资源简介

(共54张PPT)
02 体育运动
语篇演练
I had been swimming competitively for five years but after such a long time, I was ready to quit. I was often the only African American at the swimming competitions and our team couldn’t afford good uniforms. However, my number-one reason for wanting to quit was that I kept receiving “Honorable Mentions (荣誉奖)”. Any athlete knows that you don’t want to have a bookshelf full of “Honorable Mentions”, which you get just because you showed up.
One summer’s day, the day before a big swim meet, I decided to break the news to my grandma that I was quitting the swim team. When I told her, she looked me in the eye and said, “Baby, remember these words ‘Quitters never win and winners never quit.’ Your grandmother didn’t raise losers or quitters. You go to that meet tomorrow, and you swim like you are a grandchild of mine, you hear ” I was too afraid to say anything but “Yes, ma’am.”
Winners Never Quit
The next day we arrived at the swim meet late, missing my group of swimmers in the 15/16 age group. My coach insisted I be allowed to swim with the older group. I knew she was including me in the race so our journey to the meet would not be wasted, and she had no expectations whatsoever that I would come in anything but eighth place and only that, because there weren’t nine lanes.
As I was mounting the board, all the other girls looked at me. I quickly noticed that these girls were all here to do just one thing — beat me. All of a sudden, my grandma’s words rang in my head, “Quitters never win and winners never quit. You swim like you are a grandchild of mine. Quitters never win and winners never quit.” “Yes, Grandma, I will swim like I am a grandchild of yours,” I said to myself.
Winners Never Quit
续写要求：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
SPLASH! I swam harder than I had ever swum before. ____________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
It was then that I heard the claps and cheers around me. __________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
Winners Never Quit
1. number-one reason
2. show up
3. a big swim meet
4. look sb. in the eye
5. ring in one’s head
（一）找出词块对应的中文含义并连线
A. 首要原因
B. 出现；露面
C. 在脑海中回响
D. 直视某人的眼睛
E. 一次大型游泳比赛
（二）概括原文故事情节
I decided to quit the swim team after (1) ________ (swim) competitively for five years. I made the decision for various reasons, but the most important one was that I kept (2) ________ (receive) “Honorable Mentions”, which any athlete could get if he or she showed up. One summer’s day, I told my grandma the decision. She was (3) ________ (strong) against it and asked me to compete in the next day’s swim meet. I had no choice but (4) ________ (agree). However, I arrived there late and missed the competition of my age group. My coach insisted that I should swim with the (5) ________ (old) age group, but I knew she didn’t hold out much hope for my winning. (6) ________ (stand) on the board, I noticed the other girls’ eyes falling on me. I suddenly thought of grandma’s words “Quitters never win and winners never quit” and decided to try my best in the race.
swimming
receiving
strongly
to agree
older
Standing
（一）语篇表达意图（why）——故事主题
阅读材料，找出最能体现故事主题的两个词。
① attitude ② confidence ③ trust
④ teamwork ⑤ responsibility ⑥ perseverance
冲突：_________________________________________________
↓
行动：_________________________________________________
↓
解决：_________________________________________________
（二）语篇表达内容（what）——故事情节
（1）情节结构
“我”一直未能获得理想的成绩，打算退出游泳队。
I had been swimming competitively for five years but after such a long time, I was ready to quit. I was often the only African American at the swimming competitions and our team couldn’t afford good uniforms. However, my number-one reason for wanting to quit was that I kept receiving “Honorable Mentions (荣誉奖)”.
（二）语篇表达内容（what）——故事情节
冲突：
↓
行动：_________________________________________________
↓
解决：_________________________________________________
续写部分
“我”参加游泳比赛，并拼尽全力。
“我”赢下了比赛。
（1）情节结构
“我”一直未能获得理想的成绩，打算退出游泳队。
（二）语篇表达内容（what）——故事情节
（2）情节线索
在①②③三个时间点，“我”分别有怎样的情感？
A. I felt belittled (轻视).
B. I was criticized (批评) and too afraid to disagree.
C. I was determined (坚定的) to try my best in the race.
Winners Never Quit
...
The day before the swim meet...
When we arrived there...
As I mounted the board...
During & after the race...
I felt discouraged and was ready to quit.
________
________
________
...
时间线
情感线
续写部分
①
②
③
B
A
C
在原文中“我”体验过各种打击，它们有的是由事造成的，比如比赛成绩一直不理想；有的则是由人造成的，比如教练对“我”的轻视（让“我”参赛只是不想让“我们”白跑一趟）。在续写部分可以对于这些打击适当地做出一些回应，保证故事情节的连贯。可以结合原文中出现的一些伏笔，如：
However, my number-one reason for wanting to quit was that I kept receiving “Honorable Mentions (荣誉奖)”. Any athlete knows that you don’t want to have a bookshelf full of “Honorable Mentions”, which you get just because you showed up.
（二）语篇表达内容（what）——故事情节
（3）伏笔与呼应
这两个句子表明了“我”打算退出游泳队的最主要原因——成绩不理想。“我”之前拿到的“荣誉奖”并不是因为比赛成绩优异得到的，只是一种安慰奖。这也预示着这次比赛可能与之前有所不同——“我”可能会第一次拿下真正意义上的奖杯/奖牌。
分析
（二）语篇表达内容（what）——故事情节
（3）伏笔与呼应
My coach insisted I be allowed to swim with the older group. I knew she was including me in the race so our journey to the meet would not be wasted...
→____________________________________________________________________________________
练习
教练对“我”在比赛中取得优异的成绩/获奖感到很意外，也很激动，拥抱“我”，祝贺“我”。
结合比赛前教练对待“我”的态度和做法，预测比赛过后她可能的反应。
（二）语篇表达内容（what）——故事人物
（1）主次人物
原文主要讲述了“我”参加游泳比赛前发生的故事，主要人物是“我”。此外也提到了其他一些次要人物，包括：___________________________________________。分析续写段首句可知，后续情节中可能出现的人物有：_________________________。
my grandma, my coach, girls in the 17/18 age group
三者都有可能出现
（二）语篇表达内容（what）——故事人物
（2）人物特点
下面句子是对故事主要人物“我”的描写，其中运用了哪些描写手法？体现了“我”什么样的特点？在续写段落中可以设计什么情节来印证这样的特点？
Any athlete knows that you don’t want to have a bookshelf full of “Honorable Mentions”, which you get just because you showed up.
I knew she was including me in the race so our journey to the meet would not be wasted…
I quickly noticed that these girls were all here to do just one thing — beat me.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
心理描写。体现了“我”自尊心强、渴望证明自己的特点。续写第一段可以通过描写“我”与其他女孩激烈竞争的比赛场景来印证这一点；续写第二段可以通过描写“我”获胜后的情绪、心理以及行动来印证这一点。
（二）语篇表达内容（what）——故事环境
原文的故事环境属于（ 自然环境 社会环境），地点主要设置在_______________，续写部分可能出现的地点：___________________。
家里和游泳赛场
泳池、领奖台、家里
（三）语篇表达技巧（how）
下面句子运用的修辞手法为（ 比喻 拟人 夸张 排比）。
All of a sudden, my grandma’s words rang in my head.
attitude perseverance
（冲突）“我”一直未能获得理想的成绩，打算退出游泳队。
（行动）“我”参加游泳比赛，并拼尽全力。
（解决）“我”赢下了比赛。
时间线：The day before the swim meet… When we arrived there… As I mounted the board… During & after the race…
情感线：discouraged… too afraid to disagree… felt belittled… determined…
教练对“我”在比赛中取得优异的成绩/获奖感到很意外，也很激动，拥抱“我”，祝贺“我”。
比喻 (All of a sudden, my grandma’s words rang in my head. )
原文环境：家里和游泳赛场
续写环境：泳池、领奖台、家里
主要人物：“我”
次要人物：my grandma, my coach, girls in the 17/18 age group
“我” ：自尊心强、渴望证明自己
（一）构思续写两段主要情节
结合原文解读中对主题、情节、人物、环境等要素的分析以及对续写第一段、第二段首句的分析，可以构思续写第一段和第二段的主要情节。
续写第一段的主要情节为：___________________________________________________
续写第二段的主要情节为：___________________________________________________
“我”与其他女孩在泳池中比赛的过程。
“我”看到比赛成绩，登台领奖。
（二）构思续写“四点”内容
根据原文解读和两个段首句推测两段首尾部分“四点”（①②③④）的内容，确保段落当中和段落之间情节连贯以及文章的主题和结局积极向上。
② _______________________________________
① _______________________________________
……
Para. 1: SPLASH! I swam harder than I had ever swum before.
④ _______________________________________
③ _______________________________________
……
Para. 2: It was then that I heard the claps and cheers around me.
比赛刚开始时的场景。
比赛结束，“我”急切地想知道结果。
观众欢呼的原因以及“我”和教练的反应。
“我”用获得的奖杯替换书柜上的“荣誉奖”以及对奶奶叮嘱的话的认同。
（三）构思续写段落细节
确定合适的主干情节之后，接下来构思两段的具体细节。
续写第一段：
① What happened at the beginning of the race
_________________________________________________________________________
② What happened in the middle of the race
_________________________________________________________________________
③ What was my reaction as the race ended
_________________________________________________________________________
I took an early lead.
The others caught up with me. I felt tired but didn’t give up.
I couldn’t wait to know the result.
（三）构思续写段落细节
续写第二段：
① What were the claps and cheers for
_________________________________________________________________________
② What was the reaction of my coach
_________________________________________________________________________
③ What did I win How did I feel
_________________________________________________________________________
④ What did I do after the swim meet
_________________________________________________________________________
I took first in the race.
She was excited and congratulated me.
I won my first real trophy. I still couldn’t believe it and I cried.
I put the trophy on my shelf.
根据提示和要求，完成下列内容优化
1. The others almost caught up with me.
① 补充其他女孩追赶“我”的过程（speed up, narrow the gap），使情节发展更加自然和完整。
The other girls _________________________. They almost caught up with me.
② 将描写对象从一群人转为其中的某一个人（“我”左边的女孩），改写优化句①，营造一种类似镜头聚焦的效果。
The other girls _________________________. ________________ almost caught up with me.
③ 使用draw level with替换句②中的catch up with，体现用词的丰富性。
The other girls _________________________. ________________ almost _________________.
sped up and narrowed the gap
sped up and narrowed the gap
The girl to my left
sped up and narrowed the gap
The girl to my left
drew level with me
根据提示和要求，完成下列内容优化
2. When the race ended, I couldn’t wait to know the result.
① 使用具体的动作描写（touch the wall）表示完成比赛，并使用as soon as替换when，更准确地体现“我”希望知道成绩的急切心情。
_________________________, I couldn’t wait to know the result.
② 为句①增加触墙之后“我”抬头看比赛屏幕（screen）的细节描写，使内容更富画面感。
_________________________, I ___________________ and couldn’t wait to know the result.
③ 将句②并列结构的后半部分改写优化为分词结构做状语，使语法结构更丰富。
_________________________, I ___________________, __________________________.
As soon as I touched the wall
As soon as I touched the wall
looked up at the screen
As soon as I touched the wall
looked up at the screen
waiting anxiously for the result
根据提示和要求，完成下列内容优化
3. I still couldn’t believe it and I cried.
① 补充地点状语（winner’s podium），将场景从泳池转到领奖台上。
I still couldn’t believe it as __________________________, and I cried.
② 使用比喻修辞改写优化句①，更加形象地体现“我”登上领奖台时仍然感到难以置信（dream）。
________________________ as __________________________, and I cried.
③ 使用更加具体的动作描写（weep tears of joy）替换句②中的cry，并改写优化为分词结构作状语的形式。
________________________ as __________________________, _________________.
I stood on the winner’s podium
Everything felt like a dream
weeping tears of joy
I stood on the winner’s podium
Everything felt like a dream
I stood on the winner’s podium
SPLASH! I swam harder than I had ever swum before. After the first flip turn, I was surprised to find that I had a half-body length lead over the other girls. However, they soon sped up and narrowed the gap. Halfway through the race, the girl to my left almost drew level with me, while I already began to feel tired. At that moment, the powerful words of my grandma echoed again in my ears, “Quitters never win and winners never quit.” I willed my arms and legs to keep swimming and used every last bit of strength to swim the last 50 meters. As soon as I touched the wall, I looked up at the screen, waiting anxiously for the result.
宾语从句
并列结构
状语从句
无灵主语
分词结构作状语
状语从句
并列结构
It was then that I heard the claps and cheers around me. I saw my time on the screen but could hardly believe it — mine was at the top of the list! My coach ran to me and hugged me tightly when I got out of the water. Narrow victory as it was, I did win my first real trophy that day. Everything felt like a dream as I stood on the winner’s podium, weeping tears of joy. Back at home, I delightedly replaced the “Honorable Mentions” on my shelf with the new trophy. “Yes, Grandma, you’re right. Quitters never win and winners never quit.”
倒装句
并列结构
并列结构
状语从句
状语从句
分词结构作状语
写作技能培养
遭遇打击
类型1：局面落后
He quickened his pace, yet he still couldn’t catch up with them.
After a strong start, she was passed by several runners in the final lap.
He hung with the leaders for the first half of the race, but then he began to fall behind.
I outdistanced the other runners at first, but soon they sped up and left me in the dust.
类型2：身心疲惫
Her whole body ached, not just her legs.
I felt so much pain that I was on the verge of a breakdown.
She was so tired that her legs just wouldn’t obey her any longer.
Halfway through the race, he began to get tired and breathe heavily.
（一）主题微情节——永不言弃
遭遇打击
类型3：突发意外
He lost his balance and fell to the ground.
He got cramp (抽筋) in the last 200 meters of the race.
He stumbled (绊倒) down and tore the skin from his knees.
Another runner collided (碰撞) with him from behind and he crashed to the ground.
（一）主题微情节——永不言弃
坚持不懈
类型1：激发动力
Then I looked up and saw the clock. The seconds ticking away gave me an incentive (动力).
When he was about to give up, the magical words of his granny echoed (回响) in his ears, “If you believe in yourself, nothing is impossible.”
类型2：加倍训练
She trained intensively (加强地) for two years.
He has stepped up his training to prepare for the race.
Over the next few months, I trained hard every day, come rain or shine.
For years, she kept her walking habit, slowly and painstakingly (费力地) building her body shape.
（一）主题微情节——永不言弃
坚持不懈
类型3：全力以赴
He turned and ran off like a speeding train.
I used every last bit of strength to run faster.
I willed (用意志力驱使) my legs to keep going.
I straightened up and gathered up all my strength to dash for the finish line.
Refusing to give up at this point, he jumped to his feet and ran as fast as he could.
（一）主题微情节——永不言弃
得偿所愿
类型1：击败劲敌
I had my arms held high as I crossed the finish line. It was a narrow victory.
The game ended 2-1. We were all wild with excitement at the hard-won result.
I managed to run right past her and win the race. I fell on the grass, exhausted, as I wept tears of joy.
类型2：自我突破
When the announcer called my time, I couldn’t believe it — I had set a new personal best!
After what seemed like a century, the result finally came out — it was a brand new record!
My jaw dropped as I realized I had beaten not only my own best time, but everyone else’s too.
Not only had he won his race, but he had also qualified (取得资格) for the national championships.
（一）主题微情节——永不言弃
得偿所愿
类型3：登台领奖
He accepted the award to thunderous applause.
She flushed with pleasure as she accepted the prize.
I could feel my heart pounding as I went on stage to collect the prize.
Tears ran down her face as she stood on the winner’s podium (领奖台).
（一）主题微情节——永不言弃
（一）主题微情节——永不言弃
1. 赛程过半时，我左边泳道的女孩几乎和我齐平，而我已经开始感到疲惫了。
_____________________, the girl to my left almost drew level with me, ________________________
__________.
2. 我凭着意志力驱使着胳膊和腿，继续游下去，并在最后50米时拼尽了全力。
I ____________________ to keep swimming and ________________________ to swim the last 50 meters.
3. 虽然只是以微弱优势获胜，但在那天我确实赢下了第一个真正意义上的奖杯。
____________________, I did win my first real trophy that day.
4. 就在那时，我的耳中又回响起奶奶那饱含力量的话语“退缩者永无胜利，胜利者永不退缩。”
At that moment, ___________________________________________________, “Quitters never win and winners never quit.”
练习
Halfway through the race
willed my arms and legs
the powerful words of my grandma echoed again in my ears
结合以上所学表达翻译句子。
to feel tired
while I was already beginning
used every last bit of strength
Narrow victory as it was
（二）续写微技能——as引导的倒装句
as引导的倒装句可以表示让步，在写作中常用于替换though/although引导的让步状语从句。后者常见的结构为“Though/Although + 主语 + 谓语 + 让步的内容”，转换之后结构为“让步的内容 + as + 主语 + 谓语”，过程并不复杂。同时因为转换之后将让步的内容放在了句首，也能起到一定强调的作用。如：
Freezing cold as it was, I ran with only a sleeveless shirt and shorts on.
尽管天气非常寒冷，我还是只穿了无袖衬衣和运动短裤跑步。
前半句如果用常见的让步状语从句来表达的话是“Though/Although it was freezing cold”，较为普通。转换句型之后不仅用到了倒装结构，将“freezing cold”置于句首也能更明显地感受到对“天气寒冷”的强调。
分析
（二）续写微技能——as引导的倒装句
① Heavily as it rained, I still went to the gym and did my daily workout.
尽管下着大雨，我还是到健身房完成了日常的锻炼。
② Defeated in the game as they were, they can still hold up their heads as they tried their best.
尽管输了这场比赛，他们仍然能昂首挺胸，因为他们拼尽了全力。
③ Experienced player as he was, he couldn’t help feeling nervous about the coming final.
即使身为一名经验丰富的运动员，他还是会忍不住对即将到来的决赛感到紧张。
上面句子中as前面强调的对象是形容词（短语），除此之外也可以是副词、分词、名词（无冠词）等：
（二）续写微技能——as引导的倒装句
完成下列句型转换。
1. Although she was injured, she gathered her strength and was able to finish the race.
→________________, she gathered her strength and was able to finish the race.
2. Although she played well, she didn’t qualify for the finals (获得决赛资格).
→________________, she didn’t qualify for the finals.
3. Although we were pleased with this victory, we knew that our team still had a long way to go.
→______________________________, we knew that our team still had a long way to go.
4. Although he was an inexperienced runner, he finished the race in second position, which impressed us all.
→__________________________, he finished the race in second position, which impressed us all.
练习
Injured as she was
Well as she played
Pleased as we were with this victory
Inexperienced runner as he was
PART 03
语篇巩固
After watching my son Todd run in an annual race, I made my usual comment about some of the people taking part, “Todd, I could walk faster than those women run.” Todd laughed as he knew I wasn’t a runner. Then he said, “Listen, Mom. I want you to put your money where your mouth is. How about you running with me next year at this race ” Without thinking, I quickly agreed to this challenge.
A month before the race, Todd was sent overseas as a solider for three years and wasn’t able to run with me. A few of Todd’s friends knew about the “challenge” that I had agreed to with my son. They encouraged me to run the race. I hadn’t trained at all. Frankly, I had almost forgotten about it.
I decided I should keep my promise to Todd and run the race. The first thing I did was go out and buy some running clothes. “I might as well look good” was my thought, even though I hadn’t trained at all.
The Race
The day of the race came. I suddenly felt sad that my son was not here with me as I started to run. It wasn’t long before some guy started to run next to me. He was very talkative, while I wasn’t really in the mood. I was just focused on finishing the race. The guy kept saying how tired he was, and that I must be tired too. When the race was over, I discovered that this man’s wife had won it. I was just happy to have finished, and that I had kept my promise to Todd.
When I arrived home, my neighbor asked about the race. I told him what had happened. My neighbor laughed and said, “Kay, don’t you realize what this guy was doing He thought you were the competition by the way you were dressed. He wanted his wife to win.” What my neighbor said made sense. The guy had been trying to distract (使分心) me with his talk.
The Race
续写要求：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
This guy’s attitude built a fire in me for the next race! _____________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
The race began on a cold day and I saw the talkative man and his wife. _______________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
The Race
故事解读
续写构思
参考范文
本文主题关键词为______和______。主要讲述了“我”为了信守对儿子的承诺，参加了跑步比赛，途中被人干扰，最终对方的妻子赢得了比赛的故事。“我”了解真相后认真准备，努力训练，在随后的比赛中获胜的故事。
故事解读
续写构思
参考范文
主题
情节
人物
环境
表达技巧
承诺
坚持
故事情节结构为：
冲突：_________________________________________________
↓
行动：_________________________________________________
↓
解决：_________________________________________________
原文主要呈现了“冲突”部分，续写部分应该围绕“行动”和“解决”展开。
故事解读
续写构思
参考范文
主题
情节
人物
环境
表达技巧
“我”在跑步比赛中被人干扰，对方的妻子赢得了比赛。
“我”认真准备，刻苦训练了数月。
“我”在随后的比赛中合理运用战术，获得了胜利。
故事的情节线索为______________________________________。
故事中提到“我”决定参加比赛后专门购买了运动服，第一次比赛时对方也是根据“我”的穿着推测“我”是潜在的竞争对手，续写时可以围绕运动服设计相关的细节，与前文呼应。
故事解读
续写构思
参考范文
主题
情节
人物
环境
表达技巧
“我”参加两次跑步比赛期间的情感变化
______是故事的主要人物，原文出现的Todd、邻居以及比赛的对手属于次要人物。
原文结尾邻居对于“我”第一次比赛经历的分析激起了“我”的好胜心，在续写部分可以通过描写“我”在训练及第二次比赛过程中的一些行动体现“我”不服输的一面。
故事解读
续写构思
参考范文
主题
情节
人物
环境
表达技巧
“我”
根据续写两段的段首句可知，续写的第一段可能出现的地点为家里和训练场，第二段的地点主要设置在_________。
故事解读
续写构思
参考范文
主题
情节
人物
环境
表达技巧
比赛现场
故事采用第______人称视角叙述，语言平实自然。续写时应注意使用相应的表达技巧，如细节描写和修辞。
故事解读
续写构思
参考范文
主题
情节
人物
环境
表达技巧
一
故事解读
续写构思
参考范文
从情节结构来看，续写第一段属于故事的“行动”阶段，应重点描写“我”为第二次的比赛做了哪些准备工作。续写第二段属于故事的“解决”阶段，应着墨于比赛的过程以及“我”获胜之后的感受。
分析
第一段：那个人的态度让我一下子有了动力→我决定认真准备下一次的比赛→我坚持训练，风雨无阻→我学习比赛策略→我感觉自己做了充分的准备（自信）
第二段：比赛当天我又见到了那对夫妇→我告诉自己这次一定要赢→我一直紧跟在那人的妻子身后→她试图甩开我，但没有成功→我完成超越，赢下了比赛→我筋疲力尽，喜极而泣
参考思路
故事解读
续写构思
参考范文
Paragraph 1:
This guy’s attitude built a fire in me for the next race! _____________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________
If he thought I was the competition, then I was going to be the competition. Over the next few months, I trained hard every day, come rain or shine. Sometimes I was burned out, but I was determined that nothing would weigh me down. I even watched online lessons about how to run a race. Both my speed and confidence grew with each passing day. As the next race neared, I felt well prepared.
故事解读
续写构思
参考范文
Paragraph 2:
The race began on a cold day and I saw the talkative man and his wife. _______________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________
“This time I will win!” I said to myself. Freezing cold as it was, I ran with only a sleeveless shirt and shorts on. I stayed close behind the guy’s wife almost the whole race. The guy was behind us, shouting to his wife, “Watch out! She’s right behind you.” She tried to break away, but I kept up with her. I used every last bit of strength to run faster. I managed to run right past her and won the race. I fell on the grass, exhausted, as I wept tears of joy.
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