Unit 5 What are the shirts made of? 核心语法讲练(含解析)

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Unit 5 What are the shirts made of? 核心语法讲练(含解析)

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Unit 5【核心语法】
教材核心语法知识链接及典例解读
Is it made of silver (教材P33 1b)
be made of 由.....制成
The table is made of wood and it is made by my uncle.
The paper is made from wood and it was made in 2018 in the factory.
被动语态的构成
被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。其人称、数和时态的变化都是通过助动词be的不同形式表现出来的。一般现在时的被动语态的谓语形式为“am/ is/ are+及物动词的过去分词”。
This jacket is made of cotton.
Many trees are planted by us every year.
Tea is grown(by people)in Hangzhou.
一般现在时的被动语态的句式结构
English is spoken by many people.
They aren’t allowed to go into the house.
Is the car made by a Japanese company
使用被动语态的情况
(1)当动作的执行者不必或不易说出时,用被动语态。
The flowers are watered every morning.
(2)需要突出动作的承受者时,用被动语态。动作的执行者由by引出且置于谓语动词之后,也可省略。
The new teacher is liked by all the students.
(3)表示“据说,据报道,人们相信”等,常用“It is +过去分词+ that从句”句型。
It is believed that both of the chairs were repaired by him.
(4)文章的标题、广告、新闻等用语也常使用被动语态。
Teachers Wanted. (省略了are) 招聘老师。
不能使用被动语态的情况
(1)系动词get,turn,become,seem,look,sound,smell,taste,feel等后接形容词作表语时,用主动形式表示被动含义。
) That dog looks dangerous.
(2)动词need,want以及短语be worth 等后接动词-ing时,用主动形式表示被动含义。
My flowers need watering.
(3)某些表示主语质地特征的不及物动词,如write,wash,sell,read,clean,drive 等,它们的主语为物时,用主动形式表示被动含义。
This kind of skirt sells well here.
(4)不及物动词或词组没有被动结构,如:take place (发生),happen(发生),come out(发生),break out(爆发), appear(出现), disappear(消失),last(持续)等。
主动语态和被动语态的转化
综合提升变式练习
(2021·青海中考真题)
1.—Students begin to pay more attention to subjects of art education.
—That’s true. They ________ in senior high school entrance examination.
A.are tested B.were tested C.will be tested
(2021·湖南湘潭市·中考真题)
2.As is known to all, the 2022 Winter Olympics ________ in China.
A.is held B.will hold C.will be held
(2021·湖南怀化市·中考真题)
3.In the big earthquake of Gansu, people ______ to the safe places by the army.
A.take B.took C.were taken
(2021·四川乐山市·中考真题)
4.—Have you tasted zongzi, a kind of traditional Chinese rice dumplings
—Sure. It’s said that a lot of zongzi _________ at the food factory twenty days ago.
A.are made B.were made C.made
(2021·四川乐山市·中考真题)
5.—There________ a basketball game against Class Two this Sunday.
—I see. I will come and cheer you on.
A.will have B.is going to be C.is going to have
(2021·山东菏泽市·中考真题)
6.—Do you think it necessary for teenagers to learn cooking at home
—Sure. Cooking is ________ an important part of education in China.
A.prepared for B.regarded as C.compared with
(2021·河北中考真题)
7.These gifts ________ by children in their last summer holidays.
A.made B.were made C.make D.are made
(2021·湖南岳阳市·中考真题)
8.The blender________ for making a banana milk shake just now.
A.will be used B.was used C.is used
(2021·湖北武汉市·中考真题)
9.— Did you notice the students ________ a few why questions in Mr. Zhang’s class
— Yes, I think he wanted to train their abilities of deep thinking.
A.are asked B.must be asked C.have been asked D.were asked
(2021·天津中考真题)
10.The Monkey King is a traditional Chinese cartoon hero. Today, he ________ by people of all ages.
A.will love B.was loved C.is loved D.will be loved
(2021·江苏苏州市·中考真题)
11.Now teenagers ________ to do voluntary work for their local commodities.
A.are encouraged B.were encouraged C.have encouraged D.are encouraging
(2021·江西中考真题)
12.The man did a great job in fighting COVID-19. He ________ on TV and becomes very known.
A.interviewed B.has interviewed C.was interviewed D.will be interviewed
(2021·江苏扬州市·中考真题)
13.— Do we have to read anything next week, Mr Wu
— Sure, You ________ to read Black Beauty from pages 58 to 85.
A.were expected B.will expect C.are expecting D.are expected
(2021·云南中考真题)
14.—Did you have a welcome party for Laura last night
—No, we didn’t. It was ________ because Laura was in hospital.
A.put off B.taken off C.cut off D.turned off
(2021·四川成都市·中考真题)
15.The Party’s 100th birthday ________ on July 1st this year in our country.
A.will be celebrated B.has been celebrated C.will celebrate
(2021·四川眉山市·中考真题)
16.It’s a rule that students are not a to use phones in class.
(2021·四川南充市·中考真题)
17.Many classes were t by teachers online during Covid-19.
(2021·湖南常德市·中考真题)
18.One of the most famous Marvel heroic character—Spiderman, (create) in 1962.
(2021·浙江宁波市·中考真题)
19.If we don’t protect the environment well, we’ll be (惩罚)sooner or later.
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参考答案:
1.C
【详解】句意:——学生开始重视艺术教育的学科。——是真的。他们将在中考中接受测试。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据“They…in senior high school entrance examination.”可知,被测试的动作还未发生,用一般将来时的被动语态,故选C。
2.C
【详解】句意:众所周知,2022年冬奥会将在中国举行。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据“2022”可知,时态是一般将来时,主语the 2022 Winter Olympics是动作hold的承受者,所以用一般将来时的被动语态。故选C。
3.C
【详解】句意:在甘肃大地震中,人们被军队带到了安全的地方。
考查被动语态。结合语境可知,句子主语people与动词take之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,描述的是过去的事情,应用一般过去时的被动,故选C。
4.B
【详解】句意:——你吃过粽子吗,一种中国传统的粽子?——当然。据说二十天前食品厂做了很多粽子。
考查一般过去时被动语态。主语“zongzi”与动词“make”之间是被动关系,且时间状语“twenty days ago”是一般过去时标志词,故此处应填一般过去时被动语态was/were done的结构,故选B。
5.B
【详解】句意:——星期天将有一场对阵二班的篮球赛。——我知道了。我会来为你加油的。
考查there be结构的将来时态。there be有……,表示客观存在;根据时间状语“this Sunday”可知,应用一般将来时,其结构为:There is/are going to be或者There will be;主语“a basketball game against Class”是第三人称单数形式,be用is。故选B。
6.B
【详解】句意:——你认为青少年有必要在家里学习烹饪吗?——当然。烹饪在中国被视为教育的重要组成部分。
考查动词短语。prepared for为……做好准备;regarded as被视为;compared with与……相比较。根据“Cooking is … an important part of education in China”可知,烹饪被视为教育的重要部分,故选B。
7.B
【详解】句意:这些礼物是孩子们在上一个暑假里做的。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。主语gifts与谓语make之间为被动关系,故应用“be动词+过去分词”的被动语态结构,且根据last summer holidays提示,句子应用过去时,故空格处应用一般过去时的被动语态结构,故选B。
8.B
【详解】句意:刚才这台搅拌机是用来做香蕉奶昔的。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。be used for被用来做某事;根据“just now”可知,动作发生在过去,用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。
9.D
【详解】句意:——你注意到在张先生的课堂上,学生们被问了一些为什么的问题吗?——是的,我想他是想训练他们的深度思考能力。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。主语the students是动作ask的承受者,根据“Did you notice”可知,时态是一般过去时,所以用一般过去时的被动语态,结构为was/were done。故选D。
10.C
【详解】句意:孙悟空是中国传统的卡通英雄。今天,他受到了各年龄段人们的喜爱。
考查一般现在时被动语态。主语he与动词love之间是被动关系,根据“today”可知,此空应填一般现在时被动语态am/is/are done的结构,故选C。
11.A
【详解】句意:现在鼓励青少年为当地的商品做义工。
考查被动语态。句子主语teenagers与动词之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,排除C/D选项;陈述事实用一般现在时的被动,结构是“am/is/are+done”,故选A。
12.C
【详解】句意:他在抗击新冠肺炎疫情中表现出色。他因为接受了电视采访而出名了。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。主语he是动作interview的承受者,根据语境可知,采访的动作发生在过去,所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。
13.D
【详解】句意:——吴老师,下周我们一定要读一些什么吗 ——当然,你们要读《黑骏马》从58页到85页。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据上文“Do we have to read anything next week, Mr Wu ”结合“Sure, You … to read Black Beauty from pages 58 to 85.”可知主语和谓语动词expect之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系,因此用被动语态,句子时态是一般现在时,因此用一般现在时的被动语态,即be+动词的过去分词,主语是you,be动词用are,expect的过去分词是expected,故选D。
14.A
【详解】句意:——昨晚你为劳拉举行欢迎晚会了吗?——不,我们没有。因为劳拉住院,所以推迟了。
考查动词短语。put off推迟;taken off起飞;cut off切断;turned off关掉;根据“because Laura was in hospital.”可知,此处说的是晚会推迟了,故选A。
15.A
【详解】句意:今年7月1日我国将庆祝建党100周年。
考查时态。根据“on July 1st this year”可知时态是一般将来时,且主语The Party’s 100th birthday与谓语动词celebrate之间是被动关系,用一般将来时的被动语态。故选A。
16.(a)llowed
【详解】句意:学生不允许在课堂上使用手机是规定。根据“It’s a rule...”可知课上使用手机是不允许的,allow表示“允许”,student与allow之间是被动关系,此空为过去分词。故填(a)llowed。
17.(t)aught
【详解】句意:2019冠状病毒病期间,许多课程由教师在线授课。根据“Many classes were…by teachers online”可知,此处指老师在线授课,teach“授课”,此处用一般过去时被动语态,故此空应填过去分词,故填(t)aught。
18.was created
【详解】句意:最有名的漫威英雄角色之一的蜘蛛侠创作于1962年。主语Spiderman与谓语动词create之间是被动关系,根据“...in 1962.”可知描述过去的事,用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was created。
19.punished
【详解】句意:如果我们不保护好环境,我们迟早会受到惩罚。punish惩罚,此处用于will be done结构中,构成一般将来时的被动语态,故填punished。
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