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Unit3单词讲义
cuisine
词性：名词
中文意思：烹饪风格，菜肴
英文释义：style of cooking or preparation of food
词源：来自拉丁语 "cūsina"，意为“烹饪”或“食物”。
例句：The restaurant's cuisine is a fusion of Italian and Asian flavors.
固定搭配：French cuisine, Chinese cuisine, international cuisine
近义词：cuisine, cooking style, food preparation
prior
词性：形容词/副词
中文意思：优先的，先前的
英文释义：coming before in time or order; more important or urgent than others
词源：来自拉丁语 "prior"，意为“较早的”或“在先的”。
例句：I have a prior commitment tonight, so I can't attend the meeting.
固定搭配：prior to, prioritize, prior experience
近义词：earlier, former, previous
consist
词性：动词
中文意思：由...组成，包含
英文释义：to be made up of; include
词源：来自拉丁语 "consistere"，意为“站在一起”或“一致”。
例句：The team consists of five members.
固定搭配：consist of, consist in, consist with
近义词：comprise, include, contain
pepper
词性：名词/动词
中文意思：胡椒粉，辣椒；撒胡椒粉于，使充满刺激
英文释义：a pungent spice made from dried fruit of a climbing plant; sprinkle or season with pepper
词源：来自拉丁语 "piper"，意为“胡椒”。
例句：She likes her food with lots of pepper.
固定搭配：black pepper, white pepper, pepper spray, pepper the conversation with humor
近义词：spice, chili, seasoning, flavoring
recipe
词性：名词
中文意思：食谱，配方；方法，秘诀
英文释义：a set of instructions for preparing a dish or drink; a method or secret for achieving something
词源：来自拉丁语 "recipere"，意为“取回”或“接收”。
例句：Can you give me the recipe for your famous chocolate cake
固定搭配：homemade recipe, secret recipe, recipe book, follow a recipe
近义词：recipe book, formula, method, technique
bold - 词性：形容词
中文意思：大胆的，勇敢的
英文释义：having or showing courage and confidence; daring
词源：来自古英语 bold，意为“有力量的”
例句：He is a bold adventurer who has climbed the highest mountain in the world.
固定搭配：as bold as brass（非常大胆）
近义词：courageous, brave, fearless
chef - 词性：名词
中文意思：厨师，大厨
英文释义：a skilled cook who prepares elaborate meals for special occasions or customers in a restaurant or hotel
词源：来自法语 chef de cuisine，意为“厨房主管”
例句：The chef prepared a delicious meal for the guests.
固定搭配：head chef（主厨），chef de partie（部门厨师）
近义词：cook, culinary artist, food preparer
peppercorn - 词性：名词
中文意思：胡椒粒，胡椒粉
英文释义：a small berry with a spicy taste that is used to flavor food
词源：来自中古英语 peper corne，意为“胡椒粒”
例句：She added a pinch of peppercorn to the soup.
固定搭配：black peppercorn（黑胡椒粒），white peppercorn（白胡椒粒）
近义词：spice, seasoning, piquancy
vinegar - 词性：名词
中文意思：醋，醋酸
英文释义：an acidic liquid made from fermented alcohol and used for flavoring or preserving food
词源：来自古法语 vinaigre，意为“酸酒”
例句：She added vinegar to the salad dressing.
固定搭配：apple cider vinegar（苹果醋），white vinegar（白醋）
近义词：acetic acid, sour liquid, pickling liquid
stuff - 词性：名词/动词
中文意思：东西，材料；塞满，填充
英文释义：1. material used for filling or covering something 2. fill (something) tightly with material or things
词源：来自古英语 stutf，意为“材料”或“东西”
例句：1. The stuffing inside the pillow was lumpy. 2. She stuffed her clothes into the suitcase.
固定搭配：good stuff（好东西），stuffed animal（毛绒玩具），stuffed shirt（保守的人）
onion：
词性：名词
中文意思：洋葱
英文释义：a round, pungent-smelling vegetable with a white or reddish bulb and layers of papery skin.
词源：来自古英语“unweona”，意为“洋葱”。
例句：I like to add onions to my spaghetti sauce.
固定搭配：onion soup, onion ring, onion cutter
近义词：bulb, shallot
lamb：
词性：名词
中文意思：羔羊，小羊肉
英文释义：a young sheep that is usually under one year old and has not been castrated.
词源：来自古英语“l mbe”，意为“羔羊”。
例句：We had lamb for dinner last night.
固定搭配：lamb chop, lamb stew, spring lamb
近义词：sheep, mutton
elegant：
词性：形容词
中文意思：优雅的，精致的
英文释义：having beauty of form, style, or manner; graceful.
词源：来自拉丁语“eligere”，意为“选择”。
例句：She looked elegant in her evening gown.
固定搭配：elegant dress, elegant jewelry, elegant design
近义词：graceful, stylish, refined
dim：
词性：形容词
中文意思：昏暗的，模糊的
英文释义：not bright or clear; faint or indistinct.
词源：来自古英语“deman”，意为“黑暗”。
例句：The lights were dim in the room.
固定搭配：dim light, dim memory, dim view
近义词：faint, blurry, hazy
exceptional：
词性：形容词
中文意思：异常的，特别的，卓越的
英文释义：better than normal; unusual; outstanding.
词源：来自拉丁语“excepcionem”，意为“例外”。
例句：He has an exceptional talent for music.
固定搭配：exceptional performance, exceptional circumstances, exceptional achievement
近义词：extraordinary, remarkable, outstanding
minimum
词性：名词、形容词
中文意思：最小值，最低限度
英文释义：the smallest possible amount or degree; the least that is needed or allowed
词源：来自拉丁语的minima "最小的"
例句：The temperature has dropped to the minimum this winter.
固定搭配：minimum wage（最低工资），minimum age（最低年龄）
近义词：smallest, lowest, least
consume
词性：动词
中文意思：消耗，消费
英文释义：to use up or destroy (something) completely
词源：来自拉丁语的consumere "完全消耗"
例句：The car consumes a lot of fuel.
固定搭配：consume energy（消耗能量），consume resources（消耗资源）
近义词：use up, expend, exhaust
temper
词性：名词、动词
中文意思：脾气，性情；调和，使缓和
英文释义：a person's mood or emotional state; to make something less extreme or intense
词源：来自古英语的tempor "时间，时期"，与现代英语中的temper（脾气）没有直接关系。
例句：She has a bad temper. He tried to temper his anger with deep breaths.
固定搭配：lose one's temper（发脾气），keep/control one's temper（保持/控制脾气），hot-tempered（脾气暴躁的）
近义词：mood, disposition, emotion
vegetarian
词性：名词、形容词
中文意思：素食者，素食的
英文释义：a person who does not eat meat; relating to food that does not contain meat
词源：来自拉丁语的vegetabilis "蔬菜的"，与现代英语中的vegetarian（素食者）没有直接关系。
例句：He is a vegetarian and never eats meat. The restaurant offers a variety of vegetarian dishes.
固定搭配：vegetarian diet（素食饮食），vegetarianism（素食主义），vegetarian options（素食选择）
近义词：meatless, plant-based, vegan
junk
词性：名词、动词
中文意思：垃圾、废物
英文释义：refuse, waste material, discarded or useless things
词源：来自中古英语的junk，源自荷兰语的junk，意为“碎片”或“残余物”
例句：He cleaned out the junk from his room.（他清理了房间里的垃圾。）
固定搭配：junk food（垃圾食品）、junk mail（垃圾邮件）
近义词：rubbish, trash, garbage
garlic
词性：名词、形容词
中文意思：大蒜
英文释义：a pungent-smelling bulbous plant with a strong taste and used in cooking
词源：来自拉丁语的gari（garum），意为“鱼酱”，因为大蒜常用于制作鱼酱
例句：She added garlic to the sauce for flavor.（她在酱汁中加入了大蒜以增加风味。）
固定搭配：garlic bread（蒜香面包）、garlic oil（大蒜油）
近义词：bulb, garlic cloves
bacon
词性：名词
中文意思：培根
英文释义：cured meat from various animals, typically pork, sliced thin and fried or grilled
词源：来自古英语的b cen，意为“熏肉”
例句：I like my bacon crispy.（我喜欢脆皮培根。）
固定搭配：bacon and eggs（培根和鸡蛋）、bacon jam（培根果酱）
近义词：pancetta, ham, streaky bacon
ham
词性：名词、动词
中文意思：火腿；用火腿制作的食品；腌制；折磨
英文释义：a cut of meat from the hind leg of a pig that has been preserved by salting, smoking, or drying; to treat cruelly or excessively
词源：来自古英语的ham，意为“大腿”或“腿肉”
例句：I had a ham sandwich for lunch.（我午餐吃了一个火腿三明治。）
固定搭配：ham and cheese（火腿和奶酪）、ham salad（火腿沙拉）
近义词：pork leg, bacon, prosciutto
sausage
词性：名词、动词
中文意思：香肠；制造香肠；塞满；把……装入容器中
英文释义：a long cylindrical mass of minced meat, often seasoned and smoked; to fill tightly; to put into a container or receptacle
词源：来自德语的Sauerkraut，意为“酸菜”，因为香肠常与酸菜一起食用
例句：I prefer my sausages without casings.（我喜欢没有肠衣的香肠。）
固定搭配：sausage links（香肠节）、sausage gravy（香肠肉汁）
cabbage：
词性：名词
中文意思：甘蓝，卷心菜
英文释义：a round, leafy vegetable with firm white flesh and a green or purple-green outer layer
词源：来自古英语 cabba（甘蓝）和 age（植物）的组合
例句：She added some chopped cabbage to the stir-fry.
固定搭配：cabbage soup, coleslaw, cabbage leaves
近义词：leafy greens, bok choy, broccoli
brand：
词性：名词、动词
中文意思：品牌，商标；烙印，打烙印于
英文释义：1. a product or service identified by a particular name, design, symbol, etc. 2. to mark (an animal) with a hot iron so that it cannot be lost or stolen
词源：来自古高地德语 branno，意为“烧痕”或“烙印”
例句：This brand of coffee is my favorite.
固定搭配：brand loyalty, brand image, brand new
近义词：trademark, label, mark
olive：
词性：名词、形容词
中文意思：橄榄；橄榄色的
英文释义：1. a small oval fruit with a bitter taste that is often used in cooking 2. of a dark greenish-brown color like an olive
词源：来自拉丁语 oliva，意为“橄榄树”
例句：I love olives on pizza.
固定搭配：olive oil, olive tree, black olives
近义词：olive-colored, greenish-brown, dark brown
fig：
词性：名词
中文意思：无花果
英文释义：a sweet fruit with a soft, juicy flesh and many small seeds inside a hard skin
词源：来自古英语 figa，意为“无花果”
例句：She bought a basket of fresh figs at the market.
固定搭配：dried figs, fig jam, fig leaves
近义词：ficus, dried fruit, dried plum
ingredient：
词性：名词
中文意思：成分，原料，配料
英文释义：a substance that is combined with others to make something else; a constituent part of something
词源：来自拉丁语 ingredientem，意为“加入”或“混合”
例句：The recipe calls for several different ingredients.
固定搭配：key ingredient, main ingredient, all-natural ingredients
近义词：component, element, constituent
dessert
词性：名词
中文意思：甜点，餐后甜品
英文释义：a sweet course served after the main meal
词源：来自法语desservir，意为“服务完毕”
例句：I had a slice of apple pie for dessert.
固定搭配：fruit dessert（水果甜品）、chocolate dessert（巧克力甜品）
近义词：pudding, pastry
dough
词性：名词
中文意思：面团，生面团
英文释义：a mixture of flour, water, and other ingredients that is kneaded or rolled out and then baked or fried
词源：来自古英语dēōg，意为“面团”
例句：She mixed the dough until it was smooth.
固定搭配：bake dough（烤面团）、rise dough（发酵面团）
近义词：pastry, bread dough
stable
词性：形容词/名词
中文意思：稳定的，马厩，养马场
英文释义：not likely to change or be damaged; a building where horses are kept
词源：来自拉丁语stabilis，意为“坚固的”
例句：The company has a stable market share.（这家公司拥有稳定的市场份额。）
固定搭配：stable income（稳定收入）、stable door（马厩门）
近义词：steady, secure
haggis
词性：名词
中文意思：肉馅羊肚，哈吉斯
英文释义：a traditional Scottish dish made from sheep's heart, liver, and lungs mixed with oatmeal and spices, enclosed in the animal's stomach membrane and boiled or baked
词源：来自苏格兰盖尔语haggis，意为“杂碎”
例句：I tried haggis for the first time last night.
固定搭配：traditional haggis（传统哈吉斯）、hot haggis（热哈吉斯）
近义词：black pudding, blood sausage
canteen
词性：名词
中文意思：食堂，水壶，小卖部
英文释义：a place where food and drink are sold, especially in a factory or school; a metal container for carrying water or other liquids
词源：来自法语cantine，意为“食品室”
例句：I usually eat lunch at the school canteen.（我通常在学校食堂吃午饭。）
固定搭配：canteen service（食堂服务）、military canteen（军队食堂）、water canteen（水壶）
cafeteria
词性：名词
中文意思：自助餐厅
英文释义：a self-service restaurant where people can choose what they want to eat and pay for it at a cash desk
词源：来自西班牙语的“cafetería”，意为“咖啡馆”。后来，这个词被用来指代提供自助餐的餐馆。
例句：I usually have lunch in the school cafeteria.
固定搭配：cafeteria food（自助餐厅食物）
近义词：canteen, dining hall
bun
词性：名词
中文意思：面包卷
英文释义：a small round cake of bread, often eaten as a snack or with a meal
词源：来自古英语的“bunne”，意为“小圆面包”。
例句：I like to put jam on my bun.
固定搭配：hot cross bun（热十字面包）
近义词：roll, bread roll
pearl
词性：名词
中文意思：珍珠
英文释义：a hard, smooth, white object produced within the shells of certain mollusks, such as oysters, and valued for its beauty and rarity
词源：来自拉丁语的“persula”，意为“珍珠”。
例句：She wore a necklace made of pearls.
固定搭配：pearl necklace（珍珠项链）
近义词：nacre, gemstone
somewhat
词性：副词
中文意思：稍微，有点
英文释义：to some extent; a little; rather; fairly
词源：来自古英语的“sumwhat”，意为“一点点”。
例句：I'm somewhat tired after working all day.
固定搭配：somewhat of a problem（有点问题）
近义词：slightly, kind of, a bit
calorie
词性：名词
中文意思：卡路里，热量单位
英文释义：a unit for measuring the amount of energy in food and drink, equal to 4.184 joules (焦耳)
词源：来自法语的“calorie”，意为“热量”。
例句：This dish has 500 calories per serving.
固定搭配：calorie intake（卡路里摄入量）
近义词：kilocalorie, heat unit
association
词性：名词
中文意思：协会，联合，联想
英文释义：a group of people or organizations that have joined together for a common purpose
词源：来自拉丁语associatio，意为“将两个或多个事物结合在一起”
例句：I am a member of the local photography association.
固定搭配：trade association（行业协会），professional association（专业协会）
近义词：society, union, alliance
regardless
词性：副词
中文意思：不管，不顾
英文释义：without considering something or someone; in spite of something
词源：来自古英语regardless，意为“不考虑的，不关心的”
例句：Regardless of the weather, we will go on the trip.
固定搭配：regardless of the consequences（不顾后果），regardless of age（不论年龄）
近义词：anyway, nevertheless, in any case
category
词性：名词
中文意思：类别，种类
英文释义：a group of things or people that are similar in some way
词源：来自拉丁语categoria，意为“分类”
例句：This book belongs to the fiction category.
固定搭配：category mistake（范畴错误），broad category（大类）
近义词：class, type, genre
vitamin
词性：名词
中文意思：维生素
英文释义：any of various organic compounds essential in small amounts in the diet for normal growth and nutrition
词源：来自拉丁语vitamin，意为“生命”
例句：Vitamin C is good for your health.
固定搭配：vitamin deficiency（维生素缺乏），vitamin pill（维生素片）
近义词：nutrient, supplement, mineral
fibre
词性：名词
中文意思：纤维，纤维质
英文释义：any of various natural or synthetic substances that are insoluble in water and can be spun into thread or felted into cloth
词源：来自拉丁语fibra，意为“丝”
例句：Eating more fruits and vegetables can increase your fiber intake.
固定搭配：fiber optics（光纤），fiberglass（玻璃纤维）
近义词：textile, fabric, yarn
quantity
词性：名词
中文意思：数量，量
英文释义：the amount or number of something that is being measured, counted, or expressed
词源：来自拉丁语quantitas（数量）
例句：The quantity of food we need to buy depends on the number of people coming to the party.
固定搭配：a large/small quantity of（大量的/少量的），in quantity（大量地），in small/large quantities（小量/大量地）
近义词：amount, number, volume
dairy
词性：形容词
中文意思：乳制品的，奶制品的
英文释义：relating to or made from milk
词源：来自古英语d gry（牛奶）
例句：We need to buy some dairy products like milk and cheese for the party.
固定搭配：dairy farm（奶牛场），dairy products（乳制品），dairy industry（奶制品工业）
近义词：lactose, lactic, lacteal
moderation
词性：名词/形容词
中文意思：适度，节制，中庸
英文释义：the quality of not being extreme; avoiding excesses; temperance
词源：来自拉丁语moderationem（适度）
例句：He lives a life of moderation, neither too rich nor too poor.
固定搭配：in moderation（适度地），moderation in all things（中庸之道），moderation of alcohol intake（饮酒适量）
近义词：temperance, restraint, self-control
ideal
词性：形容词/名词
中文意思：理想的，完美的，理念的
英文释义：existing only in the imagination or as an idea, perfect or suitable for a particular purpose
词源：来自希腊语idea（观念，形式）和eidos（看，形状）
例句：My ideal job would be one where I can work from home and have flexible hours.
固定搭配：ideal world（理想世界），ideal partner（理想伴侣），ideal solution（理想解决方案）
近义词：perfect, flawless, utopian
fundamental
词性：形容词/名词
中文意思：基本的，根本的，重要的
英文释义：fundamental principles or concepts; essential or necessary; basic or primary
词源：来自拉丁语fundamentum（基础，根基）
例句：Good communication is fundamental to a successful relationship.
固定搭配：fundamental rights（基本权利），fundamental principles（基本原则），fundamental change（根本性变革）
近义词：basic, essential, underlying
chew
词性：动词
中文意思：咀嚼，嚼碎
英文释义：to crush or grind (something) between the teeth
词源：来自古英语 cēfan，意为“咀嚼”
例句：She was chewing gum while she worked.
固定搭配：chew over（仔细考虑）
近义词：masticate, gnaw, munch
consistent
词性：形容词
中文意思：一致的，连贯的
英文释义：in agreement; not changing or contradictory
词源：来自拉丁语 consistere，意为“站在一起”
例句：His actions are not consistent with his words.
固定搭配：consistent effort（持续的努力）
近义词：constant, steady, unchanging
modest
词性：形容词
中文意思：谦虚的，适度的
英文释义：not large in amount or size; moderate; humble
词源：来自拉丁语 modestia，意为“谦虚”
例句：He is a very modest man who never brags about his achievements.
固定搭配：modest proposal（温和的建议）
近义词：humble, self-effacing, unassuming
trick
词性：名词/动词
中文意思：诡计，恶作剧；欺骗，诈骗
英文释义：a cunning plan or action; to deceive or cheat
词源：来自古英语 trician，意为“诡计”
例句：He played a trick on his friend by hiding his phone.
固定搭配：trick question（陷阱问题）
近义词：deception, ruse, hoax
overall
词性：副词/形容词/名词
中文意思：总体的，全面的；工装裤；罩衫
英文释义：taking everything into account; a loose-fitting garment worn over other clothes; a coat that covers the whole body
词源：来自中古英语 ooveralle，意为“全部覆盖”
例句：Overall, the company had a good year.

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