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Unit 3【核心词汇】
1. Could you please tell me where the restrooms are （教材P17 标题）
restroom/ restru:m/ n.（美）洗手间；公共厕所
restroom由“rest（n.休息）+ room（n.房间）构成，是复合词，其同义词有washroom和toilet。
Do you know where the restroom is
2. Pardon 什么 （教材P18 2d）
pardon/ pa:(r)dn/ v.原谅；interj.请再说一遍
（1）pardon在此处作感叹词，常用于表示没有听清楚或不理解对方所说的内容，请求对方再重复一遍，语气比较委婉，读时用升调；也可用于表示歉意。“Pardon ”相当于“I beg your pardon ”或“Pardon me ”。
Pardon I didn’t catch what you said.
（2）pardon还可作及物动词，意为“原谅”。pardon sb. for ( doing) sth. 原谅某人(做)某事。
Pardon my ignorance, but what does OPEC stand for
3. Right, we normally say “toilets” or “washrooms”.（教材P18 2d）
normally / n m li/ adv.通常；正常情况下
（1）normally 作副词，由“normal（adj. 正常的）+ -ly（后缀）“构成。
It normally takes 10 minutes to get there.
Normally, every hour you ride, you need to pay one yuan.
（2）normal作形容词，意为“正常的”，可作定语或表语。
He’s been used to normal working hours from nine to five.
4. You don’t need to rush!（教材P18 2d）
rush /r / v. & n.仓促；急促
（1）rush在此处作动词，意为“仓促；急促” 。rush to do sth. “赶忙做某事“。
He rushed out of the room when the bell rang.
He rushed to help his friend.
（2）rush还可作名词，意为“仓促；匆忙” 。in a rush “仓促，匆忙”。
When you’re in a rush, it's easier to make mistakes.
Don’t worry, there’s no rush.
5.I suggest Water City Restaurant in Water World.（教材P19 3a）
suggest /s d est/ v.建议；提议
I’d like to suggest another plan.
My father suggested walking to the supermarket.
She suggested our leaving right away.
Our teacher suggested that we (should) go by train instead of by bus.
suggest的名词形式是suggestion，为可数名词，意为“建议”，其同义词advice为不可数名词。
I’d like to offer a suggestion.
6. Alice and He Wei walk up to a staff person at the door.（教材P19 3a）
staff /stɑ f/ n.管理人员；职工
staff属集体名词。它既可看作单数，又可看作复数。当其强调整体时，谓语动词用单数形式；当其强调个体时，谓语动词用复数形式。常见的集体名词还有：police(警察)，army(军队)，class(班级)，family(家庭)，team(小组)等。
The school’s staff is/ are excellent.
We have 20 part-time members of staff.
7.fascinating（教材P21 1a）
fascinating / f s ne t / adj.迷人的；极有吸引力的
fascinating作形容词，常在句中作表语或定语。作表语时，主语通常为物。
Beijing is a fascinating old city full of ancient buildings.
Your topic is fascinating.
其名词形式是fascination，意为“魅力；入迷”；动词形式fascinate，意为“迷住，深深吸引”；fascinated也是形容词形式，意为“入迷的，极感兴趣的”。
Old castles have a certain strange fascination for me.
Anything to do with the old house fascinates me.
The students were fascinated by his ideas.
8.convenient（教材P21 1a）
convenient /k n vi ni nt / adj.便利的；方便的
convenient作形容词，主语通常为物，其反义词为inconvenient，意为“不方便的；不便利的”。It is convenient (for sb. ) to do sth.意为“（对某人来说）做某事很方便”。
Cars make our lives more convenient.
It is convenient to do shopping online using Alipay and WeChat.
其名词形式是convenience，convenience n. 方便[U]；便利的事物或设施[C]。
We have provided seats for the convenience of our customers.
The house has all the modern conveniences.
9. These are similar requests for directions.（教材P22 2b）
request /r kwest/ n.&v.要求；请求
（1）request在此作名词，意为“要求；请求”。多指比较正式的请求，其后常接介词for，引出请求的具体内容。
They have made an urgent request for international aid.
（2）request还可作动词，意为“要求；请求”。常见用法有：
request sth. (from sb. ) （向某人）请求某事/某物
She requested permission to take part in the match.
request sb. (not) to do sth. 请求/要求某人（不要）做某事
The waiter requested me not to smoke in the restaurant.
request + that从句要求...... 此时that从句要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“should+动词原形”，should可省略。
She requested that no one (should) be late for the meeting.
10. These are similar requests for directions.（教材P22 2b）
direction /d rek n/ n.方向；方位
direction作名词，常与介词in连用。in the direction of 意为“向着……的方向”。
Scared by the loud noise, the rabbits ran off in all directions.
He drove in the direction of London.
11. Both are correct, but the first one sounds less polite.（教材P22 2b）
correct /k rekt/ adj. 正确的；恰当的
correct在此作形容词，其同义词是right，反义词是incorrect“不正确的” ，其副词形式是correctly。
He gave a correct answer to the question.
If I remember correctly, he is Spanish.
correct还可作及物动词，意为“纠正，批改”。
It’s necessary to correct his mistakes.
He’s been correcting the kids’ homework for hours.
12. That is because it is a very direct question.（教材P22 2b）
direct /d rekt/ adj. 直接的；直率的
（1）direct在此处作形容词，意为“直接的”。
I’m not in direct contact with them.
（2）direct作形容词，还可意为“直率的”。
He is very direct, so you always know what his real views are.
13. Good speakers change the way they speak in different situations.（教材P22 2b）
speaker/ spi k (r) / n.讲（某种语言）的人；发言者
speaker是可数名词，由“speak（v. 讲）+ -er（后缀）” 构成。
Our first speaker is Mr. Smith.
She’s an English speaker.
speaker作名词，还可意为“扬声器，喇叭“。
A tinny voice issued from a speaker.
14.inexpensive, uncrowded（教材P21 1a）
前缀以否定前缀（negative rpefixes）un-, in-, im-, il-, ir-, non-, dis-, mis-, mal-等为主，使延伸出来的派生词变成反义词。
形容词派生词：accurate → inaccurate；patient → impatient；regular→ irregular；legal → illegal；native → non-native；orderly→ disorderly；common → uncommon.
15.I’m looking forward to your reply. （教材P24 3b）
look forward to 期盼
look forward to 中的to为介词，其后接名词、代词、动名词（动词-ing）作宾语。
We all look forward to seeing you again soon.
该知识点通常考查介词to后接动词-ing形式这一用法，通常出现在单选或完成句子中。
一、单项选择
1．________, I didn’t hear what you said.
A．Hurry up B．Pardon me C．Follow me D．Go ahead
2．— You look smart in the T-shirt ________ your daughter bought for you.
— Thanks a lot.
A．which B．who C．whom
3．________ a father, she has a younger brother to support.
A．Beside B．Besides C．Except D．Except for
4．We can’t put the prefix “un-” to_______ to give it the opposite meaning.
A．correct B．comfortable C．certain D．interesting
5．It’s very important ________ how to ask others for help ________.
A．to know, politely B．know, politely C．know, polite D．to know, polite
6．—Did you find the way to the bank
— Sure. I used BDS (BeiDou Navigation Satellite System) for ________.
A．directions B．decisions C．discussions
7．—Do you mind my smoking here
—I am afraid I do. People are ________not to smoke in the reading room.
A．allowed B．requested C．accepted D．forced
8．Ben stood far away from the notice, and he couldn’t see the words ________.
A．calmly B．seriously C．clearly D．politely
9．—Shall we go for a picnic tomorrow
—Well, it all ________ the weather.
A．belongs to B．happens to C．depends on D．concentrates on
10．The boy didn’t stop crying ________ he saw his mother.
A．when B．until C．since D．after
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空
11．When you visit a foreign country, it is important to know how to ask for help (polite).
12．This kind of animal （normal）comes out at night.
13．My father likes French food, while my mother prefers (Italy) food.
14．It is wise to let children cross the road when it is (crowd).
15．It is (correct) to search the Internet for keys to homework
16．The engineer introduced an easy way to find the (direct) of south in the forest.
17．As parents, we must learn some ways of (communicate) with children well.
18．Mike was not happy yesterday, so I (suggest) going for a walk.
19．There are many (bathroom) in White House.
20．The sick man spends about half an hour (swim) every afternoon.
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参考答案：
1．B
【详解】句意：请再说一遍，我没听见你说什么。
考查固定短语。Hurry up赶快；Pardon me请再说一遍；Follow me跟着我；Go ahead进行，开展。根据“I didn’t hear what you said.”可知，没听见说什么，所以请再说一遍。故选B。
2．A
【详解】句意：——穿着你女儿给你买的体恤，你看起来很漂亮。——谢谢。
考查定语从句。which哪个；who谁；whom谁，who的宾格。the T-shirt后跟的是定语从句，定语从句的先行词指人时，用who、that作关系词；先行词指事物时，用that、which作为关系词。本题中先行词the T-shirt指事物，用that、which作关系词。故选A。
3．B
【详解】句意：除了父亲之外，她还有一个弟弟要养活。
考查介词辨析。Beside在旁边；Besides除了（包括在内）；Except除了……之外；Except for除了。根据“a father, she has a younger brother to support”可知，除了父亲还要养活弟弟，父亲是包括在内的，故选B。
4．A
【详解】句意：我们不能在“correct”前面加上前缀“un-”来表示相反的意思。
考查构词法。correct正确的；comfortable舒服的；certain确定的；interesting有趣的。根据构词法可知，correct用前缀“in-”表示相反的意思。故选A。
5．A
【详解】句意：知道如何有礼貌地向其他人求助很重要。
考查非谓语动词和副词。know知道；politely礼貌地；polite礼貌的。It’s+adj.+(for sb.)+to do sth.做……对某人来说是……，所以应用动词不定式to do作主语，故排除B和C；此外，副词修饰动词，所以应用politely修饰动词ask。故选A。
6．A
【详解】句意：——你找到去银行的路了吗？——当然。我用北斗导航卫星系统来导航。
考查名词辨析。directions方向；decisions决定；discussions讨论；根据“Did you find the way to the bank ”以及“BeiDou Navigation Satellite System”可知，这里说的是引导方向，故选A。
7．B
【详解】句意：——你介意我在这儿抽烟吗？——恐怕会的。要求人们不要在阅览室抽烟。
考查动词辨析。allowed允许；requested要求；accepted接受；forced强迫。根据“I am afraid I do”可知是介词对方抽烟，因为这里要求人们不能抽烟，故选B。
8．C
【详解】句意：本站在离布告很远的地方，他看不清上面的字。
考查副词辨析。calmly平静地；seriously严肃地；clearly清楚地；politely有礼貌地。根据“Ben stood far away from the notice,”本站在离布告很远的地方，可推知是他看不清上面的字，所以clearly符合题意，故选C。
9．C
【详解】句意：——我们明天去野餐好吗？——嗯，这得看天气。
考查动词短语辨析。belongs to属于；happens to发生在……身上；depends on取决于；concentrates on专心于。结合“it all ________ the weather”可推知，此处应用短语“depend on”，表达“明天是否去野餐取决于天气情况”的意思。故选C。
10．B
【详解】句意：那男孩直到见到他的母亲才停止哭泣。
考查从属连词辨析。when当……时；until直到；since自从；after在……以后。结合语境和“didn’t”可知，此处应用固定结构“not...until...”，意为“直到……才……”。故选B。
11．politely
【详解】句意：当你在国外访问时，知道如何礼貌地寻求帮助是很重要的。此空修饰动词ask for，要用副词，根据“it is important to know how to ask for help”可知，此处指礼貌地寻求帮助，故填politely。
12．normally
【详解】句意：这种动物通常在晚上出来。根据空格处修饰动词短语comes out，所以应该用副词，normal“正常的”副词形式是normally，故填normally。
13．Italian
【详解】句意：我爸爸喜欢法国菜，而我妈妈更喜欢意大利菜。形容词修饰名词food，故答案为Italian。
14．uncrowded
【详解】句意：在不拥挤的时候让孩子们过马路是明智的。根据“let children cross the road”可知，不拥挤的时候过马路比较明智，用形容词uncrowded作表语，故填uncrowded。
15．incorrect
【详解】句意：在因特网上搜索家庭作业的答案是不对的。correct正确的，是形容词，It is+形容词+to do sth做某事是……的，根据“search the Internet for keys to homework”可知，此处表示在网上搜作业的答案是不对的，incorrect不正确的，不对的，故填incorrect。
16．direction
【详解】句意：工程师介绍了一种在森林里找到南方方向的简便方法。direct指导，动词；定冠词the后接名词，可知需填direct的名词形式direction；由of south可知用单数形式（direction也可用作不可数名词），故填direction。
17．communicating
【详解】句意：作为父母，我们必须学习一些与孩子沟通的良好方法。介词of后接动名词形式；根据句意语境和英文提示，可知填communicating。
18．suggested
【详解】句意：Mike昨天不开心，所以我建议去散散步。根据前面的“yesterday”可知，时态是一般过去时，suggest“建议”过去式是suggested，故填suggested。
19．bathrooms
【详解】句意：白宫里面有很多洗手间。many+可数名词复数形式，所以bathroom要用复数。故填bathrooms。
20．swimming
【详解】句意：这个病人每天下午花费大约半个小时去游泳。考查短语sb. spend…(in) doing sth.意为“某人花费时间/金钱做某事”，所以应填swim的动名词形式swimming，故填swimming。
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