资源简介 重点词语讲解练习2023年秋季学期7年级上册(外研版)1.some 和any 的用法:some 和any既可以修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词。(1) 表示“一些”时,一般情况下,some用于肯定句;any用语否定句和疑问句。如:We’ve got some juice.Have you got any meat I haven’t got any milk.(2) 在表示建议、请求、征求意见等问句中,也用some而不用any.如:Would you like some coffee Could you lend me some paper (3)any 用于肯定句中是表示“任何一个”。如:Sam is taller than any other student in his class.2.如何提出邀请或建议:(1) -Would you like to go to the cinema with me tonight --Yes, I’d love to. (注意:此处应省略到to.)(2)Why not go to the cinema with me tonight (3)What / How about going to the cinema with me tonight (4)Shall we go to the cinema tonight (5)Would you please turn down the radio (6)You’d better put on your coat.(7)You should put on your coat.(8)It’s a good idea to have a picnic this Sunday.3.序数词one –first two—secondthree—third four—fourthfive—fifth eight—eighthten—tenth nine—ninthtwelve—twelfth twenty—twentiethforty-three—forty-third sixty-eight—sixty-eighth4.几个“说”的用法(1)speak + 语言;He can speak 3 languages.She can speak English well.(2)say + 说的内容;How can I say it in English (3)talk 不及物,talk about sth. 或 talk with/ to sb. “交谈”;Please talk about your family in English.I really enjoy talking with my friends in my free time. No talking, please.(4)tell 的用法A. “告诉” tell sb. to do sth.Mother told me to clean my bedroom.B. “讲述”Tell a story in English, please.Don’t believe him. He is telling a lie. 别相信他,他在说谎。C. “分辨”Can you tell the differences between the two pictures Eg.What language does she ________ A. tell B. speak C. talk D. say选B. 这四个“说”的用法各不相同:5..in/on在表示空间位置时,in表示在某个空间的范围以内,on表示在某一个物体的表面之上。例如:There is a bird in the tree. 树上有只鸟。There is a picture on the wall.墙上有张图。6.. this/that/these/those(1)this常常用来指在时间、地点上更接近讲话人的人和事,these是this的复数形式。that常常用来指在时间、地点上离讲话人更远一点的人和事,those时that的复数形式。例如:You look in this box and I’ll look in thatone over there.你看看这个盒子,我去看那边的那个盒子。I want this car, not that car. 我想要这辆小汽车,不是那一辆。Take these books to his room, please. 请把这些书拿到他房间去。This is mine; that’s yours. 这个是我的,那个是你的。These are apples; those are oranges. 这些是苹果,那些是橘子。(2)在打电话的用语中,this常常指的是我,that常常指的是对方。例如:This is Mary speaking. Who’s that 我是玛丽。你是谁?6. There be/ haveThere be "有",其确切含意为"某处或某时存在某人或某物。"其结构是:There be + 某人或某物 + 表示地点或时间的状语。There be 后面的名词实际上是主语,be 动词的形式要和主语在数上保持一致,be动词后面的名词是单数或不可数名词时用is,名词是复数时用are。例如:(1) There is a big bottle of coke on the table桌上有一大瓶子可乐。(2) There are many apples on the tree那树上有许多苹果。总之,There be结构强调的是一种客观存在的"有"。have表示"拥有,占有,具有",即:某人有某物(sb. have / has sth.)。主语一般是名词或代词,与主语是所属关系。例如:(4) I have two brothers and >我有两个兄弟,一个姐姐。(5) That house has four rooms.那所房子有四个房间。7. look/ see/ watch(1)look 表示“看、瞧”,着重指认真看,强调看的动作,表示有意识地注意看,但不一定看到,以提醒对方注意。,如:Look! The children are playing computer games. 瞧!孩子们在玩电脑游戏。Look! What’s that over there 看!那边那个是什么?单独使用是不及物动词,如强调看某人/物,其后接介词at,才能带宾语,如:He’s looking at me。他正在看着我。(2)see强调“看”的结果,着重的是look这个动作的结果,意思是“看到”,see是及物动词,后面能直接跟宾语。如:What can you see in the picture 你能在图上看到什么?Look at the blackboard. What did you see 看黑板!你看到了什么?(3)watch“观看,注视”,侧重于场面,表示全神贯注地观看、观察或注视某事务的活动,强调过程,常用于“看电视、看足球、看演出”等。如:Yesterday we watched a football match on TV. 昨天我们从电视上看了一场足球比赛。8. fine, nice, good, well四者都可用作形容词表示"好"之意,但前三者既可作表语又可作定语,而后者仅用作表语。主要区别在于:(1)fine指物时表示的是质量上的"精细",形容人时表示的是"身体健康",也可以用来指"天气晴朗"。例如:Your parents are very fine. 你父母身体很健康。That's a fine machine. 那是一台很好的机器。It's a fine day for a walk today. 今天是散步的好时候。(2)nice主要侧重于人或物的外表,有"美好","漂亮"的意思,也可用于问候或赞扬别人。例如:Lucy looks nice. 露西看上去很漂亮。It's very nice of you. 你真好。(3)good形容人时指"品德好",形容物时指"质量好",是表示人或物各方面都好的普通用语。例如:Her son is a good student. 她儿子是一个好学生。The red car is very good. 那辆红色小汽车很好。(4)well只可用来形容人的"身体好",但不能作定语,它也能用作副词作状语,多放在所修饰的动词之后。例如:I'm very well, thanks. 我身体很好,谢谢。My friends sing well. 我的朋友们歌唱得好。9.little 与few的区别:(1)little 修饰不可数名词;few 修饰可数名词。(2)a little/ few 表示肯定意义“有一些”;little/ few 表示否定意义“没多少”(3)only + a + little / few(4) little表示“小”时,可以修饰可数名词。如:a little girlEg: I don’t like apples very much. I only eat ______.A. a little B. a lot C. not a little D. many选A.10.特殊疑问句系列1. What colour + ... 这是一个询问颜色的常用句型。应注意的是,并非对所有带颜色部分提问都用这个句型。应先分清其在句中所作的成分(详见第15期第2面)。如:The car is black. → What colour is the car The black car is my father's. → Which car is your father's 2. What's the time, please / What time is it, please 这两个句型都是“请问几点了?”的意思。当你向对方询问时间时,可用这两个句型。如:—What's the time, please (What time is it, please ) 请问几点了?—It's half past eight. 八点半了。3. How many +复数名词+are there +介词短语?此句的意思是“在某地有多少……?”。它后面只能接名词的复数形式,不可接单数名词或不可数名词。如:How many children are there in the room 房间里有多少个孩子?问某人职业的句子有:What is sb. / What does sb. do / What is sb.’s job 等。4. What does the young man do He is ______.A. a teacher B. my uncle C. our teacher D. Mr. Li选A.11. 介词to系列to是表示方向、去向的介词,后接名词或代词作宾语。若宾语是人称代词,则要用其宾格形式。1. give sth to sb(=give sb sth)当你想表达"把某物给某人"时,那就用它好了。give后接的是双宾语,指人的sb为间接宾语,指物的sth为直接宾语。如:Give her an apple, please.= Give an apple to her, please. 请给她一个苹果。2. take sth / sb to ...此句型意为"把......带到......去",它强调的是带走或拿走(即远离说话人)。如:Take the book to the teacher's room, please. 请把这本书带到老师的办公室去。12.thousand和hundred(1)数字+ thousand/ hundred/ million/ billion (此处不变复数)如:ten thousand people(2) thousand/ hundred/ million/ billion+ s+ of (此处无具体数字)如:thousands of studentsEg: China’s history is more than 5 ________ years .A. thousands of B. thousand ofC. thousand D thousands答案:C13.动词不定式to系列--这里的to虽然和上面的to一模一样,但它的身份不同:它是动词不定式的"标志词",其后要接动词原形。看看它在句中的表现吧:1. help sb (to) do sth (=help sb with sth)帮助别人也会给自己带来快乐。帮助某人做某事通常锁定help sb (to) do sth。它后面的不定式符号to既可以保留,也可以省略,也可接介词with。如:Bob helps me(to) learn English at school.(=Bob helps me with my English at school.) 在学校,鲍勃帮我学习英语。2. like to do sth每个人都有自己的爱好。当你喜欢或想去做某件事时,一定要想到like to do sth。如:We all like to watch football matches. 我们都喜欢看足球比赛。3. ask sb to do sth此句意为"请某人去做某事"。句中的to do sth是指宾语sb所发出的动作,而不是指主语的动作。如:They ask us to have lunch. 他们请我们去吃午饭。4. Joe asked me ______ late again.A. don’t be B. not beC. not to be D. am not选C. 不定式的否定形式是 not to do / not do如:ask sb. to do/ not to do sth.make sb. do/ not do sth.14.其他类型。1. Your father is sleeping. You’d better ___________.A. not to wake him up B. not wake him upC. not wake up him D. not to wake up him选B. wake up sb. “叫醒某人”。此类短语的特点是当宾语为名词时,位置可前可后,但当宾语为代词时,应该放在中间。如:wake Tom up / wake up Tom2.“到达”的应用。I home a cold morning.A. reached to, on B. arrived at, in C. got to, on D. arrived, on选D. 此题考查了两个知识点:(1) 表示“到达”的英文有 arrive at/ in; get to; reach 等。但当后接副词时则省略介词。3.one ... the other ...该句型的意思是 “一个 …… 另一个……”,必须用于两者中。如:I have two pens. One is red, the other is black. 我有两枝钢笔,一枝是红色的,另一枝是黑色的。4. Is your friend a boy or a girl 意思是“你的朋友是男孩还是女孩?”,这是一个选择疑问句。英语中的选择疑问句是由“一般疑问句+ or + 一般疑问句”构成,or后面的一般疑问句与前面相同的部分常省略。回答时不能用Yes或No来回答,只能选择其一作答。上句可这样回答:He is a boy.或 She is a girl. 也可直接回答A boy. 或 A girl.。5. It's time to do sth (=It's time for sth)俗话说Time is money, time is life. (时间就是金钱,时间就是生命。)所以我们得树立正确的时间观念,该学习时(It's time to study.)就认真学,该玩时(It's time to play.)就痛快玩。Do you think so 6. Let’s go and ________ .A. play the tennis B play with tennisC play piano D play the piano选D. 此时play作“演奏”讲,乐器前应加the. 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览