资源简介

中考英语谓语类型
一、S+IV
S+IV--- 主语+不及物动词构成的句子
1.不及物动词不跟宾语或补语构成句子
Jack laughed.
杰克笑了。
They smiled.
他们笑了。
John died.
约翰死了。
Mary walked slowly.
玛丽慢慢地走着。
Fire burns.
火烧伤。
I dreamed last night.
我昨晚做梦了。
He wept bitterly.
他伤心地哭了。
You must dress for dinner.
你必须盛装赴宴。
That depends.
那得看情况。
It does not pay.
不赚钱。
Mary went.
玛丽去了。
I arrived.
我到了。
The dog ran.
狗跑了。
The birds sang.
鸟儿唱歌。
The fish swam.
鱼儿游。
The goat jumped.
山羊跳。
My sister cried.
我妹妹哭了。
2.通常跟由宾语的及物动词，如果宾语可以猜出，着重点不是宾语，而是动词（动作）时，可以把宾语省略，用作不及物动词
A tractor can cut, push, pull, dig, lift, pump, carry and spray.
拖拉机能割、推、拉、挖、提、泵、搬运和喷洒。
The blind do not see.
盲人看不见。
We must eat.
我们必须吃东西。
I will change (my dress).
我要换(衣服)。
The knife cuts well.
这把刀很好切。
I will consider.
我会考虑的。
If time permits.
如果时间允许的话。
He can read.
他会读书。
Don’t trouble (yourself).
别(自找麻烦)了。
The stain shows (itself).
污渍(自己)露出来了。
They married (each other).
他们(彼此)结婚了。
3.有些动词用在表示数量的名词前，看起来像及物动词，实际上却是不及物动词
The thermometer rose (or fell) two degrees.
温度计上升(或下降)了两度。
He waited ten minutes.
他等了十分钟。
The wedding lasted three days.
婚礼持续了三天。
I walked five miles.
我走了五英里。
二、S+IV.AP
S+IV.AP 主语+不及物动词和特定的地点副词构成的成语
许多不及物动词可以跟有特定的地点副词，与之构成成语。但是在多数情况下，这些副词并不表示地点，而有其他意思，因此可以称作副词性小品词（Adverbial Particle）
1.Don't answer back (=answer rudely) when a superior speaks to you.
上司和你说话时，不要粗鲁地顶嘴。
2.He backs away (=draws back) from her because he has made her angry.
他从她面前退缩了，因为他惹她生气了。
3.Don’t worry, I will never back out (=fail to fulfil a promise).
别担心，我决不会食言的。
4.In order to survive, we must band together (=unite).
为了生存，我们必须联合起来。
5.He barged in (=interrupted rudely) while we were talking.
我们正在谈话时，他突然插了进来。
6.The storm will soon blow over (=pass away without injurious effect).
暴风雨很快就会过去，没有造成危害。
7.The dynamite placed beneath the bridge blew up (=exploded).
放在桥下的炸药爆炸了。
8.He blows up (=loses his temper) at every small incident.
他为一点小事就发脾气。
9.Quick! The soup is boiling over (=over-flowing the side of a pan).
快! 汤从锅边溢出来了。
10.Brace up (=take courage) if you really want to get married.
如果你真想结婚，就鼓起勇气吧。
11.Many prisoners broke away (=suddenly escaped).
许多囚犯突然逃跑了。
12.Our car suddenly broke down (=failed to function) on our way home.
在回家的路上，我们的汽车突然抛锚了。
13.A fire broke out (=started suddenly and violently) on Sixth Street.
第六街突然发生了火灾。
14.Tears burst forth (=suddenly appeared).
眼泪突然流出来。
15.She colours up (=blushes) if we mention her love.
我们一提到她的爱情，她就脸红。
16.An accident like this comes about (=happens) every day.
像这样的事故每天都发生。
17.My wife and I come together (=are reconciled) after ten years of quarrel.
我和妻子吵架十年后又和好了。
18.The seeds have come up (=shot up above the ground).
种子已长出地面。
19.When we were talking, a young man came up (=approached).
当我们正在谈话时，一个年轻人走了过来。
20.Three days after the quarrel, I cooled down (=became calm).
吵架三天后，我冷静下来了。
21.She was shocked at the bill, but she had to cough up (=pay, perhaps unwillingly).
她被账单吓了一跳，但还是不得不付钱。
22.All members of my family dine out (=eat away from home) every Sunday.
我们家所有的人每个星期天都到外面吃饭。
23.They drink liquor every day and cannot do without (=dispense with it).
他们每天喝酒，没有酒是不行的。
24.We dressed up (=put on formal clothes) for a banquet.
我们盛装出席宴会。
25.I will drop by (=call casually) when I am free.
我有空时顺便来看你。
26.The production of rice dropped off (=decreased) last year.
去年大米的产量下降了。
27.We were able to get by (=pass) because the road was blocked.
由于道路堵塞，我们得以通过。
28.She got down (=dismounted) from her horse.
她下马了。
29.We got off (=started a journey).
我们下了车开始旅行。
30.How are you getting on I get up at six in the morning.
你过得怎么样 我早上六点起床。
31.Our work went on (=continued).
我们的工作继续进行。
32.The clock ran down (=stopped running, because the battery had exhausted itself).
这钟停了，因为电池没电了。
33.She ran on (=talked incessantly).
她不停地说个不停。
34.Bad weather set in (=began).
坏天气开始了。
35.Before I think ahead (=anticipate) I think back (=recall).
在我未雨绸缪之前，我先回顾一下。
36.Our business is just ticking over (=getting on in a routine way).
我们的生意还算正常。
37.We touched down (=landed after a fight) at 6 p.m.
我们在下午6点降落。
38.Many workers walked out (=refused to work).
许多工人罢工了。
三、S+IVp
S+IVp (This cloth wore well)
约有90个不及物动词用于主动形式却有被动意义，它们通常和表示无生命东西的主语连用：
1.This play acts excellently.
这出戏演得很好。
2.The figures will not add up.
这些数字加起来不一致。
3.The bread bakes well.
这面包烤得很好。
4.The door blew open.
门被风吹开了。
5.The candle blew out.
蜡烛吹灭了。
6.This bottle does not break.
这个瓶子不破。
7.The dust won’t brush off the hat.
灰尘刷不掉帽子。
8.The luggage carries easily.
行李容易携带。
9.David’s raincoat caught on the nail.
大卫的雨衣被钉子钩住了。
10.Some of the sentences won’t construe.
有些句子无法解释。
11.This dress fastens down the back.
这件衣服是从后面扣的。
12.The toilet does not flush.
马桶不冲水了。
13.The eggs hatch out easily.
这些蛋很容易孵化出来。
14.The door will not lock.
这门锁不上。
15.These books pack easily.
这些书容易包装。
16.My watch pawns for two dollars.
我的手表当了两美元。
17.The film does not print well.
这胶卷印得不好。
18.This story reads ill.
这个故事读起来不好。
19.The photo reproduces well.
这张照片复制得很好。
20.These potatoes peel easily.
这些土豆容易剥皮。
21.His house rents at $800 a month.
他的房子每月租金800美元。
22.This poem does not rhyme.
这首诗不押韵。
23.A shame does not rub off.
耻辱是洗不掉的。
24.This plastic scratches easily.
这种塑料容易刮伤。
25.The play screen badly (=is unfit for filming).
这幕戏很不适合拍摄。
26.This wood split straight.
这块木头劈开了。
27.The match will not strike.
火柴划不着。
28.This paper will not tear.
这张纸不会撕破。
29.This material washes easily.
这种料子易洗。
30.Such shoes wear badly.
这种鞋很不耐穿。
31.Drums are beating (=are being beaten).
鼓在敲。
32.This book is binding (=is being bound).
这本书正在装订中。
33.Some trouble is brewing.
有些麻烦正在酝酿之中。
34.Young people are always brimming with new ideas.
年轻人总是充满了新想法。
35.The house is building.
房子正在盖。
36.The bridge is completing now.
这座桥正在完工。
37.The meal is digesting well.
这顿饭消化得很好。
38.The theatre is rapidly filling up with people.
剧院里很快就挤满了人。
39.The fish is frying.
鱼在煎。
40.The cows are milking.
奶牛正在挤奶。
41.One boy is missing.
一个男孩失踪了。
42.He paid what was owing.
他还清了欠款。
43.Music was playing.
音乐在播放。
44.Something is preparing.
有东西准备好了。
45.My application is processing.
我的申请正在处理中。
46.The problem is settling this way.
问题就这样解决了。
47.A new film is showing.
一部新电影正在上映。
48.The boy is shaping well.
这男孩长得很好。
49.The seeds of trouble are sowing.
麻烦的种子正在播下。
50.The fruits are spoiling quickly.
这些水果很快就坏了。
四、S+TV+N 或 S+TV
S+TV+N 或 S+TV.N (John learned Japanese)
1.许多及物动词可以用名词或代词作宾语：
John has a plan.
约翰有个计划。
Do you like him
你喜欢他吗
What an interesting book I am reading!
我正在看一本多么有趣的书啊!
He speaks English.
他说英语。
I love cats.
我喜欢猫。
2.不及物动词有时和后面跟的名词构成成语。整个成语，如果被或化作一个整体，可以堪称是一个不及物动词：
He lost hope (=despaired).
他失去了希望。
He gave ground (=retreated).
他退让了。
The accident took place (=happened) this morning.
事故是今天上午发生的。
He made the grade (=succeeded).
他及格了。
We made our way (=advanced) to the jungle.
我们向丛林前进。
3.在某些成语中，名词前没有冠词，也没有物主代词：
He will bear witness.
他将作见证。
Her beauty beggars description (=makes words poor).
她的美貌难以形容。
Don’t borrow trouble (=worry about trouble that won’t come).
别自寻烦恼(杞人忧天)。
He changed colour (=became pale).
他脸色变白了。
His personality commands esteem (or repeat).
他的人格值得尊敬(或重复)。
I did (=prepared) omelette (or breakfast).
我做了煎蛋卷(或早餐)。
I did (=studied) electricity.
我学过电学。
One must exercise patience and caution when one exercises authority and discipline.
一个人在行使权威和纪律时必须保持耐心和谨慎。
He felt regret, but not satisfaction.
他感到遗憾，但不满意。
After he took the lead, we followed suit.
他带头后，我们也跟着做了。
They gained time by giving me ambiguous answers.
他们给了我模棱两可的回答，为我赢得了时间。
This theory doesn’t hold water (=isn’t valid).
这个理论站不住脚。
My mother kept house and kept books.
我母亲看家记账。
Being hospitable he kept open house (=provided hospitability for any comer).
由于热情好客，他随时欢迎来客。
He cannot keep body and soul together (=keep away hunger).
他无法维持身体和灵魂的健康。
He left school last year.
他去年离开了学校。
Be quick, don’t lost time.
快点，别浪费时间。
Mother makes dinner.
妈妈做晚饭。
It seemed late, but made good time (=travelled fast and arrived on time).
看起来很晚，但还来得及(走得很快，准时到了)。
He doesn’t work hard, but he makes good salary.
他工作不努力，但薪水很高。
The soldiers mounted (or kept, relieved, stood ) guard.
士兵们上岗(或站岗)。
He moved heaven and earth (=did everything) to attack his opponent.
他千方百计地攻击他的对手。
He played second fiddle (=held a subordinate place).
他担任次等职务。
He failed because he had often played truant.
他不及格是因为他经常逃学。
We raised money for a great project.
我们为一个伟大的项目筹集了资金。
I can read character from handwriting.
我能读懂手写的字。
He sowed discord among his enemies.
他在敌人中挑拨离间。
Don’t take alarm if I tell you some bad news.
我告诉你一个坏消息，你不要惊慌。
He has to take breath after climbing upstairs.
他爬上楼后得喘口气。
He took cold and could not work.
他感冒了，不能工作了。
He takes drink and drugs.
他酗酒吸毒。
Don’t tempt providence (=take an unnecessary risk).
不要冒不必要的险。
He has touched bottom (=is beginning to prosper after his worst days).
他已跌入低谷(在最艰难的日子之后开始兴旺起来)。
4.在某些成语中名词前有不定冠词，或作复数：
He often acted a double part (=was deceitful).
他经常两面三刀。
Since I criticized him, he has borne a grudge (=nursed a grievance).
自从我批评他以后，他就怀恨在心。
My sister fixed a date for the celebration.
我姐姐为庆祝活动定了一个日期。
This evening I have a date (or an engagement) (=have a social meeting) with her.
今天晚上我和她有个约会(或约会)。
I made an appointment (=had an engagement to meet some one) for 3 p.m.
我和某人约好下午3点见面。
He made a boast, but who believed him
他自夸，谁信他呢
A big boss behind pulls strings (=secretly exerts influence).
背后有个大老板在幕后牵线搭桥。
Don’t run a risk (=put yourself in danger).
不要冒险。不要把自己置于危险之中。
I would willingly take a back seat (=occupy an unimportant position).
我愿意退居次要位置。
We take a coffee break (=drink coffee and rest a short while) after two hours of work.
工作两小时后，我们喝咖啡休息一会儿。
The situation took a turn (=changed) for the better.
形势有了好转。
5.在另一些成语中名词前有定冠词或有物主代词：
Act your age (=Don’t be children).
别孩子气。
I must bide my time (=wait for a good chance).
我必须等待好机会。
He calls the roll (=calls the names to check who are absent).
他点名检查缺席的人。
When nobody could settle the problem, he cut the Gordian knot (=settle it in an unusual rapid way).
当没有人能解决这个问题时，他以一种不同寻常的快速方式解决了这个难题。
I did the sights (or the travel) (=went sightseeing or took a trip).
我去观光(或旅行)了。
She does her bit (=does her share of duty) splendidly.
她出色地完成了自己的一份职责。
He got the sack (=was dismissed).
他被解雇了。
This car has had its day (=fallen into disuse).
这辆汽车已经过时了。
I jogged his memory (=reminded him).
我唤醒了他的记忆。
He jumped the gun (=started to run before the starter’s gun).
他在发令员鸣枪前就开始跑了。
He made the grade (=succeeded) in business.
他在生意上取得了成功。
The doctor makes (or goes) the rounds (=goes from place to place to inspect) every morning.
医生每天早晨都去各处检查。
Every member should pull his weight (=does his part).
每个成员都应尽自己的一份力。
He swallowed the bait (=was offered a big promise and was caught).
他上当受骗了。
Mary took it (=endured it without complaints) though she was ill-treated).
尽管受到虐待，玛丽还是接受了(毫无怨言地忍受了)。
He just twiddled his thumbs (=didn’t do anything).
他只是游手好闲。
6.人们似乎不喜欢单独用一个不及物动词作谓语，特别是在简单句中。也就是把一个词换成了两个词，用一个do或give这样色彩不重的动词加上一个大多由动词变来的名词。
I Do the cleaning, the reading, the shopping, the translating, a little sewing; a nap, a try, a brisk walk.
我打扫卫生，看书，买东西，翻译，做一点缝纫;打个盹，试一试，快走一走。
He GAVE a cry, a groan, a jump, a shout, a shrug, a long sigh, a satisfied smile.
他叫了一声，呻吟了一声，跳了一跳，叫了一声，耸了耸肩，长叹了一口气，露出满意的微笑。
She TOOK a bath, breath, a nap, a look, notice, objection, recreation, a rest, a solitary stroll, a long walk.
她洗了个澡，喘了口气，打了个盹，看了看，注意了一下，反对了一下，娱乐了一下，休息了一下，独自散步了一下，走了很长一段路。
0

展开更多......

收起↑