资源简介

(共27张PPT)
Breaking boundaries
4
U N I T
The Words That Changed A Nation
To watch the video to know the miserable life of the black;
To read the passage and get the main idea of it;
To read and think how the speech moved people in the Civil War, even people today.
We have known something about black slaves in paintings, literature works, speeches, TV plays and movies. Exchange what you have known in groups.
black slaves’ miserable life
Roots
the history of a black family in America.
Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Gone with Wind
good relationship
Watch the video and answer the questions.
1
1. How did slave owners regard their slaves
2. What was a slave’s life like
They didn’t regard them as humans but as animals, without respecting them.
Daily life for a slave involved back-breaking labour. Slaves had to work all day long without enough rest. They were often physically abused by their owners and had no legal rights.
The passage is about a speech.
The speech changed the nation.
What can you guess from the title and picture
The Words That Changed A Nation
Abraham Lincoln is making a speech.
Look at the title and skim the passage. Choose the book in which you would most likely find the passage.
1. The Power of Speech
2. Famous US Presidents
3. Great Battles in History
On a grey afternoon on 19 November 1863, a tall, thin man mounted a platform in a field in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania and began to speak. The place was the site of a recent battle where thousands of soldiers had died. The man was Abraham Lincoln, President of the United States of America and he was there in memory of the soldiers who had died. The speech he gave was just 268 words long and lasted two minutes. But this address to the crowd changed the minds of his people and helped shape a nation.
2
The outline of the passage
Abraham Lincoln made a speech.
Why he made the speech
How his speech influenced America
Abraham Lincoln’s Gettysburg address
What nation people wished to set up when they first came to the land
Why people gathered here and why the civil war broke out
Why the civil war must continue until they succeeded
Organise information from the passage and complete the notes.
Speaker: Abraham Lincoln
Setting (date & place):
Background event:
On 19 November 1863, in a field in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania
The Battle of Gettysburg in 1863, which resulted in over 50,000 casualties.
The Gettysburg Address
3
How did Lincoln describe the founding of the US
What challenges did the Civil War bring to the nation
It was a new nation conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. / It aimed at bringing freedom to the people and was based on the principle that all men are created equal.
It would test whether a nation conceived in Liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal can long endure.
How did Lincoln describe the men who fought in the war
They gave their lives so that their nation might live. They were brave men whose struggles had consecrated the ground.
What was the “great task” that Lincoln described
Who would be responsible for carrying out this task
That this nation shall have a new birth of freedom; and that this government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.
The living should be dedicated to the task.
Watch the video about the famous speech by Lincoln and complete the activities.
1. What was Lincoln’s purpose in giving the speech
He wanted to give the people hope, belief and a reason to look to the future.
2. Lincoln talked about government “of the people, by the people, for the people”. What does this mean
“Of the people” means that government should be made up of or drawn from the people; “by the people” means that government should be run by ordinary people; “for the people” means that government should use its power for the people’s benefit.
3. What other speeches can you think of that stress the importance of breaking boundaries
Jane Goodall does her best to tell people to break the boundary between wild life and human beings and respect and protect the living things on the earth.
4. What efforts to break boundaries are described in the two reading passages in this unit
In the first passage, doctors or other people of different backgrounds worked together so save people in danger. In the second passage, Lincoln called on the people of the United States to strive for a free nation where all men are equal.
In English, prepositions can be used to show ideas in a clear and concise way. An example is within the speech: “government of the people, by the people, for the people”.
介词往往能产生更丰富的语义表达效果。在该演讲稿的结束语“... this government of the people, by the people, for the people ...”中，of表达出“属于”的含义，by突出“由人民监督、管理”的含义，for意为“为了”，言简意赅地表明决心：使民有、民治、民享的政府永存。
Work in groups. Give a talk about the significance of abolishing slavery in the US.
4
1. Organise your ideas by answering the questions.
What was the US like before slavery was abolished
How was it different afterwards
In what ways did the abolition of slavery help to break boundaries
2. Do research to find more evidence to support your ideas.
3. Give your talk to the class.
What was the US like before slavery was abolished
The US was divided into states in the North that prohibited slavery, and states in the South which allowed slavery and depended upon slavery economically. Slavery was a very cruel institution, and caused great human suffering in the states that permitted it. Reliance on slavery also made the South less technologically advanced than the North.
How was it different afterwards
In what ways did the abolition of slavery help to break boundaries
Slaves were freed and were regarded as equal under the law, at least in theory. In practice, black Americans continued to suffer great discrimination in the South for the next hundred years, until the birth of the modern civil rights movement in the 1960s. The legacy of slavery continues to affect race relations in the US today.
The abolition of slavery made former slaves and their former masters equal before the law. This was the first step towards true equality.
Write a speech about the significance of abolishing slavery in the US. Remember to use effective ways to find information to support your ideas.

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