资源简介 Unit 8【重点语法】一、可数名词与不可数名词教材原句①We need three bananas.我们需要三个香蕉。②We need one cup of yogurt.我们需要一杯酸奶。1、可数名词可数名词指的是名词的数量可数,其单数形式前通常要用不定冠词a/an,定冠词the或形容词性物主代词等限定或修饰,如a/the/his book。其复数形式前通常用基数词表示具体的数量,或用其他表示数量的词(短语)修饰。2、不可数名词不可数名词指名词的数量不可数,没有单复数之分,也不能在其前直接加不定冠词a/an。如果表示数量,必须加相应的量词构成“数词+量词+of+不可数名词"短语,如a piece of cake(一块蛋糕),a spoon of honey(一勺蜂蜜)。量词有复数形式,如two pieces of bread(两片面包),量词为复数形式且其所在短语作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。常见的量词有piece,slice, spoon, box, cup, bottle, bow等。Two bowls of rice are not enough for him.两碗饭不够他吃。3、可数名词与不可数名词的修饰语(1)只修饰可数名词的词(短语)有:a/an,many,a few, few,quite a few,a number of(许多)等。(2)只修饰不可数名词的词(短语)有:much,a little, little,a great deal of(许多的)等。(3)既可以修饰可数名词,又可以修饰不可数名词的词(短语)有:some,a lot of/lots of,enough, plenty of(许多的)。There are a lot of/lots of eggs in the fridge.冰箱里有许多鸡蛋。There is a lot of/lots of money in his house.他家里有很多钱。4.提问可数名词的数量用how many,提问不可数名词的数量用how much。典例解读1.I paid¥10 for ________ this morning.A.4 bottle milks B.4 bottles of milk C.4 bottles of milks D.4 milk2.He gave me ________ on how to sing well. ________ good advice! It is so helpful to me.A.some advice; What B.an advice; What aC.some advices; How D.an advice; What a3.I’d like ________ beer.A.two bowls B.two bottles C.two bowl of D.two bottles of4.How many ________ are there in the international village A.Indian B.Russians C.American D.Canadian二、祈使句教材原句First, put some butter on a piece of bread,首先,在面包片上放一些黄油。1.祈使句的概念用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句于叫祈使句。祈使句通常以动词原形开头。2.祈使句的种类(1)Do型:以行为动词开头的祈使句,其否定形式"Don't+动词原形"开头。Stand up, please.请站起来。Don't talk about it with her.别和她谈论此事。(2)Be型:以be动词开头的祈使句。Be quiet, please.请安静。(3)Let型:常用于let sb. do sth.结构中,其否定式为let sb. not do sth.。Let's start the meeting.咱们开始开会吧。Let us not smoke here.我们不要在这里抽烟了.(4)No型:以No开头的祈使句。No parking!禁止停车!联想拓展在祈使句中,为了表示委婉的语气,可在句首或句尾加please。 please 加在句尾时,一般用逗号将其与前面的内容隔开。典例解读5.It’s time for lunch. ________ stop to have lunch first.A.How about B.Let’s C.Shall we D.Why not6.—What should I do, doctor —Just ________ down and rest. You should get enough sleep.A.lay B.lying C.lie D.to lie7.Stop smoking, _________ you'll get better soon.A.or B.but C.so D.and一、单项选择8._____ the street if the traffic light is red.A.Not cross B.To cross C.Cross D.Don’t cross9.Let's _____ basketball after school.A.practice playing B.to practice playing C.practice to play D.practicing playing10.___________ and be honest, Tom, or others won’t trust you.A.Keeping a secret B.Keep a secretC.Keeping secrets D.Keep secret11.Though he is a ________ man,he often plays basketball with young people.A.sixty years old B.sixty-years-oldC.sixty-year old D.sixty-year-old12.I only have ________ for breakfast, I am so hungry now.A.two cup of yogurt B.two cup of yogurts C.two cups of yogurts D.two cups of yogurt13.To keep fit, you should take more ________ , such as doing morning ________ and running.A.exercise; exercise B.exercises; exercises C.exercise; exercises D.exercises; exercise14.If you want to be in good ________, you should eat ________ food.A.healthy; healthy B.health; health C.healthy; health D.health; healthy15.All of the ________ teachers and ________ students are having a meeting there.A.women; girl B.woman; girls C.women; girls D.woman; girl16.There _________ on the road at 5 p.m. every day.A.are a lot of traffics B.is a lot of trafficC.are a lot of traffic D.is a lot of traffics17.Smile at the world, ________ the world will smile back at you.A.but B.and C.as D.or18.—Please don’t forget to close the door when you leave the room. —________.A.No, I won’t B.No, I will C.Yes, I won’t D.Yes, I will19.“Put on your coat, ________ you will catch a cold!” This is what my mother often says to me.A.and B.but C.or D.so20.—Remember ________ the classroom after school.—OK. I ________.A.cleaning; do B.to clean; do C.cleaning; will D.to clean; will21.—Miss Green, would you please tell me how to improve my English —_____ a study group, and you’ll get help from others.A.Join B.Joining C.To join D.If you join22.____touch it.It's dangerous.A.No B.Didn't C.Don't23.________ to close the windows before you go out.A.Making sure B.Is sure C.Make sure D.Sure二、根据汉语提示填空24.Come and ask for help if you have (问题).25.Do you know who are the (英雄) 26.The husbands are looking for their (妻子)names on the list.27.Before holiday comes, our teacher often gives us much (建议) on holiday safety.28.I saw some (德国人) eating Chinese hotpot happily in the restaurant yesterday.29.Where can I buy those (作家)new books 三、完成句子30.袁隆平是世界上最著名的科学家之一Yuan Longping is in the world.31.这两幅图画之间有一些差异。(different)There are some the two pictures.四、用所给单词的正确形式填空32.You’d better have more (communicate) with your parents.33.My uncle has night (blind), so he is unable to see anything at night.试卷第1页,共3页试卷第1页,共3页参考答案:1.B【详解】句意:今天早上,4瓶牛奶我付了10元。考查不可数名词及其数的表达。bottle为可数名词,当数目大于1时,要加s;milk 为不可数名词,不加s。表示“几瓶牛奶”时,用“基数词+ bottles of milk”的表达方法,故4 bottles of milk符合题意。故选B。2.A【详解】句意:他给了我一些如何唱好歌的建议。多么好的建议!它对我很有帮助。考查不可数名词和感叹句。advice表示“建议”,是不可数名词,无复数形式,也不可用冠词an或a修饰,第二个空考查的是感叹句结构,中心词是不可数名词advice,用感叹句:what+形容词+不可数名词+主谓的结构,故选A。3.D【详解】句意:我想要两瓶啤酒。考查名词。bowl碗;bottle瓶子;有数词two修饰,用复数名词,排除C项,修饰名词beer,用短语two bottles of,故选D。4.B【详解】句意:国际村有多少俄罗斯人?考查名词辨析和用法。Indian印度人;Russians俄罗斯人;American美国人;Canadian加拿大人。根据“How many…are…”可知,此处应对可数名词复数数量多少提问,故选B。5.B【详解】句意:该吃午饭了。我们先停下来吃午饭吧。考查祈使句。How about doing sth 做某事怎么样?let sb. do sth.让某人做某事;Shall we do sth. 我们做某事好吗?Why not do sth. 为什么不做某事呢?A、B、C三项都是疑问句式,题中句子以句点结尾,只有B项符合题意。故选B。6.C【详解】句意:——医生,我该怎么办?——躺下来休息一下。你应该有足够的睡眠。考查祈使句。此处指的是“躺”,英语是动词lie,此处是一个祈使句,应以动词原形开头,故选C。7.D【详解】句意:戒烟吧!你很快就能好起来的。考查连词辨析。or或者,否则;but但是;so因此;and和,并且。结合语境可知上下文是顺接关系,故选D。8.D【详解】句意:如果交通灯是红色的,就不要过马路。考查祈使句。本句是否定祈使句,需在动词前面加don't。根据句意语境,可知选D。9.A【详解】句意:让我们放学后练习篮球。考查祈使句和非谓语动词。“Let's”是祈使句,接动词原形practice,表示“练习做某事”用“practice doing sth”,动名词作宾语。故选A。10.B【详解】句意:汤姆,保持这个秘密并且做到诚实,否则其他人将不会信任你。考查祈使句的用法。祈使句以动词原形开头,同时秘密是可数名词,因此表示一个秘密前面接不定冠词a。故选B。11.D【详解】句意:尽管他是一位60岁的老人,他经常和年轻人一起打篮球。考查名词。修饰名词man,用形容词,带有连字符的形容词,中间的名词用单数形式,sixty-year-old表示“60岁的”,故选D。12.D【详解】句意:我早餐只喝两杯酸奶,我现在好饿。考查不可数名词量的表达。two cups of表示“两杯”,yogurt是不可数名词,无复数形式,故选D。13.C【详解】句意:为了保持健康,你应该多做运动,比如做早操和跑步。考查名词的数。take more exercise多锻炼,多运动,当exercise 泛指“锻炼,运动”时,是不可数名词;doing morning exercises做早操,当exercise表示“体操”或“练习题”时,是可数名词。故选C。14.D【详解】句意:如果你想保持健康,你应该吃健康的食物。考查名词及形容词辨析。短语be in good health“保持健康”;第一空health在这里是不可数名词;第二空是形容词作定语,修饰名词food,healthy是形容词,健康的。故选D。15.A【详解】句意:所有的女教师和女学生都在那开会。考查名词作定语的用法。以man或woman开头表示性别的名词短语,复数形式时两者都要变复数,所以第一空填women。第二个空用名词girl作定语,用其单数形式,故选A。16.B【分析】【详解】句意:每一天下午5点路上有很多车。考查there be句型。traffic交通;运输;不可数名词;there be句型的be动词遵循“就近原则”,故选B。17.B【详解】句意:对世界微笑,世界也会对你微笑。考查连词辨析。but但是;and和;as由于;or或者。此句是“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”的结构,前后句是并列递进的关系,用连词and连接,故选B。18.A【详解】句意:——离开房间时,请别忘了关门。——好的,我不会忘的。考查祈使句的回答。祈使句一般用将来时态进行回应,根据“Please don’t forget…”可知,此处应据实回答,“好的,我不会忘的”,故选A。19.C【详解】句意:“穿上你的外套,否则你会感冒!”这是我妈妈经常跟我说的。考查连词辨析。and和;but但是;or否则;so所以。根据“Put on your coat, … you will catch a cold”可知,此处是“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”的结构,穿上外套否则就会感冒,故选C。20.D【详解】句意:——记得放学后打扫教室。——好的。我会的。考查非谓语动词。短语remember to do sth.记得(去)做某事(这件事还没有做),remember doing sth.记得做了某事(这件事已经做了)。根据“after school.”以及回答“OK….”可知这件事没有做,第一个空格处应用to clean;第二空所在句子是个省略句,表示将会做,用一般将来时。故选D。21.A【详解】句意:——Green女士,请你告诉我怎样提高我的英语好吗?——参加一个学习小组,你就能得到别人的帮助。考查动词辨析。Join参加,加入,动词原形;Joining动名词或现在分词形式;To join动词不定式;If you join是If引导的条件状语从句。根据句子结构可知,这句话使用了句型“祈使句+and+简单句”,因此这里用动词原形,故选A。D选项中连词If与句中的连词and重复,如果没有and,则可以选D。22.C【详解】句意:别碰它,它是危险的。A. No不,加名词;B. Didn't不要,一般过去时;C. Don't不要,一般现在时。本题考查祈使句,touch为动词,故用don’t,故选C。23.C【详解】句意:出去之前确定关好窗户。本题考查祈使句。祈使句要以动词原形开头,A Making sure是现在分词形式,B Is sure的动词原形应该是be,C Make sure是动词原形,D Sure是副词,不是动词,故选C。24.problems【详解】句意:如果你有问题,就来寻求帮助。problem为可数名词,当前面没有修饰成分时,要以复数形式出现,故答案为problems。25.heroes【详解】句意:你知道谁是英雄吗?hero“英雄”,可数名词;根据are可知,用其复数形式。故填heroes。26.wives’【详解】句意:丈夫们正在名单上寻找他们妻子的名字。根据中文提示,wife表示“妻子”,their后接复数名词,wife的复数形式是wives,此空后接名词names,要用复数名词的所有格形式,故填wives’。27.advice【详解】句意:在假期到来之前,我们的老师经常给我们很多关于假期安全的建议。much修饰不可数名词,结合所给的中文提示,advice表示“建议”,是不可数名词,故填advice。28.Germans【详解】句意:昨天我看到一些德国人在餐厅里开心地吃中国火锅。根据中文提示,German表示“德国人”,可数名词,some修饰可数名词的复数形式,故填Germans。29.writers’【详解】句意:我可以在哪里买到这些作家的新书?作家writer,此前有those修饰,使用名词复数,在句中作定语修饰new books,所以用名词复数的所有格,故填writers’。30. one of the most famous scientists【详解】根据语境可知,本题考查one of ……短语。表达“......是某领域最......之一”用“be+one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数+比较范围”。famous著名的,最高级在前面加most;科学家的英文表达为scientist,此处要用复数。故填one;of;the;most;famous;scientists。31.differences between【详解】根据中英文对照,可知此处缺“之间”,“差异”,在英文中表达为“between”,“difference”,根据“two pictures”可知是两者之间,所以用“between”;结合“some”可知此处缺名词复数,故填differences;between。32.communication【详解】句意:你最好和你的父母多交流。有形容词more修饰,用communicate的名词形式,communication交流,是不可数名词,故填communication。33.blindness【详解】句意:我叔叔有夜盲症,所以晚上什么也看不见。作为动词has的宾语,用名词,blind的名词形式是blindness,是不可数名词,故填blindness。答案第1页,共2页答案第1页,共2页 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览