Unit 2 I think that mooncakes are delicious! 核心语法讲练(含解析)

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Unit 2 I think that mooncakes are delicious! 核心语法讲练(含解析)

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Unit 2【核心语法】
1.Most people think that the story of Chang'e is the most touching.
He found that the moon was so bright and round.
宾语都是完整的句子
在复合句中, 作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句常见关联词有that, if, whether 等。
由that引导的宾语从句
当宾语从句是陈述句时,用that引导,that无词义,在从句中不充当成分,在口语和非正式文体中常常省略。
All the students think that Mr. Zhang is humorous.
当主句的主语是第一人称(I,we),而且谓语动词是think,guess, believe,suppose等时,如果宾语从句要表达否定意思,则一般将否定转移到主句上来,即“否定前移”。
I don’t think the girl can do the work alone.
由if/whether引导的宾语从句
当宾语从句的语义相当于一个一般疑问句时,常用if/whether引导,表示“是否”。
if/ whether在句中不充当句子成分,但不能省略。
I wonder if/ whether you want to attend the meeting.
由if/whether引导的宾语从句
一般情况下,二者没有区别,可以互换。以下情况不可互换:
whether之后紧跟or not时,不可与if互换。
Nobody knows whether or not it will rain tomorrow.
在介词后只能用whether,不能用if。
The boy worries about whether he has broken his computer.
与动词不定式连用时,只能用whether ,不能用if。
I can’t decide whether to go or to stay.
宾语从句的语序
无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,宾语从句都要用陈述语序。
They say that they will have a three-day holiday next week.
Could you tell me if/whether he knows her address
宾语从句的时态
若主句为一般现在时,则宾语从句要根据情况选择所需要的任何时态。
He says ( that) she is in London now.
He says ( that) she came to London last month.
若主句为一般过去时,则宾语从句也要用过去的某种时态。
He knew ( that) she liked mooncakes.
He believed ( that) she would win the game.
若宾语从句表示的是客观真理、自然现象或是格言、谚语等,无论主句是什么时态,宾语从句都要用一般现在时。
The teacher said that a good beginning is half done.
2.感叹句是表示赞美、惊叹、喜悦等感情的句子。 感叹句通常由what和how引导。 what修饰名词, how修饰形容词或副词。
What引导的感叹句
(1)What + a/an +adj. + 可数名词单数(+ 主语 + 谓语 + 其他)!
What a beautiful girl she is!
(2)What + adj. + 可数名词复数(+ 主语 + 谓语 + 其他)!
What interesting books!
(3)What + adj. + 不可数名词(+ 主语 + 谓语 + 其他)!
What fresh air!
How引导的感叹句
(1)How + adj./adv.(+ 主语 + 谓语 + 其他)!
How fine the weather is!
(2)How + adj. + a/an + 可数名词单数(+ 主语 + 谓语 + 其他)!
How important a decision it is!
(3)How+ 主语 + 谓语!
How time flies!
(2021·青海中考真题)
1.—Would you like to talk about ________ in the summer holiday
—I’m going to be a volunteer in our neighborhood.
A.how you will do B.what you will do C.where you will go
(2021·湖南湘潭市·中考真题)
2.—Hi, Jeff. Could you please tell me ________ on Dragon Boat Festival
—I ate zongzi and watched the boat races.
A.what did you do B.what do you do C.what you did
(2021·湖南怀化市·中考真题)
3.—Could you tell me ______
—Sure, I’d love to.
A.how can I take a taxi through “Didi” B.how I can take a taxi through “Didi” C.why I can take a taxi through “Didi”
(2021·四川乐山市·中考真题)
4.一Did you notice __________ in his office
一Yes, he was going over our homework.
A.how Mr. Li was doing B.what is Mr. Li doing C.what Mr. Li was doing
(2021·甘肃天水市·中考真题)
5.—Could you tell me ________
—The day after tomorrow.
A.when we had the school leavers’ party
B.when did we have the school leavers’ party
C.when will we have the school leavers’ party
D.when we will have the school leavers’ party
(2021·山东菏泽市·中考真题)
6.—Could you please show me ________
—Sure. First of all you’d better make sure you’ve got everything you need.
A.how can I make a Chinese lantern
B.how I can make a Chinese lantern
C.how could I make a Chinese lantern
(2021·山西中考真题)
7.— China’s women’s soccer team beat Team South Korea on April 13th. I wonder ________.
— They never gave up and fought the last minute in the game.
A.how they won the game
B.why they played the game
C.where they played the game
(2021·江苏南京市·中考真题)
8.―Do you know ________, Alfred
—At 2:00 tomorrow afternoon.
A.when the end-of-term concert began B.when did the end-of-term concert begin
C.when the end-of-term concert will begin D.when will the end-of-term concert begin
(2021·江苏盐城市·中考真题)
9.—Jim is planning a trip to Shanghai this weekend, but still doesn’t decide ________.
—Why not take the high-speed railway It’s fast and comfortable.
A.who will he visit B.what he will do
C.how he’s going there D.whom is he going with
(2021·湖北武汉市·中考真题)
10.— What did Daniel say to you
— He asked me ________.
A.how did I get to Hubei Museum B.why I liked hot-dry noodles so much
C.how many bridges are there in Wuhan D.what will I study in Wuhan University
(2021·天津中考真题)
11.—Could you tell me ________ “the Father of Rice”
—Because he helped many countries grow more rice.
A.when was Yuan Longping called B.why is Yuan Longping called
C.when Yuan Longping was called D.why Yuan Longping is called
(2021·江苏苏州市·中考真题)
12.—Amy, I wonder ________ in the street when I come to pick you up.
—Well, there’s a big tree by the front gate and it’s covered in lovely white flowers at the moment.
A.how will I find your house B.how I will find your house
C.when I will find your house D.when will I find your house
(2021·江苏扬州市·中考真题)
13.—By the way, could you tell us ________
—From the Internet.
A.why are you interested in our company
B.why you are interested in our company
C.where did you hear about our company
D.where you heard about our company
(2021·云南中考真题)
14.—Could you please tell me ________
—Of course. I suggest Water City Restaurant.
A.when can we get some food quickly B.when we can get some food quickly
C.where can we get some food quickly D.where we can get some food quickly
(2021·浙江温州市·中考真题)
15.—Linda, may I know ________
—Certainly. I’m going to the countryside to visit my grandparents.
A.why you will visit your grandparents
B.how you plan to spend your weekend
C.when you are leaving for the countryside
D.who you are going to the countryside with
(2021·江苏连云港市·中考真题)
16.Tomorrow is Earth Day. Let’s discuss ________.
A.when shall we give out the leaflets B.what we can do to recycle things
C.how should we save more energy D.whether can we make our city greener
(2021·重庆中考真题)
17.—I’m excited about Huawei’s new smartphones. Do you know ________
—Next month.
A.how can I get one B.when will they come out
C.how I can get one D.when they will come out
(2021·重庆中考真题)
18.—Do you know ________
—Yes. Next week. I’m preparing for it.
A.when will we have the singing competition
B.when we will have the singing competition
C.where will we have the singing competition
D.where we will have the singing competition
(2021·四川自贡市·中考真题)
19.—Could you tell me ________ at the meeting
—Sorry, I don't know. I was not at the meeting.
A.what he would say B.what he said C.what did he say
(2021·四川泸州市·中考真题)
20.—Can you tell me ________ for the summer vacation
—Why not volunteer at the museum
A.what I should do B.what should I do C.when I should do D.when should I do
(2021·四川遂宁市·中考真题)
21.—About the Chinese Dream, could you please tell us ________, Mr. Wang
—By pulling together.
A.how can we make it come true B.how we can make it come true
C.when can we make it come true D.when we can make it come true
一、完成句子
(2020·山东中考真题)
22."How can I get to Jinan Metro Line 3 "Alice asked me.(改写句子,句意不变)
Alice asked me she get to Jinan Metro Line 3.
(2021·四川中考真题)
23.Could you tell us When does the band start playing this evening (两句合并成一句)
Could you tell us the band playing this evening
(2017·西藏中考真题)
24.I asked him: “Will you stay at school ” (改为复合句)
I asked him he stay at school.
(2018·西藏中考真题)
25.Do you know Where does Jane study (合并为宾语从句)
Do you know Jane
(2020·西藏中考真题)
26.He asked, “How do you make the bread ” (改为含宾语从句的复合句)
He asked me I the bread.
(2020·上海中考真题)
27."Will the exhibition be held in Shanghai?" Olivia asked her secretary. (改为间接引语)
Olivia asked her secretary the exhibition be held in Shanghai.
(2020·江苏中考真题)
28.The teachers are still taking about where they will hold the concert. (改为简单句)
The teachers are still talking about hold the concert.
(2020·贵州中考真题)
29.He said, "I am living with a British family now." (改为间接引语)
He said that was living with a British family .
(2020·贵州中考真题)
30.Jeff asked his students, “Do you know it is important to protect the earth ” (改为间接引语)
Jeff asked his students they it is important to protect the earth.
(2020·黑龙江鸡西·中考真题)
31.Mary asked me, “Are you going to visit your uncle this weekend ”(改写句子,句意不变)
Mary asked me I going to visit my uncle this weekend.
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参考答案:
1.B
【详解】句意:——你想谈谈你暑假要做什么吗?——我要在我们的社区做一名志愿者。
考查宾语从句。how you will do你会怎么做;what you will do你要做什么;where you will go你要去哪里。根据答语“I’m going to be a volunteer in our neighborhood.”可知,此处询问做什么,故选B。
2.C
【详解】句意:——嗨,杰夫。你能告诉我你在端午节做了什么吗?——我吃粽子,看龙舟赛。
考查宾语从句。根据“宾语从句要用陈述句语序”的原则,排除A/B选项,故选C。
3.B
【详解】句意:——你能告诉我怎样通过“滴滴”打车吗?——当然,我很乐意。
考查宾语从句,此处是宾语从句,用陈述语序,排除A;根据答语“Sure, I’d love to.”可知,前者请教如何使用,故选B。
4.C
【详解】句意:——你注意到李老师在办公室里做什么了吗?——是的,他正在检查我们的作业。
考查宾语从句。how Mr. Li was doing李老师过得怎么样;what is Mr. Li doing李老师在做什么;what Mr. Li was doing李老师在做什么;根据“宾语从句应用陈述句语序”的原则,排除B选项;根据答句he was going over our homework.可知,问句问的是李老师在办公室里做什么,应用what引导,故选C。
5.D
【详解】句意:——你能告诉我什么时候举行毕业生聚会吗? ——后天。
考查宾语从句。宾语从句需用陈述句语序,排除B/C;根据答语“The day after tomorrow.”可知,宾语从句应该用一般将来时。故选D。
6.B
【详解】句意:——你能教我怎么做中国灯笼吗?——当然。首先,你最好确定你已经得到了你所需要的一切。
考查宾语从句。此句是宾语从句,从句应用陈述语序,A和C都是疑问语序,故选B。
7.A
【详解】句意:——4月13日,中国女足击败韩国队。我想知道他们是如何赢得这场比赛的。——她们从未放弃过战斗,战斗到最后一分钟。
考查宾语从句。根据答语“They never gave up and fought the last minute in the game”可知,从句是询问女足是如何获胜的,用how引导宾语从句,故选A。
8.C
【详解】句意:——Alfred,你知道期末音乐会什么时候开始吗?——在明天下午2点钟。
考查宾语从句。此句是宾语从句,从句用陈述语序,排除B和D选项。根据答语“At 2:00 tomorrow afternoon”可知,从句应用一般将来时will do的结构,故选C。
9.C
【详解】句意:——吉姆计划这个周末去上海旅行,但还没决定怎么去那里。——为什么不坐高铁呢?又快又舒服。
考查宾语从句。从句是宾语从句,用陈述语序,排除A和D选项。根据答语“Why not take the high-speed railway”可知,是还没有决定出行的方式,用how引导宾语从句,故选C。
10.B
【详解】句意:——Daniel跟你说什么了?——他问我为什么这么喜欢热干面。
考查宾语从句。回答句为宾语从句,从句用陈述句语序,排除A、C和D。故选B。
11.D
【详解】句意:——你可以告诉我为什么袁隆平被称作“水稻之父”吗?——因为他帮助许多国家种植了更多的水稻。
考查宾语从句。此句是宾语从句,从句用陈述语序,排除A和B选项。根据答语“Because”可知,应用引导词why引导宾语从句,故选D。
12.B
【详解】句意:——艾米,我不知道我来接你的时候怎么在街上找到你的房子。——嗯,前门有棵大树,现在开满了可爱的白花。
考查宾语从句。根据“宾语从句要用陈述句语序”的原则,排除A和D选项;根据回答“there’s a big tree by the front gate and it’s covered in lovely white flowers at the moment.”可知,这里应该是问如何找到,应用how引导宾语从句,故选B。
13.D
【详解】句意:——顺便问一下,你能告诉我们你是在哪里听说我们公司的吗?——从互联网。
考查宾语从句。此处是宾语从句,用陈述语序,排除AC;根据答语“From the Internet.”可知,强调出处,故选D。
14.D
【详解】句意:——你能告诉我哪里可以快速买到食物吗?——当然。我建议你去水城餐厅。
考查宾语从句。此处是宾语从句,用陈述语序,排除AC;根据答语“I suggest Water City Restaurant.”可知,此处指地点,故选D。
15.B
【详解】句意:——琳达,我可以知道你打算怎么过周末吗?——当然。我要去乡下看望我的祖父母。
考查宾语从句,宾语从句中语序为陈述语气,主句时态为一般现在时,从句时态不受限制。根据“I’m going to the countryside to visit my grandparents.”可知,此处询问过周末的方式,用连接词how“怎样”,故选B。
16.B
【详解】句意:明天是地球日,我们来讨论一下我们做什么来回收这些东西。
考查宾语从句。when shall we give out the leaflets疑问语序;what we can do to recycle things陈述语序;how should we save more energy疑问语序;whether can we make our city greener疑问语序。根据句意,空处是宾语从句,应用陈述语序。故选B。
17.D
【详解】句意:——我很期待华为的新智能手机。你知道它们什么时候发布吗?——下个月。
考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述语序,排除AB;根据答语“Next month.”可知,对时间提问,故选D。
18.B
【详解】句意:——你知道我们什么时候举行歌唱比赛吗?——是的。下周。我正在为它做准备。
考查宾语从句。此句是宾语从句,从句用陈述语序,排除A和C选项。根据答语“Next week”可知,是询问时间,用when引导宾语从句,故选B。
19.B
【详解】句意:——你能告诉我他在会上说了些什么吗?——对不起,我不知道。我没去开会。
考查宾语从句。根据“Could you tell me ...”可知tell后缺少直接宾语,此处用宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述语序,排除C;再由“I was not at the meeting.”可知话是过去说的,用一般过去时,排除A。故选B。
20.A
【详解】句意:——你能告诉我暑假我该做什么吗?——为什么不去博物馆当志愿者呢?
考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知,该句为宾语从句,从句中用陈述语序,排除B、D选项;根据“Why not volunteer at the museum ”可推断,空格所在句提问暑假“应该做什么”。故选A。
21.B
【详解】句意:——关于中国梦,王先生,你能告诉我们怎样才能实现吗?——通过齐心协力。
考查宾语从句。根据“宾语从句要用陈述句语序”的原则,排除A/C选项;结合回答“By pulling together”可知,此处问的是如何实现,应用how引导,故选B。
22. how could
【详解】句意:“我如何能到济南3号地铁线?”Alice问我。分析句子结构,此处是改成一个宾语从句,引导词用how“如何”,从句用陈述句语序。主句asked是一般过去时,从句也用一般过去时,所以第二个空填could,故填how;could。
23. when starts
【详解】句意:你能告诉我们吗?乐队今晚什么时候开始演奏?合并后句子是含有宾语从句的复合句,根据“When does the band start playing this evening ”可知用when引导宾语从句;宾语从句用陈述语序,去掉问句中does,主语the band后用start的第三人称单数形式starts。故填when;starts。
24. if##whether would
【详解】句意:我问他:“你会留在学校吗?”改为复合句时要改成宾语从句,根据“asked”可知主过从必过,从句用过去将来时,will的过去式是would;此处问是否会留在学校,用if或whether引导宾语从句。故填if/whether;would。
25. where studies
【详解】句意:你知道吗?简在哪里学习?改为宾语从句时,时态遵循主现从不限原则,用where引导宾语从句,宾语从句用陈述语序,去掉does,将study改为第三人称单数形式studies。故填where;studies。
26. how made
【详解】句意:他问,“你是怎么做面包的?”改为宾语从句,无需换引导词,所以第一处填how;宾语从句需用陈述语序,所以第二处使用谓语动词,又因为主句asked是一般过去时,所以此处make改为过去式made。故填(1).how(2).made。
27. if would
【详解】句意:“展览会将在上海举行吗?”;Olivia问她的秘书展览是否会在上海举行。本题考查直接引语改为间接引语,直接引语是一般将来时态、一般疑问句,用if"是否"引导宾语从句,Olivia asked her secretary是一般过去时,所以间接引语用过去将来时态would+动词原形;故填if;would.
28. where to
【详解】句意:老师们还在商量在哪里举办音乐会。
原句是一个由where引导的宾语从句,可以改为:疑问词+动词不定式即where to do的结构,所以第一个空格填where,第二个空格填to。故答案为where to。
29. he then
【详解】句意:他说:“我现在和一个英国的家庭住在一起。”
本题考查将直接引语转变成间接引语,原来的直接引语是一个陈述句,在间接引语中变为that引导的宾语从句,从句中主语应与主句主语一致,故第一个空用he;直接引语中的now应变为then。故答案为he, then。
30. if/whether knew
【详解】句意:杰夫问他的学生:“你们知道保护地球很重要吗?” 杰夫问他的学生他们是否知道保护地球很重要。
根据题干可知,要求改为间接引语,原句“Do you know it is important to protect the earth ”是一般疑问句,宾语从句的连词用if/whether,主句asked是一般过去时,宾语从句的时态由一般现在时变成一般过去时,know的过去式为knew;故答案为(1)if/whether(2)knew。
31. if was
【详解】句意:玛丽问我:“这周末你将去看你的叔叔么?”
原句是直接宾语,变成间接宾语,asked me后面用宾语从句,从句动词的时态与“asked”保持一致,用一般过去时态;根据“are you going to visit your uncle this weekend”一般疑问句表示不确定判断用if来引导从句;从句用陈述句语序“if+主语+谓语动词”,此处用if I was。故答案为if 和was。
【点睛】直接引语变成间接引语需要注意以下几点:①间接引语中宾语从句的引导词的选择。如果是陈述句,表达一种肯定、明确的概念,用that引导宾语从句,that不表达任何含义。如果是一般疑问句,表达一种不肯定的概念,用whether/if引导从句表示“是否”的含义。如果是特殊疑问句,直接用疑问词来引导从句。此题根据“are you going to visit your uncle this weekend”一般疑问句表示不确定判断用if来引导从句。②注意人称的变化。此题直接引语的问句主语是 you变成间接引语用I。③注意从句动词时态与主句的一致。此题从句动词的时态与主句动词“asked”要保持一致,用一般过去时态was。
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