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北京市部分区2023-2024学年高二上学期期中英语解析版试题分类汇编
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北京东城区2023-2024学年高二上学期期中英语试题
第一节(共11小题;每小题2分，共22分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
At Beaver Creek, The Extraordinary Awaits You Are no two snowflakes alike The snowflakes we see in the winter are most likely completely unique from one other. Beaver Creek is a great place to experience the beauty of the snow, with programs for everyone—from children, teens, and women-only lessons to small groups and private-guided experiences. First Track, from Beaver Creek Reserve, lets you be the first on the mountain, with an adventure that begins at 7:30 a.m. when you are met by ski professionals and taken on a private, guided tour—before the mountain is open to the public. Once you have skied, you are treated to a delicious breakfast at Allie’s Cabin. If you are looking for a higher level of comfort there is the White Carpet Club, from Beaver Creek Reserve. Located in the heart of Beaver Creek Village, it maximizes your time on the mountain by streamlining your access to it. At the club, there are private lockers and boot dryers, along with preferred self-parking and a slope-side ski waiter. A receptionist can assist with lift tickets, pass purchases, dinner reservations, and activity recommendations. Of course, there is more to explore during the winter in Beaver Creek as well. There is ice skating, snowshoeing, shopping, and spas—you name it, Beaver Creek has it. It is the perfect place to take advantage of the snow and be in the moment, in the mountains, together. The extraordinary is a rare combination of one-of-a-kind experiences designed to be shared with service that exceeds expectation. The extraordinary brings you closer to one another and offers a special place to belong together. Belong in The Extraordinary.
21. First Track can offer visitors ________.
A. an early visit B. an ice skating show
C. a tasty lunch D. a free skiing lesson
22. What is the White Carpet Club special for
A. Skillful trainers. B. Quiet living experience.
C. Thoughtful service. D. Good views over the mountain.
23. The passage is written to ________.
A. attract visitors B. compare different programs
C. appeal for sports D. introduce training courses
B
You can’t walk into the office without Rihanna’s voice singing “work work work work work work” in your head. And that one line from Lady Gaga’s “Bad Romance” still makes you want to scream. These are commonly known as earworm songs—those sticky tunes that continue to play in your head. A recent study finds that more than 90% of adults report hearing earworm songs on a weekly basis.
Fortunately, most people report earworm songs as pleasant. But others find them annoying or even maddening. “Some people are troubled by them to the point that it disturbs life,” says Elizabeth Hellmuth Margulis, a professor at the University of Arkansas who has studied earworm songs.
Margulis says earworm songs tend to have some predictable characteristics. For one thing, they tend to small parts of a song—not the whole track. And “the songs you’ve heard recently also have the most possibility to get stuck in your memory,” she says.
But sometimes something strange and unpredictable can also start a track paying in your head. “Once I was at the doctor’s office and saw a poster of a man who I thought looked like Gaston—a character from Beauty and the Beast,” Margulis recalls. A couple minutes passed, and she realized she couldn’t get “Be Our Guest”, the song in the movie, out of her head, even though she hadn’t thought of the tune in years. In that instance, she was able to identify her earworm’s trigger: the Gaston-looking man in the poster. “But the connections can be really unclear,” she says.
Margulis points out that in all of human history, recorded music is a very new phenomenon. She says some have inferred that earworm songs are also new—the unintended consequence of being able to hear the same song played everywhere in the same way over and over again. So far, the convincing explanation for why human beings experience earworm songs remains a mystery. But there are some well-established ways to cast off the earworm songs.
“Finding a mentally demanding task and putting your mind on it usually shifts attention away from internal music. People tend to get earworms when performing tasks that don’t require their full attention—stuff like doing the dishes,” Margulis says.
Chewing gum can also help. When a song is stuck in our heads, it’s almost like we’re singing along with it. If you make your mouth do something else—chewing gum, eating a meal or talking with a friend—that can kick out the earworm.
You could also face your enemy. By listening to the full track that includes the passage stuck in your head, you may find “closure” and relief.
24. Which of the following is most likely to be an earworm song
A. A song made up of simple words.
B. A song heard frequently these days.
C. A song sung by a most famous singer.
D. A song learned during one’s childhood.
25. What does the underlined word “trigger” in Paragraph 4 mean
A. Type. B. Tune.
C. Cause. D. Characteristic.
26. We can infer that earworm songs may ________.
A. result from modern technology B. be experienced over meals
C. help regain lost memories D. hurt one’s hearing
27 What is mainly talked about in the last three paragraphs
A. Why we hear earworm songs. B. Where to find earworm songs.
C. When we hear earworm songs. D. How to get over earworm songs.
C
Automation (自动化) was a hot topic. Nearly everyone agreed that people would be working less once computers and other kinds of automatic machinery became widespread. For optimists, this was a promise of liberation: At last humanity would be freed from constant toil, and we could all devote our days to more refined pursuits. But others saw a threat: Millions of people would be thrown out of work, and desperate masses would roam the streets. Looking back from 50 years hence, the controversy over automation seems a quaint and curious episode. The dispute was never resolved.
A. J. Hayes, a leader (and no relation to me), wrote in 1964: Automation is not just a new kind of mechanization but a revolutionary force capable of overturning our social order. Whereas mechanization made workers more efficient — and thus more valuable — automation threatens to make them superfluous (过剩的) — and thus without value. The opinions I have cited here represent extreme positions, and there were also many milder views. But I think it’s fair to say that most early students of automation, including both critics and enthusiasts, believed the new technology would lead us into a world where people worked much less.
As for economic consequences, worries about unemployment have certainly not gone away — not with job losses in the current recession approaching 2 million workers in our country alone. But recent job losses are commonly attributed to causes other than automation, such as competition from overseas or a roller-coaster financial system. In any case, the vision of a world where machines do all the work and people stand idly by has simply not come to pass.
The spread of automation outside of the factory has altered its social and economic impact in some curious ways. In many cases, the net effect of automation is not that machines are doing work that people used to do. Instead we’ve dispensed with the people who used to be paid to run the machines, and we’ve learned to run them ourselves. These trends contradict almost all the expectations of early writers on automation, both optimists and pessimists. So far, automation has neither liberated us from the need to work nor deprived (剥夺) us of the opportunity to work. Instead, we’re working more than ever.
What about trades closer to my own vital interests Will science be automated Technology already has a central role in many areas of research; for example, genome sequences could not be read by traditional lab-bench methods. Replacing the scientist will presumably be a little harder than replacing the lab technician, but when a machine exhibits enough curiosity and tenacity, I think we’ll just have to welcome it as a companion in zealous research. And if the scientist is elbowed aside by an automaton, then surely the science writer can’t hold out either. I’m ready for my 15-hour workweek.
28. In Paragraph 1, the writer mainly wants to convey that ________.
A. automation results in unemployment
B. automation does more harm than good
C. the issue of automation was still in discussion
D. automation brings in much convenience in life
29. According to J. Hayes, we can infer _________
A. automation is more valuable than what we imagine
B. automation is a revolutionary force to better development
C. the disadvantages of automation far outweigh the advantages
D. the new technology would lead people into working much less
30. What’s the author’s attitude toward automation on jobs
A. Doubtful. B. Supportive. C. Disapproving. D. Neutral.
31. What can we conclude from this passage
A. People needn’t work so hard due to automation.
B. Traditional labor force will be replaced in the near future.
C. Automation should be accepted reasonably in development.
D. Automation results in more job losses in the writer’s country.
北京市大兴区2023-2024学年高二上学期期中英语试卷
第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Horizon Institute: Annual Winter Workshop
Background
Established in 2005, Horizon Institute is committed to bridging the gap between academic theory and real-world application. With over 20,000 alumni worldwide, our focus is on providing hands-on experiences in a wide range of disciplines.
Workshop Details:
Dates: December 5th - December 20th
Courses Available: Advanced Mathematics, Experimental Physics, Digital Art Design, and Leadership Dynamics.
Eligibility: Students aged 12-18 with a keen interest in the chosen subject.
Fee: $350 for a single course. Enroll in two or more courses for a 15% discount on the total fee.
Facilities and Features:
State-of-the-art laboratories and design studios.
Interactive sessions with industry experts.
Dedicated mentorship by experienced professionals.
Access to our extensive library and online resources.
Additional Benefits:
Certification upon course completion.
Opportunities for internships in partner organizations.
Networking events with Horizon alumni and industry leaders.
For More Details:
Visit our campus on November 15th for an open house session.
Contact us via email: contact@horizoninstitute.org or call: (456) 789-0123.
21. What is Horizon Institute’s primary mission
A. Hosting winter workshops every year.
B. Organizing networking events for students.
C. Linking academic teachings to practical experiences.
D. Offering online courses in various disciplines.
22. What can students expect when they join in the workshop
A. Free meals throughout the course.
B. Personalized one-on-one teaching sessions.
C. Interaction with professionals from various industries.
D. A chance to study abroad with partner institutions.
23. How can someone gather in-depth information about the workshop
A. By browsing the institute’s online catalog.
B. By attending the open house on November 15th.
C By waiting for the annual newsletter.
D. By joining the institute’s social media page.
B
In the sprawling metropolis of Grayville, where skyscrapers touched the heavens and streets were constantly buzzing with life, there existed a unique place called “The Corner of Quietude”. It was neither a park nor a building. In fact, it was simply a street corner, marked by a single lamppost with a peculiar sign: “Speak softly, for this is a place of solace”.
Legend had it that anyone speaking beneath this lamppost, regardless of the surrounding noise, would find their words drowned out, replaced by an mysterious peace. Over the years, many had come to experience its magic. They spoke of heartbreaks, dreams, regrets, and wishes, seeking solace in its embrace.
Ella, a journalist new to Grayville, stumbled upon this corner during an assignment. Doubtful, she decided to test the legend. Whispering her deepest fears about her failing career and struggles in the big city, she was shocked when all she heard was a calming whisper, almost as if the world around her paused.
Ella dug into the history of “The Corner of Quietude”. She discovered that decades ago, a musician named Alaric had lost his voice and would visit the corner every night, playing his silent tunes on a violin, hoping to communicate through his music. Some believed that the corner absorbed Alaric’s yearning for expression and became a place for all who sought to voice their innermost emotions.
24. What was unique about “The Corner of Quietude” in Grayville
A. It was the oldest park in this busy city.
B. It was where Alaric played music every night.
C. People found their words replaced by quietness.
D. It was a silent zone where no sound was allowed.
25. Why did Ella come to the corner in the first place
A. To check the legend. B. To whisper her fears.
C. To meet the musician. D. To finish her assignment.
26. How did Ella react upon experiencing the corner’s magic
A. She felt it was just another city mystery.
B. She immediately believed in the legend.
C She wrote an article to clarify the truth.
D. She was surprised and felt a sense of calm.
27. What is suggested about the musician Alaric
A. He was the founder of Grayville and the corner.
B. He reclaimed his voice by playing at the corner.
C. He played music to disrupt the peace of the corner.
D. His silent tunes contributed to the corner’s mysterious sense.
C
Chinese scientists recently achieved precise total synthesis (合成) of sugar from carbon dioxide in the laboratory, marking a crucial step in artificial sugar synthesis.
The synthesis, which took more than two years to realize, was achieved by teams from the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology and the academy’s Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics. Their research was published last week in a paper in Chinese Science Bulletin, a multidisciplinary academic journal.
Sugar is a major source of energy for the human body and a key raw material for industrial production, and it is mainly obtained by extracting it from crops such as sugar cane. However, the traditional method of extraction is limited by the energy conversion efficiency of plant photosynthesis. Moreover, the process of extracting sugar has been affected by uncertain raw material supplies due to land degradation and shortages, ecosystem degradation and extreme weather and natural disasters caused by global warming.
As a result, artificial sugar synthesis has been continually studied by the scientific community in recent years, and scientists around the world have contributed to the effort. In their latest research, the Chinese scientists adjusted high-concentration carbon dioxide and other raw materials in the reaction solution. With the help of chemical catalysts and enzyme (酶) catalysts, they obtained four kinds of sugars: glucose, allulose, tagatose and mannose.
The experiment lasted about 17 hours, much shorter than the time required for traditional methods of sugar extraction, according to Yang Jiangang, lead author of the paper and associate researcher at the Tianjin institute.
The efficiency of sugar synthesis in this study was 0.67 grams per liter per hour, which was more than 10 times higher than the previous results achieved by scientists worldwide. Yang said that the carbon dioxide to sugar conversion rate of glucose reached 59.8 nanomoles of carbon per milligram of catalyst per minute. This is the highest level of artificial sugar production known domestically and internationally.
The study also achieved precise control of artificial sugar synthesis. “By controlling the varied catalytic effects of different enzymes, theoretically almost any type of sugar can be synthesized,” Yang said. Regarding the study, Manfred Reetz, a member of the German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina, said it is a particularly challenging task to convert carbon dioxide into sugars.
The achievement by Chinese scientists has provided a flexible, multifunctional and efficient sugar synthesis route, which opens a door for green chemistry, Reetz said. Green chemistry, similar to sustainable chemistry, is a rapidly developing field that focuses on how to fully utilize raw materials and energy in the process of producing the intended product while minimizing or eliminating the use and generation of harmful substances.
Carbon dioxide to sugar conversion is seen as an example of green chemistry, since it was conducted under normal temperature and pressure conditions and did not yield any harmful substances.
28. Why do scientists keep studying artificial sugar synthesis
A. Because sugar is an essential energy source for industrial production.
B. Because the traditional extraction approach is not environmentally friendly.
C. Because raw material supply is unreliable in the process of traditional sugar extraction.
D. Because the traditional extraction approach is less productive than plant photosynthesis.
29. How is the Chinese study significant
A. It synthesized almost all types of sugar in the laboratory.
B. It controlled varied catalytic effects of different enzymes.
C. It converted high-concentration carbon dioxide into sugar.
D. It lasted 17 hours, shorter than previous traditional methods.
30. What can we infer from the passage
A. Green chemistry helped use up all raw materials to generate more products.
B Carbon dioxide to sugar conversion will be used in industrial production soon.
C. Green chemistry is a new field where Chinese scientists will put more efforts on.
D. Carbon dioxide to sugar conversion will take up all sugar production due to its efficiency.
D
Making electricity out of fossil fuels releases lots of greenhouse gases, which accumulate in the atmosphere and heat up the planet. Nuclear power, on the other hand, has the potential to be an almost unlimited and more climate-friendly energy source. That is because in contrast to fossil fuels, no greenhouse gases are released directly during the immediate use of the fuel.
However, there are also several major problems. First, the mining of nuclear fuel is costly and energy intensive and causes many environmental problems. Second, nuclear energy production generates significant amounts of radioactive waste, which is extremely dangerous if not handled safely. Finally, the entire process requires very complex and energy intensive infrastructure (基建), which contributes to indirect greenhouse gas emissions.
We use computer and mathematical models to understand if it might be possible to redesign nuclear power stations in a way that they run on nuclear waste. This would reduce the negative impacts of current and future nuclear power generation immensely.
Our model show that it is feasible (可行的) to redesign nuclear power stations in a way they can run on spent nuclear fuel (SNF). Plus, the SNF does not have to be further modified before it is used. Even better, our advanced nuclear power stations do not produce any additional waste. While these innovative power stations do not yet exist, our research indicates that they are a real possibility for the future.
In our research, so-called molten salt reactors seem a promising candidate for the new type of nuclear power station as they could be redesigned to run on SNF. Molten salt reactors operate on fuel melt in liquid salt. Over a lifetime of 60 years, one of these reactors would “eat up” roughly 70 tons of SNF. This amount accumulates in 3 to 4 years of operation in a traditional nuclear power station of comparable size. Our suggested redesign would make nuclear energy generation much more efficient and sustainable, as it could “squeeze out” up to 20 times more energy from already spent nuclear fuel. It would also eliminate any SNF as a source of highly problematic waste.
Creating nuclear power stations that can run on existing nuclear waste is a worthy endeavor, and our feasibility analysis shows that it can likely be done. However, we need a lot of innovative and multidisciplinary research to put this vision into reality. “Eating up” radioactive waste as fuel would eliminate the long-term storage problem of current nuclear waste. Also, it would relieve us from the costs and environmental damages done by mining current nuclear fuel and the complicated processes required for long term operation. The new operational model would only consist of melting the SNF, operating the reactor, and cleaning the fuel salt. All in all, it would reduce many environmental, social and political issues of current nuclear power production. Using our current nuclear waste as fuel would allow us to take full advantage of the climate-friendly aspect of nuclear power generation.
Even in science and technology, it’s important to realize when we have to rethink our current approaches and what our options are for improvement. Current nuclear power stations have been created with past technologies and goals in mind. Nowadays, some people claim, they might create often more problems than they solve. We need innovative alternatives to provide sustainable, safe and clean energy for generations to come.
31. When talking about the major problems of nuclear power production, the author tries to say ________.
A. nuclear energy is not environmental-friendly
B. nuclear power plants deserve to be remodeled
C. nuclear energy is dangerous and difficult to handle
D. nuclear power plants are complex and hard to build
32. What does the word “endeavor” underlined in Paragraph 6 most probably mean
A attempt B. business C. candidate D. design
33. What can we learn from the passage
A. The proposed reactor is feasible and likely to be put into use.
B. The proposed reactor is economical and operationally effective.
C. The proposed reactor can solve the major problems previously mentioned in the passage.
D. The proposed reactor can use up SNF from many traditional reactors of comparable size.
34. Which would be the best title of the passage
A. Nuclear waste = fuel of the future
B. Nuclear problems = efforts to solve them
C. Nuclear power = clean energy for the future!
D. Nuclear plants = innovation and multidisciplinary research
北京市丰台区2023-2024学年高二上学期期中英语试题（A卷）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Our teen poetry workshops at Poets House are opportunities for writers in high school to create and explore poetry in one of the largest poetry libraries in the country. Young poets are given a chance to dig into the art and craft of poetry in a fun, creative and inspiring environment.
Join Dave Johnson Workshop
Join Dave Johnson Workshop to write daily new poems in only 10 minutes. Click the banner for two series of video poetry workshops where poet, playwright and educator Dave Johnson chooses a poet each day, and takes us through a close reading of their work. He gives us an instruction based on their work, then a short biography and reads an additional poem. These workshops are fun and surprising, for teens through adults, free.
The Thompson Foundation Initiative
The highlight of our teen poetry workshop program is the Thompson Foundation Initiative, through which noted poets visit high school classrooms followed by free follow-up class visits to Poets House. Recent teachers have included Dave Johnson, Jive Poetic, and Mahogany Browne. This initiative is meant to increase access to poetic education for under served schools and students by combining hands-on instruction from established poets with on-site visits to our extensive library. Students engage with poetry through reading, writing, and art projects that integrate the visual and linguistic.
If you are a teacher interested in this program please reach out to Reggie Harris to arrange sessions for your class. Free class trips for all age levels are also available outside of this program.
Intensive Workshops for Teens
Advanced, individualized study is available periodically for students who want to continue writing poetry, through either our day-long or week-long intensive workshops.
·One-day workshops: Participation is free. All interested teens are encouraged to sign up.
·Week-long workshops: Participants are determined through an application process and an external judge; all interested high school students are encouraged to apply. Financial aid is available.
21. Teens can get to know one poet on a daily basis in _______.
A. Dave Johnson Workshop
B. the Thompson Foundation Initiative
C. Jive Poetic Workshop
D Intensive Workshops for Teens
22. In the Thompson Foundation Initiative, students can _______.
A. contact Reggie Harris to attend class trips
B. visit Poets House with Mahogany Browne
C. work one-on-one with established poets
D. learn and enjoy poetry in diverse ways
23. What do the workshops in the passage have in common
A. They are free of charge.
B. They are for all age groups.
C. They offer chances to write poems.
D. They have famous poets as teachers.
B
Liu Jichen, founder and CEO of Clear Plate , designed a mini-program that recognizes empty plates and rewards users with points. These points can be exchanged for gifts like books and cellphones, or better yet, they can be used to purchase charity meals donated to poor children in rural areas of China.
In 2016, Liu, a then student of Tsinghua University, noticed a popular campaign called “Leftover Party”, where people brought their leftovers to eat together, intending to raise awareness of food waste. Liu and his classmates organized one such event, which was attended by hundreds of people. The success encouraged him to spread the concept of reducing food waste to a wider audience.
The idea of a mini-program struck him at a dinner in 2017 when Liu dined at a restaurant which rewarded diners who finished off their food. Liu found that the restaurant would give these diners a card every time and offer them small gifts when they collected a certain number of cards. “Everyone who values food can enjoy a sense of gain at a lower cost,” Liu said, noting that such an idea could be realized online.
He formed a team to work on the project. Yet it was quite a challenge for the AI system to identify the uploaded photos. Liu and his team, assisted by more than 1,000 others, spent half a year collecting over 100,000 samples across the country to train the digital brain.
“There were so many uncertainties in research and development. For our team members, the biggest challenge was whether we were confident enough to complete it,” Liu said. They not only achieved their goal, but now, the mini-program has more than five million registered users. “We hope to inspire everyone to take action against food waste and to contribute Chinese wisdom and solutions to global food security challenges,” he added.
24. What inspired Liu Jichen to create the mini-program
A A restaurant’s practice. B. His interest in high tech.
C. A campaign concept. D. His classmates’ advice.
25. What is the main aim of the mini-program
A To increase awareness of charity.
B. To encourage people to save food.
C. To collect photos of empty plates.
D. To promote books and other gifts.
26. Which of the following words can best describe Liu Jichen
A. Generous and optimistic. B. Loving and easy-going.
C. Determined and responsible. D. Grateful and considerate.
C
My university has now topped the U.S. News & World Report rankings for 11 years running. Given Princeton’s success, you might think I would be a fan of the list. Not so. Don’t get me wrong. I am proud of Princeton’s teaching, research and commitment to service. I like seeing our quality recognized. Rankings, however, are a misleading way to assess universities. Different schools have distinct strengths, structures and missions. The idea of picking one as “best”, as though educational programs competed like athletic teams, is strange.
However, the U.S. News rankings attract great attention and a huge customer base. Applicants and their families rely on the rankings and feel pressure to get into highly regarded institutions. As a result, many schools make intense efforts to move up in the rankings. This competition produces damaging consequences. For example, some universities avoid doing difficult but valuable things—such as admitting talented lower-income students who can succeed at university if given appropriate support.
Still, students and families need comparative information to choose universities. If rankings mislead, what is the alternative For generations, buyers have turned to Consumer Reports for advice about almost everything except university education. When Consumer Reports evaluates a product, it assesses multiple factors so that potential buyers can make their own choice wisely. Similarly, university applicants need information about some basic variables. Graduation rates are crucial. A university that does not graduate its students is like a car with a bad maintenance (维修) record. It costs money without getting you anywhere. What applicants need is not the average graduation rate, but the rate for students with backgrounds like their own. For example, some places successfully graduate their wealthy students but do less well for lower-income students. Applicants should also see some measure of post-graduation outcomes.
Here is a partial list of other factors that matter: cost of tuition (学费) and fees; high-quality teachers actively engaged in undergraduate instruction; and a learning culture composed of diverse students who study hard and educate one another. Judged by these criteria, many schools could be “Consumer Reports Best Buys”. Applicants should be excited to get into any of them; they should pick the one they find most appealing; and they should not waste time worrying about which is “the best”.
It would be great to have a Consumer Reports for universities. I hope that some national publication will have the courage to produce an annual, user-friendly Consumer Reports-style analysis of higher education institutions, even if it is not as attractive as a football-style set of rankings. In the meantime, those of us who understand the imperfection in the rankings must call them out—even when, indeed especially when, we finish at the top.
27. What is the author’s attitude towards university rankings
A. Supportive. B. Indifferent. C. Disapproving. D. Neutral.
28. Why does the author mention Consumer Reports
A. To reveal the multiplicity of consumers.
B. To present the information of potential buyers.
C. To highlight the difficulty of choosing universities.
D. To emphasize the need of overall evaluation of universities.
29. What can we learn from this passage
A. It is not likely to have a Consumer Reports for universities.
B. The most suitable university for applicants may not rank the top.
C. The average graduation rate is crucial to lower-income applicants.
D. The top universities can see the imperfection in the rankings better.
30. What is the main idea of the passage
A. There is no such thing as a good or bad student.
B. Education equality is an ideal hard to be realized.
C. An alternative approach is needed to assess universities.
D. Discrimination against poor students brings loss of talents.
D
If there’s one cliché (陈词滥调) that really annoys Danah Boyd, a specialist researcher who has made a career from studying the way teenagers use the web, it’s that of the digital native. “Today the world has computer-mediated communications. Thus, in order to learn about their social world around them, teenagers are learning about those things too. And they’re using that to work out the stuff that kids have always worked out: peer (同龄人) sociality, status, etc.” she says.
It’s no surprise Boyd takes exception, really. As one of the first digital anthropologists to dig into the way teenagers use social networking sites, she gained insights into the social web by taking a closer look at what was going on.
Lately, her work has been about explaining new ways of interpreting the behavior we see online. She outlined some examples at a recent conference in San Francisco, including the case of a young man from one of the poorest districts of Los Angeles who was applying for a top American college. The applicant said he wanted to escape the influence of violence, but the admissions officer was shocked when he discovered that the boy’s MySpace page was covered with precisely the violent language he claimed to hate. “Why was he lying about his motivations ” asked the university. “He wasn’t,” said Boyd. “In his world, showing the right images online was a key part of surviving daily life.”
Understanding what’s happening online is especially important, for today’s teenagers have a vastly different approach to privacy from their parents. She says, “Adults think of the home as a very private space. That’s often not the case for teenagers because they have little or no control over who has access to it, or under what conditions. As a result, the online world can feel more private because it feels like there’s more control.”
The concept of control is central to Boyd’s work, and it applies to pointing out the true facts about teenage behavior. Boyd suggests control remains in the same places as it always did.
“Technologists all go for the idea of techno-utopia (乌托邦), the web as great democratizer (民主化)”, she says. “But we’re not actually democratizing the whole system; we’re just shifting the way in which we discriminate.”
It’s a call to arms that most academic researchers would tend to sidestep, but then Boyd admits to treading a fine line between academics and activists. “The questions I continue to want to ask are the things that are challenging to me；having to sit down and be forced to think about uncomfortable social stuff, and it’s really hard to get my head around it, which means it’s exactly what I should dive in and deal with, ” she says.
31. What does Danah Boyd think of “computer-mediated communications”
A. They teach teenagers about social interaction.
B. They replace other sorts of social interaction for teenagers.
C. They are necessary for teenagers to have social interaction.
D. They are barriers to wider social interaction among teenagers.
32. Why does Danah Boyd cite the example of the Los Angeles college applicant
A. To show how easy it is to investigate somebody’s online activity.
B. To explain how easy it is to misinterpret an individual online activity.
C. To prove how important it is to check the content of someone’s online activity.
D. To express how necessary it is to judge someone’s sincerity from his online activity.
33. Danah Boyd argues in Paragraph 4 that________.
A. parents tend not to respect teenagers’ need for online privacy
B. teenagers are less concerned about privacy than their parents
C. teenagers feel more private in the online world than in the home
D. parents value the idea of privacy less in a domestic environment
34. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that Danah Boyd________.
A. is willing to take on research challenges others would avoid
B. regards herself as being more of an activist than a researcher
C. is aware that she is lacking in ability to deal with the challenges
D. feels like abandoning the research into uncomfortable social stuff
北京市丰台区2023-2024学年高二上学期期中英语试题（B卷）
第二部分 阅读理解（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Explore your world—Mirthy
Online events to help you discover, learn and connect
Who is Mirthy
Mirthy is one of the most popular websites for online events and already loved and trusted by more than 45000 people. It was designed to create an inclusive community where people can learn, share, and connect with others through a variety of events that are active, sociable, and uplifting. It’s all about fulfilment and wellbeing.
There are some online events each month to try, from craft workshops (手工工坊) to fitness sessions. For example, according to our event calendar, this week you can attend gardening classes and singing lessons. So whether you have a desire to get fitter or to pick up a new skill—signing up for classes and events with Mirthy could be just what you have been looking for.
How does it work
Sign up via the online registration form at Mirthy.com. Then you can take a look through the calendar of upcoming events and see what takes your fancy.
Once you register for an event, you will then receive a link on email ready for you to join the live event. If your plans change and you can’t make it, you will receive a link for a 7-day replay that you can watch at a time that is convenient for you!
Best of all, it’s completely FREE to join!
Join Mirthy for free today, and you can enjoy any 4 events every month, for free! If you’re up for more, then you can either select and book additional events on a pay-as-you-go basis, normally for 2.99 each, or you can upgrade to the Premium membership giving you full free access to all events for only 4.99 per month.
If you choose to go for the Premium membership, there’s no contract. You simply upgrade your membership and you can cancel anytime.
26. Mirthy is intended to_________.
A. improve people’s fitness B. organize sociable events
C. provide craft workshops D. create an online community
27. What can people do at Mirthy this week
A. Make art crafts. B. Talk about fitness experience.
C. Learn songs. D. Study wild plants and animals.
28. Which of the following is true about Mirthy
A. People can sign up for the events online.
B. The events can be watched again at any time.
C. People can upgrade their membership for free.
D. No more than 4 events are offered each month.
29. What’s the main purpose of this passage
A. To share a lifestyle.
B. To recommend a website.
C. To introduce online events.
D. To explain a registration process.
B
The Well that Changed the World
As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy, Ryan had trouble believing the words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing African countries couldn’t get enough clean water. He looked across the classroom at the drinking fountain. It was very close—only ten steps away. So, Ryan asked himself, “Why do some African children have to walk ten kilometers to get water every day And why is the water so dirty that it makes them sick ” Young Ryan thought, “Life is easy for me, but hard for those people. Why don’t I help ”
At first, his plan was to earn money to build a single well somewhere in Africa. He cleaned windows and did gardening for his family and neighbors. He soon reached his first target (目标) of $70, but when he gave the money to a charity, he was told that it actually cost $2,000 to build a well.
Two thousand dollars was a lot of money, but Ryan didn’t give up. He started to ask for help from his classmates and neighbors and persuaded them to donate money. At the same time, a friend of Ryan’s mother helped make his story go public. After several months, Ryan had raised the $2,000, with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda. The children at the school no longer needed to walk for hours to get water. They were grateful to him and invited him to visit.
In Uganda, Ryan at last saw the finished well with his own eyes. But that was not all. He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had turned out to welcome him. They sang and danced happily. Some even offered him food and gifts. At first Ryan was nervous, but soon great warmth filled him. He really had made a difference for these children. He broke into a joyful smile.
Later, Ryan’s experience led him to set up a foundation (基金会) to encourage more people to help. Many inspired people gave him their support. Ryan’s foundation continues to attract support from more and more people, so the work of building more wells can go on. Today, over 800,000 people in 16 countries across Africa have benefited from the life-changing gift of clean, safe water.
30. The following statements make Ryan decide to help students in developing African countries, EXCEPT_________.
A. Ryan has troubles understanding the words spoken by teachers.
B. Many students are suffering from sickness caused by dirty water.
C. Ryan thought life shouldn’t be so hard for them while his is easy.
D Many students have to walk a long way to get clean and safe water.
31. How did Ryan raise money to build a well after finishing his first target
A. By asking his teacher and friends’ parents for help.
B. By persuading people around him to donate money.
C. By setting up a public foundation to attract support.
D. By doing some work for his family and neighbors.
32. Which of the following words can best describe Ryan
A. Kind-hearted and determined. B. Humorous and ambitious.
C. Brave and generous. D. Grateful and hardworking.
C
The bald eagle was once a dying species in the United States. This is because the bird wasn’t always held with respect. At the National Book Festival, author Jack E. Davis detailed the bald eagle’s “great conservation success story”.
The bald eagle has faced extinction twice. The first occurred in the late 19th century. “It was then that a bald eagle seen was one to be shot,” he said. He explained that the bird had been regarded as a dangerous animal, and considered a threat. But such threat tended to be overstated. Throughout the early 20th century, thousands of bald eagles were shot down. Things began to change for the bird in 1940, when the government passed its legal protection — the Bald Eagle Protection Act.
However, only five years later, the bird faced its second near extinction when DDT, an environmentally harmful insecticide (杀虫剂), was introduced at the end of World War Ⅱ. In 1963, the bald eagle hit its lowest number — totaling less than 500 nesting pairs across the U.S. “At that time, only about one-third of the nation’s water was safe for swimming and fishing,” Davis said. “That was eagle habitat, but also our habitat.” “We stepped up.” He mentioned that this situation led a nonprofit organization, Fish and Wildlife, to launch “hugely successful” eagle protection projects.
By 2007, the bald eagle was removed from the list as the species regained its health, reaching nearly 11,000 nesting pairs nationwide, and today’s number is somewhere around 500,000.
For those looking to assist in the ongoing comeback of the bald eagle and other endangered animals, Davis said, almost every state has a center that accepts donations and welcomes visitors and volunteers.
33. What made the bald eagle almost extinct for the first time
A. The illegal hunting. B. The loose control of guns.
C. The attack from other animals. D. The misunderstanding of their threat.
34 What caused Fish and Wildlife to start eagle protection projects
A. The outbreak of World War II. B. The overuse of DDT nationwide.
C. The disappearance of eagle habitat. D. The worsening of eagles’ living condition.
35. What’s the main purpose of the passage
A. To tell a story of a dying species.
B To advertise the book of Jack E. Davis.
C. To raise the awareness of protecting wildlife.
D. To introduce the ways of protecting bald eagles.
D
Teens who have good, supportive relationships with their teachers enjoy better health as adults, according to a research.
“This research suggests that improving students’ relationships with teachers could have important, positive and long-lasting effects beyond just academic success,” said Jinho Kim, the author of the study. “It could also bring about important health benefits in the long run.”
Previous research has suggested that teens’ social relationships might be linked to health outcomes in adulthood—perhaps because poor relationships can lead to chronic stress which can raise a person’s risk of health problems over the lifespan, according to Kim. However, it is not clear whether the link between teen relationships and lifetime health is certainly cause and effect—it could be that other factors, such as different family backgrounds, might contribute to both relationship problems in adolescence and poor health in adulthood. Also, most research has focused on teens relationships with their peers, rather than on their relationships with teachers.
To explore those questions further, Kim analyzed data on nearly 20,000 participants from the Add Health study, a national study that followed participants for 13 years, from seventh grade into early adulthood. The participants included more than 3, 400 pairs of brothers and sisters. As teens, participants answered questions, like “How often have you had trouble getting along with other students ” “How much do you agree that friends care about you ” “How often have you had trouble getting along with your teachers ” and “How much do you agree that teachers care about you ” As adults, participants were asked about their physical and mental health. Researchers also took measures of physical health, such as blood pressure and BMI (体质指数).
Kim found that, as expected, participants who had reported better relationships with both their peers and teachers in middle school and high school also reported better physical and mental health in their mid-20s. However, when he controlled for family background by looking at pairs of brothers and sisters, only the link between good teacher relationships and adult health remained significant.
The results suggest that teacher relationships are even more important than previously realized and that schools should invest in training teachers on how to build warm and supportive relationships with their students, according to Kim.
36. According to paragraph 3, we can know that ________.
A. teen relationships with teachers were not studied before.
B. family background is the main factor in improving mental health.
C. teen relationship is not the only factor that affects the lifetime health.
D. relationship problems in adolescence can cause poor health in adulthood.
37. What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A. How the research was done B. What questions were explored
C. How physical health was measured D. What kind of participants were studied
38. According to Kim’s findings, we can infer that ________.
A. Good adult health depends on teens’ good teachers.
B. More attention should be paid to the students relationships with teachers.
C. The importance of student-teacher relationships was fully realized before.
D. Participants reported better relationships with their teachers and better health as adults.
39. Where does this text probably come from
A. A. family survey B. A medical report
C. A term paper D. A health magazine
北京市房山区2023-2024学年高二上学期期中英语试卷
第二部分阅读理解第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
12．（6分）
Choose Your One﹣Day Tours!
Tour A﹣Bath & Stonehenge：including the entrance fees to the ancient Roman bathrooms and Stonehenge﹣ 37 until 26 March and 39 thereafter.Visit the city with over 2，000 years of history and Bath Abbey，the Royal Crescent and the Costute Museum.Stonehenge is one of the world's most famous prehistoric monuments dating back over 5
Tour B﹣Oxford & Stratford：including entrance fees to the University St Mary's Church Tower and Anne Hathaway's house﹣ 32 until 12 March and 36 thereafter.
Oxford：Includes a guided tour of England's oldest university and colleges.Look over the "city of dreaming spires（尖顶）" from St Mary's Church Tower.Stratford：Includes a guided tour exploring much of the Shakespeare wonder.
Tour C﹣Windsor Castle & Hampton Court：including entrance fees to Hampton Court Palace﹣ 34 until 11 March and 37 thereafter.
Includes a guided tour of Windsor and Hampton Court，Henry VILL's favourite palace.Free time to visit Windsor Castle （entrance fees not included）.With 500 years of history，which include the famous maze（迷宫） where it is easy to get lost!
Tour D﹣Cambridge：including entrance fees to the Tower of Saint Mary the Great﹣ 33 until 18 March and 37 thereafter.
Includes a guided tour of Cambridge，the famous university town，and the gardens of the 18th century.
（1）Which tour will you choose if you want to see England's oldest university city？ 　 　
A.Tour A.
B.Tour B.
C.Tour C.
D.Tour D.
（2）Which of the following tours charges the lowest fee on 17 March？ 　 　
A.Windsor Castle & Hampton Court.
B.Oxford & Stratford.
C.Bath & Stonehenge.
D.Cambridge.
（3）Why is Hampton Court a major tourist attraction？ 　 　
A.It used to be the home of royal（皇室的） families.
B.It used to be a well﹣known maze.
C.It is the oldest palace in Britain.
D.It is a world﹣famous castle.
13．（8分） As the Camp Fire continued，killing at least 85 people and displacing thousands more in Northern California，Madison waited there.
Gaylord，the Anatolian shepherd mix's owner，was not able to get to her home，meaning Madison was left behind.For weeks，all Gaylord could do was hope for Madison's safety
Sullivan，a volunteer with the organization，had already helped locate Madison's brother Miguel in a different city.But Madison was even more difficult to find.Sullivan spotted Madison a few times in a canyon （峡谷），and put out fresh food and water regularly in hopes that the dog would turn up，according to a post by Sullivan.She even placed an article of clothing that smelled like Gaylord near the home "to keep Madison's hope alive until his people could return
When the evacuation （疏散） order was lifted last week and Gaylord went back to her home，which been ruined by the fire.Madison was there
"Well，I'm so happy to report that Gaylord was allowed to return to her home today and THERE MADISON WAS!He had stayed to protect what was left of his home，and never gave up on his people!" Sullivan wrote in the comment on her post. "I'm so happy I'm crying as I write this!He didn't give up through the storms or the fire!" she added.
Soon afterward，Madison was reunited with Miguel for the first time since the fire broke out.An emotional Gaylord said in an interview with the network that she was overcome with joy to see Madison waiting for her.She also expressed how grateful she was to Sullivan.Gaylord said fighting through tears， "You could never ask for better animals.He is the best dog."
（1）What did Madison do during the Camp Fire？ 　 　
A.He ran away from home.
B.He waited for Gaylord.
C.He stayed with Miguel.
D.He rescued Sullivan.
（2）Why did Sullivan place an article of clothing smelling like Gaylord near the home？ 　 　
A.To help Madison remember his owner.
B.To encourage Madison not to give up.
C.To get Madison to turn up.
D.To keep Madison warm.
（3）Where was Madison finally found？ 　 　
A.In a different city.
B.In a canyon.
C.At a camp.
D.At his home.
（4）What quality is emphasized in this story？ 　 　
A.Patience.
B.Uniqueness.
C.Devotion.
D.Intelligence.
14．（6分） Reading Art：Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object—the book，represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world.The image of the reader appears throughout history，in art made long before books as we now know them came into being.In artists' representations of books and reading
In this "book of books，" artworks are selected and arranged m a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures.We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school，with the book as a focus for relations between the generations.Adults are portrayed （描绘），deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure.These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago，but they record moments we can all relate to.
Books themselves may be used symbolically in paintings to demonstrate the intellect （才智），wealth or faith of the subject.Before the wide use of the printing press，books were treasured objects and could be works of art in their own right.More recently，artists have used them as the raw material for artworks—transforming covers，pages or even complete volumes into paintings and sculptures.
Continued developments in communication technologies were once believed to make the printed page outdated.From a 21st﹣century point of view，the printed book is certainly ancient，but it remains as interactive as any battery﹣powered e﹣reader.To serve its function，the pages parted，the contents reviewed，a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private， "off﹣line" activity.
（1）What are the selected artworks about？ 　 　
A.Books and reading.
B.Home and school.
C.Wealth and intellect.
D.Work and leisure.
（2）What do the underlined words "relate to" in Paragraph 2 most probably mean？ 　 　
A.Hate.
B.Paint.
C.Understand.
D.Change.
（3）What does the author want to say by mentioning the e﹣reader？ 　 　
A.People now rarely have the patience to read.
B.Our lives in the 21st century are networked.
C.Technology has changed the way we read.
D.The printed book is not totally out of date.
15．（8分） After years of observing human nature，I have decided that two qualities make the difference between men of great achievement and men of average performance：curiosity and discontent I have never known an outstanding man who lacked either.And I have never known an average man who had both.The two belong together.
Together，these deep human urges （驱策力） count for much more than ambition.Galileo was not merely ambitious when he dropped objects of varying weights from the Leaning Tower at Pisa and timed their fall to the ground.Like Galileo， "Why？Why？Why？"
Fortunately curiosity and discontent don't have to be learned.We are born with them and need only recapture them.
"The great man，" said Mencius （孟子）， "is he who does not lose his child's heart." Yet most of us do lose it.We stop asking questions.We stop challenging custom.We just follow the crowd.And the crowd desires restful average.It encourages us to occupy our own little comer，to be satisfied.
Most of us meet new people，and new ideas，with hesitation.But once having met and liked them，had we missed the chance.We will probably have to force ourselves to waken our curiosity and discontent and keep them awake.
How should you start？Modestly，so as not to become discouraged.I think of one friend who couldn't arrange flowers to satisfy herself.She was curious about how the experts did it.Now she is one of the experts，writing books on flower arrangement.
One way to begin is to answer your own excuses.You haven't any special ability？Most people don't.There are only a few geniuses.You haven't any time？That's good，because it's always the people with no time who get things done.Harriet Stowe，mother of six，and that Grandma Moses showed her first pictures when she was 78.
However you start，remember there is no better time to start than right now，for you'll never be more alive than you are at this moment.
（1）In writing Paragraph 1，the author aims to 　 　.
A.propose a definition.
B.make a comparison.
C.reach a conclusion.
D.present an argument.
（2）According to the author，a person with "his child's heart" tends to 　 　.
A.lead a simple and satisfying life.
B.be curious about the unknown.
C.follow the custom all the time.
D.try to avoid making mistakes.
（3）What can we learn from Paragraphs 6 and 7？ 　 　
A.Lack of talent and time is no reason for taking no action.
B.Experience and special abilities are the keys to success.
C.The genius can get things done easily and creatively.
D.Satisfying yourself can help you become an expert.
（4）What could be the best title of the passage？ 　 　
A.Young Minds Never Feel Contented.
B.Trial and Error Leads lo Success.
C.The Keys to Achievement.
D.Well Begun Is Half Done.
参考答案
北京东城区2023-2024学年高二上学期期中英语试题
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了Beaver Creek是体验雪景之美的好地方，有许多活动让你享受非凡的体验。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段First Track, from Beaver Creek Reserve, lets you be the first on the mountain, with an adventure that begins at 7:30 a. m. when you are met by ski professionals and taken on a private, guided tour—before the mountain is open to the public. 可知， First Track让你成为第一个登上山顶的人，早上7:30开始一场冒险， 在这座山对公众开放之前， 你会遇到滑雪专业人士，并进行一次私人的、有导游的旅行。 所以First Track可以让游客提前参观。故选A项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段At the club, there are private lockers and boot dryers, along with preferred self-parking and a slope-side ski waiter. A receptionist can assist with lift tickets, pass purchases, dinner reservations, and activity recommendations.可知，在俱乐部里，有私人储物柜和干靴机，还有首选的自助停车场和坡面滑雪服务员。接待员可以协助购买电梯票、通行证、晚餐预订和活动建议。所以White Carpet Club的服务特备周到。故选C项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章的标题At Beaver Creek， The Extraordinary Awaits You可以看出， 这是一个吸引游客的景点，文章主要介绍了Beaver Creek的几个旅游项目，目的是吸引游客去体验。故选A项。
【答案】24. B 25. C 26. A 27. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了耳朵虫歌曲，即歌曲某个片段不由自主地反复在脑子里出现且不受控制的现象。针对这种现象，作者提出了几条行之有效的方法。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。 根据第一段These are commonly known as earworm songs—those sticky tunes that continue to play in your head.可知耳朵虫歌曲指的是“一直黏在脑袋里的音乐”，即最近经常听到的歌曲，故选B。
【25题详解】
词义猜测题。 In that instance, she was able to identify her earworm’s trigger: the Gaston-looking man in the poster.句子后半句the Gaston-looking man in the poster解释了为什么“Be Our Guest” 这首歌一直出现在Margulis脑海里：海报中那个看起来像Gaston的人。所以此处trigger有“原因”之意，故选C。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。 从第五段可知录制的音乐和耳朵虫音乐都是一种新现象，无论走到哪里都能反复听到同一首歌，这是人类发展、科技发展的结果。故选A。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。 第五段最后一句话But there are some well-established ways to cast off the earworm songs.是对下面三段的总结。最后三段列举了摆脱耳朵虫歌曲行之有效的方法，故选D。
【点睛】近年来高考加大了猜测词义题的考查，主要包括对生词生义的推测、熟词生义的推测以及对it/they/them/that/those等代词指代对象的判断等。
做这种类型的题，要根据词、词组、句子所在的语境来判断其意义，因此熟练掌握一些猜词技巧是做好这类题的关键。猜测词义时，要掌握以下5种解题技巧：
技巧 1 对比法：利用文中的反义词、表对比关系的词或同义词猜测词义。
技巧 2 因果法：从原因推测结果，从结果推测原因。
技巧3 构词法：还可以依靠构词法方面的知识，从生词本身猜测词义。
技巧4 根据句子结构进行判断。
技巧5 根据上下文进行判断：利用语境及前后的提示来猜测词义。
例如第二题中trigger的意思就是根据语境来判断的。
【答案】28. C 29. B 30. D 31. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了人们对于生活中自动化的评价及看法。
【28题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Nearly everyone agreed that people would be working less once computers and other kinds of automatic machinery became widespread. For optimists, this was a promise of liberation: At last humanity would be freed from constant toil, and we could all devote our days to more refined pursuits. But others saw a threat: Millions of people would be thrown out of work, and desperate masses would roam the streets. Looking back from 50 years hence, the controversy over automation seems a quaint and curious episode. The dispute was never resolved. (几乎每个人都同意，一旦计算机和其他种类的自动化机器普及，人们的工作量就会减少。对于乐观主义者来说，这是一种解放的承诺：最终，人类将从不断的劳动中解放出来，我们都可以把我们的时间投入到更精致的追求中去。但其他人看到了一个威胁：数百万人将失去工作，绝望的群众将漫步街头。从50年前开始回顾，围绕自动化的争论似乎是一个古怪而奇怪的插曲。争端从未得到解决)”可知，自从自动化产生，人们对于其孰优孰劣的争论一直持续不断。由此可知，本段主要想表达的内容是自动化的问题仍在讨论中。故选C。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Automation is not just a new kind of mechanization but a revolutionary force capable of overturning our social order. Whereas mechanization made workers more efficient— and thus more valuable — automation threatens to make them superfluous (过剩的) — and thus without value. (自动化不仅是一种新型的机械化，而且是一种能够颠覆社会秩序的革命力量。机械化使工人更有效率，因而更有价值，而自动化则使他们变得多余，因而没有价值)”可推知，根据J.Hayes的说法，自动化是更好发展的革命性力量。故选B。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“So far, automation has neither liberated us from the need to work nor deprived (剥夺) us of the opportunity to work. Instead, we’re working more than ever. (到目前为止，自动化既没有把我们从工作的需要中解放出来，也没有剥夺我们工作的机会。相反，我们比以往任何时候都更加努力)”可推知，作者对自动化对工作的影响持中立的态度。故选D。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Replacing the scientist will presumably be a little harder than replacing the lab technician, but when a machine exhibits enough curiosity and tenacity, I think we’ll just have to welcome it as a companion in zealous research.(取代科学家可能会比取代实验室技术员更难一些，但当一台机器表现出足够的好奇心和韧劲时，我认为我们只能欢迎它作为热情研究的伙伴)”可推知，在发展中应合理接受自动化。故选C。
北京市大兴区2023-2024学年高二上学期期中英语试卷
【答案】21. C 22. C 23. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了地平线研究所年度冬季研讨会的相关信息。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Background部分的“Established in 2005, Horizon Institute is committed to bridging the gap between academic theory and real-world application.(地平线研究所成立于2005年，致力于弥合学术理论与现实应用之间的差距。)”可知，地平线研究所的主要使命是将学术教学与实践经验联系起来。故选C。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Facilities and Features部分的“Interactive sessions with industry experts.( 与行业专家的互动会议。)”和“Dedicated mentorship by experienced professionals.(由经验丰富的专业人士提供专业指导。)”可知，学生们可以期待与来自不同行业的专业人士进行互动。故选C。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章For More Details部分的“Visit our campus on November 15th for an open house session.(11月15日参观我们的校园，参加开放日活动。)”可知，可以通过参加11月15日的开放日来收集有关研讨会的深入信息。故选B。
【答案】24. C 25. A 26. D 27. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“安静之角”的特殊之处。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第二段中“Legend had it that anyone speaking beneath this lamppost, regardless of the surrounding noise, would find their words drowned out, replaced by an mysterious peace. (传说任何在这个灯柱下说话的人，不管周围有什么噪音，都会发现他们的话被淹没，取而代之的是一种神秘的平静。)”可知，在格雷维尔的《安静之角》人们发现他们的话语被安静所取代。故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第三段中“Ella, a journalist new to Grayville, stumbled upon this corner during an assignment. Doubtful, she decided to test the legend. (艾拉是格雷维尔新来的记者，在一次任务中偶然发现了这个角落。她心存疑虑，决定验证一下这个传说。)”可知，埃拉来到这里是为了验证一下这个传说。故选A。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第三段中“Whispering her deepest fears about her failing career and struggles in the big city, she was shocked when all she heard was a calming whisper, almost as if the world around her paused. (她低声诉说着自己对事业失败和在大城市里的挣扎最深的恐惧，当她听到的只是平静的低语时，她震惊了，仿佛她周围的世界都停顿了。)”可知，埃拉在经历了角落的魔法后感到很惊讶，但又感觉仿佛她周围的世界都停顿了，即感到一种平静。故选D。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“She discovered that decades ago, a musician named Alaric had lost his voice and would visit the corner every night, playing his silent tunes on a violin, hoping to communicate through his music. Some believed that the corner absorbed Alaric’s yearning for expression and became a place for all who sought to voice their innermost emotions. (她发现，几十年前，一位名叫阿拉里的音乐家失声了，每天晚上都会来到这个角落，用小提琴演奏他无声的曲调，希望通过他的音乐与人交流。一些人认为，这个角落吸收了阿拉里克对表达的渴望，成为所有寻求表达内心情感的人的地方。)”可知，阿拉里那无声的曲调增加了角落的神秘感。故选D。
【答案】28. C 29. C 30. C
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，文章讲述了中国科学家最近在实验室中实现了用二氧化碳精确合成糖，标志着人工糖合成迈出了关键一步。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Moreover, the process of extracting sugar has been affected by uncertain raw material supplies due to land degradation and shortages, ecosystem degradation and extreme weather and natural disasters caused by global warming.(此外，由于土地退化和短缺、生态系统退化以及全球变暖导致的极端天气和自然灾害，原料供应不确定，影响了提取糖的过程)”及文章第四段“As a result, artificial sugar synthesis has been continually studied by the scientific community in recent years, and scientists around the world have contributed to the effort.(因此，近年来，人工糖的合成一直受

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