quarreling
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我认为和他争论是否需要和协会合作是没有用的。分析句子可知，it是形式宾语， “(quarrel) with him...”是真正的宾语，quarrel是非谓语形式，用动名词quarreling作宾语。故填quarreling。
17. Now our new school is three times ______ (large) than what it was ten years ago. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】larger
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词的比较级。句意：现在我们的新学校比十年前大三倍。根据空格前的three times和空格后的than可知，此处用形容词的比较级构成英语中的倍数表达法：A+倍数+形容词或副词的比较级+than+B表示“A比B大（长、宽、高）多少倍”。故填larger。
18. His courage and perseverance carried him ______ the difficulties as well as sharpened his skills. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】through
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：他的勇气和毅力使他克服了困难，也提高了他的技能。固定搭配carry sb. through...“使某人渡过疾病/困难时期/难关”。故填through。
19. Take Beijing ______ example, it is one of the oldest cities in the world. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】for
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：以北京为例，它是世界上最古老的城市之一。根据上文的take和下文的example可知，此处用介词for构成固定搭配take for example表示“以……为例”。故答案为for。
20. “But I have cheated my grandmother,” said the girl, tears of guilt ______ (flow) down her cheeks. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】flowing
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：“但是我欺骗了我的祖母，”女孩说，内疚的泪水顺着她的脸颊流下来。分析句子，句中tears与flow之间是主动关系，构成独立主格结构。故使用现在分词。故填flowing。
21. To be serious, you’ll wear yourself out if you carry on ______ (work) so hard. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】working
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：说真的，如果你继续这么努力，你会累坏的。carry on doing sth.意为“继续做某事”，故本题on后使用work“工作”的动名词形式working，作宾语。故填working。
22. Our newspaper is an ______ (influence) newspaper in this city, because it can have a great influence on local people. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】influential
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们的报纸在这个城市是有影响力的报纸，因为它对当地人有很大的影响。分析句式结构可知，此处修饰名词newspaper，应该用形容词influential“有影响力的”，作定语。故填influential。
23. The art show was far ______ being a failure; it was a great success. (用适当词填空)
【答案】from
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：这次艺术展远非失败；这是一个巨大的成功。根据空格前的far可知，此处用介词for构成固定短语far from表示“远非、远离”。故填from。
24. The traditional crosstalk has a long history, ______ (date) back to the Qin Dynasty. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】dating
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：传统的相声有着悠久的历史，可以追溯到秦朝。分析句子可知，“(date) back to the Qin Dynasty”在句中作状语，动词短语date back to用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语The traditional crosstalk之间是主动关系，用现在分词。故填dating。
25. If he ______ (take) my advice, he would have passed the driving test. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】had taken
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：地震灾区人民感谢全国人民的慷慨捐助。分析句子结构可知，本句话使用了if引导的虚拟条件句，空处为从句的谓语动词。根据主句中的“would have passed”可知，本句话是和过去事实相反的情况，所以从句中用过去完成时态。故填had taken。
26. The instant the old gardener appeared, all the girls picking flowers ran ______ all directions and soon disappeared. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】in
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：老园丁一出现，所有采花的女孩都向四面八方跑去，很快就消失了。名词direction与介词in搭配，意为“向……方向”，短语in all directions意为“向四面八方，四处”，符合句意。故填in。
27. People in the earthquake-stricken area are grateful ______ the generous contributions offered by the people from all over the country. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】for
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：地震灾区人民感谢全国人民的慷慨捐助。be grateful for“对……很感激”。故填for。
28. You might end up ______ (elect) chairman of the association if you play your cards right. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】being elected
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你处理得当，你最终可能会被选为协会主席。end up doing sth.为固定用法，意为“最终以做某事而结束，最终成为”；句子主语You与动词elect“选举；推选”之间为被动关系，设空处填动词elect动名词的被动形式being elected表被动。故填being elected。
29. He inspired me ______ (seize) the opportunity to know about my opponent. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to seize
【解析】
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：他激励我抓住机会去了解我的对手。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语inspire sb to do“激励某人做某事”，所以此处为动词不定式形式作宾语补足语。故填to seize。
30. The Internet is a worldwide network of computers ______ (link) by cables and satellites. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】linked
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：互联网是一个由电缆和卫星连接的全球计算机网络。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，空处为非谓语动词作定语。该动词和被修饰的名词之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填linked。
31. As is known to all, ________ takes more than good looks to succeed as an actor. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】it
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型以及it作形式主语。句意：众所周知，要成为一名成功的演员，需要的不仅仅是漂亮的外表。句子结构分析可知，此句为句型“It takes ... to do sth.(做某事需要……)”，句中It作形式主语，不定式短语作真正主语，设空处应填it。故填it。
32. What is your response to ______ (批评) of the brand new school (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】criticism
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：你如何回应对这所全新学校的批评 “批评”在句中作宾语，用名词criticism，抽象名词不可数。故填criticism。
33. When it comes ___________ speaking in public, no one can match him. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】to
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：当谈到在公众场合演讲，没人能与他相比。when it comes to 是固定句型，表示“当谈到……”，其中to是介词，故填to。
34. We walked into the circus and saw a clown ______ (hold) a box. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】holding
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们走进马戏团，看见一个小丑拿着一个箱子。根据句意，应为固定搭配see sb doing sth“看到某人正在做某事”，其中doing为现在分词作宾语补足语，与宾语之间为逻辑上的主动关系。故填holding。
【点睛】
35. When she heard that her father ______ (die) in the accident, she burst out crying. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】had died
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当她听说她父亲在事故中丧生时，她突然大哭起来。本句是that引导的宾语从句，die作从句的谓语，根据heard可知，此处是描述过去的过去发生的事，应用过去完成时。故填had died。
36. He told them _______ for arriving late again. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】sorry
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：他对他们再次迟到表示歉意。根据下文“for arriving late again”可知，他对于再次迟到表示歉意。tell sb. sorry for“为某事表示歉意”。故填sorry。
37. The girl with curly hair lost her badge, ________ annoyed her much. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】which
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那个卷发女孩丢了徽章，这让她很恼火。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限定性定语从句，关系代词指代前面一整个句子，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。
38. When ______（visit）another country, you should be aware of those differences and respect them. (所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】visiting
【解析】
【详解】考查现在分词。句意：当你访问另一个国家时，你应该意识到这些差异并尊重它们。本句已有谓语should be aware of ，When 　　①　　　（visit）another country不是句子，此处用非谓语形式，主语you和动词visit是主谓关系，应用现在分词（doing）表主动，作时间状语，非谓语动词前可用连词when表明确的时间关系。故填visiting。
39. The girl was less ________ (enthusiasm) about going to Spain. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】enthusiastic
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这个女孩对去西班牙不太热心。空格处用形容词作表语，enthusiasm的形容词是enthusiastic，意为“热情的”，和前面的less构成比较级，故填enthusiastic。
40. The piano takes up so much room, so we had better get it ______ (remove) soon. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】removed
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这架钢琴占了这么大的地方，我们最好赶快把它搬走。设空处在句中作宾语补足语，宾语it指代“The piano ”，与动词remove之间为被动关系，设空处应填remove的过去分词removed表被动。故填removed。
二、阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Awesome Achievement Your college graduation Fills us with love and pride. We always knew that you could do Whatever you really tried. It’s a long and challenging journey To get a college degree, But you wouldn’t quit it, you just went and did it, And we’re beaming affectionately. Your achievement is awesome, my kid; You’ve worked hard and you’ve passed the test. We love you so and we want you to know, We think you’re the very best! By Joanna _______________________ Mom, from the time I was really young, I realized I had someone… you, who always protected me, who was always there for me no matter what. You taught me to do the right thing, even when it was hard to do. You took care of me when I was sick, and your love helped make me well. You had rules, and I learned that when I obeyed them, my life was simpler, better, richer. You were and are the guiding light of my life. My heart is filled with love for you, my teacher, my friend, my mother. By Karl
41. Where are the two poems taken from
A. A website for school curricula (课程).
B. A website for kids reading.
C. A website for advice.
D. A website for learning tips.
42. What does Joanna show in her poem
A. Her great pride in her son’s graduation.
B. Her gratitude to her mom after her graduation.
C. Her son’s happiness in passing the final exams.
D. Her joy in the hard and challenging journey.
43. Which of the following can be the best title for Karl’s work
A My Guiding Light. B. When I Was Young.
C. No Matter What. D. The Rules to Follow.
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了两首诗歌的内容。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一首诗的“Your achievement is awesome, my kid(孩子，你的成就太了不起了)”和第二首诗里的“My heart is filled with love for you, my teacher, my friend, my mother.(我的心充满了对你的爱，我的老师，我的朋友，我的母亲。)”可知，这两首诗都是写给儿童读的，因此这两首诗出自于一个儿童阅读网站。故选B。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一首诗中第一节诗句“Your college graduation(你的大学毕业)”、第三节诗句“To get a college degree(为了获得大学学位)”和第四节诗句“Your achievement is awesome, my kid(孩子，你的成就太了不起了)”可知，乔安娜在她的诗中表现了她对儿子的毕业深感自豪。故选A。
【43题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二首诗中的“You were and are the guiding light of my life.My heart is filled with love for you, my teacher, my friend, my mother.(你过去是现在也是我生命的指路明灯。我的心充满了对你的爱，我的老师，我的朋友，我的母亲。)”可知，第二首诗表达了孩子对母亲的感激之情，孩子将母亲比作“my guiding light(指路明灯)”，因此它可以作为本诗的标题。故选A。
B
If art preserves the culture of the Crow people, then Crow women are the keepers of that culture, cultivating it to reflect the modem day.
Fashion designer Bethany Yellowtail grew up riding horses and running in the fields and swimming in the river and being around her people in the Crow Nation and Northern Cheyenne Indian reservations in southeastern Montana. She knows first-hand the importance of art to maintaining native traditions. In 2015 she turned that knowledge into her own brand: B. Yellowtail. A year later, she created the B. Yellowtail Collective, made up of native artists, to foster economic opportunities for their communities. Many of those artists are women from different tribes but all of them preserve their culture and move it forward through their medium of choice.
Yellowtail and her team work for the native-owned business that’s rooted in community. Artists within the Collective typically receive 70% of profit from retail sales, and for a portion of the pandemic (流行病) the brand has upped that to 100%. The extra money has, of course, increased artists’ income in the past year, but the relationship is interdependent: without the work of those artists, B. Yellowtail wouldn’t exist and native culture would feel the loss.
Dewanda Little Coyote is Yellowtail’s mother. Family is deeply important to their tribe. So is art, which often runs in the family — and along the matriarchal (母系的) side. Little Coyote picked up her entrepreneurial spirit from her parents, who owned a gift shop. “My parents said, ‘If you have hands, create something. Do something, and make a living off of that,’” she said. After her parents passed away, the artist began learning beading (串珠) earrings herself. Dentalium, a tusk shell often used in native jewelry, caught her eye in particular. “I love it, because back in the day, our Cheyenne women wore a lot of dentalium,” she said. “So I wanted to give a contemporary look to that — to what our ancestors wore.”
Yellowtail herself learned sewing from her aunts and grandmothers before moving to Los Angeles in 2007 to study fashion design. Now, native women support native women — and matriarchal art evolves.
44. Why did Bethany Yellowtail set up B. Yellowtail
A. To make their culture continue. B. To become rich as soon as possible.
C. To reflect the modem fashions. D. To inspire more women to work.
45. What can we learn from the third paragraph
A. Native-owned businesses make money more easily.
B. The profit from the Collective has fallen sharply.
C. Local artists love to work in their community.
D. Artists, income is related to the development of native culture.
46. Why is Dewanda Little Coyote mentioned in the text
A. To prove she loves her daughter deeply.
B. To show how native culture is handed down.
C. To praise her efforts to help the young.
D. To appeal to more women to join in jewelry design.
47. What kind of person is Bethany Yellowtail
A. Humorous, modest and cooperative. B. Traditional, cautious and outgoing.
C. Independent, competitive and creative. D. Creative, determined and selfless.
【答案】44. A 45. D 46. B 47. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。克罗部落(Crow Nation)是美国蒙大拿州的印第安部落，年轻的设计师Bethany Yellowtail在这里长大，她为了传承本土文化做出了很多努力。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“She knows first-hand the importance of art to maintaining native traditions. In 2015 she turned that knowledge into her own brand: B. Yellowtail.(她亲身体会到艺术对于保持本土传统的重要性。2015年，她将这些知识转化为自己的品牌：B. Yellowtail)”可知，Bethany Yellowtail成立B. Yellowtail是为了让他们的文化延续下去。故选A。
【45题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The extra money has, of course, increased artists’ income in the past year, but the relationship is interdependent: without the work of those artists, B. Yellowtail wouldn’t exist and native culture would feel the loss.(当然，这些额外的收入增加了艺术家们在过去一年的收入，但这种关系是相互依存的：没有这些艺术家的作品，B. Yellowtail就不会存在，本土文化也会感到损失)”可知，艺术家的收入与本土文化的发展息息相关。故选D。
【46题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“Dewanda Little Coyote is Yellowtail’s mother. Family is deeply important to their tribe. So is art, which often runs in the family — and along the matriarchal side.(Dewanda Little Coyote是Yellowtail的妈妈。家庭对他们的部落非常重要。艺术也是如此，它通常在家族中传承——沿着母系家族的一边)”可推知，在文中提到Dewanda Little Coyote是为了来展示本土文化是如何传承的。故选B。
【47题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“In 2015 she turned that knowledge into her own brand: B. Yellowtail.(2015年，她将这些知识转化为自己的品牌：B. Yellowtail)”可知，她是一位时尚设计师并且创立了自己的品牌，说明她是一个有创意的人；根据第二段的“A year later, she created the B. Yellowtail Collective, made up of native artists, to foster economic opportunities for their communities. Many of those artists are women from different tribes but all of them preserve their culture and move it forward through their medium of choice.(一年后，她创建了由本土艺术家组成的B. Yellowtail Collective，为他们的社区创造经济机会。这些艺术家中有许多是来自不同部落的女性，但她们都保留了自己的文化，并通过自己选择的媒介将其发扬光大)”可知，她为了传承本土文化创立了品牌，并聘用当地艺术家来延续本土文化，说明她是一个有决心的人；根据第三段的“The extra money has, of course, increased artists’ income in the past year, but the relationship is interdependent: without the work of those artists, B. Yellowtail wouldn’t exist and native culture would feel the loss.(当然，这些额外的收入增加了艺术家们在过去一年的收入，但这种关系是相互依存的:没有这些艺术家的作品，B. Yellowtail就不会存在，本土文化也会感到损失)”可知，她所做的一切并不是为了自己，而是为了文化的传承，这说明她是一个无私的人。故选D。
C
When faced with the decision to get out of bed or have a few more minutes of sleep, which do you choose Believe it or not, that decision could make a world of difference in the rest of your day.
When faced with the decision to get out of bed or have a few more minutes of sleep, which do you choose Believe it or not, that decision could make a world of difference in the rest of your day.
About 85 percent of Americans use an alarm clock to wake up in the mornings, according to sleep researcher Till Roennenber. And while there are no official numbers on snoozing (打盹), a quick survey of social media makes it clear that hitting the snooze button is a popular pastime.
As to how the snooze button will affect your day, scientists have mixed opinions. Some scientists think people who hit the snooze button in the mornings are actually clever, creative and happy while some said that hitting the snooze button will ruin your life, or at the very least your day. "I feel that hitting the snooze button has got to be one of the worst things that ever happened to human sleep,” researcher Jonathan Horowitz said. "The chances of you ‘snoozing’ and actually experiencing a meaningful rest are close to zero.”
According to some sleep experts, when hitting the snooze button，you are in fact confusing your body and mind, and throwing yourself into a deep state of being sleepy. The body needs some time to wake up, so, when returning to what will be a light sleep for a brief period of time, you are putting your body back into a sleep mode before waking it again. At that point your body won’t know what it wants, resulting in a sort of half awaken state.
If you really want to take advantage of an alarm clock, the key is to form a healthy sleep cycle. Focus your efforts on getting enough sleep each night and waking up at the same time each day so that when your alarm goes off you feel rested.
48. What can we infer about hitting the snooze button from Paragraph 2
A. People do it just for fun. B. It is a common practice.
C. People take it seriously. D. It is a bit childish.
49. What do some sleep experts think of hitting the snooze button
A. It is meaningful in the long term.
B. It makes people become lazy.
C. It brings us a sense of satisfaction.
D. It affects our body and mind.
50. What’s the author’s suggestion on getting the best out of alarms
A. Forming a good sleep habit. B. Trying to relax ourselves.
C. Making use of willpower. D. Using an extra alarm.
51. What is the best title for the text
A. Ways to keep refreshed in the morning.
B. The snooze button and people's character.
C. Should you rely on the snooze button
D. How to avoid the light sleep mode
【答案】48. B 49. D 50. A 51. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。很多人习惯于早上设置闹钟，并在闹钟响起后再睡一会儿，文章讲述了这种做法的坏处，并给出了科学的作息方案。
【48题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“And while there are no official numbers on snoozing (打盹), a quick survey of social media makes it clear that hitting the snooze button is a popular pastime.”可知，根据社交媒体上的小调查，按下小睡按钮是很多人都有的习惯，与B选项含义一致。故选B项。
【49题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“According to some sleep experts, when hitting the snooze button，you are in fact confusing your body and mind, and throwing yourself into a deep state of being sleepy.”可知，在一些睡眠专家看来，起床后小睡会迷惑身体和大脑，D选项“它会影响身体和大脑”含义一致。故选D项。
【50题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“If you really want to take advantage of an alarm clock, the key is to form a healthy sleep cycle.”可知，作者给出的利用好闹钟的建议是，养成健康的睡眠周期，与A选项“养成良好的睡眠习惯”含义一致。故选A项。
【51题详解】
主旨大意题。总览全文，主要围绕“snooze button”展开，文章先是引出了起床后小睡这种现象，继而引用专家和研究人员的观点指出其弊端所在，最后作者给出了合理的建议，C选项“你应该依赖小睡按钮吗？”切合主题，适合作为标题。故选C项。
【点睛】阅读理解中主旨大意题是重难点题型之一，其中标题判断是较为常见的一个类型，要求在阅读并理解表面文字的基础上做出判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意思和深层意思，也就是通过文章中的文字信息，上下逻辑关系及事物的发展变化等推断出作者索要表达的态度观点。为了能找出符合题意的一项，我们必须排除干扰项，一般干扰项包括以下几种类型：1.夸大事实型——对于原文中的细节或论断的某方面程度进行了夸大处理；2.无中生有型——捏造原文并不存在的信息；3.推理过头型——引申过度，使得结论过于绝对化。第4小题对于标题的判断中，A选项“早晨保持清醒的办法”，B选项“小睡按钮和人们的性格”，D选项“如何避免浅睡模式”都不能如实准确反映文章主题，由此也可以确定正确答案。
D
From the engine in your car to the CPU in your laptop, mechanical systems tend to heat up when they’re working harder. Now new research has revealed that the same can be said of the brain -and it runs hotter than was previously thought.
This isn’t a sign of malfunctioning though, researchers think, and may actually be evidence that the brain is operating healthily. Unusual heat signatures could potentially be used in the future to look for signs of brain damage or disorder.
“To me, the most surprising finding from our study is that the healthy human brain can reach temperatures that would be diagnosed as fever anywhere else in the body,” says biologist John O’Neill from the Medical Research Council (MRC) Laboratory of Molecular Biology in the UK. “Such high temperatures have been measured in people with brain injuries in the past, but had been assumed to result from the injury.”
Previously, those measurements taken from people with brain injuries had been the primary insight scientists had into brain temperatures which isn’t the same as capturing the state of the brain during everyday life.
Here, the team used a technique called magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS)-measuring chemical patterns through magnetic fields to measure brain temperature in 40healthy volunteers, aged from 20 to 40 years old. What’s more, they combined this information with data on circadian rhythms (生理节奏) and time of day.
The average brain temperature was38. 5℃ (101.3F) the researchers found, more than2degrees higher than under the tongue. The highest brain temperature recorded was40. 9℃(105. 6℃). Daily variations averaged around1℃(1.8F), with the outer parts of the brain generally cooler.
“We found that brain temperature drops at night before you go to sleep and rises during the day, “says O’Neill. “There is good reason to believe this daily variation is associated with long-term brain health—something we hope to investigate next.”
52. What does the underlined word “malfunctioning” in paragraph 2 mean？
A. Having different functions. B. Failing to work correctly.
C. Heating up while working. D. Operating in high temperatures.
53. What surprises John O’Neill most in the study according to paragraph 3？
A. Brain injuries usually lead to high temperatures.
B. High temperatures are the signs of brain damage.
C. Healthy human brains can be infected with a fever.
D. Human brains have higher temperatures than bodies.
54. What is paragraph 5 mainly about？
A. What result the research led to.
B. How the research was conducted.
C. How the research differed from the previous ones.
D. What influence the research had on the volunteers.
55. What may the researchers work on next according to the last paragraph？
A. The drop of brain temperature at night.
B. The rise of brain temperature at dawn.
C. The relationship between temperature changes and brain health.
D. The different causes of the daily variation in brain temperatures.
【答案】52. B 53. D 54. B 55. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。现在，一项新的研究表明，大脑的运行温度比之前想象的要高。这并不是功能故障的迹象，实际上可能是大脑健康运行的证据。文章介绍了研究开展的过程和方式。
【52题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段画线词后文“researchers think, and may actually be evidence that the brain is operating healthily(研究人员认为，这也可能是大脑健康运行的证据)”可知，研究人员认为，这并不是大脑工作不正常的迹象，实际上可能是大脑健康运行的证据。故画线词意思是“工作不正常”。故选B。
【53题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段““To me, the most surprising finding from our study is that the healthy human brain can reach temperatures that would be diagnosed as fever anywhere else in the body,” says biologist John O’Neill from the Medical Research Council (MRC) Laboratory of Molecular Biology in the UK.(英国医学研究委员会分子生物学实验室的生物学家约翰·奥尼尔说：“对我来说， 我们的研究中最令人惊讶的发现是，健康人的大脑可以达到被诊断为身体其他地方发烧的温度。”)”可知，最让他惊讶地是健康人脑可以达到比身体更高的温度。故选D。
【54题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第五段“Here, the team used a technique called magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS)-measuring chemical patterns through magnetic fields to measure brain temperature in 40healthy volunteers, aged from 20 to 40 years old. What’s more, they combined this information with data on circadian rhythms (生理节奏) and time of day.(在这里，研究小组使用了一种叫做磁共振波谱学(MRS)的技术——通过磁场测量化学模式来测量40名年龄在20到40岁之间的健康志愿者的大脑温度。更重要的是，他们将这些信息与昼夜节律和时间的数据结合起来)”可知，该段讲述的是实验是如何进行的。故选B。
【55题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“There is good reason to believe this daily variation is associated with long-term brain health—something we hope to investigate next.(我们有充分的理由相信这种日常变化与长期的大脑健康有关——这是我们希望下一步研究的内容)”可知，研究人员下一步会研究温度变化与大脑健康之间的关系。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Einstein’s Opinions on Creative Thinking
“The greatest scientists are artists as well,” said Albert Einstein, one of the greatest physicists and an amateur pianist and violinist.
For Einstein, insight did not come from logic or mathematics. ____56____ “All great achievements of science must start from intuitive (直觉的) knowledge. Imagination is more important than knowledge.”
____57____ Surprisingly, it wasn’t the content of an idea, or its subject, that determined whether something was art or science, but how the idea was expressed. If what is seen and experienced is described in the language of logic, then it is science. If it is communicated and recognized intuitively, then it is art. ____58____ That’s why he said that great scientists were also artists.
____59____ “If I were not a physicist,” he once said, “I would probably be a musician. I often think in music and I see my life in terms of music. I get most joy in life out of music.” Music provided Einstein with a connection between time and space, which both combine spatial (空间的) and structural aspects. “The theory of relativity occurred to me by intuition and music is the driving force behind this intuition,” said Einstein. “My parents had me study the violin from the time I was six. ____60____”
A. But how did art differ from science for Einstein
B. Instead, it came from intrusion (直觉) and inspiration.
C. My new discovery is the result of musical insight.
D. There is no doubt that my theory was a great breakthrough then.
E. Einstein himself worked intuitively and expressed himself logically.
F. Einstein also owed his scientific insight and intuition mainly to music.
G. For Einstein, it was the humanities that mainly contributed to his achievements.
【答案】56. B 57. A 58. E 59. F 60. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了爱因斯坦关于创造性思维的观点。
【56题详解】
上文“For Einstein, insight did not come from logic or mathematics. (对爱因斯坦来说，洞察力并非来自逻辑或数学)”并结合后文““All great achievements of science must start from intuitive (直觉的) knowledge. Imagination is more important than knowledge.”(“一切伟大的科学成就都必须从直觉知识开始。想象力比知识更重要。”)”可知，空处顺接前文，说明爱因斯坦认为洞察力应来自于直觉。B项“相反，它来自直觉和灵感。”符合语境。故选B。
【57题详解】
下文“Surprisingly, it wasn’t the content of an idea, or its subject, that determined whether something was art or science, but how the idea was expressed. (令人惊讶的是，决定某件事是艺术还是科学的不是一个想法的内容或主题，而是这个想法是如何表达的)”说明决定某件事是艺术还是科学是根据想法是如何表达的。空处引出了下文关于艺术和科学的区别的论述。A项中“art differ from science”和下文的“whether something was art or science”相呼应，而A项的这个问题“但对爱因斯坦来说，艺术和科学有何不同？”正好引出本段的主题。故选A。
【58题详解】
上文“If what is seen and experienced is described in the language of logic, then it is science. If it is communicated and recognized intuitively, then it is art.(如果所看到和经历是用逻辑的语言描述的，那么这就是科学。如果它被直观地传达和识别，那么它就是艺术)”说明艺术和科学的不同。空处顺接上文，和下文形成因果关系。E项中的“worked intuitively and expressed himself logically” 和上文“看到和经历的是用逻辑的语言描述的就是科学，它被直观地传达和识别，那么它就是艺术”相呼应，表明爱因斯坦本人凭直觉工作，用逻辑表达自己，也是下文他被称为伟大的科学家也是艺术家的原因。故选E。
【59题详解】
下文““If I were not a physicist,” he once said, “I would probably be a musician. I often think in music and I see my life in terms of music. I get most joy in life out of music.”(“如果我不是一名物理学家，”他曾说，“我可能会成为一名音乐家。我经常在音乐中思考，我从音乐中看待我的生活。我的生活中最快乐的部分来自音乐。”)”说明音乐对爱因斯坦帮助很大。F项“爱因斯坦的科学洞察力和直觉主要归功于音乐。”适合做本段的主旨句。故选F。
【60题详解】
上文““The theory of relativity occurred to me by intuition and music is the driving force behind this intuition,” said Einstein. (爱因斯坦说：“相对论是我凭直觉产生的，音乐是这种直觉背后的驱动力。”)”说明音乐对他的工作产生的积极影响。空处承接上文，说明了爱因斯坦是靠音乐才有了新发现，而且和本段音乐对他的帮助的主题相符合。C项“我的新发现是音乐洞察力的结果。”符合语境。故选C。
三、语言运用(共两节，满分25分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The stage lights dimmed (变昏暗), and I took a quick look from behind the heavy black curtains into the audience. Blinded by the lights, I quickly ___61___. It seems that a great number of eyes were looking at me. I took a deep ___62___ as the music of my dance began to play. I entered the stage and began my ___63___, the graduation test of the classical Indian dance.
After a decade of learning, I was finally ready to take on the most difficult act. The test is the most important ___64___ in a dancer’s life as it pays respect to all the factors in one’s life that ___65___ the dance form: one’s culture and family.
The performance is undertaken only by the most ___66___ and determined students. It is a difficult process that requires much ___67___. For more than six months, I spent two to three hours every day ___68___ these dances. Many times, I ___69___ myself to my physical and mental breaking point, but still I would not stop. I could not give up. There was always so much more to do and so much more to ____70____
I discovered a lot about myself in those tiring hours. I learned that I was far too stubborn to give up, and I was too proud to prove myself wrong after I had set an unrealistic goal. Even with physical pain and mental stress, I forced myself to meet my ____71____. Even when I was at the end of my limit, there was always something ____72____ me on, forcing me not to give up.
Fortunately, I made it. What I had done ____73____ the success. It was in those hours that I learned what a dancer ____74____ is. Those time was evidence that I could achieve something I ____75____ out to do.
61. A. pulled back B. set off C. reached out D. broke away
62. A. sleep B. thought C. breath D. sorrow
63. A. career B. understanding C. response D. performance
64. A. routine B. lesson C. accident D. event
65. A. develop B. purchase C. introduce D. promote
66. A. focused B. beautiful C. intelligent D. considerate
67. A. talent B. strength C. devotion D. cooperation
68. A. recording B. practicing C. discussing D. designing
69. A. applied B. addicted C. treated D. pushed
70. A. forget B. design C. learn D. research
71. A. explanation B. expectation C. expense D. impression
72. A. driving B. competing C. benefiting D. representing
73. A. increased B. deserved C. expanded D. exposed
74. A. completely B. mainly C. truly D. distantly
75. A. put B. carry C. turn D. set
【答案】61. C 62. C 63. D 64. D 65. A 66. A 67. C 68. B 69. D 70. C 71. B 72. A 73. B 74. C 75. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要叙述了作者从小开始学习印度古典舞蹈，十年之后参加舞蹈毕业考试。成功之后，作者对以前的学习过程进行了反思。作者认为只有最专注、最有毅力的学生，承受身心的压力才能获得成功，也知道了什么是真正的舞者。
【61题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我被灯光照得睁不开眼，赶紧伸出手来。A. pulled back撤回；B. set off出发；C. reached out伸出；D. broke away脱离。根据上文“Blinded by the lights”可知，灯光太强，作者睁不开眼，伸手去挡光。故选C。
【62题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我的舞曲开始响起时，我深吸了一口气。A. sleep睡觉；B. thought想法；C. breath呼吸；D. sorrow悲伤。根据上文“It seems that a great number of eyes were looking at me”可知，作者感觉有好多人在观看，所以很紧张，于是“深呼吸（breath）”来缓解紧张。故选C。
【63题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我进入了舞台，开始了我的表演，印度古典舞蹈的毕业考试。A. career事业；B. understanding理解；C. response反应；D. performance表演。根据后文“the graduation test of the classical Indian dance”可知，作者要开始表演了。故选D。
【64题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个测试是一个舞者生命中最重要的事件，因为它尊重一个人生命中发展舞蹈形式的所有因素：一个人的文化和家庭。A. routine常规；B. lesson课；C. accident事故；D. event事件，大事。结合后文“in a dancer’s life as it pays respect to all the factors in one’s life”可知，这个比赛因为尊重一个人生命中发展舞蹈形式的所有因素，所以是一个舞者生命中最重要的事件（event）。故选D。
【65题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个测试是一个舞者生命中最重要的事件，因为它尊重一个人生命中发展舞蹈形式的所有因素：一个人的文化和家庭。A. develop发展；B. purchase购买；C. introduce介绍；D. promote促进。根据后文“the dance form:one’s culture and family”可知，这个测试是舞者一生中最重要的事情，因为它尊重于一个人一生中发展（develop）舞蹈形式的所有因素：一个人的文化和家庭。故选A。
66题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：只有最专注、最坚定的学生才会参加演出。A. focused专心的；B. beautiful美丽的；C. intelligent聪明的；D. considerate体贴的。结合文章第二段第一句中“the most difficult act”可知，这次表演只有最专注的（focused）和最有决心的学生才能参加。故选A。
【67题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个艰辛的过程，需要投入很多。A. talent才能；B. strength力量；C. devotion努力，投入；D. cooperation合作。结合第二段第一句中“the most difficult act”可知，这次表演是一段艰辛的过程，需要投入很多。故选C。
【68题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在六个多月的时间里，我每天花两到三个小时练习这些舞蹈。A. recording记录；B. practicing练习；C. discussing讨论；D. designing设计。结合上文“I spent two to three hours every day”可知，作者为了参加比赛，在过去的六个多月的时间里，每天都会花两到三个小时练习（practice）舞蹈。故选B。
【69题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：很多次，我把自己推向身体和精神的极限，但我仍然不会停止。A. applied申请；B. addicted沉迷于；C. treated治疗；D. pushed推。结合空格所在句后半句“but still I would not stop”和下文“I could not give up”可知，但是“我”仍然不会停止，不会放弃。说明很多次，“我”都会把自己推向（push）身体和精神崩溃的极限。故选D。
【70题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：总有那么多的事情要做，那么多的东西要学。A. forget忘记；B. design设计；C. learn学习；D. research研究。结合上文“There was always so much more to do and so much more to”可知，此处指总有那么多事情要做，还有那么多东西要学（learn）。故选C。
【71题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：即使有身体上的疼痛和精神上的压力，我也强迫自己满足我的期望。A. explanation解释；B. expectation期望；C. expense费用；D. impression印象。结合上文中“Even with physical pain and mental stress”可知，在面临身体上的疼痛和精神上的压力的情况下，“我”还是要强迫自己去达到“我”的期望（expectation）。故选B。
【72题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使当我处在我的极限时，总有一些东西驱使我，强迫我不放弃。A. driving驱使；B. competing竞争；C. benefiting有益于；D. representing代表。根据后文“forcing me not to give up”可知，有东西驱使作者不放弃。故选A。
【73题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我所做的值得拥有这次成功。A. increased增加；B. deserved值得，应得；C. expanded扩大；D. exposed暴露。结合上文作者为了比赛每天练习，面临身体上的疼痛和精神上的压力最后终于取得成功和后文的“the success”可知，作者所付出的一切值得（deserve）拥有这次成功。故选B。
【74题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：正是在那几个小时里，我明白了真正的舞者是什么。A. completely完全地；B. mainly主要地；C. truly真正地；D. distantly远离地。结合上文“It was in those hours that I learned what a dancer”可推知，正是那几个小时让作者学会了什么是真正的舞者。故选C。
【75题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那些时间证明了我可以实现我设定的目标。A. put放置；B. carry搬运；C. turn转向；D. set设置。根据上文“I could achieve something I”可知，此处指作者可以实现自己设定的目标。短语set out to do表示“着手做某事，开始去做”。故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It is _____76_____(common) known that the emission (排放) of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases causes great effect on our planet. To control climate change, great efforts _____77_____ (make) across the world in the past few decades. In 1978, China began _____78_____ national-level forestation project -the Three North Shelterbelt Forest Program, also _____79_____ (know) as the “Great Green Wall”. The program has seen trees planted in 13 provinces and autonomous regions of northern China to act _____80_____ windbreaks (防风林). The Kubuqi Desert in Inner Mongolia has also set a good example to those _____81_____(struggle) against desertification (沙漠化). Now about 33% of the Kubugi Desert is covered with trees and bushes.
In September, China set new goals _____82_____ (deal) with the problem, aiming to have carbon dioxide emissions peak before 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality (碳中和) before 2060. Carbon neutrality _____83_____ (refer) to achieving zero carbon dioxide emissions. If China’s goal is achieved, it will lower _____84_____ (globe) warming by around 0. 2 to 0. 3℃ alone, according to Climate Action Tracker (CAT). It is the biggest single reduction _____85_____has been estimated by CAT.
【答案】monly
77. have been made
78. a 79. known
80. as 81. struggling
82. to deal
83. refers 84. global
85. that
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要中国在控制气候变化方面做的努力。
【76题详解】
考查副词。句意：众所周知，二氧化碳和其他温室气体的排放对我们的星球造成了巨大影响。分析句子可知，此空应填副词修饰谓语动词is known。故填commonly。
【77题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：过去几十年来，为了控制气候变化，全世界都做出了巨大努力。分析句子可知，此空应填谓语动词，由“in the past few decades”可知，这里应用现在完成时，且主语great efforts与make为被动关系。故填have been made。
【78题详解】
考查冠词。句意：1978年，中国开始实施国家级造林项目——三北防护林工程，也称“绿色长城”。project“项目”是可数名词，此处为泛指，应用不定冠词修饰，且 national-level的发音是辅音音素开头，故填a。
【79题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：1978年，中国开始实施国家级造林项目——三北防护林工程，也称“绿色长城”。分析句子可知，此空应填非谓语，且the Three North Shelterbelt Forest Program和know为被动关系，里应用过去分词作定语。故填known。
【80题详解】
考查介词。句意：该项目已在中国北方13个省和自治区种植树木作为防风林。act as 表“充当”，为固定搭配。故填as。
【81题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：内蒙古库布齐沙漠也为抗击荒漠化的人们树立了良好的榜样。分析句子可知，此空应填非谓语，且those 和struggle为主动关系，这里应用现在分词作定语。故填struggling。
【82题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：9月，中国为解决这一问题制定了新的目标，目标是在2030年前达到二氧化碳排放峰值，并在2060年前实现碳中和。分析句子可知，此空应填非谓语，再根据句意可知，这里应填不定式作目的状语。故填to deal。
【83题详解】
考查时态。句意：碳中和是指实现零二氧化碳排放。分析句子可知，此空应填谓语动词，且在陈述客观事实，所以应用一般现在时，且主语Carbon neutrality和refer to (指的是)为主动关系。故填refers。
【84题详解】
考查形容词。句意：根据气候行动追踪（CAT），如果中国的目标实现，仅全球变暖就将降低约0.2至0.3℃。分析句子可知，此空应填形容词修饰后面名词warming 。故填global。
【85题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这是CAT估计的最大单次降幅。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为 single reduction，从句缺少主语，且先行词中由最高级biggest，只能用关系代词that引导。故填that。
四、读后续写(满分15分)
86. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was Christmas Eve. The small local train was almost empty. It was snowing very hard outside. Suddenly the train stopped and everyone wondered what was wrong.
Then the train conductor walked through the train. “I am very sorry,” he said to everyone. “The snow is too bad. We can’t go forward and we can’t go back. We have to stay here until the snow stops. And then someone will come and move the snow off the train tracks.”
“How long will we be here ” asked Melanie. “We have to get to Leeds by8: 30 pm to catch our train to Manchester.”
“I don’t know,” said the conductor. “But it is7: 30 pm now. I’m sorry. I don’t think we will get to Leeds in time.”
Melanie wanted to cry. When she married Craig in July, they moved to a small village in the Yorkshire Dales. She loved Craig very much, but life in the village was very quiet. She had not made any friends and she missed her family. She had not seen them since the wedding. She wanted to be with her family at Christmas.
Craig put his arms around Melanie. “It will be OK,” he said. “You will see your family tomorrow. The conductor was talking to a family with two children at the back of the railway carriage. The children were crying loudly. “But we have to be at Grandma and Grandad’s! We wrote letters to Santa. We told him we would be in Leeds on Christmas night！He won’t know where to find us. We won’t get any presents!”
Everyone was very unhappy. Everyone was talking loudly. They were shouting at the train conductor.
Then an old man stood up and said, “Everyone! Please calm down. I used to work on this railway line and know this kind of weather very well. I think we will be here until tomorrow morning, or maybe longer. So we must make our own Christmas Eve party. I have a bottle of whisky, a Christmas present for my brother. But I think I will share it with you.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
“I have Christmas pies and a bottle of my homemade orange drink,” said the mother of the children.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The morning came with a lovely surprise to the children.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文：
“I have Christmas pies and a bottle of my homemade orange drink,” said the mother of the children. “My family want to share them with you.” Melanie felt better and said, “We have cheese and biscuits to share.” All the people in the carriage had special Christmas food and drink in their bags. They put all the food and drink out in the carriage. The conductor went away and the train driver came back with him and joined the party. They sang songs and played games. Everyone had a great time. Finally, the children fell asleep but the adults stayed up until midnight.
The morning came with a lovely surprise to the children. When they woke up, there were presents next to their seats. “Santa found us!” they shouted with joy and amazement. The adults were cold and tired, but everyone smiled. “Santa is very clever,” smiled the old man. “And I heard the rescue team arriving about an hour ago and we will continue our journey to our destination soon. Merry Christmas!” “Merry Christmas!” shouted everyone. All of a sudden, the train started moving.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一辆列车因为下大雪停运了，而Melanie想回家和家人团聚，这时一个老人提出在火车上举办平安夜派对。最终他们度过了一个美好的夜晚。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“‘我有圣诞派和一瓶自制的橙汁饮料，’孩子们的母亲说。”可知，第一段可描写列车里举办派对的经过和场景。
②由第二段首句内容“早晨给孩子们带来了一个可爱的惊喜。”可知，第二段可描写给孩子的惊喜是什么以及他们获救的信息。
2.续写线索：准备派对——加入派对——孩子得到礼物——获救
3.词汇激活
行为类
①想要：want to/would like to
②返回：come back/return
③玩得开心：have a great time / have fun / enjoy oneself
情绪类
①疲惫的：tired / exhausted
②快乐：joy /happiness
【点睛】[高分句型1] And I heard the rescue team arriving about an hour ago and we will continue our journey to our destination soon. (运用了现在分词作宾补)
[高分句型2] When they woke up, there were presents next to their seats. (运用了when引导时间状语从句)

展开更多......

收起↑