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(共30张PPT)
XB3 U4 Extended Reading
Following the Silk Road
Language points
各种各样(p1) ______________
从……延伸到…… ______________
一直到，一路到 ______________
自行其是，以其自己的方式 ______________
作为……而出名(p2) ______________
追求，争取 (p3) ______________
成形 ______________
当时的主要强国 ______________
在……承担重要角色 ______________
仍在使用 ______________
最初阶段(p4) ______________
由于，幸亏 ______________
a variety of
extend/stretch from … to…
all the way to
in its own way
be famous as
seek to
take shape
the major powers of the time
play an important role in
remain in use
at the initial stage
thanks to
在…巅峰、最高峰 ______________
促成，导致 ______________
充满着 ______________
除……之外（还）(p5) ______________
贸易往来/文化交流 ______________
充当，起……作用 ______________
被引入 ______________
给予……机会(p6) ______________
实现共同发展 ______________
一带一路倡议 ______________
某物添加到…… ______________
承认，认可；酬谢 ______________
at one’s / the peak
contribute to
be alive with
in addition to
cultural/trade exchange
serve as
be introduced/brought to
give access to
achieve a shared development
the Belt and Road Initiative
the addition of sth. to…
in recognition of
Covering vast distances and an astonishing variety of landscapes, the Silk Road was a network of ancient trade routes that extended from East Asia all the way to the Mediterranean. A key section of the extensive Silk Road network is the Chang'an Tianshan Corridor, which stretches over a distance of around 5,000 kilometres through China, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, covering a total of 8,700 kilometres of trade routes. The three countries jointly pursued an application for UNESCO World Heritage status.
丝绸之路跨越了遥远的距离，沿途风景各异，它是古代贸易路线的网络，从东亚一直延伸到地中海。丝绸之路网络的一个关键部分是长安天山走廊，穿越中国、哈萨克斯坦和吉尔吉斯斯坦，全长约5000公里，共覆盖8700公里的贸易路线。三国共同申请联合国教科文组织世界遗产。
从...延伸到...
一段...的距离
总共，总计
Para. 1
1. Covering vast distances and an astonishing variety of landscapes, the Silk Road was a network of ancient trade routes that extended from East Asia all the way to the Mediterranean.
注：
covering为非谓语动词，此句中逻辑主语为the Silk road，cover和逻辑主语作主动关系。
that引导限定性定语从句，主句为the Silk Road was a network of ancient trade routes，从句为 extended from East Asia all the way to the Mediterranean，缺少主语，先行词为the Silk Road，作从句主语。
译文：丝绸之路是从东亚一路延伸至地中海地区的古代贸易路网，绵延万里，沿途风光百变，令人惊叹。
Para. 1
译文：长安 — 天山廊道是丝绸之路庞大路网的重要部分，贯穿中国、哈萨克斯坦和吉尔吉斯斯坦三国，覆盖约5000 公里长的广大区域，涵盖贸易路网总里程达 8700 公里。
2. A key section of the extensive Silk Road network is the Chang’an-Tianshan corridor, which stretches over a distance of around 5000 kilometers through China, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, covering a total of 8700 kilometers of trade route.
注：which引导非限定性定语从句，主句为A key section of the extensive Silk Road network is the Chang’an-Tianshan corridor，从句为stretches over a distance缺少主语，Chang’an-Tianshan corridor为先行词，作从句主语。
Para. 1
pursue vt. to continue doing an activity or trying to achieve something over a long period of time; to chase or follow someone or something, in order to catch them, attack them etc. 追求，致力于，执行；追逐
Students should pursue their own interests, as well as do their school work.
She wishes to pursue a medical career.
Police pursued the car at high speed.
Para. 1
They submitted the proposal which contained detailed research on the 33 sites along the corridor. This made history in its own way as the first successful multinational World Heritage application-and it seems to be only the beginning of the road for the Silk Road, as other countries are also planning World Heritage applications for other sections of the network.
他们提交了建议，其中载有对走廊沿线33个场址的详细研究。这以自己的方式创造了历史，成为第一个成功申请世界遗产的跨国公司——这似乎只是丝绸之路的开始，因为其他国家也在计划为网络的其他部分申请世界遗产。
Para. 1
adj.跨国的
3. They submitted the proposal which contained detailed research on the 33 sites along the corridor.
submit vt.&vi. to give a plan, piece of writing etc to someone in authority for them to consider or approve; to agree to obey a person, group, set of rules, especially when you have no choice 提交，呈递；屈服
submission n. 服从，顺从；归顺，投降；提交，呈递。
Para. 1
Para. 1
【语境应用】翻译句子。
1) 我们将服从法庭的判决。
2) Alan提交的许多建议已得到采纳。
3) 面对威胁，他拒绝屈服。
We will submit to the court’s judgment.
Many of the suggestions that Alan submitted have been accepted.
To the threats, he refused to submit.
Para. 2
The starting point of the corridor and the entire Silk Road network is Chang'an (present-day Xi'an), in Shaanxi Province of north-west China. It was famous as the capital of the Han and Tang Dynasties. Further west on the Silk Road, the geography gradually changes from wild deserts to high, snow-capped mountains to vast grasslands as the routes pass through the splendid Tianshan Mountains and emerge in the rolling valleys of Central Asia. Although the Chang'an-Tianshan Corridor ends here, the network continues westwards until it reaches the mediterranean.
这条走廊和整个丝绸之路网络的起点是长安(今西安)，位于中国西北部的陕西省。它是著名的汉唐都城。沿着丝绸之路再往西走，随着丝绸之路穿过壮丽的天山，出现在中亚起伏的山谷中，地理位置逐渐从荒无人烟的沙漠变成了白雪覆盖的高山，再变成了广袤的草原。虽然长安-天山走廊在此结束，但网络继续向西延伸，直到地中海。
作为...而出名
4. …and emerge in the rolling valleys of Central Asia.
emerge v. to appear or come out from somewhere; facts become known after being hidden or secret; to come out of a difficult experience
出现；暴露；露头
emerge from 自……出现；从……显露出来；源于……
emerge as 作为……出现
Para. 2
The sun emerged from behind the clouds.
He emerged as a key figure in the event.
Eventually the truth emerged.
She emerged from the divorce a stronger person.
Para. 2
The Silk Road began to develop in the 2nd century BCE. Assigned by the emperor, the ambassador Zhang Qian journeyed from Chang'an to Central Asia, seeking to build bridges between the Han Dynasty and the Western Regions. Following Zhang's efforts, trade routes took shape and relationships were strengthened between the major powers of the time, with the routes network reaching as far as the Roman Empire. The network expanded gradually, playing an important role in world history between the 6th and 14th centuries, and remained in use until the 16th century.
丝绸之路始于公元前2世纪。张骞奉皇帝之命，从长安出发前往中亚，寻求在汉朝和西域之间建立桥梁。在张骞的努力下，贸易路线逐渐形成，当时各大国之间的关系也得到加强，航线网络最远延伸到罗马帝国。网络逐渐扩大，在世界历史上发挥了重要作用，从6世纪到14世纪，一直使用到16世纪。
成形，有了模样
在使用中
Para. 3
5.Assigned by the emperor, the ambassador Zhang Qian journeyed from Chang'an to Central Asia, seeking to build bridges between the Han Dynasty and the Western Regions.
译文：使者张骞奉旨由长安城出发，长途跋涉至中亚地区，力求建立汉朝和西域的桥梁。
注：句子中有两处非谓语的使用,分别为过去分词assigned by和现在分词 seeking to build，主干为the ambassador Zhang Qian journeyed from Chang'an to Central Asia，逻辑主语皆为the ambassador Zhang Qian，前者张骞表示受...委派，后者表示他主动试图去...
Para. 3
5. Assigned by the emperor, the ambassador Zhang Qian journeyed from Chang’an to Central Asia
assign vt. to give someone a particular job or make them responsible for a particular person or thing; to give money, equipment etc. to someone to use; to give a particular time, value, place etc. to something
指定，指派；分配；确定
assign sb. sth. = assign sth. to sb. 分配给某人某物
assign sb. to do sth. 指派某人做某一项工作
assign sb. as sth. 指派某人任某一职务
Para. 3
For this year’s basketball team, the coach assigned me to play as a forward.
Our science teacher usually assigns two chapters a week as homework.
The teacher has assigned each of us a holiday task.
【语境应用】完成句子。
My teacher ______________________ (指派我写) an essay about the reform and opening-up policy of China.
assigned me to write
Para. 3
译文：经过他的努力，商路初具规模，当时主要强国间的关系也得到了巩固，路网甚至延伸到了罗马帝国。
6. Following Zhang's efforts, trade routes took shape and relationships were strengthened between the major powers of the time,with the routes network reaching as far as the Roman Empire.
with的复合结构
with+名词 +动词不定式，表示将发生的动作.
With no one to talk to, John felt miserable.
with + 名词 + 现在分词，是逻辑上的主谓关系
With prices going up so fast, we can't afford luxuries.
with + 名词+ 过去分词，是逻辑上的动宾关系
I sat in my room with my eyes fixed on the ceiling
Para. 3
At the initial stage of the Silk Road development, silk was the main item in the trade list thanks to its light weight and high value. At its peak, many other items were contributed to the marketplace of goods. The routes were alive with strings of camels carrying loads of goods and traders selling everything imaginable. China's exports included silk, china and tea, while horses, wool, cotton and grapes were all imported over vast distances along the network.
在丝绸之路发展的初期，丝绸重量轻、价值高，是贸易清单上的主要项目。在它的鼎盛时期，许多其他商品被贡献到商品市场中。这些路线充满了生机，一串串的骆驼驮着货物，商人们出售着一切可以想象得到的东西。中国的出口包括丝绸、瓷器和茶叶，而马、羊毛、棉花和葡萄都是沿着这个网络通过长途运输进口的。
Para. 4
充满（活的或动的东西）
在最高峰
...的初始阶段
译文：至丝绸之路鼎盛期，许多其他商品也被添加到贸易市场中。商路上熙来攘往，到处是驼队和商人，驼队载着一批批货物，商人们贩卖你能想象的任何商品。
7. At its peak, many other items were contributed to the marketplace of goods. The routes were alive with strings of camels carrying loads of goods and traders selling everything imaginable.
注：be alive with 充满着
carrying和selling为非谓语动词，作伴随状语。此句逻辑主语分别为strings of camels和traders，强调驼队和商人的状态。
Para. 4
7. At its peak, many other items were contributed to the marketplace of goods.
contribute to: to give money, help, ideas etc. to sth. that a lot of other people are also involved in to help to make sth. happen; to help to bring about
捐款，投入；贡献；有助于
contribute v. 贡献，捐助
contribution n. 贡献；捐赠
contributor n. 捐献者
Para. 4
Would you like to contribute to our collection
Exercise can contribute to good health.
Para. 4
【语境应用】翻译句子。
1) 纸的发明是对人类的一大贡献。
2) 充足的新鲜空气有利于健康。
The invention of paper is a great contribution to human.
Plenty of fresh air contributes to good health.
Para. 5
In addition to trade exchange, the network served as a bridge for cultural exchange which shaped the evolution of science, art, technology and many other areas in societies along the network. Astronomy and mathematics were introduced to China from India and Arabia; in Gansu Province, the Mogao Caves, home to some of the finest examples of Buddhist art, reflected the eastward spread of Buddhism from India; important Chinese inventions such as paper-making and printing were first brought to the West through the network.
除了贸易交流，网络还充当了文化交流的桥梁，这些文化交流塑造了科学、艺术、技术和其他许多社会领域的发展。天文学和数学是从印度和阿拉伯传入中国的;在甘肃省，莫高窟是佛教艺术的一些最好的例子，反映了佛教从印度向东传播;中国重要的发明，如造纸和印刷，首先通过网络被带到西方。
贸易交流
译文：天文学和数学由印度和阿拉伯传入中国；甘肃省的莫高窟有一批最精美的佛教艺术品，印证了印度佛教的东传；
8. Astronomy and mathematics were introduced to China from India and Arabia; In Gansu province, the Mogao Caves, home to some of the finest examples of Buddhist art, reflected the eastward spread of Buddhism from India.
were introduced to 被引进
home to 是...的家园
reflect v 反射；反映；反思
reflect on 反思
e.g., Take a moment to reflect on what you could do in your life.花些时间想想你在生活中能做的。
Para. 5
All of these activities contributed to a great age of expansion as trade and cultural exchanges gave people access to new goods, knowledge and ideas. These amazingly long routes connected Eastern and Western civilizations, which achieved a shared development. In the modern age, through the Belt and Road Initiative, the Silk Road is once again connecting the countries along the ancient trade routes and promoting the exchanges of different civilizations. The addition of the Chang'an Tianshan Corridor to the UNESCO World Heritage List is a milestone in recognition of the Silk Road as a crucial part of humanity's common heritage.
所有这些活动都促成了一个巨大的扩张时代，因为贸易和文化交流让人们获得了新的商品、知识和思想。这条惊人的长路连接了东西方文明，实现了共同发展。到了现代，通过“一带一路”倡议，丝绸之路再次连接了古代贸易路线沿线国家，促进了不同文明的交流。长安天山走廊被列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录，是承认丝绸之路是人类共同遗产的重要组成部分的一个里程碑。
给予...机会；使...接触
Para. 6
译文：所有这些活动共同催生了一个欣欣向荣的大时代，因为贸易往来和文化交流使人们接触到新商品、新知识和新观念。
9. All of these activities contributed to a great age of expansion as trade and cultural exchanges gave people access to new goods, knowledge and ideas.
access n. 通道；通路；入径
access to sth（使用或见到的）机会，权利
accessible adj. 有渠道的，有途径的
e.g., You may be trying to access a printer to which you do not have rights.您可能在试图访问您没有访问权限的打印机。
Para. 6
expansion n. when something increases in size, range, amount etc.; when a company, business etc. becomes larger by opening new shops, factories etc.; an idea, story etc. that is based on one that is simpler or more general
(尺寸、范围、数量等的)扩大，增加; (公司、企业等)扩张；详述，扩充
expand v. 增加，扩大；扩展，发展(业务)；详谈，详述
expand...into 把……扩展(发展, 膨胀)成
expand on/upon 阐述; 详谈
Para. 6
The hotel wants to expand its business by adding a swimming pool.
The rapid expansion of cities can cause social and economic problems.
Water expands as it freezes.
Para. 6
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) 我们打算通过再开两家商店来扩大生意。
We plan to _________________ by opening two more stores.
2) The novel is an __________ of a short story he wrote about forty years ago.
这部小说由他大约四十年前写的一篇短篇小说扩展而成。
3) Could you expand __________ that point, please
expand the business
on / upon
expansion
Para. 6
Thanks

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