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Unit 9 Section A Grammar focus-4c 学案 (知识精讲+分层作业)
【重点语法】
定语从句
观察两个句子,看看有什么区别:
an interesting book 形容词interesting做定语修饰
book a book that is interesting that is interesting句子做定语修饰
book interesting/that is interesting作用是相同的,都是用作定语来修饰名词book,这种在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
定义:复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
定语从句要跟在所修饰的名词或代词后面，被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。
定语从句一般用关系代词who, that, which 和 whose 来引导,放在从句的句首使从句与主句相连,并在句中担当一定的成分。
I like music that I can dance to.(作宾语)
I prefer singers who can write their own songs.(作主语)
注 1:That在从句中作主语或宾语(作宾语时that可省略)(指物)
A plane is a machine that can fly.(作主语)
The noodles ( that ) I cooked were delicious.(作宾语)
(指人)Who is the man that is reading the book over there (作主语)
The girl(that) we say yesterday was Jim’s sister.(作宾语)
注 2:从句的谓语和先行词的单复数保持一致
I like a sandwich that is really delicious.
I love singers who are beautiful
注3: Which 在从句中作主语或宾语(作宾语时可省)
(指物)The silk which is produced in Hangzhou sells well.(作主语)
The songs (which) Liu Dehua sang were very popular.(作宾语)
注4:Who(主语),whom(宾语)(指人)
例.The boy who break. the window is called Roy.(作主语)
The person to whom you just talked is Mr. Li.(作宾语)
注5:Whose在从句中作定语指人或物的所有格I like the girl whose hair is long(作定语)
单项选择
( )1. Running Man is a very relaxing TV program ____is still hot among teenagers.
A. which B. what C. who D. whose
( )2. The man ____ lives next to us is my English teacher.
A. whom B. which C. who D. whose
( )3. Is there anything __ _ I can do for you
A. what B. who C. that D. where
( )4. This is the bag ____ my mother bought yesterday.
A. that B. who C. whom D. where
( )5. A student ____is always helping others is worth praise.
A. whom B. which C. who D. whose
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
6．Could you tell me where (go) to the hotel
7．Would you mind (do) his work
8．I'm thirsty.Could you give me something (drink)．
9．I would like (take) a photo.
10．There are a lot of excellent (director) in this country.
三、完成句子。
11. 他是我最不愿与之相处的人。
He is the person that I won’t_______ _______ _______.
12. 歌手们歌词唱得不清楚。
The singers don’t _______ the lyrics ______.
13. 这些音乐家自己写歌词。
These musicians write ________ ________ ________.
14. 我们宁愿在外面玩而不愿看电视。
We’d ___ playing outdoors ____ watching television.
15. 她喜欢甜的食物。
She enjoys food ____ ____ ____ ____ ___ _____.
四、完形填空
Thomas Edison lived in America. He invented plenty of electrical appliance(电器) and 16 people know him.
At that time there was no electric lamp(电灯) in the world. And it brought people 17 . Young Edison decided to 18 it. He didn’t know which material（材料） was suited to be a lamp filament(灯丝). He 19 many times and he spent a lot of time on it. Some friends of his asked him to 20 the experiments but he didn’t listen to them and tried his best to find the 21 .
One afternoon a friend of his came to visit him. He was doing his experiment in the lab 22 the man came in. But he only asked his friend to 23 and didn’t stop to talk with him. The man sat for a long time and Edison said nothing to him. He was 24 Edison and said. “You’ve done the experiments 1,200 times but you’ve failed 1,200 times.” “You’re right, my friend,” Edison went on doing his experiments and said. “But I have known 1,200 materials 25 to be a lamp filament.”
( )16. A. most B. few C. a few D. some
( )17. A. much trouble B. much pleasure C. safety D. comfort
( )18. A. find B. invent C. like D. discover
( )19. A. won B. failed C. lost D. got
( )20. A. begin B. go on with C. stop D. try out
( )21. A. lamp B. material C. appliance D. people
( )22. A. before B. after C. as soon as D. when
( )23. A. sit down B. go out C. go home D. help him
( )24. A. pleased with B. angry with C. polite to D. thankful to
( )25. A. are suited B. aren’t C. are enough D. can work
五、阅读理解
Perhaps your childhood piano lessons made you never want to play the piano again .Perhaps a piano is too expensive for you to afford.Now, thanks to a program in Sydney called “Play Me, I'm yours”， people are able to play the piano in public places for free. They share beautiful music, and the program also helps them communicate with each other.
Thirty pianos have been placed in different parts of the city, including in several parks, at a bus stop and on some streets.The pianos have the logo “Play Me, I'm yours” on them. People are invited to play music or sing songs with the pianos, no matter what level of ability they have .Lots of people have been attracted to the program and stopped to watch or play the pianos.
“Play Me, I'm yours” is a part of the Sydney Festival. It is a project of the British artist, Luck Jerram. He wants to help people in the city connect with each other. He thinks that so many people are sitting in front of computers and busy with their work all hours, and they almost have no chance to enjoy music.So the purpose of the project is to help them relax and make new friends.
The program “Play Me, I'm yours” has also reached England and Brazil (巴西) before. It was warmly welcomed there. But its greatest success seems to come at the Sydney Festival.“It's a chance for people to be creative, connect with strangers and just have some fun，” Jerram said.
(　　)26.According to the first sentence of the passage, your childhood piano lessons may be .
A．boring B．valuable C．interesting D.meaningful
(　　)27.Thirty pianos are placed in parts of the city except .
A．in parks B．at a bus stop C．on streets D. in a school
(　　)28.The aim of the project is to help people .
sing songs B．play the piano for free
C．relax and make friends D．enjoy beautiful music
(　　)29. countries have had the program.
A．Two B．Three C．Four D．Five
(　　)30.What can be the best title for the passage
A．Beautiful Music B．A British Artist, Luck Jerram
C．The Sydney Festival D．A Program “Play Me, I'm yours”
语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
We all know that water is the source(源泉) of life on Earth. No plant,animal 31 human can live without it. 32 new study shows how important drinking water is for 33 (we) to live longer.
Researchers found that people who drank a lot of water every day were 34 (healthy) and lived longer than those who didn't. And these people developed fewer serious health 35 (problem) with age. What's more, they added that adults who did not drink enough water might die at a younger age. These people were much easier to show signs(迹象) of 36 (get) old.
The researchers studied the information of older patients who 37 (visit) a hospital at least five times. Dr Natalia Dmitrieva,lead researcher of the study,said.“The results suggest that proper water may help slow down aging.”She advised people 38 (drink) more water and juice and eat more fruit and vegetables. She added that half 39 people all around the world do not drink enough.An adult 40 (need)to drink at least 1.5 liters(升) of water every day.
31._________ 32._________ 33._________ 34._________ 35._________36._________ 37._________ 38._________ 39._________ 40._________
Unit 9 Section A Grammar focus-4c 学案 (知识精讲+分层作业)参考答案
一、单项选择
1-5 ACCAC
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
6.to go 7.doing 8.to drink 9.to take 10.directors
三、完成句子
11. get along with 12. sing; clearly 13. their own lyrics 14. prefer；to 15. that is sweet
完形填空
16-20AABBC 21-25BDABB
阅读理解
26-30 DABCB
七选五
or 32. A 33. us 34. healthier 35. problems 36. getting 37. visited
to drink 39. of 40. needs
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HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
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Presentation
人教新目标版 九年级(上册)
Presentation
1.学习本课新词汇： intelligent,comfortable,salty,inexpensive.
掌握句型：
—What kind of movies do you like
—I prefer movies that / which give me something to think about.
Some of the singers don’t sing the words clearly.
2.通过观看图片和视频，用定语从句完成句子，进一步学习和巩that/who
/which 引导的定语从句的用法。
3.通过阅读翻译Grammar focus里的句子，完成句子，能够总结和辨认
that，which ，who引导的限定性定语从句，能灵活运用that, which, what
引导的定语从句，关注先行词的指代，注意句子表达前后的一致性，并
学会使用如何选用关系词。
4.通过学习定语从句，认识到中英语语言上的相似性和差异性。
Presentation
Talk about the music that you like:
What kind of music do you like
I like music.
Most people like the music.
I like music___________________.
that most people like
I like pop music.
Because I can dance to it.
I like music________________.
that I can dance to
I like light music.
Because it is quiet.
I like music___________.
that is quiet
I like rock music.
It has great lyrics.
I like music__________________.
that has great lyrics.
Presentation
Talk about the movies that you like:
I like comedies.
Comedies make me laugh.
I like movies_________________.
that make me laugh
What kind of movies do you like
I like movies ____________(有趣的).
that are funny
I like movies.
The movies give me
something to think about.
I like movies ____________________
_______________.
that give me something
to think about
Presentation
Talk about the persons that you like:
Who are your favorite singers
I like Zhou Jielun best.
Because he can write songs.
I like singers _____________________.
who\that can write songs
I like people _________________.
who\that are funny
我喜欢搞笑的人。
I like people __________________.
who are hardworking
我喜欢勤奋的人。
Presentation
Talk about other things that you like:
I like books.
The books are interesting.
I like books_______________________.
that\which are interesting
What kind of books do you like
I like clothing store __________________________
(卖时尚衣服).
that\which sells fashion clothes.
What kind of clothing stores do you like
What kind of movie theater do you like
We like movie theaters.
The movie theaters have comfortable seats.
We like movies theaters _________________________.
which have comfortable seats.
Presentation
Learn the new word. Listen and repeat.
intelligent
adj. 有才智的；聪明的
an intelligent woman
一个聪明的女人
an intelligent question
一个机智的问题
intelligence n.智力；才智
他是一位有才智的老人.
He is _____________________.
an intelligent old man
Presentation
Let’s watch a video.
Can you find the Attributive Clauses
and write them down
定语从句
Presentation
Let’s translate！
It must be a toy car ________________________________.
This is the house ____________________________.
He is a man __________________________.
1975 is the year ______________.
This house is the place _________________________.
This is the reason ____________________________________.
这一定是一辆可以组装(assemble)的玩具车
这栋房子的主人是个俊男。
他的父亲是个仁慈的老人。
1975年是我出生的那一年。
这所房子是我度过童年的地方。
这就是我如此熟悉他们的原因。。
that/which can be assembled【组装】
whose owner is a handsome man
whose father is a kind old man
when I was born
where I spent my childhood
why (for which) I’m so familiar with them
The Attributive Clause
【定语从句】
在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
Presentation
Read the sentences and translate them.
Grammar Focus
What kind of music do you like I love music that/which I can sing along with.
What kind of groups does Xu Fei like He prefers groups that/which play quiet and slow songs.
What kind of movies do you like I prefer movies that/which give me something to think about.
What kind of musicians does Carmen like She likes musicians who play different kinds of music.
你喜欢什么样的音乐？
Xu Fei喜欢什么样的团体？
你喜欢什么类型的电影？
Carmen喜欢什么样的音乐家？
我喜欢我可以随着一起唱的音乐。
他更喜欢演奏安静、缓慢的歌曲的团体。
我更喜欢给我一些思考的电影。
她喜欢演奏各种音乐的音乐家。
Presentation
Fill in the blanks according to grammar focus.
Grammar Focus
1) 你喜欢哪种音乐？ 我喜欢可以随之歌唱的 音乐。
_____ _____ ____ music do you like
I love music _________ I can ____ ____ ____.
2) 许飞喜欢哪种乐队？他更喜欢演奏宁静慢 节奏的歌曲的乐队。
What kind of ______ _____ Xu Fei like
He ________ groups __________ _____ quiet and slow songs.
3) 你喜欢哪种电影？我更喜欢给我带来思考的电影。
______________________________
I ______ movies __________ _____ ___ _________ __ _____ _____.
4) 卡门喜欢哪类音乐家？ 他喜欢表演不同类型音乐的音乐家。
What kind of __________ does Carmen like
She likes _______________________________________.
What kind of
that/which
sing along with
groups does
prefers
that /which play
What kind of movies do you like
prefer
that / which give
me something to think about
musicians
musicians who play different kinds of music
Presentation
Read the sentences in GF, and find out the sentences that ask and express preferences.
What kind of music do you like I love music that/which I can sing along with.
What kind of groups does Xu Fei like He prefers groups that/which play quiet and slow songs.
What kind of movies do you like I prefer movies that/which give me something to think about.
What kind of musicians does Carmen like She likes musicians who play different kinds of music.
Ask and express preferences.
询问某人喜欢事物的什么种类：What kind of+可数名词复数/不可数名词+ do/does+主语+like 描述某人的偏好：主+love(s)/like(s)/ prefer(s)...
Presentation
Read the sentences in GF, and find out find
the Attributive Clauses.
What kind of music do you like I love music that/which I can sing along with.
What kind of groups does Xu Fei like He prefers groups that/which play quiet and slow songs.
What kind of movies do you like I prefer movies that/which give me something to think about.
What kind of musicians does Carmen like She likes musicians who play different kinds of music.
什么是定语从句呢
定语从句
定语从句的本质就是把一个句子变成______________，用来表达单词作定语和介词短语作定语表达不了的内容。用一个_____做定语，这个句子就叫_________。定语从句位置一般放在被修饰词的____。
“大的形容词”
句子
定语从句
后面
Presentation
Let's learn the Attributive Clauses.
如：This is a book.
This is a good book.
This is a book about cars.
This is a book that my mother bought for me.
【前面添加形容词good作定语】
【后面添加介词短语about cars作定语】
【这时候，添加单个形容词，介词短语已不能实现此表达，后面只能添加一个句子来作定语，这个句子就叫定语从句了】
句子作定语,修饰book, 叫做定语从句
定语从句的结构
主句
定语从句
先行词
关系词
I like music that is light.
句子结构：主句（先行词）+ （关系词）定语从句
Presentation
Let's learn the Attributive Clauses.
定语从句的先行词和关系词
1、先行词
被定语从句修饰的_____________，在__________。有指人的先行词或指物的先行词，先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。
名词或代词
定语从句前
如：I know the boys who/that are playing football.
I know the boys (who/that/whom) you talked about.
This is the pen which/that is liked by me.
This is the pen (which/that) he bought yesterday.
先行词
先行词
先行词
先行词
关系词
关系词
关系词
关系词
Presentation
Let's learn the Attributive Clauses.
2、关系代词
关系词引导定语从句, 指代先行词, 并在从句中作一定成分, 如作主语、宾语或状语等。用来引导定语从句的关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose。本单元我们重点讲解that, who和which引导的定语从句。
句子1: I like music.
句子2：The music has great lyrics.
主语
谓语
宾语
谓语
宾语
主语
合句：I like music the music has great lyrics.
that
关系词
主句
定语从句
先行词
主语
谓语
宾语
that (关系代词) ：代替先行词music；在从句中作主语；连接从句。
从句：Musicians play different kinds of music.
主句: She likes musicians.
She likes musicians musicians play different kinds of music.
who
先行词
主句
定语从句
主语
谓语
宾语
who (关系代词), 代替先行词musicians；指人，在从句中作主语；连接从句。
Presentation
Let's learn the Attributive Clauses.
◆that引导的定语从句
He is a person that does what he says. (person是先行词, that在从句中作主语)
他是一个说话算数的人。
The cat that I bought yesterday is ill. (cat是先行词, that在从句中作宾语)
我昨天买的那只猫病了。
that引导定语从句时, 既可以指人, 也可以指物, 在从句中可以作主语或宾语。
come
主
宾
宾
◆who引导的定语从句 A friend who helps you when you have trouble is a real friend. (friend是先行词, who在从句中作主语) 在你有困难时帮助你的朋友才是真正的朋友。who引导定语从句时只能指人, 在从句中可以作主语或宾语。通常可与that互换。
The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (作____语)
主
2、关系代词
Presentation
◆whom引导的定语从句
He is the man who / whom I have been looking for.
= He is the man for whom I have been looking.他就是我一直在找的人。
whom也可以引导定语从句, 在从句中只能作宾语, 有时可以和who互换, 但介词后只能用whom, 不能用who 。
Let's learn the Attributive Clauses.
2、关系代词
◆which引导的定语从句
I want to take away the book which you showed me yesterday.
(book是先行词, which在从句中作宾语)
我想带走你昨天给我看的那本书。
which引导定语从句, 只能指物, 通常可与that互换，在从句中可以
主语或宾语。
◆whose引导的定语从句 I know the girl whose hair is long.(作定语)
I live in a house whose windows face south. (作定语)
whose引导定语从句, 可以指物，也可以指人，在从句中只能做定语。whose 作定语， 表示所属关系 The boy whose father is a doctor is my classmate.
Presentation
Let's learn the Attributive Clauses.
1.My brother likes jackets which/that are unusual.
2.Mark who/that is good at playing football is energetic.
3.He doesn’t like songs which/that are too long.
当先行词是____时,
用______ 或 ____引导.
当先行词是___时,
用_____或____引导.
2、关系代词
物
which
that
人
who
that
4.This is a dream which/that will never come true.
5. The dog which was lost has been found.
注意:◆在由that, who和which引导的定语从句中, 当它们在从句中作主语时, 都不可以省略；作宾语时, 都可以省略。介词后面只能用which或whom, 不能用that或who。
This is the house in which they live last year.这是他们去年住过的房子。
先行词本身为that, those时，关系词不能用that或who，只能用which。
What’s that which was put in the box？放在盒子里的那个东西是什么啊？
Presentation
Let's learn the Attributive Clauses.
关系代词who, that, whom引导的定语从句:
如果先行词是表示人的名词或代词，关系代词应用who, that (作主语或宾语) whom (作宾语)
who / that 作主语. (不能省)
2、关系代词
This is the film star who is very popular in China. (作主语)
例句：1. The boy who broke the window is called Roy.
2. Do you know the man who spoke at the meetingyesterday
3. The girl who is watering the flowers is my cousin.
who / whom / that 作宾语：( 可省略)
The man ( who/ whom/ that ) he described just now is a famous writer. (作宾语）
The thief (whom) the police caught last night has been sent to prison.
Presentation
Find out the relative pronoun.
What kind of music do you like I love music that/which I can sing along with.
What kind of groups does Xu Fei like He prefers groups that/which play quiet and slow songs.
What kind of movies do you like I prefer movies that/which give me something to think about.
What kind of musicians does Carmen like She likes musicians who play different kinds of music.
that/which 指代music，指物，
作宾语，可省略
that/which 指代movies，
指物，作主语
who 指代musicians, 指人 ，作主语。也可以用that指代
2、关系代词
Presentation
Let's learn the Attributive Clauses.
2、关系代词
只能用关系代词that而不用which的情况
That is one of tst interesting books that are sold in the bookshop.
The first thing that wehe mo should do is to get some food.
Is there anything that you don’t understand
All that can be done must be done.
1. 当先行词是all, any, anything, everything, nothing等不定代词时。
2. 当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时。
3. 当先行词被the only, the very, the last 等修饰时。
My necklace is the only thing that is missing.
This is the very pen that I’m looking for.
4. 有两个或两个以上先行词，兼指人和物时。
The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are well-known.
5. 当主句以 who 或 which开头时，定语从句的关系词用 that, 而不用 which 或 who.Who is the girl that spoke to you just now
Presentation
Let's learn the Attributive Clauses.
关系代词前有介词且指事物时
先行词本身就是that时
引导非限制性定语从句时
I don’t like that ______ he did.
What is that ______ is on the ground
Football, ______ is a very interesting game, is played
all over the world.
This is the house in ______ they live last year.
This is the city in ______ Tom lives.
which
which
which
which
which
2、关系代词
只能用关系代词which而不用that的情况
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3、关系副词
关系副词所代替的先行词是表示时间、地点或原因的名词，在句中作状语。
It happened in November when the weather was wet and cold.
This is the room where I lived last year.
We don’t know the reason why he was late for school.
如果表示时间或地点的名词在从句中作主语或宾语，关系词要用that/which。
I won’t forget the time that/which we spent in the countryside.
who、that在指人可以通用，但下列宜用 who,不用that
1).先行词是anyone, someone, those时，关系词使用who
Is there anyone who wants to go there
2).在there be 句型中，先行词指人,关系词用who
There is an old man who wants to see you.
There are many young men who are against him.
Let's learn the Attributive Clauses.
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Let's learn the Attributive Clauses.
4、定语从句中的谓语动词单复数形式要与先行词的单复数形式保持一致
当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语动词单复数形式要与先行词的单复数形式保持一致。
The people that/who come to visit the city will go to the library.
The man that/who comes to visit the city will go to the library.
先行词决定定语从句中谓语动词的单复数
I prefer shoes that are cool. I like a pizza that is really delicious.
I love singers who are beautiful. I have a friend who plays sports.
“one of+复数可数名词”充当先行词时，定语从句的谓语动词用_____形式；“the only/very/right one of+复数可数名词”充当先行词时，定语从句的谓语动词用_____形式。
单数
复数
Tom is one of the students who _____ awarded.
Tom is the only one of the students who _____ awarded.
were
was
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Let's do some exercises.
Choose words from the different columns to make sentences.
I/You/
He/She/We/They like(s)/
love(s)/
prefer(s) food/clothes/
people/music/
actors/singers/
movies that/
which/
who is/are funny/comfortable/
inexpensive/slow/
sweet/salty/loud/
interesting/intelligent
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
I like clothes that/which are comfortable.
He loves food that/which is sweet.
She prefers singers who/that are intelligent.
They love movies that/which are interesting.
4a
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Let's do some exercises.
4b
Read Jennifer’s CD review. Then complete the sentences using that, which or who.
1. It’s the kind of music ________________________
2. It’s a CD __________________________________
3. She likes musicians _________________________
4. She doesn’t like the songs ____________________
5. She likes singers ____________________________
that/which you can dance to.
that/which you can take to a party.
who write their own lyrics.
that/which are too long.
who sing the words clearly.
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Let's do some exercises.
Make conversations about the kind of things you like and dislike.
A: What kind of food do you enjoy
B: I enjoy food that is sweet.
4c
A: What kind of groups do you like
B: I like groups that wear really cool clothes.
A: That’s not really important to me. I like groups that can sing.
A: What kind of groups don’t you like
B: I don’t like groups that sing others’ songs. ….
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Remember the following sentences.
Famous sayings
He who laughs last laughs best .
谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。
God helps those who help themselves.
天助自助者。
He who questions nothing learns nothing .
什么也不问的人什么也学不到。
He who doesn't reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
不到长城非好汉。
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Remember the following sentences.
1. Review the grammar we’ve learnt today.
2. Preview 1a-1d on page 69.
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